WO2007071791A1 - Biodegradable artificial baits - Google Patents

Biodegradable artificial baits Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007071791A1
WO2007071791A1 PCT/EP2006/070188 EP2006070188W WO2007071791A1 WO 2007071791 A1 WO2007071791 A1 WO 2007071791A1 EP 2006070188 W EP2006070188 W EP 2006070188W WO 2007071791 A1 WO2007071791 A1 WO 2007071791A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
artificial bait
bait according
biodegradable
biodegradable artificial
starch
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2006/070188
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Francesco Degli Innocenti
Cecilia Giardi
Roberto Lombi
Matteo Nicolini
Original Assignee
Novamont S.P.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Novamont S.P.A. filed Critical Novamont S.P.A.
Priority to NO20083253A priority Critical patent/NO346700B1/en
Priority to EP06830824A priority patent/EP1978822A1/en
Publication of WO2007071791A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007071791A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K97/00—Accessories for angling
    • A01K97/04—Containers for bait; Preparation of bait
    • A01K97/045—Preparation of bait; Ingredients
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K85/00—Artificial bait for fishing
    • A01K85/01—Artificial bait for fishing with light emission, sound emission, scent dispersal or the like
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to biodegradable artificial baits obtained from biodegradable compositions substantially insoluble in an aqueous environment, and capable of releasing attractive substances that are able to attract aquatic organisms of interest in the same aqueous environment.
  • biodegradable artificial baits obtained by biodegradable compositions substantially insoluble in an aqueous environment and capable of releasing attractive substances that are able to attract aquatic organisms in such aqueous environment.
  • the biodegradable artificial bait according to the present invention comprises a composition comprising at least one biodegradable substance of renewable origin, at least one biodegradable (co)polymer of synthetic origin, and at least one attractive biodegradable substance that is able to attract aquatic organisms.
  • the biodegradable substance of renewable origin is present in an amount of from 10 to 90 wt%, preferably from 20 to 80 wt%, and still more preferably from 30 to 70 wt%.
  • the substance of renewable origin comprises natural polymers that are able to become thermoplastic in suitable conditions of temperature and in the presence of plastif ⁇ ers.
  • Said natural polymers comprise, for example, starches, modified starches, alginates, lignins, celluloses, modified celluloses, etc.
  • the substance of renewable origin is starch.
  • the starch can derive from potato, rice, tapioca, maize, peas, wheat, and the like. Potato starch or maize starch is preferred.
  • the starch can be also modified either chemically or physically.
  • composition moreover contains at least one biodegradable thermoplastic (co)polymer of synthetic origin.
  • biodegradable thermoplastic (co)polymers that can be used as components of the artificial baits according to the invention are chosen among the following classes: a) biodegradable polymers of synthetic origin or obtained by fermentation, in particular polyesters such as homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic hydroxyacids having from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, or of the corresponding lactones or lactides, such as, for example: - poly(epsilon) caprolactone, its grafted or block copolymers, the products of reaction of caprolactone oligomers or polymers with aromatic or aliphatic isocyanates, copolymers with lactic acid, with glycolic acid, with poly-hydroxybutyrate and poly- hydroxybutyrate-valerate; polymers of lactic acid or of lactide, polymers of glycolic acid or of polyglycolide, copolymers of lactic acid or of glycolic acid; long-chain, medium-chain, and short-chain polyhydroxyalkanoates such as,
  • polyesters derived from bifunctional acids and aliphatic diols such as, for example: aliphatic or aliphatic-aromatic polyesters such as polyalkylene adipates, polyalkylene succinates, polyalkylene azelates, polyalkylene sebacates, and polyalkylene brassilates, possibly copolymerized with aliphatic or aromatic isocyanates possibly increased in weight by means of chain extenders; such as, for example, polyethylene adipate, polybutylene adipate, polyethylene adipate-co-terephthalate, polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate, polyethylene succinate, polybutylene succinate, polybutylene succinate-co-adipate, polyethylene azelate, polybutylene azelate, poly
