WO2007042612A1

WO2007042612A1 - Pressure medium powered rotary apparatus unit and system

Info

Publication number: WO2007042612A1
Application number: PCT/FI2006/000333
Authority: WO
Inventors: Esko Raikamo
Original assignee: Esko Raikamo
Priority date: 2005-10-14
Filing date: 2006-10-13
Publication date: 2007-04-19
Also published as: AU2006301112A1; FI20051042A0; NO20082192L; EP1957804A1; CN101331326A; EP1957804B1; CN101331326B

Abstract

The present invention is related to pressure medium powered rotary apparatus units and systems for using the same. The unit is comprising at least two oppositely positioned flange components (2, 6) within an axial distance from each other and connected to each other, an outer casing part between the flange components (2, 6) to connect the said flange components (2, 6), a cylinder room and a piston arrangement. The rotary apparatus unit furthers comprising a channel system arrangement for feeding a pressure medium into the cylinder room and for removing the pressure medium from the cylinder room. An intermediate element (1) substantially having a overall shape of flange is positioned between the flange components (2, 6). The intermediate element (1) comprises at least one curved, elongated groove (1b) penetrating the intermediate element (1) substantially in axial direction, the said groove (1b) forming the cylinder room. The piston arrangement (3c) positioned into the groove (1b) is attached to at least to one flange component (2, 6).

Description

Pressure medium powered rotary apparatus unit and system

The subject of the present invention is a pressure medium powered rotary apparatus more closely defined in the preamble of the independent claim 1.

The pressure medium powered rotary apparatus of the present invention can be utilised to use different kinds of implements having rotational movement involved. As to the prior art known in the field, reference is made to publications US-4492150, US-4825754 and US-5101862. These publications concern some actuator devices for limited purposes.

The object of the present invention is to present a pressure medium powered rotary apparatus, which can by easily operable means, as to the construction, be modified and functionally controlled with regard to the functional needs of the application in question.

For achieving these purposes the pressure medium powered rotary apparatus of the present invention is mainly characterised in accordance with the characteristic part of claim 1.

The dependent claims concerning the pressure medium powered rotary apparatus of the invention present some advantageous embodiments.

Further the object of the present invention is to present a pressure medium powered rotary system according to which the pressure medium powered rotary apparatuses of the present invention, at least two apparatuses combined, can be used in combination, whereby the amount for operational uses and applications is greatly increased. For achieving these purposes the pressure medium powered rotary system of the present invention is mainly characterised in accordance with the characteristic part of the independent claim defining the system.

The dependent claims concerning the pressure medium powered rotary system of the invention present some advantageous embodiments.

The main advantage of the present invention, as to the pressure medium powered rotary apparatus and system, is to provide an easily operable and adjustable means in construction for machinery a multipurpose basic solution for several fields of needs and uses. The sophisticated entity to be used, as to the angle of rotation, the momentum needed (the force of rotation), the speed of rotation etc. is a result of evaluation of the specific needs and uses of application in question.

As to the determinations used hereinafter, the following remarks should be taken in account in considering the semantics of the same:

"An intermediate element substantially having a overall shape of flange" means that the intermediate element is having a substantially functional planar formation (linear and/or non-linear) and is reaching outwards in radial direction from the centre axis (substantially perpendicular or inclined with respect to the main level of the flange components) of the apparatus in question; and

"a pivot-shaped part" means that the part has an overall form of a rod or shaft and which is co-operating in the accomplishing the rotational movement.

The pressure medium powered rotary apparatus and the system of the present invention are more closely explained in the following description, made with reference to the accompanying drawings illustrating some, non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, wherein Fig 1 is an exploded perspective view of the first embodiment of the pressure medium powered rotary apparatus according to the present invention,

Figs 2a, 2b present the second embodiment of the pressure medium powered rotary apparatus according to the present invention; an exploded perspective view of the rotary apparatus (Fig. 2a) of the second embodiment; and the power output applied in connection with the second embodiment also as an exploded perspective view (Fig.2b),

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the flange of the second embodiment of Figs 2a and 2b in the direction perpendicular with respect to the axial direction of the pressure medium powered rotary apparatus; and

Fig 4 is an embodiment of the system of the present invention with apparatuses according to Fig. 2a as a sectional view taken along the common axis of the system of the combined apparatuses.

