WO2007068034A1 - Tableau de bord - Google Patents

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Publication number
WO2007068034A1
WO2007068034A1 PCT/AU2006/001873 AU2006001873W WO2007068034A1 WO 2007068034 A1 WO2007068034 A1 WO 2007068034A1 AU 2006001873 W AU2006001873 W AU 2006001873W WO 2007068034 A1 WO2007068034 A1 WO 2007068034A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fastening system
fastener
engagement
fasteners
instrument housing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU2006/001873
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Dickory Rudduck
Lee David Blattmann
Steven Karl Brown
Original Assignee
Telezygology Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2005906986A external-priority patent/AU2005906986A0/en
Application filed by Telezygology Inc. filed Critical Telezygology Inc.
Priority to EP06817606A priority Critical patent/EP1960676A4/fr
Publication of WO2007068034A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007068034A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
    • B60K35/50—Instruments characterised by their means of attachment to or integration in the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
    • B60K35/60—Instruments characterised by their location or relative disposition in or on vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D43/00—Arrangements or adaptations of instruments
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/0001—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
    • E05B47/0009—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof with thermo-electric actuators, e.g. heated bimetals
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B65/00—Locks or fastenings for special use
    • E05B65/006—Locks or fastenings for special use for covers or panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B21/00—Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings
    • F16B21/06—Releasable fastening devices with snap-action
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B2200/00—Constructional details of connections not covered for in other groups of this subclass
    • F16B2200/77—Use of a shape-memory material