  • aliphatic polyamides 6-6, 6-9 or 12 aliphatic polyamides, aliphatic polyurethanes, random or block polyurethane-polyamide, polyurethane-polyether, polyurethane-polyester, polyamide-polyester, polyamide-polyether, polyester-polyether copolymers; polycaprolactone-urethane, where the size block of polycaprolactone is between 300 and 3000 units of molecular weight and where the isocyanates used are MDI
  • gelling agents such as boric acid, borates or phosphates, copolymers of vinyl acetate in the various degrees of hydrolysis with vinyl pyrrolidone or styrene, polyethyloxazoline, polyvinyl pyridine; or polymers capable to form hydrogen bonds with starch.
  • an alkenolic homopolymer and/or alkenolic copolymer in an amount of from 10 to 90 wt% with respect to the composition, preferably from 10 to 40 wt%.
  • the preferred alkenolic homopolymer is polyvinyl alcohol, in particular with a degree of hydrolysis of between 80 and 99 mol%, preferably between 90 and 99 mol%, and still more preferably between 96 and 99 mol%.
  • the composition moreover contains attractive biodegradable substances of natural or synthetic origin that are able to attract aquatic organisms of interest in an amount of from 1 to 30 wt%, advantageously from 1 to 15 wt%.
  • attractive substances of natural origin particularly preferred are extracts of yeast, oligopeptides, mixtures of oligopeptides, amino acids, mixtures of amino acids or combinations thereof. Extracts of yeasts are particularly preferred.
  • the preferred yeast is Saccharomyces Cerevisiae.
  • the attractive substances of natural origin mentioned above may be used as such to attract aquatic organisms, even if not in the form of baits. Also in this case extracts of yeasts are particularly preferred.
  • the preferred yeast is Saccharomyces Cerevisiae.
  • composition can moreover contain additional elements such as plastifiers, colouring agents, fillers, lubricating agents, nucleating agents, animal and vegetable fats, inorganic salts, detaching agents, vegetable gelatins, additives in general.
  • additional elements such as plastifiers, colouring agents, fillers, lubricating agents, nucleating agents, animal and vegetable fats, inorganic salts, detaching agents, vegetable gelatins, additives in general.
  • the composition contains at least one plastifier, i.e., a substance that can be incorporated in the material in order to increase the flexibility and processability thereof or to reduce the viscosity of the melt or reduce the elasticity modulus of the product.
  • plastifier includes all known types of plastifiers, whether solvent ones or non-solvent ones.
  • the composition can contain at least one plastifier in an amount of from 5 to 50 wt%, preferably from 5 to 30 wt%.
  • the preferred plastifier for starch-based compositions is water.
  • the artificial bait according to the present invention is insoluble in an aqueous environment, i.e., it looses less than 20 wt%, preferably less than 10 wt% and still more preferably less than 5 wt% when it is left for 24 h in an aqueous environment at a temperature lower than 10 0 C.
  • the artificial bait according to the present invention can be present in the form of extrudate, in the injection-moulded form, in the form of sheet, film, mesh, fibre and combinations thereof.
  • the bait can be used in different shapes according to the different fishing techniques, particularly in the form of complex structures that are able to optimize the volume/surface ratio for controlling the kinetics of release.
  • the artificial bait according to the present invention has the form of a meshlike container containing extruded granules.
  • Said embodiment is particularly advantageous in fishing techniques where traps are used where the aim is to catch the fish alive without the use of hooks.
  • particularly advantageous are instead injection-moulded articles with shapes suitable for controlling release.
  • compositions described above can be processed in conditions known to the person skilled of the sector.
  • the compositions are mixed and brought up to the melting point in an extruder to yield an extrudate that can be used as such (in the form of "spaghetti", flat strips, sectional strips, fine tubes, pellets) or in turn reprocessed, for example by injection moulding.
  • extrudate in the form of "spaghetti", flat strips, sectional strips, fine tubes, pellets
  • the processing capacity was 10.1 kg/h.
  • the granules obtained were then tested as regards their solubility in water and release of aroma in an aqueous environment.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

