WO2007078201A1 - Materiaux de construction et leur procede de production - Google Patents

Materiaux de construction et leur procede de production Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007078201A1
WO2007078201A1 PCT/NO2006/000496 NO2006000496W WO2007078201A1 WO 2007078201 A1 WO2007078201 A1 WO 2007078201A1 NO 2006000496 W NO2006000496 W NO 2006000496W WO 2007078201 A1 WO2007078201 A1 WO 2007078201A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
solar
reflectance
emissivity
properties
accordance
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO2006/000496
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Merete Hallenstvet
Original Assignee
Norsk Hydro Asa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Norsk Hydro Asa filed Critical Norsk Hydro Asa
Publication of WO2007078201A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007078201A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to materials for constructions and a method for producing same.
  • the invention relates to low energy absorbing aluminium sheet materials for buildings or other appropriate applications such as in transportation vehicles.
  • emittance or emissivity are referring to the ability of a surface to irradiate (emit) electromagnetic radiation.
  • Solar reflectance refers to the ability of a surface to reflect solar radiation.
  • the reflectance (p) and emittance ( ⁇ ) of a surface can vary strongly with wavelength ( ⁇ ) of radiation.
  • the emittance ( ⁇ ) of an object is defined as the ratio of radiant energy emitted by the object to that of a perfect Planckian blackbody radiator at the same temperature and wavelength, that is, an obje.et following Planck's law.
  • Thermal emittance is determined by a weighing process of the emittance, ⁇ ( ⁇ ), in the thermal wavelength region of the electromagnetic spectrum.
  • Solar radiation contains a significant amount of energy. When direct sun radiation is absorbed in a structural element the temperature increases.
  • the solar reflectance of a surface is the fraction of the incident solar energy, which is reflected by the surface in question.
  • the best standard technique for its determination uses spectrophotometric measurements with an integrating sphere to determine the reflectance at each wavelength.
  • the total solar reflectance (TSR) is determined by a weighing process, using a standard terrestrial solar spectrum (see figure 2).
  • ASTM E903 and E892 document this method.
  • the solar spectrum consists of three wavelength-regions and the energy is distributed approximately as follows:
  • the reflective surface properties in near infrared region, as well as the visible and UV regions are of importance.
  • the reflectance in the visible region will determine the visual appearance (colour and brightness) of the surface.
  • solar heat gain is most problematic for black (or other dark coloured) surfaces.
  • a black surface typically has a low reflectance in all parts of the solar spectrum.
  • it is possible to produce a black surface with a much higher solar reflectance by altering the reflectance properties in the UV and near infrared parts of the solar spectrum. Since these parts of the spectrum are not visible to the human eye, such a modification of the surface reflectance properties will not alter the visual appearance of the surface.
  • Low emissive coatings are known to have been applied to the surface of building elements for improved thermal performance.
  • One example is the application of low emissive coating on the inside of metal roofs.
  • These types of low emissive coatings were initially developed for military applications.
  • the low emissive surface of, for example a military vehicle can alter and suppress the thermal radiation from the object and make it harder to detect with infrared sensors.
  • Such low emissive coatings are typically produced with the use of metallic pigments. Aluminium has a high reflectance in the thermal region of typically 0.9; corresponding to a thermal emissivity of 0.1 , see Figure 1. For this reason, metallic aluminium flakes are commonly used as pigments in such low-e coatings.
  • Aluminium building products are usually surface treated in order to yield an appropriate durability and appearance, without particularly addressing the emissive or solar reflective properties. Further, the surface treatment needs to comply with the standards in the market field (eg. EN 1396, GSB International, Qualicoat or Qualanod). For most surface treatments it is very difficult to combine outdoor durability, scratch resistance, acceptable visual appearance, acceptable production cost and other standard requirements with low emissivity. Normally the metal is coil coated, anodised or powder coated. This gives excellent outdoor durability but high emissivity.
  • the applicants ownpatent application PCT/NO2005/000224 relates to an element with improved thermal properties.
  • the improvements are based upon the fact that the thermal emittance as well as the solar reflectance of the various surfaces will influence the thermal properties of a structural metal element. Further, the desired solar reflective and thermal emissive properties of the exterior surface can be different from that of the internal and interior surfaces.
  • a structural metal element with improved thermal properties can be made by improving the optical properties (emissivity and solar reflectance) of the various surfaces.
  • the internal and interior surfaces should preferably have a low thermal emittance.
  • the exterior surfaces should preferably have a high solar reflectance.
  • the thermal emittance of the exterior surface is of less importance due to larger heat transfer by convection at the exterior surface.
  • the present invention describes three different procedures to achieve such improved optical properties for an element consisting of two (one inner and one outer) or more separated metal sections.
  • materials for constructions with improved thermal properties can be made.
  • the improvements relates to structural elements of aluminium or an aluminium alloy.
  • the structural element can for instance be represented by sheets as facade panels for wall- or roof- applications for buildings or transportation purposes.
  • the improvement can result in lower inside temperature in buildings during summertime, with reduced energy consumption by air- condition equipment etc.
  • Figure 3 Surface temperature and emitted temperature for different materials. Emitted temperature is measured on "unmasked” surface and surface temperature is measured on a tape adhered to said surface.
  • the reflectance of a surface can change depending on the wavelength of the incoming radiation.
  • the reflectance properties in the solar region (0,3 - 2,5 ⁇ m) and the thermal region (2,5 - 50 ⁇ m) in the electromagnetic spectrum. See figure 1.
  • the temperature of a surface will increase when exposed to direct sunshine.
  • the temperature of a standard black surface can reach a temperature of 70°C.
  • new pigments have been developed which reflects in the near infrared (NlR).
  • the NIR region has 51% of the solar energy. (See figure 2). By reflecting in the solar region the surface temperature will be lower than standard colours.
  • the reflection properties in the thermal region of the spectra control the emissivity.
  • the emissivity controls the radiated heat from a surface.
  • Aluminium metal has an emissivity of 0,01. Any coat on an aluminium surface will reduce this emissivity:
  • the present invention is to have an aluminium substrate with the same exterior paint as competing steel substrates, but on the reverse side we will apply a sol-gel coating and we will have an emissivity of 0,15 - 0,20 depending on the film-thickness of the sol-gel coating.
  • the emitted temperature is measured by similar temperature measurement reading the emitted temperature of an unmasked part of said surface.
  • Reducing the emissivity of the reverse side from 0.5 to 0.1 has reduced the emitted temperatures from 37° to 27 0 C.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des matériaux de construction destinés à des applications de construction ou à d'autres applications, possédant des propriétés thermiques améliorées, ainsi qu'un procédé destiné à la production de ces matériaux. Ces matériaux comportent au moins un côté extérieur et un côté opposé possédant des propriétés optiques différentes, grâce à des traitements de surface ou des revêtements. La surface opposée a un faible pouvoir émissif.
PCT/NO2006/000496 2006-01-04 2006-12-22 Materiaux de construction et leur procede de production WO2007078201A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20060051 2006-01-04
NO20060051 2006-01-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007078201A1 true WO2007078201A1 (fr) 2007-07-12

