WO2007052343A1

WO2007052343A1 - Voltage-controlled oscillator, and radar system using the same

Info

Publication number: WO2007052343A1
Application number: PCT/JP2005/020186
Authority: WO
Inventors: Naoyuki Kurita
Original assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
Priority date: 2005-11-02
Filing date: 2005-11-02
Publication date: 2007-05-10
Also published as: JPWO2007052343A1

Abstract

The temperature compensations of two characteristics of an oscillation frequency and a modulation band of an oscillator used in a radar system are realized exclusively with a frequency control voltage to be applied to an oscillation unit. A voltage-controlled oscillator is constituted to include a plurality of generation units of frequency-controlled voltages to be inputted to a voltage-controlled oscillation unit, to input control voltages from the individual generation units to an operation unit, and to input the voltage added by the operation unit to the voltage-controlled oscillation unit. Frequency-controlled voltage generation units are individually equipped with input voltage terminals and output voltage terminals, and a voltage dividing circuit is constituted to include elements such as thermisters having electric resistances varied with the temperature, and ordinary resistance elements.

Description

Specification

Voltage controlled oscillator and radar system using the same

Technical field

The present invention relates to a voltage controlled oscillator and a radar system using the voltage controlled oscillator, and more particularly to a radar system using a microphone mouth wave or a millimeter wave, which compensates for a temperature of an oscillation characteristic and is based on a change in temperature. The present invention relates to a radar system that operates stably and a voltage-controlled oscillator suitable for use in the radar system.

Background art

[0002] A radar system that uses millimeter wave or microwave band radio waves is used as a radar system for on-vehicle short-range monitoring. Applications such as sensors for pre-crash type airbags are conceivable and their application is expected.

[0003] This near-field surveillance radar system for use in automobiles needs to increase the distance 'relative speed, and needs to increase the oscillation frequency from the conventional 30 MHz to 60 MHz. Along with that, the fluctuation of the modulation band with temperature becomes a problem.

[0004] In the voltage-controlled oscillator used in the radar system, the following Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 are disclosed for the voltage-controlled oscillator that compensates the oscillation frequency and modulation band according to temperature.

[0005] Patent Document 1 includes a temperature drift compensation circuit for the control voltage at the linearity best point for the voltage controlled oscillator, and a temperature drift compensation circuit for the voltage controlled oscillator itself. A technique for performing temperature compensation for frequency is disclosed.

[0006] Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for performing temperature compensation of a modulation band in addition to an oscillation frequency. In this voltage-controlled oscillator, the temperature compensation of the oscillation frequency is realized by inputting the control voltage input to the varactor diode connected to the resonance circuit via the voltage divider circuit composed of the thermistor and resistance element. The temperature compensation of the modulation band is realized by applying a noise voltage of an active element that performs an oscillation operation via a voltage dividing circuit. [0007] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-254818

Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-55034

Disclosure of the invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

First, the configuration and operation of a radar system according to the prior art will be described using FIG. 17 and FIG.

FIG. 17 is a configuration diagram of a radar system according to the prior art.

FIG. 18 is a graph showing the relationship between the time and oscillation frequency of a radar system according to the prior art.

As shown in FIG. 17, in a radar system using millimeter wave or microwave band radio waves, the output signal from the voltage controlled oscillator 3 is divided into two, one of which is a transmission signal via an amplifier 20 Is input to the antenna. The other signal is input to the mixer 21 as a local signal. Then, the signal reflected by the target is input to the RF terminal of the mixer 21 via the amplifier 20 as a reception signal of the receiving antenna force. The frequency of the received signal changes due to the Doppler shift according to the moving speed of the target, and the mixer 21 outputs an intermediate frequency (IF) signal according to the difference between the frequency of the local signal and the RF signal. The moving speed of the object can be obtained. The distance to the target can be obtained by modulating the frequency of the transmission signal as shown in FIG. 18 and using the time difference between the modulation frequencies of the transmission signal and the reception signal. The control voltage 22 is input to the voltage controlled oscillation unit 3, and the output frequency is f according to the voltage value.

osci force f

It is configured to change to osc2. In order to stably determine the moving speed and distance of the target, the oscillation frequency and the frequency modulation band f

It is necessary to minimize the variation of m. However, the oscillation frequency and modulation band may fluctuate depending on the environmental temperature, and it must be compensated by some method.