Biodegradable artificial bait comprising a biodegradable composition that is substantially insoluble in an aqueous environment and is able to release attractive substances capable to attract aquatic organisms in the aqueous environment.

Description

"BIODEGRADABLE ARTIFICIAL BAITS"
DESCRIPTION
The present invention relates to biodegradable artificial baits obtained from biodegradable compositions substantially insoluble in an aqueous environment, and capable of releasing attractive substances that are able to attract aquatic organisms of interest in the same aqueous environment.
In the fishing sector, in particular the industrial one, there exists a need for a replacement of natural baits with baits of different origin. In fact, since natural baits are constituted by organisms that must in turn be bred or caught, they represent an important element of cost. Moreover, if they do not come from a breeding centre, their use represent a contribution to the impoverishment of the stock of fish, which is currently being significantly eroded on account of intensive fishing on an industrial scale.
The problem above is now solved according to the present invention by biodegradable artificial baits, obtained by biodegradable compositions substantially insoluble in an aqueous environment and capable of releasing attractive substances that are able to attract aquatic organisms in such aqueous environment.
The biodegradable artificial bait according to the present invention comprises a composition comprising at least one biodegradable substance of renewable origin, at least one biodegradable (co)polymer of synthetic origin, and at least one attractive biodegradable substance that is able to attract aquatic organisms.
In the composition according to the present invention the biodegradable substance of renewable origin is present in an amount of from 10 to 90 wt%, preferably from 20 to 80 wt%, and still more preferably from 30 to 70 wt%. The substance of renewable origin comprises natural polymers that are able to become thermoplastic in suitable conditions of temperature and in the presence of plastifϊers. Said natural polymers comprise, for example, starches, modified starches, alginates, lignins, celluloses, modified celluloses, etc.
In a particularly preferred embodiment, the substance of renewable origin is starch. In particular, the starch can derive from potato, rice, tapioca, maize, peas, wheat, and the like. Potato starch or maize starch is preferred. The starch can be also modified either chemically or physically.
The composition moreover contains at least one biodegradable thermoplastic (co)polymer of synthetic origin.
The biodegradable thermoplastic (co)polymers that can be used as components of the artificial baits according to the invention are chosen among the following classes: a) biodegradable polymers of synthetic origin or obtained by fermentation, in particular polyesters such as homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic hydroxyacids having from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, or of the corresponding lactones or lactides, such as, for example: - poly(epsilon) caprolactone, its grafted or block copolymers, the products of reaction of caprolactone oligomers or polymers with aromatic or aliphatic isocyanates, copolymers with lactic acid, with glycolic acid, with poly-hydroxybutyrate and poly- hydroxybutyrate-valerate; polymers of lactic acid or of lactide, polymers of glycolic acid or of polyglycolide, copolymers of lactic acid or of glycolic acid; long-chain, medium-chain, and short-chain polyhydroxyalkanoates such as, for example, poly-hydroxybutyrates (e.g. poly-hydroxybutyrate-valerateP), polyhydroxyhexanoates, polyhydroxyoctanoates, polyhydroxydecanoates, and copolymers with other polyesters; b) polyesters derived from bifunctional acids and aliphatic diols, such as, for example: aliphatic or aliphatic-aromatic polyesters such as polyalkylene adipates, polyalkylene succinates, polyalkylene azelates, polyalkylene