With reference to the enclosed drawings the pressure medium powered rotary apparatus unit comprises as main components at least two oppositely positioned flange components 2, 6, which are situated apart from each other within an axial distance (perpendicular with respect to the main common active level of the same). The flange components 2, 6 are connected to each other in a manner described later on herebelow. An outer casing part (the construction differs in accordance with the embodiment in question) is arranged between the said flange components 2, 6 to connect the said flange components (2, 6), whereby a possibility for a cylinder room with a piston arrangement is accomplished.

The rotary apparatus unit is further comprising a channel system arrangement 16a, 16b, 14, 20, 19 for feeding a pressure medium, preferably hydraulic, into the cylinder room and for removing the pressure medium from the cylinder room.

In accordance with the invention an intermediate element 1 substantially having a overall shape of flange is positioned between the flange components 2, 6. The intermediate element 1 comprises at least one curved (preferably constant radius), elongated groove Ib penetrating (or crossing) the intermediate element 1 substantially in axial direction. The reference is made to the groove Ib in Fig.l; and to the grooves lba and lbb in Figs. 2a and 2b. The intermediate element 1 partially thus functionally forms at least a section of the outer casing part between the flange components 2, 6 i.e. the outer part Ia outside the groove Ib / the grooves lba and lbb (seen in radial direction) of the intermediate element 1.

To achieve the full function of the apparatus a piston arrangement 3c (Fig.l) penetrating (or crossing) the groove Ib in axial direction is attached to at least to one of the flange components 2, 6, suitably to both of them. Accordingly Figs. 2a, 2b show that the partial grooves lba and lbb, both, have the same kind of piston arrangements as shown in Fig.l. Most preferably the substantial main form of the partsl, 2 and 6 is plate-like round discus, either having constant or varying thickness. Both of the flange components 2, 6 and the intermediate element 1 likewise are provided with an axial centre hole 2R, 6R, IR for a shaft 23 going thorough the said holes 2R, 6R, IR in axial direction. The shaft 23 is arranged, as a part (reference numerals 16a, 16b, 14a, 14b, construction of which is explained herebelow) of said channel system arrangement 16a, 16b, 14, 20, 19, to feed and remove pressure medium to and from the groove Ib / grooves lba, lbb. The parts 16a, 16b, 14a, 14b are in pressure medium flow contact with the channel extensions 19, 20 in the intermediate element 1. The shaft 23 can be used additionally with reference to the foregoing (or instead of it) for the power output of the rotary apparatus.

The flange components 2, 6 are connected with at least one elongated substantially axially placed part 3, (only one in Fig. 1; two in Figs. 2a, 2b) having the overall shape of a pivot, whose opposite ends are connected to the flange component 2, 6 in question. The centre region (in axial direction) of the part 3 that is, the region, which crosses the intermediate element 1 is situated in the groove Ib / grooves lba, lbb and at that region essentially forms the piston arrangement 3c, together with the sealing arrangement 5, which is suitably composed out of at least two axial gaskets 5, which seal the piston arrangement 3c in radial direction against the inner and outer surfaces of the groove Ib/ grooves lba, lbb.

To connect the pivot-shaped part 3 to the flange components 2, 6, each of the flange components 2, 6 has penetrating holes 2a, 6a; 2b, 6b, going thorough said flange components 2, 6 both in circumferential and radial directions in juxtaposed positions. During the assembly the pivot-shaped part 3 is placed through the penetrating holes 2a, 6a; 2b, 6b and the corresponding groove Ib forming the cylinder room. The fastening part, such as a threaded screw section 3 a on the outer surface of the pivot-shaped part 3 or alike, at least at the other end of the pivot-shaped part 3 protrudes in axial direction outwards from the outer surface of the flange component 2, 6 in question or from immersed groove in the flange component 2, 6 in question at said penetrating hole. Each screw section 3a is connected to a corresponding screwed tension nut 4 or alike for tightening and tensioning purposes. The rotation of the pivot- shaped part 3 around the axial direction is prevented for instance by means of the radial lock screw system 28 (Fig. 4) between the flange component 6 and the pivot-shaped part 3 in question.