[0010] Next, a temperature compensation technique of the voltage-controlled oscillation unit of the radar system according to the conventional technique will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram of a voltage controlled oscillator of a radar system according to the prior art. Fig. 14 is a graph comparing the change in oscillation frequency before and after temperature compensation as control voltage and modulation characteristics of oscillation frequency. Fig. 15 is a graph showing the relationship between temperature and oscillation frequency by comparing changes before and after temperature compensation.

FIG. 16 is a graph illustrating the modulation characteristics of a voltage-controlled oscillation unit that does not have a temperature compensation unit.

[0011] As shown in Fig. 13, the temperature compensation method for the oscillation frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillator is divided by a thermistor 10 whose resistance value varies with temperature, and normal resistance elements lla and lib. A circuit is used that constitutes a voltage circuit so that the control voltage V input to the varactor diode 5 of the voltage-controlled oscillator changes according to the temperature. In this example, an element 8 that generates a negative resistance is connected to the gate terminal of an active element 6 that performs an oscillation operation, and a resonance circuit including a coupling line 9 and four resonators is connected to the source terminal. The Depending on the V input to the varactor diode 5 connected to the coupling line 9, the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit also changes in accordance with the change in its equivalent capacitance, and the frequency of the oscillation signal output via the matching circuit 7 The number can be changed. Assume that the modulation characteristics of the voltage-controlled oscillator are expressed as shown in Fig. 14. The horizontal axis in the figure is V input to the varactor diode 5 and takes a negative value with OV at the right end. The vertical axis shows the oscillation frequency, and the modulation characteristics at low, normal, and high temperatures change as curves A, B, and C, respectively. If a constant V is applied without using the voltage divider including the thermistor 10, the magnitude of the change in the oscillation frequency due to the temperature will be Δ ί, but if V is applied via the voltage divider described above, Since the voltage applied to the varactor diode 5 at a low temperature can be reduced, the variation of the oscillation frequency due to the temperature can be reduced to Δ ί. Therefore, the temperature characteristics of the oscillation frequency are as shown in Fig. 15, and temperature compensation is realized.

[0012] Further, in order to perform temperature compensation of the modulation band in addition to the oscillation frequency, the above-mentioned patent document

The method disclosed in 2 is known.

[0013] According to this method, temperature compensation of both the oscillation frequency and the modulation band is possible, but since the noise voltage of the active element that performs the oscillation operation is changed according to the temperature, the oscillation output and There is a problem that performance such as phase noise fluctuates greatly and the operation of the oscillator may become unstable.

[0014] The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and its purpose is millimeter waves, The voltage control oscillator of a radar system that uses microwaves in the microwave band compensates for fluctuations in the oscillation frequency and modulation band due to temperature, and operates stably with little fluctuation in oscillation output and phase noise. Another object of the present invention is to provide a voltage control oscillator that can be used.

Means for solving the problem

[0015] In the present invention, a plurality of frequency control voltage generators to be input to the varactor diodes of the voltage controlled oscillator incorporated in the radar system are provided, and the control voltage from each generator is input to the calculator. By inputting the added voltage to the varactor diode, a method for compensating for temperature fluctuations in both the oscillation frequency and the modulation band is provided.

[0016] For example, one of the frequency control voltage generators is composed of a thermistor whose resistance changes with temperature, and changes the output voltage in accordance with the change in temperature. One of the frequency control voltage generators is a constant power supply whose output voltage does not change with temperature.

[0017] Then, these voltages are added by the calculation unit, and applied to the inductor diode so that the change in oscillation frequency is small even if there is a change in temperature according to the control voltage and temperature characteristics of the voltage controlled oscillation unit. The fluctuation range of the applied voltage is set to a range where the temperature fluctuation of the modulation band is minimized.

The invention's effect

[0018] According to the present invention, in a voltage-controlled oscillation unit of a radar system using radio waves in the millimeter wave or microwave band, fluctuations in oscillation frequency and modulation band due to temperature are compensated, and fluctuations in oscillation output and phase noise are compensated. Thus, it is possible to provide a voltage-controlled oscillator that can operate stably with less.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 12 and FIG. 16.