Definitions

  • This invention is concerned with improvements in instrument panels.
  • Instruments such as fuel gauges, speedometers, tachometers and so on are usually mounted in a housing. Most frequently, a plurality of instruments is provided in an instrument cluster housing, the housing being designed to accommodate the various instruments. Conventionally, the instrument housing is fixed to the vehicle by fasteners, such as screws. The screw heads are then hidden under an appropriate trim for the instrument housing.
  • the present invention is based upon the concept that it is now possible to use a new type of fastener for an instrument panel, instrument cluster, centre stack, housing or instrument, such as a DVD player. For convenience, the word "housing" will be used to denote these and similar applications.
  • the new type of fastener can be hidden and does not require external access to fix or release. Consequently, the need for a separate trim panel can be eliminated. This, in turn, can free up design concepts and change the approach for automotive dashboard design. Obviously, the invention can also have similar effects in other industries.
  • this invention provides a fastening system for an instrument housing, the system including a plurality of fasteners, each fastener including: a) actuating means including a material adapted to contract when activated; b) bias means; and c) a flexible core located between the actuating means and the bias means, the flexible core having an engagement means; wherein the engagement means is moveable upon contraction of the material between a position in which the engagement means engages the instrument housing and a position in which the engagement means disengages the instrument housing, and whereas the bias means biases the flexible core to the engagement position. . .
  • the instrument housing may be made of any suitable material and of any suitable shape or configuration, such that it is capable of being engaged in the appropriate way by the engagement means.
  • the housing may have a rim or flange suitable for engagement by the engagement means.
  • the housing may be that on a vehicle dashboard, or an element associated with an instrument or an instrument itself.
  • the flexible core substantially insulates the actuating means from the bias means.
  • the flexible core is made of a suitable plastic material and that the bias means is a steel leaf spring.
  • the invention is not limited to these embodiments, however.
  • the actuating means is preferably a punched shape memory alloy profile. Examples are shown in the drawings. However, it is within the scope of the invention that the actuating means includes or comprises one or more strands or wires of smart material, or is otherwise of a different construction to those shown in the drawings.
  • shape memory The smart materials with which this invention is concerned are those known as "shape memory” materials.
  • shape memory Currently, the best known of these is a shape memory alloy, predominantly or wholly made of titanium and nickel, but which may also include other material, such as aluminium, zinc and copper.
  • Such a shape memory alloy is capable of adopting one shape below a predetermined transition temperature and changing to a second shape once its temperature exceeds the transition temperature. Conversely, when the shape memory alloy cools below the transition temperature, it is capable of adopting the first shape again. While this invention encompasses use of the shape memory alloy referred to above, it is not limited to this material. It is contemplated that other suitable materials may exist now or may come into existence in the future which can be substituted for the shape memory alloy.
  • the material which contracts when activated is a shape memory material which, when sufficient energy in the form of an electrical current is applied, heats to or above a temperature at which the material shrinks by about 3 to 5%.
  • the actuating means can contract to move the engagement means away from engagement with the housing, thereby releasing the housing.
  • the fastener may assume the engagement position and the housing may be fastened again. If the system is required to work under relatively high ambient. temperatures, a high temperature ternary alloy shape memory material may be employed.
  • the engagements means may take any suitable form.
  • the engagement means may take the form of a projecting wedge which can key into a corresponding recess in. a wall of the housing or which can otherwise retain the housing in the desired configuration.
  • Other forms of the engagement means are within the scope of the invention.
  • the engagement means may be a peg, may include a groove or may take another form.
  • the engagement means When the engagement means is moved from the engagement position to the disengagement position, it may be moved in any suitable manner. For example, if the engagement means is located at one end of the core, movement of the engagement means from the engagement position to the disengagement position may describe an arc. As another example, contraction of the actuating means may cause the engagement means (and the core) to be moved axially, so that the engagement means moves out of engagement with any element which it would otherwise fasten.
  • the actuating means consists of or comprises shape memory alloy which contracts when activated by the application of an electrical current, to raise the temperature of the shape memory alloy to the appropriate temperature.
  • the shape- memory alloy material may be connected electrically in any suitable manner. It may be convenient to include a suitable microprocessor in any electrical connector, for operation of the fastener.
  • the fasteners may include means to insulate the fasteners, or part of them, thermally.
  • a suitable piece of insulation, or insulating layer may be applied to the actuating means or to another appropriate part of a fastener, to help control heat applied to the shape memory alloy.
  • a fastener, or part of it can form part of a circuit which can indicate whether the fastener in engaged or disengaged from the housing.
  • the bias means when in the preferred embodiment of a steel leaf spring may be designed to contact a conductive material on the housing to indicate whether the fastener is engaged or disengaged... When the leaf is in electrical contact with the conductive material, a circuit can be completed.
  • An enquiry can be made by applying current to the fastener, so that if the leaf is in electrical contact with the conductive material, a report can be sent that the fastener is engaged. Conversely, if the circuit cannot be completed because the leaf is not in contact with the conductive material, the report will indicate that the fastener is not engaged.
  • a current may be applied continually to each fastener, for a constant indication of whether each fastener is engaged or disengaged.
  • the fasteners may be 'controlled through a network, such as a controller area network (CA-N). Individual fasteners may be addressed (each fastener including an appropriate address means) and be engaged or disengaged in a desired sequence.
  • CA-N controller area network
  • the fastening system of the invention may be used to indicate tampering - especially in relation to costly instruments, such as global positioning by satellite instruments (GPS). For example, if a fastener is forced to disengage other than in an authorised way, the ' disengagement may be designed to prevent the instrument from operating.
  • GPS global positioning by satellite instruments
  • Power and/or data may be fed to the fasteners through an appropriate microprocessor, which may also include integrated sensors to detect ambient temperatures and shape memory alloy resistance changes, for example.
  • the microprocessor such as an ASIC controller PWA, may be able to log cycle count, user access codes and statistical data.
  • the invention further provides a fastening system in connection with an instrument housing, wherein the housing is biased toward engagement with the fastener.