A ring-like sealing area 8, preferably a pair formation, is arranged to the inner surfaces of both of the flange components 2, 6 surfaces facing towards the intermediate element 1 i.e. most optimally inner surfaces in both flange components 2, 6 have circular grooves or alike with different predetermined radius. Each of the grooves is equipped with a corresponding circular gasket 8a, 8b. The sealing area is constructionally so arranged that the groove(s) Ib; lba, lbb (Fig.l and Figs. 2a, 2b) forming the cylinder room of the intermediate element 1 is/are situated in radial direction between the separate gaskets 8a, 8b of the sealing area 8. With reference to the embodiment in Fig. 1 (see specially the enlarged detail A) the intermediate element 1 of the rotary apparatus unit has at least one groove Ib forming the cylinder room having circular overall shape, wherein the centre of the circular radius of said at least one groove Ib. seen in section perpendicular to the axial direction (orthogonal) of the rotary apparatus unit, is in the centre of the intermediate element 1. The radius of curvature Rl corresponds in a certain axial point of the intermediate element 1 to the position of the outer edge of the groove Ib and the radius of curvature R2 in the corresponding point to the position of the inner edge of said groove 1. Thus the equation, with reference to Fig. 1, shows that Rl - R2 = SL, where SL is the radial width of the cylinder room in that specific point of observation. The length of the groove Ib measured in direction of the periphery of the groove is at least 120 degrees ±60 degrees, suitably 210 degrees ±30 degrees, most suitably 295 degrees ±45 degrees.

Correspondingly with reference to Figs. 2a, 2b (see specially the enlarged detail B) the intermediate element 1 of the rotary apparatus has two grooves lba, lbb forming the cylinder room together, and having the same equal radius with regard to each other having circular overall shape, wherein the centre of the circular radius of said at least one groove Ib, seen in section perpendicular to the axial direction (orthogonal) of the rotary apparatus unit, is in the centre of the intermediate element 1. The radius of curvature Rl corresponds in a certain axial point of the intermediate element 1 to the position of the outer edge of the groove Ib and the radius of curvature R2 in the corresponding point to the position of the inner edge of said groove 1. Thus the equation, with reference to Fig. 1, shows that Rl - R2= SL, where SL is the radial width of the cylinder room in that specific point of observation. The length of the grooves lba, lbb measured in direction of the periphery of the grooves lba, lbb is at most 175 degrees.

Further with reference to Fig. 1, Figs. 2a, 2b, together with the principal idea of the present invention (actual possibility towards embodiments having more than two grooves) between the ends of the groove(s) Ib; lba, lbb there is a partition wall Ic, which can be validly in equation described in a following manner: 2-π-R = n-(UPS + VSPS), where UPS is the length of the groove Ib; lba, lbb in the direction of the mean curvature radius R and VSPS is the length of the partition wall Ic in the same direction and n is the quantity of the grooves Ib; lba, lbb and simultaneously the same of partition elements Ic.

Further, the inner and/or outer surface of the groove(s) Ib; lba, lbb forming the cylinder room can be axial (a) or divergent from that AB, BA, BB, wherein the cross-section of the piston arrangement 3 c (seen as sectional axial view or in radial direction) is respectively essentially rectangle A, trapezium AB, BA or the parallelogram BB .

With reference to the embodiment of Fig. 1, a support ring 21 or alike is arranged at the site of the intermediate member 1 between the flange components 2, 6, to circumference at least partially the said member 1, wherein the flange components 2, 6 are attached together with the tightening means suitably with tightening bolts 22 (eight bolts, a hole-punching in the flange components 2, 6 corresponding to the situation of the hole-punching in the support ring 21 or alike). The output of the rotational movement out of the rotary apparatus has been arranged through the axial centre hole IR in the intermediate member 1 by using the element 31 attached to it. The element 31 to be used for the output of the rotational movement is a tubular piece or alike, which is projecting outwards from the end of the rotary apparatus, and into which the shaft 23 is situated. The shaft 23 has been locked in a non-rotational manner to the flange component 6, by using the locking parts 24a, 24b. The reference numeral 26 shows a rotational wheel or the end of a rotational shaft, to which the element 31 is attached. Further the reference numeral 25 shows a base to which the opposite flange component 2 is attached by using the tubular flange 25a projecting outwards from the end of the said second flange component 2.