Example 1

Hereinafter, a first embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of a voltage controlled oscillator according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of the voltage controlled oscillator according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the temperature characteristics of the voltage ratio between the input voltage and the output voltage of the control voltage generator according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the temperature characteristics of the control voltage and the oscillation frequency of the voltage controlled oscillator according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the voltage controlled oscillator according to the first embodiment of the present invention inputs a voltage for controlling the frequency to the voltage controlled oscillator 3 and oscillates in accordance with this voltage value. A signal with a frequency is output. The frequency control voltage input to the voltage controlled oscillating unit 3 is generated from the arithmetic unit 2 and a plurality of control voltage generating units la, lb connected to the preceding stage. The voltage V input to at least one of the control voltage generators la, lb, etc. is varied within a predetermined range in order to perform the modulation operation of the voltage controlled oscillator 3 m

The

When the voltage controlled oscillator shown in FIG. 1 is realized by a circuit, it is as shown in FIG. The voltage controlled oscillator shown in FIG. 2 includes two control voltage generators la and control voltage generator lb as the control voltage generators shown in FIG. 1, of which the control voltage generator la is composed of a thermistor 10 and a resistor. It is composed of a voltage dividing circuit composed of the elements 11a and l ib. The control voltage generator lb is configured only with a power supply for outputting a constant voltage. The arithmetic unit 2 is composed of an inverting adder composed of an operational amplifier 12 and resistance elements Rl and R2. When R1 and R2 have the same resistance value, operation unit 2 functions as a unity inverting adder. In the voltage controlled oscillation unit 3, an element 8 that generates a negative resistance is connected to a gate terminal of an active element 6 that performs an oscillation operation, and a resonance line that includes a coupling line 9 and four resonators is connected to a source terminal. The circuit is connected. V input to the varactor diode 5 connected to the coupling line 9 is applied from the arithmetic unit 2 described above, and the equivalent capacitance of the varactor diode 5 is changed by changing V. Then, the resonance frequency of the resonance circuit also changes in accordance with the change in equivalent capacitance of the notch diode 5, and the frequency of the oscillation signal output via the matching circuit 7 is changed. In FIG. 2, a configuration in which the control voltage is applied to the power sword in which the control voltage is applied to the anode of the varactor may be used. Next, a detailed operation of the voltage controlled oscillator shown in FIG. 2 will be described in relation to temperature.

[0024] The temperature characteristic of the ratio of the input voltage V to the output voltage V to the first control voltage generator la is

inl outl

Suppose that it is shown in Figure 3. It is assumed that a constant positive voltage V is generated in the second control voltage generator lb. The modulation characteristic force offset Ctrl by the control voltage V applied to the voltage-controlled oscillator 3 Consider the case where the curve changes as shown in curves A, B, and C at low, normal, and high temperatures, respectively, as shown in Figure 4. First, at low temperatures, the output voltage V from the first control voltage generator la is about 0.3 times the input voltage V. Therefore, V is changed from 0V to V

When a voltage that fluctuates in the positive range up to outl inl ml ctr is applied, the NORTA diode 5 has a V force S

12 ctrl2 Approximately 0.3. Within the range of the arrow on curve A where V is added and the sign is inverted.

offset

Is applied. The modulation band at this time is f. And when the temperature rises la

ml

The output voltage ratio from 1 is increased to about 0.8. At this time, the varactor diode 5 has a value obtained by multiplying V by about 0.8 and V, and the sign is inverted.

A voltage in the range is applied, and the modulation band is f. In this example, as the temperature increases

m3

Since the slope of the modulation curve is small, the partial pressure ratio of la increases as the temperature increases, so that the modulation band f, f, f from low to high

ml m2 m3 can be almost the same

. This is shown in Fig. 16, without any temperature compensation part.

Compared to the modulation characteristics when ctrll ctrl2 is applied, changes in the modulation curve due to temperature are reflected.

It can be seen that the modulation bands f 1, f 2, f vary. Also, the temperature of the oscillation frequency shown in Fig. 4

ml m2 m3

The magnitude of the degree of fluctuation Δ ί is also a range where the applied voltage range is dense at each temperature.

