WO2007068054A1 - Cross-axis wind turbine energy converter - Google Patents
Cross-axis wind turbine energy converter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007068054A1 WO2007068054A1 PCT/AU2006/001900 AU2006001900W WO2007068054A1 WO 2007068054 A1 WO2007068054 A1 WO 2007068054A1 AU 2006001900 W AU2006001900 W AU 2006001900W WO 2007068054 A1 WO2007068054 A1 WO 2007068054A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- wind
- energy converter
- turbine
- converter apparatus
- wind energy
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
- F03D80/60—Cooling or heating of wind motors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
- B01D5/0003—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation by using heat-exchange surfaces for indirect contact between gases or vapours and the cooling medium
- B01D5/0024—Rotating vessels or vessels containing movable parts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/28—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being a pump or a compressor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2260/00—Function
- F05B2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a wind energy converter apparatus.
- Cross-axis turbines are also known, where the turbine axis is perpendicular to the wind direction. With such an arrangement, the turbine is able to operate equally well regardless of wind direction.
- Cross-axis turbines may be arranged vertically, horizontally or at an incline.
- Cross-axis turbines may also be arranged in a bank, to increase power output and/or to alter the properties of wind passing through.
- Wind turbines are known for extracting kinetic energy from wind and converting to mechanical or electrical energy. It is also proposed that wind turbines may be used as part of an apparatus for condensing water from air.
- the present invention attempts to provide a wind energy converter which is advantageous in at least some applications in comparison to known wind turbines.
- a wind energy converter apparatus characterised by comprising an incoming wind guide, at least one cross-axis wind turbine, a wind containing region and a wind outlet, wherein incoming wind air is directed through the guide to the wind turbine and then into the wind containing region, the air subsequently travelling through the wind outlet to leave the apparatus.
- the wind containing region is cooled, for instance such that moisture in the air can be precipitated in the wind containing region.
- the blades of the turbine are refrigerated to assist in the cooling of the air.
- the wind outlet is vertically displaced from the turbine.
- Figure 1 is a plan view of a wind energy converter in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 2 is a plan view of a wind energy converter in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 3 is a partial cross sectional view of a wind energy converter in accordance with the present invention.
- Figure 4 is a plan view of a wind energy converter in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 5 is a plan view of a wind energy converter in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 6 is a plan view of a wind energy converter in accordance with a fifth embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 7 is a plan view of a wind energy converter in accordance with a sixth embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 7a is a side elevation of the apparatus of Figure 7;
- Figure 8 is a plan view of a wind energy converter in accordance with a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 9 is a cross sectional schematic view of a first embodiment of a turbine used within the present invention.
- Figure 10 is a cross sectional schematic view of a the turbine of Figure 9 with a screw compressor
- Figure 11 is a cross sectional schematic view of a the turbine of Figure 9 with a flexible compression chamber
- Figure 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pair of turbines such as that of
- Figure 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the turbines of Figure 12 linked with a further pair of non-cooled turbines;
- Figure 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an alternative embodiment of a pair of turbines used in the present invention.
- Figure 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another alternative turbine for use in the present invention.
- Figure 16 is a schematic plan view of a first alternative vane arrangement for use in the present invention.
- Figure 17 is a schematic plan view of a second alternative vane arrangement for use in the present invention.
- Figure 18 is a schematic plan view of a third alternative vane arrangement for use in the present invention.
- FIG. 1 a wind energy converter apparatus 10.
- the wind energy converter apparatus 10 has a substantially V-shaped incoming wind guide 12, which acts to direct incoming air into a mouth 14 of a bulbous shaped wind containing region 16.
- Two wind turbines 18 are located at the mouth 14 of the wind containing region 16.
- the turbines 18 are contra-rotating, vertical-axis turbines.
- each turbine 18 has 3 curved blades 20.
- the blades 20 each have a radius of curvature slightly less than that of the turbine 18.
- the blades are curved in a direction so as to be propelled by wind directed between the two turbines 18, and to provide minimal resistance at the lee side of each turbine.
- the blades 20 are arranged such that the nominal line of intersection of the blades is offset from the turbine axis in a windward direction. This assists some incoming wind to spill inwardly of the blades 20.
- the blades 20 are straight blades mounted at an angle about a central cylinder.
- the blades are aligned such that the cylinders defined by the sweep of the blades 20 about the two turbines 18 are tangential, meeting at a central line 22.
- Figure 2 also shows further four-blade turbine sections which may be used.
- the wind energy converter apparatus 10 is shown in partial cross section in Figure 3.
- the wind containing region 16 has a wind outlet 24 at a lower end thereof.
- the wind outlet 24 is vertically displaced below the turbines 18.