  • the necessary bias may be provided by any suitable means, such as one or more pre-loaded springs, or pre-loaded foam.
  • Figure 1 is a front elevation of a first embodiment of a suitable fastener for use according to the invention
  • Figure 2 is a rear elevation of the same embodiment;
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is an exploded view of a second embodiment of a suitable fastener for use in accordance with the invention, similar in many respects to that of Figures 1 to 3;
  • FIGS 5, 6 and 7 show embodiments of engagement means;
  • Figures 8 and 9 show different embodiments of electrical connectors;
  • Figure 10 shows in side sectional view the fastener of Figures 1 to 3 in the rest position, ready for engagement
  • Figure 11 shows the same embodiment in the engagement or locked position
  • Figure 12 shows the same embodiment in the disengagement or fully actuated position
  • Figure 13 shows the same embodiment in the rectilinear position
  • Figure 14 is a sectional view of the system of the invention securing a housing, the housing assembly being biased with preloaded foam;
  • Figure 15 is a sectional view of the system of the invention securing a housing, the housing assembly being biased with preloaded springs;
  • Figure 16 is a sectional view of an embodiment of one of the fasteners having a tamperproof engagement means
  • Figure 17 is a sectional view of an embodiment of one of the fasteners having a wedge lock engagement means
  • Figure 18 is a sectional view of an embodiment of one of the fasteners having a contacts to detect the engaged position
  • Figure 19 shows integration of the fasteners into an instrument panel substrate and console chassis
  • Figures 20 and 21 show in conceptual form how a fastener for use in the invention may curl forward at rest, and may shrink axially as well as pull back when actuated.
  • fastener 10 having actuating means 12 made of shape memory alloy (SMA) material as a punched profile.
  • Bias means 14 a thin (less than 0.5mm) punched electroplated spring steel leaf, is located on one side of flexible core 16, while SMA profile 12 is located on the other side. This arrangement forms a sandwich, with SMA profile 12 being separated from leaf spring 14 by core 16.
  • Flexible core 16 is a 1 mm plastic moulding, produced by injection moulding and being made of 10% glass filled Nylon. Core 16 has, at one end, engagement means 18. As can be seen in Figure 3, engagement means 18 is in the form of a projecting wedge, which can key into or retain an element (see Figure 11, for example).
  • Wedge 18 is movable, upon contraction of the SMA profile 12, between an engagement position and a disengagement position.
  • Leaf spring. 14 biases the wedge 18 to a default engagement position, which is that shown in Figures 1 to 3 for this embodiment.
  • SMA profile 12 is shown in Figure 2 as having two legs 24 and 26, forming gap 28 between them.
  • Core 16 includes six moulded projections 30 and a six pairs of extensions 32, in both cases to secure profile 12 to core 16. Projections 30 and extensions 32 can permit profile 12 to slide relative to core 16 should contraction of profile 12 occur axially, as discussed further below.
  • Leaf spring 14 includes tang 20 which fits through an aperture (not visible in these Figures) in core 16 and into a complementary slot 22 in SMA profile 12.
  • Two gold flashed brass mounting pins 34 pass through each of leaf spring 14, core 16 and SMA profile 12.
  • Each pin 34 may be suitably insulated electrically from leaf spring 14, for example, by plastic clamping plate 36 (refer Figure 1).
  • Each pin 34 is connected electrically with SMA profile 12 by pressed gold flashed brass circular sleeves 38.
  • fastener 10 is held firmly together.
  • SMA profile 12 can have an equivalent strength of about fifty strands of 8/thousandth of an inch SMA wire. At 180 Mpa, SMA profile 12 can provide approximately 294 N of pulling force.
  • fastener 10 has SMA profile 12, leaf spring 14 and core 16.
  • SMA profile 12 has two legs 24 and 26, forming gap 28 between them.
  • Leaf spring 14 includes tang 20 which fits through aperture 40 in core 16 and into a complementary slot 22 in SMA profile 12. Part of core 16 is shown in cut away form so that projections 30 and extensions 32 can be seen.
  • core 16 may have other another form of engagement means, such as peg 46 (Figure 5), ramp 48 and groove 50 ( Figure 6) or "reverse wedge” 52 (Figure 7). These are some of many types of engagement means which may be suitable. Further examples are shown in Figures 16 to 18.
  • Mounting pins 34 in this embodiment include barbs 42 as well as electrical terminals 44. Barbs 42 help to secure the components of fastener 10. Mounting pins 34 pass through clamping plate 36, leaf spring 14 (through apertures 72), core 16 (through apertures 72) and SMA profile 12, before entering mount 54 to connect to electrical connector 56.
  • Connector 56 is shown with side cabling 58.
  • An alternate style of electrical connector is shown in Figure 9, where connector 60 has cabling 58 at the rear.
  • each leg 24 and 26 of SMA profile 12 has a tapered foot 62, designed to fit into slots 64 in connector 66, which has cabling 58 at the base,
  • FIGs 10 to 13 show integration of fastener 10 into an instrument panel detail.
  • fastener 10 is shown in the "at rest” position.
  • Leaf spring 14 is designed so that at rest it biases core 16 and SMA profile 12 upwards (with reference to the Figure).
  • Fastener 10 is attached to a suitable processor module 74.
  • fastener 10 is shown in the rectilinear position. Fastener 10 can pass through this position as it cools, to move from the disengaged position in Figure 12 to the engaged position in Figure 11.
  • Figure 13 also illustrates how fastener 10 may appear in the "at rest" position (in contrast to that in Figure 10) if spring leaf 14 has less bias.
  • fastener 10 as shown in Figures 10 to 13 may be operable by a manual release (not shown), in case of power failure.
  • FIG 14 two fasteners 10 are shown in position engaged with housing 80 at edge 76.
  • One of fasteners 10 is enlarged to show detail.
  • Wedge or overhang 18 engages edge 76 as in the previous Figures 1 1.
  • Foam 82 biases housing or instrument panel 80 as shown by arrow 200, so that there is positive engagement between fastener 10 and edge 76.
  • Figure 15 is similar to Figure 14, except that preloaded springs 84 are substituted for foam 82 biasing housing or instrument panel 80 as shown by arrow 2002. Springs 84 are contained within compartments 86.
  • fasteners 10 especially in the environment created by foam 82 or springs 84, can apply a constant preload on the assembly. This can greatly assist in eliminating rattle and squeak in the instrument panel.
  • Power and data to fasteners 10 may be supplied via the instrument panel feed, if desired. Such power may be preconditioned, so avoiding need for additional power conditioning electronics.
  • edge 76 may include a tamper proof ledge 77, to prevent access to fastener 10 and hence to avoid tampering.
  • Fastener 10 may also be connected to a slave fastener (not shown).
  • fastener 10 has, as well as wedge 18, a wedge lock part 88, to ensure a fixed and tight location and engagement between fastener 10 and edge 76.
  • edge 76 includes metal edge strip 90, designed to make electrical contact with leaf spring 14. If leaf spring 14 is in contact with metal edge strip 90, a circuit may be closed and a signal may be given to show engagement. Conversely, if contact if broken, the signal will show disengagement.
  • Figure 19 shows how a fastener 10 may be integrated into an instrument panel substrate and a console chassis.
  • wedge 18 in the engaged position, enters through aperture 92 and engages chassis 94 of a detachable radio face plate for radio 96.
  • the invention disclosed herein is not limited to the examples set out and has wide application in many areas.
  • the invention represents a significant advance in the art of securing and releasing, particularly in connection with instrument panels in the automotive industry