OSC

Because it is an area, it can be made smaller compared to FIG. In the present embodiment, by providing the control voltage generator lb for applying a constant voltage, a voltage higher than V is always applied to the varactor diode 5. Offset applied to the diode

As the voltage decreases, the equivalent resistance increases and the loss of the resonant circuit of the voltage controlled oscillator increases. Therefore, in order to operate the oscillator stably, it should be avoided that the applied voltage to the diode diode becomes smaller than necessary. V for the above reasons

By applying offset, it is possible to prevent the operation of the oscillator from becoming unstable. And V

By adjusting the value of ofrset, it is possible to set the fluctuation range of the voltage applied to the varactor diode to a range where the temperature fluctuation in the modulation band is minimized. Example 2

Hereinafter, a second embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 5 and FIG.

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of the voltage controlled oscillator according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the temperature characteristics of the control voltage and the oscillation frequency of the voltage controlled oscillator according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] In the first embodiment, the example in which the oscillation frequency of the voltage-controlled oscillation unit decreases as the temperature increases and the slope of the modulation curve decreases is described. The present invention can be applied by changing the circuit configuration regardless of the combination of the sign of the temperature coefficient of the slope of the groove. The present embodiment is an example thereof, and is different from the first embodiment in the pattern of the oscillation frequency and the modulation curve of the voltage controlled oscillation unit. In this example, the case where the oscillation frequency of the voltage controlled oscillator increases with increasing temperature and the slope of the modulation curve increases is shown. In order to perform temperature compensation of the oscillation frequency and modulation band of the voltage controlled oscillator having such temperature characteristics, a voltage dividing circuit composed of the thermistor 10 and the resistance elements 11a and l ib is used in the first embodiment. Contrary to the circuit shown in Fig. 2, the voltage division ratio decreases with increasing temperature.

Apply negative voltage up to inl c. And V is a larger trl2 offset than in Fig. 3, as shown in Fig. 6.

By setting the voltage to V and applying the control voltage to V, the oscillation frequency and modulation band

The fluctuation due to the temperature of the area can be reduced.

Example 3

Hereinafter, a third embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 7 and FIG.

FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of the voltage controlled oscillator according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing the temperature characteristics of the control voltage and the oscillation frequency of the voltage controlled oscillator according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Embodiments 1 and 2 are a combination of a control voltage generator whose output voltage changes with temperature and a control voltage generator of a constant power source. However, both of the present embodiments depend on temperature. The voltage generated by the control voltage generator that changes the output voltage is input to the calculator 2. It is completed.

In the circuit of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the two control voltage generators la and lb are both configured by a voltage dividing circuit force including thermistors 10 and 10a and resistance elements 11a to id. The voltage V input to the control voltage generator la fluctuates within a certain range, and the control voltage inl

The voltage V input to the generator lb is fixed at a fixed value. 2 control voltage generators or in2

The output voltages V and Vc are input to the calculation unit, and the sign of the voltage obtained by adding both voltages outl out 2

Is inverted and applied to the varactor diode 5 of the voltage controlled oscillator 3. Compared with the circuit of the first embodiment of FIG. 4, in this embodiment, the second control voltage generator lb to which a constant voltage Voffset is applied is passed through a voltage dividing circuit whose output voltage changes with temperature. Thus, the calculation unit 2 is configured to be applied. According to this configuration, as shown in Fig. 8, V indicated by the solid line changes with temperature, so in addition to temperature compensation of the modulation band, oscillation out2

The temperature variation Δί of the frequency can be made smaller than in the first embodiment. Example 4

Hereinafter, a fourth embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 11.

FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of a voltage controlled oscillator according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a graph showing the temperature characteristics of the voltage ratio between the input voltage and the output voltage of the control voltage generator according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the temperature characteristics of the control voltage and the oscillation frequency of the voltage controlled oscillator according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Each of the above embodiments has a force that has two control voltage generators. This embodiment has more control voltage generators.

As shown in FIG. 9, the circuit of the present embodiment includes three control voltage generation units la, lb, and lc. Both the control voltage generation unit la and the control voltage generation unit lb are a thermistor and a resistance element. The control voltage generator lc is configured to output a constant V.