As to the main principle of the present invention, in the first hand feeding the pressure medium into the cylinder room of the rotary apparatus; and in the second hand removing the pressure medium from the cylinder room of the rotary apparatus, is arranged by using the opposite flange components 2, 6. According to the embodiments of Figs 2a, 2b (see also Figs 3 and 4) the shaft 23 is used in the circulation of the pressure medium in a manner that the shaft 23 is provided with two tubular conduits 23a, 23b separated from each other and being arranged in the longitudinal direction of the shaft 23. The first one of the conduits 23a is connected with the flange component 2 and the second one of the conduits 23b is connected with the opposite flange component 6. Both of the tubular conduits 23a, 23b has been provided with a radial tubular conduit 16a, 16b or alike apart from each other in the longitudinal direction of the shaft 23. Each of the radial tubular conduits 16a, 16b has the first end at the outer surface of the tubular conduit 23a, 23b in question and the second end at the surface of the shaft 23. When the common axial centre hole 2R, 6R, IR in the flange components 2, 6 and in the intermediate member 1 receives the shaft 23 in the assembled position the first radial tubular conduit 16a is positioned at the flange component 2 seen in the in the radial direction and the second radial tubular conduit 16b is positioned at the opposite flange component 6 seen in the in the radial direction, both of the radial tubular conduits 16a, 16b in a pressure medium flow contact with continuation conduits 19, 20 in connection with the flange component 2, 6 in question. (Fig. 3). Further, the outer surface of the shaft 23, at the site of each of the radial tubular conduits 16a, 16b is provided with a ring-shaped groove 14a, 14b or alike each of them situated in a plane perpendicular with the axial direction of the shaft 23. Yet further, the outer surface of the shaft 23 is provided with ring-shaped sealing grooves 15 or alike with corresponding ring-shaped gaskets on both sides (seen in the axial direction) of each of the ring shaped grooves 14a 14b or alike. The said sealing grooves 15 with gaskets are situated in the assembled position of the shaft at the flange component 2, 6 in question (see Fig. 4).

Further in the assembled state of the shaft 23 both the first and the second one of the ring-shaped grooves 14a, 14b or alike are situated at the site of the first end of the continuation conduits 19, 20 in the respective flange component 2, 6. Each of the continuation conduits 19, 20 is in pressure medium flow contact with a pressure effected side of the piston arrangement 3 c in a manner that the pressure medium going through the continuation conduits 19, 20 is rotating the flange components 2, 6 and the intermediate element 1 with respect to each other.

With reference to Figs. 2a, 2b and Fig. 3 each continuation conduit 19, 20 comprises within each flange component 2, 6 substantially radial first bore 20 or alike, the fist end 20a of which is at the surface of the centre axial hole 2R, 6R of the flange component 2, 6 in question during the pressure medium flow trough the shaft 23. In accordance with the embodiment of Fig. 1, wherein the shaft 23 is not used in feeding and removal of the pressure medium the first end 20b of the substantially radial bore 20 or alike is situated on the outer surface of the flange component 2, 6 in question. The continuation conduit 19, 20 further comprises in both embodiments within each flange component 2, 6 a substantially axial second bore 19 or alike in a pressure medium flow contact with the first bore 20. The second bore 19 is situated beside the piston arrangement 3c in connection with the groove(s) Ib; lba, lbb. The second bore 19 is more precisely situated beside the through hole(s) 2a, 6a; 2b, 6b (Fig. 3) penetrating the flange components 2, 6 and intended for receiving the pivot-shaped part 3. Thus the second bore is formed as a groove at the side of each of the through hole(s) 2a, 6a; 2b, 6b. The intermediate part in the longitudinal direction (Fig. 1) in the pivot-shaped part 3 in both sides of the piston arrangement 3c, between the said piston arrangement 3c and the threaded screw sections 3 a are situated in the assembled position into the hole(s) 2a, 6a; 2b, 6b. The first bore 20 or alike can in practice be a radial bore penetrating the flange component 2, 6 starting from the surface of the centre hole 2R, 6R and ending to the outer surface of the flange component 2, 6 in question. Thus, either end of the first bore 20 is closed in accordance with the embodiment in question. With reference to the embodiment in Fig. 1 the inner opening 20a at the surface of the centre hole 2R, 6R in question is closed, and the pressure medium flow is directed to/from the groove Ib via the outer opening 20b. With reference to the embodiments in Figs. 2a, 2b the outer opening 20b is closed, wherein the pressure medium flow is directed through the inner opening 20a of the first bore 20 into the shaft 23. Outer valve means (not shown) is used to regulate the directions of the pressure medium flow in accordance with the needs. Especially Fig 2b (utilising the basic solution of Fig. 2a, with two grooves) shows an embodiment of the power output in accordance with the present invention. The power output is arranged by using a sleeve-shaped gearing means 27 surrounding the first flange component 2 and the intermediate element 1. The sleeve-shaped gearing means 27 is attached to the intermediate element 1 at the first end of the same, for instance, by means of radial screw fixation. The output of the rotational force is arranged through the second end 27a of the sleeve-shaped gearing means 27 well known in the art. Correspondingly the flange component 6, not situated inside the sleeve-shaped gearing means 27 (the flange component 2, in Fig.2b), has been attached to a firm base 25 or alike.