- the wind containing region 16 has upper and lower wind outlets 24, vertically displaced above and below the turbines 18.
- the wind containing region 16 has a rear wall 17 which is cooled by suitable means.
- the rear wall 17 has a hydrophobic, non-wettable coating such that water droplets condensing on the surface have a high contact angle and readily drain down to a collecting duct.
- a suitable surface is that described by Zhiguang Goo et al in the Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2005, VoI 127, Pages 1570-1571.
- the axial length of the turbines 18 is large compared to their diameter.
- the axial length of the turbines 18 is two to three times their diameter. This design provides a high rotation rate and at the same time exposes a large proportion of the air to the surface of the turbine blades. It will be appreciated that numerous other configurations of turbines 18 within the wind containing region 18 may be used.
- the wind energy converter 10 is geared to a mechanically driven device 25 such as a generator or compressor.
- the gearing is such that a high revolution rate is generated in the device 25.
- Figure 4 shows an embodiment of the present invention wherein each of the two turbines 18 are formed from a pair of vertical axles 24, with blades 20 being mounted on chains 26 mounted on wheels located adjacent the top and bottom of the axles 24.
- the axles 24 are offset such that the two turbines 18 are in a V-shaped configuration.
- Figure 5 shows a further embodiment of the present invention similar to that shown in Figure 4.
- each turbine 18 has a refrigerating plate 28 extending between the axles 24.
- the turbine blades 20 are mounted on chains or belts 29, thus allowing air to pass through the turbine 18 and over the refrigerating plate 28.
- the refrigerating plate also assists to divert wind from the blades 20 returning upwind.
- Figure 6 shows a further embodiment of the invention.
- the wind energy converter has three pairs of incoming wind guides 12, each directing wind to a set of two contra-rotating turbines 18.
- the six turbines 18 all feed air in turn to a single wind containing region 16.
- Figure 6a shows a variation of the embodiment of Figure 6.
- the apparatus comprises a condensation tunnel 19. Air from two centre turbines 18 leads into the tunnel 19. There are four outside turbines 18 which are used for power only.
- the turbines 18 drive a refrigeration compressor by means of a common shaft such as by gears.
- the tunnel 19 may be in the form of a wind vane to keep the turbines 18 facing the wind. Additional photovoltaic powered refrigeration may be desirable to produce very cold spots in the tunnel 19.
- the condensation tunnel 19 contains tubes 21 which are refrigerated by the refrigeration compressor discussed above.
- the two centre turbines 18 may have refrigerated blades.
- Figure 7 shows still a further embodiment of the invention.
- the wind energy converter has a V-shaped array of turbines 18 extending from the mouth 14 inwardly of the wind containing region 16.
- the turbines 18 are arranged such that all turbines on one 'arm' of the V-shape rotate in one direction, and all turbines on the other arm rotate in the other direction.
- the turbines 18 may or may not be mechanically linked.
- air is directed via the incoming wind guides 12 through the turbines 18.
- the turbines 18 act to convert kinetic energy from the air into mechanical energy. This mechanical energy may then be used for suitable purposes, for instance to power a refrigeration cycle.
- the refrigeration cycle may in turn be used to cool air in the wind containing region 16, for instance by cooling the walls of the wind containing region.
- An example of such an arrangement is shown in Figure 8.
- the wind energy converter 10 of Figure 8 includes two contra-rotating turbines 18 which are arranged to drive a refrigeration compressor (not shown). On the down-wind side of the turbines 18 two vanes 30 extend inwardly of the wind containing region 16. The vanes 30 are refrigerated by means of the compressor.
- Water contained in the air thus condenses on the vanes 30, and can be recovered by suitable means.
- the present invention envisages that refrigeration of the turbine blades 20 will greatly assist in the removal of heat from incoming air.
- Various means of refrigerating the turbine blades 18 are proposed.
- Figure 9 shows a turbine 18 having a compressor 32 at an upper end thereof.
- the compressor 32 is connected to a circular condenser 34 by means of pipes 37.
- the condenser 34 is arranged to release heat above the turbine 18 outside the internal air flow.
- a one-way valve 35 prevents refrigerant from flowing back into the turbines 18.
- Each of the turbine blades 20 includes a refrigerant flow path 36 passing therethrough.
- the turbine 18 has a hollow axle 24 through which refrigerant may flow to the ends of flow paths 36 and then up to the compressor 32 so that compressed refrigerant enters the condenser 34.
- the compressor 32 and condenser 34 each rotate with the turbine blades 20. As a result, a refrigerant cycle can be hermetically sealed.
- a pipe 39 leads from the condenser 34 to the turbine blades 20 so as to feed compressed refrigerant into the blades 20 through a constriction.