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO2006/000496 WO2007078201A1 (fr) 2006-01-04 2006-12-22 Materiaux de construction et leur procede de production

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2007078201A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2209626A1 (fr) * 2007-10-18 2010-07-28 Arkema, Inc. Composition multicouche colorée à réflectivité solaire élevée
WO2018108529A1 (fr) * 2016-12-12 2018-06-21 Norsk Hydro Asa Produit composite

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5709055A (en) * 1995-05-08 1998-01-20 Levi; Jonathan Window structure
WO2006001708A1 (fr) * 2004-06-23 2006-01-05 Norsk Hydro Asa Element metallique de structure a proprietes thermiques ameliorees et procede de fabrication associe
US20060159874A1 (en) * 2005-01-18 2006-07-20 Solutia, Inc. Windows having multiple polymer layers

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5709055A (en) * 1995-05-08 1998-01-20 Levi; Jonathan Window structure
WO2006001708A1 (fr) * 2004-06-23 2006-01-05 Norsk Hydro Asa Element metallique de structure a proprietes thermiques ameliorees et procede de fabrication associe
US20060159874A1 (en) * 2005-01-18 2006-07-20 Solutia, Inc. Windows having multiple polymer layers

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2209626A1 (fr) * 2007-10-18 2010-07-28 Arkema, Inc. Composition multicouche colorée à réflectivité solaire élevée
EP2209626A4 (fr) * 2007-10-18 2012-09-05 Arkema Inc Composition multicouche colorée à réflectivité solaire élevée
US8574712B2 (en) 2007-10-18 2013-11-05 Arkema Inc. High solar reflectivity, colored multi-layered composition
WO2018108529A1 (fr) * 2016-12-12 2018-06-21 Norsk Hydro Asa Produit composite

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