The present invention also relates to a system to unite or connect at least two rotary apparatus units together to accomplish a functional entity. Fig. 4 shows an embodiment in which tree rotary apparatus units A, B₃ C of Fig.2a are connected. Hereby, each of the rotary apparatus units A, B, C is coupled to the same common shaft 23A, 23B, 23C. The shaft 23A, 23B, 23C comprises in its longitudinal direction sequentially as described in detail hereabove a) radial drillings 16a, 16b or equivalent, b) circular grooves 25a, 25b and also c) seal grooves 15 or equivalent groups for each rotary apparatus unit A, B, C to be coupled into the system. The rotary apparatus units are connected with the means mediating the rotation 12 supplying the rotational effect for each of the rotary apparatus units A, B, C coupled to the system or combination in order to combine single rotations of the apparatus units A, B, C into the coupled rotation of the system. In accordance with the Fig. 4 the rotary apparatus units A and C at the opposite ends of the combination are combined by a frame construction 13, suitably by a shielding tube. In practice, the flange components 2, in the rotary apparatus units A and C at the opposite ends of the combination, facing outwards from the combination are attached in connection with the frame construction 13; the first one (the rotary apparatus unit A, the flange components 2, in Fig. 4) fixedly; and the second one (the rotary apparatus unit C, the flange components 2, in Fig. 4) in a manner that rotation of the same is allowed in the axial direction with respect to the frame construction 13. Those flange components 2 (in A, and C in Fig. 4), which are facing outwards from the system, so called end flange components have a greater radius than those flange components 6 (in A, one component; in B, both components; and in C, one component) situated inside the tubular frame construction 13. Additionally the radiuses of the intermediate elements 1 in the system are smaller than the radiuses of the end flange components 2 facing outwards from the system, but greater than or equal to the radiuses of the flange components 6 inside the tubular frame construction 13.

The combination of the separate rotational movements of the individual apparatus units is arranged in accordance with the embodiment of Fig. 4 in a manner the intermediate element IA of the first apparatus unit A which is fixedly attached to the frame construction 13 as described hereabove, is connected by means 12 mediating the rotation, (suitably by covering tube with peripheral radial screw attachments 12a in both ends of the same) to the next, second rotary unit B, more precisely to the intermediate element IB of the same, attached to the shaft 23A, 23B, 23C. The means 12 mediating the rotation between the rotary apparatus units in sequence hereafter B to C (in common B to C, C to D etc.) have been arranged in a manner that the flange component 6 inside the tubular frame construction 13 of the preceding rotary apparatus (for instance B₅ in Fig. 4) facing towards the next rotary apparatus unit in axial direction (for instance C, in Fig. 4) is attached to the intermediate element (for instance 1C, in Fig. 4) of the said next rotary apparatus unit. The regulation of the pressure medium flow through the tubular conduits 23a, 23b can be arranged by a regulating valve (not shown).