It is. The temperature characteristics of the voltage division ratio of the voltage divider circuit of the control voltage generator la and the control voltage generator lb have opposite slopes as shown in Fig. 10, and the combined voltage V + outl V has a characteristic with a minimum value. Control voltage generator with such temperature characteristics out2

By applying a voltage obtained by inverting the voltage added with V to the varactor diode 5, offset

Thus, when the slope of the modulation characteristic of the voltage controlled oscillator 3 is small at both the low and high temperatures, which are large at intermediate temperatures, as shown in FIG. 11, the temperature compensation of the modulation band can be performed.

[0033] As described above, the temperature characteristic of the modulation band is maximized / minimized by appropriately adjusting the temperature characteristic of the voltage dividing ratio of the voltage dividing circuit of the control voltage generators la and lb of the present embodiment. Even in the case of holding, temperature compensation can be performed. Furthermore, by further expanding the circuit in FIG. 9 and providing more control voltage generators, it is possible to compensate for smaller variations in the modulation band due to temperature.

Example 5

Hereinafter, a fifth embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of a voltage controlled oscillator according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

In each of the above embodiments, the control voltage generator whose output voltage changes depending on the temperature is an example using a thermistor 10 and a voltage dividing circuit having a resistance element force. However, its electric resistance changes depending on the temperature. Any element other than the thermistor can be used as long as the element has the characteristics described above. In the present embodiment, the control voltage generation unit la includes a voltage dividing circuit including a Schottky diode 13 and a resistance element 11a. Changes with temperature by applying input voltage V inl

The output voltage V reflecting the voltage division ratio to be converted is input to the calculation unit 2 and the first outl shown in FIG.

The same effect as the circuit in the embodiment can be obtained.

Brief Description of Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of a voltage controlled oscillator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of the voltage controlled oscillator according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing a temperature characteristic of a voltage ratio between an input voltage and an output voltage of a control voltage generator according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 shows the control voltage and oscillation frequency of the voltage controlled oscillator according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows a temperature characteristic.

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of a voltage controlled oscillator according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing temperature characteristics of a control voltage and an oscillation frequency of a voltage controlled oscillator according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of a voltage controlled oscillator according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating temperature characteristics of a control voltage and an oscillation frequency of a voltage controlled oscillator according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of a voltage controlled oscillator according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a temperature characteristic of a voltage ratio between an input voltage and an output voltage of a control voltage generation unit according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a graph showing temperature characteristics of a control voltage and an oscillation frequency of a voltage controlled oscillator according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of a voltage controlled oscillator according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram of a voltage-controlled oscillator of a radar system according to the prior art.

FIG. 14 is a graph comparing the change in oscillation frequency before and after temperature compensation as the control voltage and modulation characteristics of oscillation frequency.

FIG. 15 is a graph showing the relationship between temperature and oscillation frequency by comparing changes before and after temperature compensation.

FIG. 17 is a block diagram of a radar system according to the prior art.

FIG. 18 is a graph showing the relationship between time and oscillation frequency of a radar system according to the prior art.

Explanation of symbols

la, lb ... control voltage generator, 2 ... arithmetic unit, 3 ... voltage control generator, 4 ... resonator, 5 ... bar Ractor diode, 6 ... Active element (FET), 7 ... Matching circuit, 8 ... Negative resistance generating element, 9 ~ Coupling line, 10 ... Thermistor, 11a, l ib ... Resistance element, 12 ... Operational amplifier, 13 ... shot Key diode.

Claims

The scope of the claims

[1] Two or more control voltage generation units each including an input voltage terminal and an output voltage terminal, an arithmetic unit for adding output voltages from the two or more control voltage generation units, and oscillation by the control voltage A voltage-controlled oscillation unit having a control voltage input terminal whose frequency changes,

A radar system, wherein a voltage obtained by calculating the output voltages from the two or more control voltage generation units by the calculation unit is input to a voltage control oscillation unit.

[2] In claim 1,

A radar system, wherein a voltage input to an input terminal of at least one of the two or more control voltage generators is arbitrarily changed within a predetermined range.

[3] In claim 1,

Of the two or more control voltage generators, at least one of the control voltage generators is a voltage dividing circuit including an element whose electrical resistance varies with temperature and a resistance element, and the control voltage generator A radar system characterized by a change in specific force between the input voltage to the output voltage and the output voltage from the control voltage generator.