sebacates, and polyalkylene brassilates, possibly copolymerized with aliphatic or aromatic isocyanates possibly increased in weight by means of chain extenders; such as, for example, polyethylene adipate, polybutylene adipate, polyethylene adipate-co-terephthalate, polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate, polyethylene succinate, polybutylene succinate, polybutylene succinate-co-adipate, polyethylene azelate, polybutylene azelate, polyethylene sebacate, polybutylene sebacate, polyethylene sebacate-co- terephthalate, polybutylene sebacate-co-terephthalate, polyethylene brassilate, and polybutylene brassilate; c) polymers that are able to interact with starch by complexing it, i.e., polymers containing hydrophilic groups interspersed in hydrophobic sequences such as: ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers containing up to 50 wt%, preferably 10-44 wt%, of ethylene units, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers oxidized or terminated with fatty acids or grafted with polycaprolactone or modified with acrylic or methacrylic monomers and/or pyridinium; ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, even partially hydrolized; ethylene-acrylic ester copolymers; ethylene-acrylic ester-maleic anhydride terpolymers or ethylene-vinyl acetate- glycidyl methacrylate terpolymers; ethylene copolymers with unsaturated acids such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, itaconic acid, maleic anhydride, etc., in particular ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers containing 5-50 mol%, and preferably 10-30 mol%, of units deriving from acrylic acid; terpolymers of ethylene and vinyl acetate hydrolized totally or partially with acrylic acid or methacrylic acid or crotonic acid or itaconic acid;
6-6, 6-9 or 12 aliphatic polyamides, aliphatic polyurethanes, random or block polyurethane-polyamide, polyurethane-polyether, polyurethane-polyester, polyamide-polyester, polyamide-polyether, polyester-polyether copolymers; polycaprolactone-urethane, where the size block of polycaprolactone is between 300 and 3000 units of molecular weight and where the isocyanates used are MDI
(methylen-diphenyl diisocyanate), toluene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate. d) polymers selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol in the various degrees of hydrolysis, optionally modified with acrylates or methacrylates, polyvinyl alcohol previously plastified or modified in order to lower the melting point, optionally containing gelling agents such as boric acid, borates or phosphates, copolymers of vinyl acetate in the various degrees of hydrolysis with vinyl pyrrolidone or styrene, polyethyloxazoline, polyvinyl pyridine; or polymers capable to form hydrogen bonds with starch.
Particularly preferred is an alkenolic homopolymer and/or alkenolic copolymer in an amount of from 10 to 90 wt% with respect to the composition, preferably from 10 to 40 wt%. The preferred alkenolic homopolymer is polyvinyl alcohol, in particular with a degree of hydrolysis of between 80 and 99 mol%, preferably between 90 and 99 mol%, and still more preferably between 96 and 99 mol%.
The composition moreover contains attractive biodegradable substances of natural or synthetic origin that are able to attract aquatic organisms of interest in an amount of from 1 to 30 wt%, advantageously from 1 to 15 wt%. Amongst the attractive substances of natural origin, particularly preferred are extracts of yeast, oligopeptides, mixtures of oligopeptides, amino acids, mixtures of amino acids or combinations thereof. Extracts of yeasts are particularly preferred. The preferred yeast is Saccharomyces Cerevisiae. The attractive substances of natural origin mentioned above may be used as such to attract aquatic organisms, even if not in the form of baits. Also in this case extracts of yeasts are particularly preferred. The preferred yeast is Saccharomyces Cerevisiae.