- the compressor 32 has a flexible top 41.
- a track 43 is mounted on the top 41.
- the track 43 has an uneven profile.
- a pair of undulant idler wheels 45 are mounted above and in contact with the track 43.
- the wheels 45 are mounted on a fixed axle 47.
- the compressor 32 rotates the top 41 thereof is compressed when the wheels 45 engage with higher portions of the track 43 and expands when the wheels 45 engage with the lower portions of the track 43. In this way the compressor 32 acts to compress refrigerant contained therein before the refrigerant is fed to the condenser 34.
- the compressor 32 may be a screw compressor 32 as shown in Figure 10.
- the compressor 32 has an outer condensing coil 38, which is connected via a constrictor 40 into hollow blades 20.
- the hollow blades 20 each have a refrigerant return path 36 through which refrigerant is returned to the base of the compressor 32. Expanded refrigerant flows from the return path 36 into the beginning of an internal spiralling screw 42.
- the screw 42 is supported by internal bearings 44, and coupled to a drive gear 46.
- the drive gear 46 is driven by a satellite gear 48, which in turn is driven by an internal ring gear 50 mounted to the compressor 32.
- the gearing arrangement causes the screw 42 to rotate at a much greater speed, compressing the refrigerant.
- the compressor 32 may be formed from a flexible compression chamber 52 as shown in Figure 11.
- the flexible compression chamber 52 is mounted to a rod 54, which in turn is eccentrically mounted to a vertical shaft 56.
- the eccentric mounting of the rod 54 causes its lower end to move vertically, thus in turn expanding and collapsing the compression chamber 52.
- the compression chamber 52 thus acts as a bellows for the compression of refrigerant.
- the turbine 18 has a flexible compression chamber 52 both above and below, with refrigerant returning to the compression chambers 52 via a hollow axle 24 with one-way valves 35 disposed at either end.
- the compressed refrigerant is fed to the turbine blades 20 through a constriction.
- the flexible compression chamber may also be operated by a push rod 58 eccentrically mounted to a horizontal shaft 60.
- a push rod 58 eccentrically mounted to a horizontal shaft 60 Such an arrangement is shown in Figure 12.
- two turbines 18 are shown mounted to the same horizontal shafts 60, with gears 62 arranged to permit their contra-rotation.
- two further turbines 18 are coupled to the shafts 60.
- the additional turbines are not refrigerated, and merely act as an additional source of power. It will be appreciated that appropriate wind capture arrangements allow for cooled air to be separated from uncooled air down-stream of the turbines 18. It will be understood that the use of additional wind turbines for additional power generation can be achieved in many different configurations.
- two cross-axis turbines 18 are located along a common axle 24, however only one of the turbines 18 is cooled.
- cooling is achieved by use of a scroll compressor 62.
- the scroll compressor 62 is mounted on a planetary gear arrangement 64 which causes an internal cylindrical element 66 to 'wobble' at a high speed, compressing the refrigerant against an outer wall.
- various other means of cooling the blades 20 are envisaged, such as the use of a ' centrifugal compressor, as shown in simple form in Figure 15. It will be appreciated that the arrangement of Figure 15 might have to be altered to induce higher rotational speeds in the compressor portion.
- the means for cooling blades may vary in relation to the number of turbines 18 within the wind energy converter 10, and whether or not the turbines 18 are mechanically linked.
- Blade arrangements may be used with any of the embodiments described above.
- One such blade arrangement is shown in plan view in Figure 16.
- Each of the blades 20 are curved with a relatively large radius of curvature, and are spaced from a central axle 24 so as to allow air to flow through the centre from the downwind blade side of the turbine 18 to the upwind side, thus providing additional power.
- Another blade arrangement is shown in Figure 17.
- the arrangement of Figure 17 includes fixed wind deflectors 70 mounted circumferentially about the turbine 18.
- each turbine 18 comprises two substantially flat blades 20, curved at outer ends. Air passes between the two blades 20, providing power to both down-wind and up-wind portions.