[4] In claim 1,

The arithmetic unit is an adder circuit including an operational amplifier, an input resistor connected to two or more input terminals of the operational amplifier, and a resistor connected to the input terminal and the operational amplifier output terminal. Radar system characterized by that.

[5] In claim 1,

A radar system, wherein a control voltage input to the voltage controlled oscillator is applied to an anode electrode or a force sword electrode of a varactor diode connected to a resonance circuit of the voltage controlled oscillator.

[6] In claim 3,

The radar system, wherein the element whose electrical resistance changes with temperature is a thermistor.

[7] In claim 3, A radar system characterized in that the element whose electric resistance changes with temperature is a Schottky diode.

[8] In claim 1,

Of the two or more control voltage generators, one control voltage generator is a voltage source that generates a constant voltage regardless of temperature.

The other control voltage generator is a voltage source that generates a voltage that varies with temperature.

A radar characterized in that the voltage added by the arithmetic unit is applied as a control voltage of the voltage-controlled oscillator so that fluctuations in oscillation frequency due to temperature changes are reduced according to the characteristics of the voltage-controlled oscillator. system.

[9] In claim 1,

The voltage added by the arithmetic unit is applied as the control voltage of the voltage controlled oscillator so that the variation of the modulation band is less with respect to the temperature change according to the characteristics of the voltage controlled oscillator. Radar system.

[10] at least two control voltage generators;

A calculation unit that adds and outputs the voltage generated by the control voltage generation unit; and a voltage control oscillation unit that uses the output of the calculation unit as a control voltage. A first control voltage generation unit in which the voltage varies with temperature, and a second control voltage generation unit different from the first control voltage generation unit,

The arithmetic unit adds and outputs the voltage generated by the first control voltage generator and the voltage generated by the second control voltage generator, and outputs the output voltage to the control of the voltage control oscillator. A voltage controlled oscillator characterized by being a voltage.

[11] In claim 10, The voltage-controlled oscillator according to claim 1, wherein the first control voltage generator has a portion in which a thermistor and a resistor are connected in parallel.

[12] In claim 10,

The voltage-controlled oscillator, wherein the first control voltage generation unit includes a Schottky diode.

[13] In claim 10,

The voltage control oscillator is characterized in that the calculation unit includes an operational amplifier that inputs a voltage from the first control voltage generation unit and a voltage from the second control voltage generation unit.

[14] In claim 10,

The second control voltage generator is a voltage controlled oscillator characterized in that a voltage generated by temperature does not change.

[15] In claim 10,

A voltage-controlled oscillator characterized in that all voltage-controlled oscillators change the voltage generated by temperature.

[16] A control voltage generator that changes the oscillation frequency by at least two or more control voltages, an arithmetic unit that adds and outputs the voltage of the control voltage unit,

A voltage control oscillation unit that uses the output of the calculation unit as a control voltage, and at least one of the control voltage generation units generates a first control voltage that changes a voltage generated according to temperature. Part,

A voltage-controlled oscillator characterized in that the control voltage of the voltage-controlled oscillator output from the arithmetic unit is adjusted so that fluctuations in the oscillation frequency associated with changes in the temperature of the voltage-controlled oscillator are reduced.

[17] In claim 16,

The voltage added by the arithmetic unit is applied as the control voltage of the voltage controlled oscillator so that the variation of the modulation band is less with respect to the temperature change according to the characteristics of the voltage controlled oscillator. A voltage controlled oscillator.

[18] In claim 16, A voltage-controlled oscillator, wherein the voltage-controlled oscillator has a high oscillation frequency when the temperature is low and a low oscillation frequency when the temperature is high.

[19] In claim 16,

A voltage-controlled oscillator, wherein the voltage-controlled oscillation unit has an oscillation frequency force when the temperature is low and a large oscillation frequency when the temperature is high.

[20] In claim 16,

Among the two or more control voltage generators,

A control voltage generator for changing the voltage generated by two temperatures;

A control voltage generator that does not change the voltage generated by one temperature, and the sum of the output voltages of the control voltage generator that changes the voltage generated by the two temperatures is in the vicinity of room temperature! A voltage-controlled oscillator characterized by having either a minimum value or a maximum value!