The groove(s) Ib; lba, lbb in each rotary apparatus unit A, B, C are situated in order to accomplish a combinatory rotational movement so that the overall rotation angle of the system desired is achieved, suitably by consecutive series of movements and/or so that the groove(s) Ib; lba, lbb are in the rotational direction at least partially situated to co-operate (one upon the other seen in perpendicular section with respect to the axial direction) simultaneously for instance in order to accomplish a momentary change in moment or momentum during the rotation. For instance by using the embodiment according to Fig. 4 an overall rotation angle of 270 degrees is easily achieved, wherein the peripheral length of the individual groove in each single pair of grooves is approximately 125 degrees, i.e. the grooves lba, lbb are in the successive rotary apparatus units A, B, C situated to partially one upon the other.

Claims

Patent claims:

1. A pressure medium powered rotary apparatus unit, comprising at least two oppositely positioned flange components (2, 6) within an axial distance from each other and connected to each other, an outer casing part between the flange components (2, 6) to connect the said flange components (2, 6), a cylinder room and a piston arrangement, the rotary apparatus unit further comprising a channel system arrangement for feeding a pressure medium into the cylinder room and for removing the pressure medium from the cylinder room, characterised in that an intermediate element (1) substantially having a overall shape of flange is positioned between the flange components (2, 6), that the intermediate element (1) comprises at least one curved, elongated groove (Ib) penetrating the intermediate element (1) substantially in axial direction, the said groove (Ib) forming the cylinder room and, that the piston arrangement (3c) positioned into the groove (Ib) is attached to at least to one flange component (2, 6).

2. The rotary apparatus unit in accordance with patent claim 1, characterised in that both the flange components (2, 6) and the intermediate element (1) are provided with an axial centre hole (2R, 6R, IR) for a shaft (23), that the said shaft (23) is arranged, as a part of the said channel system arrangement (16a, 16b, 14, 20, 19), to feed and remove pressure medium to/from the groove (Ib) forming the cylinder room in the intermediate element (1) of the rotary apparatus and/or that through which shaft (23) the power output of the rotary apparatus unit is arranged.

3. The rotary apparatus unit in accordance with patent claim 1, characterised in that the flange components (2, 6) are connected with each other by at least one elongated part (3) positioned substantially in axial direction and having the overall shape of a pivot, and that the opposite ends of the said elongated part (3) are connected to the flange component (2, 6) in question, so that the centre region of the part (3), that is, the region, which crosses the intermediate element (1), is situated in the groove (Ib) and essentially forms the piston arrangement (3 c).

4. The rotary apparatus unit in accordance with the patent claim 1 or 3, characterised in that to connect the pivot-shaped part (3) to the flange components (2, 6), the flange component has through holes (2a, 6a; 2b, 6b), which both circumferentially and in radial direction are in an opposed position, that the pivot-shaped part (3) is positioned through the said holes (2a, 6a; 2b, 6b) and the corresponding groove (Ib) forming the cylinder room and that at least the other end of the pivot-shaped part (3) is equipped with a fastening part suitably a threaded screw part (3 a) which protrudes axially out of the outer surface of the respective flange component (2, 6) or concealed fastenings therein, whereby the threaded screw part (3 a) is arranged to receive tension nut (4) or equivalent tensioning elements.

5 The rotary apparatus unit in accordance with any of patent claims 1, 3 or 4, characterised in that the piston arrangement (3 c) comprises a sealing arrangement (5) having suitably at least two axial gaskets, which seal the piston arrangement (3 c) in radial direction against the inner and outer surfaces of the groove (Ib).

6. The rotary apparatus unit in accordance with patent claim 1, characterised in that a ring-like seal area 8, preferably pair formation is arranged to the inner surfaces of the flange components (2, 6) facing towards the intermediate element (1) i.e. the most preferably the both flange components (2, 6) have circular grooves, each of which grooves is equipped with a corresponding circular gasket (8a, 8b), wherein the groove(s) (Ib; lba, lbb) forming the cylinder room of the intermediate element (1) is/are placed in radial direction between separate gaskets (8a, 8b ) of the sealing area (8).

7. The rotary apparatus unit in accordance with patent claim 1, characterised in that an outer edge part (Ia) of the intermediate element (1) i.e. the part, which is positioned outside the groove (Ib) in radial direction is the outer casing part of the groove(s) (Ib; lba, lbb) forming the cylinder room.

8. The rotary apparatus unit in accordance with the patent claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the pressure medium feed into the rotary apparatus unit and the removal of the same from the rotary apparatus unit is arranged through different opposing flange components (2, 6).