The composition can moreover contain additional elements such as plastifiers, colouring agents, fillers, lubricating agents, nucleating agents, animal and vegetable fats, inorganic salts, detaching agents, vegetable gelatins, additives in general.
Advantageously, the composition contains at least one plastifier, i.e., a substance that can be incorporated in the material in order to increase the flexibility and processability thereof or to reduce the viscosity of the melt or reduce the elasticity modulus of the product. The term "plastifier" includes all known types of plastifiers, whether solvent ones or non-solvent ones. The composition can contain at least one plastifier in an amount of from 5 to 50 wt%, preferably from 5 to 30 wt%. The preferred plastifier for starch-based compositions is water. The artificial bait according to the present invention is insoluble in an aqueous environment, i.e., it looses less than 20 wt%, preferably less than 10 wt% and still more preferably less than 5 wt% when it is left for 24 h in an aqueous environment at a temperature lower than 100C. The artificial bait according to the present invention can be present in the form of extrudate, in the injection-moulded form, in the form of sheet, film, mesh, fibre and combinations thereof. The bait can be used in different shapes according to the different fishing techniques, particularly in the form of complex structures that are able to optimize the volume/surface ratio for controlling the kinetics of release. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the artificial bait according to the present invention has the form of a meshlike container containing extruded granules. Said embodiment is particularly advantageous in fishing techniques where traps are used where the aim is to catch the fish alive without the use of hooks. In the case of multibait systems, particularly advantageous are instead injection-moulded articles with shapes suitable for controlling release.
The compositions described above can be processed in conditions known to the person skilled of the sector. In a particularly preferred process the compositions are mixed and brought up to the melting point in an extruder to yield an extrudate that can be used as such (in the form of "spaghetti", flat strips, sectional strips, fine tubes, pellets) or in turn reprocessed, for example by injection moulding. Example 1
A composition containing: - maize starch 57% - PVOH Lamovil CI 179
(degree of hydrolysis 98.5-99.2%) 21%
- Water 15%
- Yeast extract in powder form (aroma) (Gistex Standard Powder, Chimab) 7% was fed into a two-screw extruder L/D 35 + XLT working at 170 r.p.m. and with the following temperature profile (degrees centigrade) 30-90-130-140-150x2-160x2-140-110x6.
The processing capacity was 10.1 kg/h.
The granules obtained were then tested as regards their solubility in water and release of aroma in an aqueous environment.
Solubility in water
A specimen of approximately 12 g of granules, containing 10 wt% of water, was put into 1.5 1 of water and kept stirred for 24h. At the end of the treatment the specimen was collected, dried in a ventilated stove at a temperature of 500C to eliminate the surface water, and weighed, and the water content thereof was determined. The loss in weight between the start and the end of the treatment was approximately 4.1 wt%. Such value was obtained by applying the following formula:
(dry weight of specimen at start of treatment) - (dry weight of specimen at the end of treatment)
(dry weight of specimen at start of treatment)
Test for release of aroma
A specimen of approximately 50 g of granules was put into 1.5 1 of water containing 3.5% of NaCl, thermostated at 4-6°C and kept under stirring for 24 h. In the course of the 24 h various specimens of the aqueous solution were taken and analysed with a UV-VIS spectrophotometer (Cary IE Varian model) to determine the absorbance thereof at 280 nm. The values of absorbance, correlated via the Lambert-Beer law to the concentration of the aroma in the solution, are given in the table below.
Figure imgf000007_0001