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système de fixation pour un boîtier d'instrument (76). Le système décrit dans cette invention comprend plusieurs fixations (10). Chaque fixation (10) comprend un moyen de commande (12) doté d'un matériau conçu pour se contracter lorsqu'il est actionné; un moyen de sollicitation (14); et un noyau souple (16) placé entre le moyen de commande (12) et le moyen de sollicitation (14). Le noyau souple (16) est pourvu d'un moyen d'engrènement (18). Le moyen d'engrènement (18) est mobile lors de la contraction du matériau entre une position dans laquelle le moyen d'engrènement (18) s'engrène dans le boîtier d'instrument (76) et une position dans laquelle le moyen d'engrènement (18) se dégage du boîtier d'instrument (76). Le moyen de sollicitation (14) pousse le noyau souple (16) dans la position d'engrènement. Cette invention concerne également un système de fixation associé à un boîtier d'instrument. Le boîtier d'instrument est poussé de manière à s'engrener dans l'organe de fixation.
PCT/AU2006/001873 2005-12-12 2006-12-12 Tableau de bord WO2007068034A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06817606A EP1960676A4 (fr) 2005-12-12 2006-12-12 Tableau de bord

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2005906986 2005-12-12
AU2005906986A AU2005906986A0 (en) 2005-12-12 Developments in beam-type fasteners
AU2005906983A AU2005906983A0 (en) 2005-12-13 Improved instrument panel
AU2005906983 2005-12-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007068034A1 true WO2007068034A1 (fr) 2007-06-21

Family

ID=38162464

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU2006/001873 WO2007068034A1 (fr) 2005-12-12 2006-12-12 Tableau de bord

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1960676A4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007068034A1 (fr)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5160233A (en) * 1992-05-13 1992-11-03 The United State Of America As Representd By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Fastening apparatus having shape memory alloy actuator
JP2001015956A (ja) * 1999-06-30 2001-01-19 Nec Corp 電子装置の筐体と実装部品との接続解除方法および接続構造ならびに電子装置
WO2004001235A1 (fr) * 2002-06-19 2003-12-31 Telezygology Inc. Systemes de prehension/relachement
WO2004082444A1 (fr) * 2003-03-17 2004-09-30 Telezygology Inc Couvercle pour compartiment
WO2004101216A1 (fr) * 2003-05-13 2004-11-25 Telezygology Inc Procede, systeme et composant ameliores d'assemblage et de desassemblage
WO2005047714A1 (fr) * 2003-11-17 2005-05-26 Telezygology Inc Fixations et autres ensembles

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2166185B (en) * 1984-10-26 1988-06-08 Stc Plc Locking arrangement for connectors
US7600301B2 (en) * 2002-06-19 2009-10-13 Telezygology, Inc. Fixing and release systems and fastener networks

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5160233A (en) * 1992-05-13 1992-11-03 The United State Of America As Representd By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Fastening apparatus having shape memory alloy actuator
JP2001015956A (ja) * 1999-06-30 2001-01-19 Nec Corp 電子装置の筐体と実装部品との接続解除方法および接続構造ならびに電子装置
WO2004001235A1 (fr) * 2002-06-19 2003-12-31 Telezygology Inc. Systemes de prehension/relachement
WO2004082444A1 (fr) * 2003-03-17 2004-09-30 Telezygology Inc Couvercle pour compartiment
WO2004101216A1 (fr) * 2003-05-13 2004-11-25 Telezygology Inc Procede, systeme et composant ameliores d'assemblage et de desassemblage
WO2005047714A1 (fr) * 2003-11-17 2005-05-26 Telezygology Inc Fixations et autres ensembles

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP1960676A4 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1960676A4 (fr) 2010-06-02
EP1960676A1 (fr) 2008-08-27

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