- the arrangement of Figure 18 shows a plurality of turbines 18 arranged in a bank, with wind guides 12 as described above.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2006324389A AU2006324389A1 (en) | 2005-12-16 | 2006-12-15 | Cross-axis wind turbine energy converter |
EP06828012A EP1969230A1 (en) | 2005-12-16 | 2006-12-15 | Cross-axis wind turbine energy converter |
EA200801550A EA200801550A1 (en) | 2005-12-16 | 2006-12-15 | ENERGY CONVERTER TYPE OF WIND TURBINE WITH TRANSVERSE AXLE |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2005907088 | 2005-12-16 | ||
AU2005907088A AU2005907088A0 (en) | 2005-12-16 | Wind energy converter |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2007068054A1 true WO2007068054A1 (en) | 2007-06-21 |
Family
ID=38162483
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/AU2006/001900 WO2007068054A1 (en) | 2005-12-16 | 2006-12-15 | Cross-axis wind turbine energy converter |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1969230A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2006324389A1 (en) |
EA (1) | EA200801550A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007068054A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7886547B2 (en) | 2008-05-28 | 2011-02-15 | Sullivan Shaun E | Machines and methods for removing water from air |
WO2013104382A1 (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2013-07-18 | Don Mirko | Wind energy converter |
WO2017170663A1 (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2017-10-05 | 国立大学法人鹿児島大学 | Savonius wind power generation device and control method therefor |
BE1024273B1 (en) * | 2016-06-09 | 2018-01-16 | De Raeve Naamloze Vennootschap | Device for converting wind power into electrical energy. |
CN110500237A (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2019-11-26 | 许金朝 | A kind of wind energy conversion system on mobile object |
WO2021094779A1 (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2021-05-20 | Global Partnerships Ltd | Improvements in or relating to heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2701664C1 (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-10-01 | Николай Васильевич Ясаков | Multi-rotor wind-driven unit |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4433552A (en) * | 1982-05-20 | 1984-02-28 | Smith Raymond H | Apparatus and method for recovering atmospheric moisture |
US5729981A (en) * | 1993-10-09 | 1998-03-24 | Markus; Wolfgang | Method and apparatus for extracting water |
US6308521B1 (en) * | 1999-05-21 | 2001-10-30 | Leonid Eylman | Universal power generator utilizing wind flow of liquid for the manufacturing of water from humid air |
FR2833044A1 (en) * | 2001-12-04 | 2003-06-06 | Marc Hugues Noel Parent | Wind-powered thermodynamic reactor for collecting moisture from air has single refrigeration circuit to cool evaporator and condense water vapours |
WO2003064852A1 (en) * | 2002-01-25 | 2003-08-07 | Wind Harvest Company | Coupled vortex vertical axis wind turbine |
WO2004109102A1 (en) * | 2003-06-05 | 2004-12-16 | Intec Power Systems Limited | Generator |
WO2006017888A1 (en) * | 2004-08-16 | 2006-02-23 | Water Un Limited | Apparatus and method for cooling of air |
-
2006
- 2006-12-15 AU AU2006324389A patent/AU2006324389A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-12-15 EA EA200801550A patent/EA200801550A1/en unknown
- 2006-12-15 EP EP06828012A patent/EP1969230A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-12-15 WO PCT/AU2006/001900 patent/WO2007068054A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4433552A (en) * | 1982-05-20 | 1984-02-28 | Smith Raymond H | Apparatus and method for recovering atmospheric moisture |
US5729981A (en) * | 1993-10-09 | 1998-03-24 | Markus; Wolfgang | Method and apparatus for extracting water |
US6308521B1 (en) * | 1999-05-21 | 2001-10-30 | Leonid Eylman | Universal power generator utilizing wind flow of liquid for the manufacturing of water from humid air |
FR2833044A1 (en) * | 2001-12-04 | 2003-06-06 | Marc Hugues Noel Parent | Wind-powered thermodynamic reactor for collecting moisture from air has single refrigeration circuit to cool evaporator and condense water vapours |
WO2003064852A1 (en) * | 2002-01-25 | 2003-08-07 | Wind Harvest Company | Coupled vortex vertical axis wind turbine |
WO2004109102A1 (en) * | 2003-06-05 | 2004-12-16 | Intec Power Systems Limited | Generator |
WO2006017888A1 (en) * | 2004-08-16 | 2006-02-23 | Water Un Limited | Apparatus and method for cooling of air |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7886547B2 (en) | 2008-05-28 | 2011-02-15 | Sullivan Shaun E | Machines and methods for removing water from air |
WO2013104382A1 (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2013-07-18 | Don Mirko | Wind energy converter |
WO2017170663A1 (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2017-10-05 | 国立大学法人鹿児島大学 | Savonius wind power generation device and control method therefor |
BE1024273B1 (en) * | 2016-06-09 | 2018-01-16 | De Raeve Naamloze Vennootschap | Device for converting wind power into electrical energy. |
CN110500237A (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2019-11-26 | 许金朝 | A kind of wind energy conversion system on mobile object |
WO2021094779A1 (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2021-05-20 | Global Partnerships Ltd | Improvements in or relating to heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EA200801550A1 (en) | 2008-12-30 |
AU2006324389A1 (en) | 2007-06-21 |
EP1969230A1 (en) | 2008-09-17 |
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