9. The rotary apparatus unit in accordance with patent claim 1, characterised in that the said at least one groove (Ib; lba, lbb) forming the cylinder room in the intermediate element (1) of the rotary apparatus unit has circular overall shape, wherein the centre of the circular radius of said at least one groove (Ib; lba, lbb) is seen in perpendicular section with respect to the axial direction of the rotary apparatus unit at the centre of the intermediate element (1) in a manner that the radius of curvature Rl corresponds in a certain axial point of the intermediate element (1) to the position of the outer edge of the groove (Ib; lba, lbb) and the radius of curvature R2 in the corresponding point to the position of the inner edge of the groove (Ib; lba, lbb), thus Rl - R2 = SL, where SL is the radial width of the cylinder room in that point.

10. The rotary apparatus unit in accordance with any of the patent claims 1-9, characterised in that in the intermediate element (1) of the rotary apparatus unit has at least one circumferential groove (Ib; lba, lbb) functioning as the cylinder room, the centre of the radius of the groove (Ib; lba ,lbb) being in the centre of the intermediate element (1) seen in section perpendicular with respect to the axial direction of the rotary apparatus, and that between the ends of the groove (Ib) or grooves (lba, lbb) there is a partition wall (Ic) so that equation 2-π-R = n-(UPS + VSPS) is valid, where UPS is the length of the groove (Ib; lba, lbb) in the direction of the mean curvature radius R and VSPS is the length of the partition element (Ic) in the same direction and n is the number of the groove(s) (Ib; lba, lbb) and partition elements (Ic).

11. The rotary apparatus unit in accordance with any of the patent claims 1- 10, characterised in that the inner and/or outer surface of the groove(s) (Ib; lba, lbb) forming the cylinder room is axial (A) or divergent from that (AB, BA, BB), and a cross-section of the piston arrangement (3c) in radial direction is respectively essentially rectangle (A), trapezium (AB, BA) or the parallelogram (BB).

12. The rotary apparatus unit in accordance with any of the patent claims 1- 10, characterised in that the length of the groove (Ib) in the intermediate element (1) of the rotary apparatus measured in direction of the periphery of the groove is at least 120 degrees ±60 degrees, suitably 210 degrees ±30 degrees, most suitably 295 degrees ±45 degrees.

13. The rotary apparatus unit in accordance with any of the patent claims 1— 10, characterised in that the length of the grooves (lba, lbb) in the intermediate element (1) of the rotary apparatus measured in direction of the periphery of the grooves (lba, lbb) is at most 175 degrees.

14. The rotary apparatus unit in accordance with the patent claim 1, characterised in that a support ring (21) or alike is arranged at the site of the intermediate member (1) between the flange components (2, 6), to circumference at least partially the said member (1), wherein the flange components (2, 6) are attached together with the tightening means, suitably with tightening bolts (22), and that the output of the rotational movement out of the rotary apparatus has been arranged through the axial centre hole (IR) in the intermediate member (1) by using an element (31) attached to it.

15. The rotary apparatus unit in accordance with the patent claim 1 or 14, characterised in that the element (31) to be used for the output of the rotational movement is a tubular piece or alike, which is projecting outwards from the end of the rotary apparatus, and into which the shaft (23) is situated, and that the shaft (23) has been locked in a non-rotational manner to the flange component (6), by using the locking parts (24a, 24b).

16. The rotary apparatus unit in accordance with the patent claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the shaft (23) is provided with two tubular conduits (23a, 23b) separated from each other and being arranged in the longitudinal direction of the shaft (23), wherein the first one of the conduits (23 a) is connected with the first flange component (2, 6) and the second one of the conduits (23b) is connected with the opposite second flange component (6, 2), that both of the tubular conduits (23 a, 23b) has been provided with a radial tubular conduit (16a, 16b) or alike apart from each other in the longitudinal direction of the shaft (23), that each of the radial tubular conduits (16a, 16b) has the first end at the outer surface of the tubular conduit (23a, 23b) in question and the second end at the surface of the shaft (23), wherein the common axial centre hole (2R, 6R, IR) in the flange components (2, 6) and in the intermediate member (1) receives the shaft (23) in the assembled position, the first radial tubular conduit (16a) is positioned at the first flange component (2, 6) seen in the radial direction, and the second radial tubular conduit (16b) is positioned at the opposite second flange component (6, 2) seen in the in the radial direction, both of the radial tubular conduits (16a, 16b) being in a pressure medium flow contact with continuation conduits (19, 20) in connection with the flange component (2, 6) in question.