Claims

1. Biodegradable artificial bait comprising a biodegradable composition that is substantially insoluble in an aqueous environment and is able to release attractive substances capable to attract aquatic organisms of interest in the same aqueous environment.
2. Biodegradable artificial bait according to Claim 1, characterized by comprising a composition comprising at least one biodegradable substance of renewable origin, at least one synthetic polymer and at least one substance that is attractive to aquatic organisms.
3. Biodegradable artificial bait according to Claim 2, characterized in that said substance of renewable origin is a natural polymer that capable to become thermoplastic under the effect of a suitable temperature and of plastifiers.
4. Biodegradable artificial bait according to Claim 3, characterized in that said substance of renewable origin is selected from the group consisting of starches, modified starches, alginates, lignins, celluloses, and modified celluloses.
5. Biodegradable artificial bait according to Claim 4, characterized in that said substance of renewable origin is starch.
6. Biodegradable artificial bait according to Claim 5, characterized in that said starch is present in an amount of from 10 to 90 wt% of the composition.
7. Biodegradable artificial bait according to Claim 6, characterized in that said starch is present in an amount of from 20 to 80 wt% of the composition.
8. Biodegradable artificial bait according to Claim 7, characterized in that said starch is present in an amount of from 30 to 70 wt% of the composition.
9. Biodegradable artificial bait according to any of Claims 5-8, characterized in that said starch is potato or maize starch.
10. Biodegradable artificial bait according to one or more of the preceding claims, in which the synthetic polymer is chosen from among: biodegradable polymers of synthetic origin or obtained by fermentation, in particular polyesters, such as homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic hydroxyacids having from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, or of the corresponding lactones or latexes; polyesters derived from bifunctional acids and aliphatic diols; polymers that are able to interact with the starch complexing it, or else polymers containing hydrophilic groups interspersed in hydrophobic sequences; polymers that are able to form hydrogen bonds with starch; or polymers selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol in the various degrees of hydrolysis, optionally modified with acrylates or methacrylates, polyvinyl alcohol previously plastified or modified in order to lower the melting point, optionally containing gelling agents such as boric acid, borates or phosphates, copolymers of vinyl acetate in the various degrees of hydrolysis with vinyl pyrrolidone or styrene, polyethyloxazoline, polyvinyl pyridine.
11. Biodegradable artificial bait according to Claim 10, characterized in that said synthetic polymer is a soluble polymer of the alkenolic homopolymer/copolymer type.
12. Biodegradable artificial bait according to Claim 11, characterized in that said alkenolic homopolymer/copolymer is polyvinyl alcohol.
13. Biodegradable artificial bait according to Claim 12, characterized in that said polyvinyl alcohol has a degree of hydrolysis of between 70 and 99 mol%.
14. Biodegradable artificial bait according to Claim 13, characterized in that said polyvinyl alcohol has a degree of hydrolysis of between 80 and 99 mol%.
15. Biodegradable artificial bait according to Claim 14, characterized in that said polyvinyl alcohol has a degree of hydrolysis of between 96 and 99 mol%.
16. Biodegradable artificial bait according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said composition contains a weight percentage comprised between 1 and 30 wt% of attractive substances of natural or synthetic origin that are able to attract aquatic organisms.
17. Biodegradable artificial bait according to claim 16, characterized in that the amount of said attractive substances is comprised between 1 and 15 wt%.
18. B biodegradable artificial bait according to Claim 16, characterized in that said attractive substances of natural origin are selected from the group consisting of extracts of yeast, oligopeptides, mixtures of oligopeptides, amino acids, mixtures of amino acids or their combinations.
19. Biodegradable artificial bait according to Claim 18, characterized in that said attractive substances of natural origin are extracts of yeast.
20. Biodegradable artificial bait according to Claim 19, characterized in that said yeast is Saccharomyce Cerevisiae.
21. Biodegradable artificial bait according to any one of the preceding claims, in the form of extrudate, injection-moulded product, sheet, film, mesh, fibres, and combinations thereof in complex structures for the purpose of optimizing the volume/surface ratio for controlling the kinetics of release.
22. Biodegradable artificial bait according to Claim 21, in the form of a meshlike container containing extruded granules.
23. Biodegradable artificial bait according to Claim 21, in the injection-moulded form with forms suitable for controlling release and applicable to multibait systems.
24. Use of attractive substances of natural or synthetic origin in order to attract aquatic organisms.
25. Use according to claim 24, characterized in that said attractive substances of natural origin are extracts of yeast , oligopeptides, mixtures of oligopeptides, amino acids, mixtures of amino acids or their combination.
26. Use according to claim 25, characterized in that said attractive substances are extracts ofyeast.
27. Use according to claim 26, characterized in that said yeast is Saccharomyces
Cerevisiae.
PCT/EP2006/070188 2005-12-23 2006-12-22 Biodegradable artificial baits WO2007071791A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

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NO20083253A NO346700B1 (en) 2005-12-23 2006-12-22 Biodegradable artificial baits
EP06830824A EP1978822A1 (en) 2005-12-23 2006-12-22 Biodegradable artificial baits

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ITMI2005A002483 2005-12-23
IT002483A ITMI20052483A1 (en) 2005-12-23 2005-12-23 BIODEGRADABLE LURES

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130018124A1 (en) * 2010-01-25 2013-01-17 Queensbrook Limited Process to make biodegradable a synthetic polymer
ITMI20111680A1 (en) * 2011-09-19 2013-03-20 Novamont Spa COATING COMPOSITIONS FOR PAPER SUBSTRATES.
WO2013041561A1 (en) * 2011-09-19 2013-03-28 Novamont S.P.A. Stable aqueous dispersions comprising complexed starch
WO2015191136A1 (en) * 2014-06-11 2015-12-17 CRUSHtacean, Inc. Synthetic bait for attracting marine organisms
EP3854219A1 (en) * 2020-01-24 2021-07-28 New Project S.r.l. Edible and water-soluble chewable toy for animals, in particular for the release of active ingredients

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ITMI20052483A1 (en) 2007-06-24

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