17. The rotary apparatus unit in accordance with the patent claim 1, 2 or 16, characterised in that the outer surface of the shaft (23), at the site of each of the radial tubular conduits (16a, 16b) is provided with a ring-shaped groove (14a, 14b) or alike, each of them situated in a plane perpendicular with the axial direction of the shaft (23), that the outer surface of the shaft (23) is provided with ring-shaped sealing grooves (15) or alike with corresponding ring-shaped gaskets on both sides of each of the ring shaped grooves (14a 14b) or alike, and that the said sealing grooves (15) with gaskets are situated in the assembled position of the shaft at the flange component (2, 6) in question.

18 The rotary apparatus unit in accordance with the patent claim 1, 2, 16 or 17, characterised in that the both the first and the second one of the ring- shaped grooves (14a, 14b) or alike are situated at the site of the first end of the continuation conduits (19, 20) in the respective flange component (2, 6), each of the continuation conduits (19, 20) being in pressure medium flow contact with a pressure effected side of the piston arrangement (3 c) in a manner that the pressure medium going through the continuation conduits (19, 20) is rotating the flange components (2, 6) and the intermediate element (1) with respect to each other.

19. The rotary apparatus unit in accordance with the patent claim 1-4 or 16- 18, characterised in that each continuation conduit (19, 20) comprises within each flange component (2, 6) substantially radial first bore (20) or alike, the first end (20a) of which is at the surface of the centre axial hole (2R, 6R) of the flange component (2, 6) in question during the pressure medium flow trough the shaft (23) and, wherein the shaft (23) is not used in feeding and removal of the pressure medium, the first end (20b) of the substantially radial bore (20) or alike is situated on the outer surface of the flange component (2, 6) in question, wherein the continuation conduit (19, 20) further comprises in both embodiments within each flange component (2, 6) a substantially axial second bore (19) or alike in a pressure medium flow contact with the radial first bore(20), the second bore (19) being situated beside the piston arrangement (3c) in connection with the groove(s) (Ib; lba, lbb).

20. The rotary apparatus unit in accordance with the patent claim 1—4 or 16- 19, characterised in that each of the pivot-shaped parts (3) comprise an intermediate part (3b) in both sides of the piston arrangement (3c), between the said piston arrangement (3 c) and the threaded screw sections (3 a), wherein intermediate parts (3 c) are situated in the assembled position into each of the through hole(s) (2a, 6a; 2b, 6b), wherein the second bore (19) is formed as a groove at the side of each of the through hole(s) (2a, 6a; 2b, 6b).

21. The rotary apparatus unit in accordance with the patent claim 1, characterised in that the power output is arranged by using a sleeve-shaped gearing means (27) surrounding the first flange component (2) and the intermediate element (1), the sleeve-shaped gearing means (27) being attached to the intermediate element (1) at the first end of the same, for instance, by means of radial screw fixation, wherein the output of the rotational force is arranged through the second end (27a) of the sleeve-shaped gearing means (27), and that the flange component (6), not situated inside the sleeve-shaped gearing means (27) has been attached to a firm base (25) or alike

22. An system for coupling at least two rotary apparatus units in accordance with patent claims 1-21 to form an operating entity characterised in that

- each of the rotary apparatus units (A, B, C...) is coupled to the same common axle (23 A, 23B, 23C...), which comprises in its longitudinal direction sequentially a) radial drillings (16a, 16b) or equivalent, b) circular grooves (25a, 25b) and also c) seal grooves (15) or equivalent groups for each rotary apparatus unit (A, B, C...) to be coupled into the arrangement, and that

-the rotary apparatus units are connected with a means mediating the rotation (12) supplying the rotational effect of each rotary apparatus unit (A, B, C.) coupled to the system in order to combine single rotations of the rotary apparatus units (A, B, C...) into the coupled rotation.

23. The system for coupling at least two rotary apparatus units in accordance with patent claim 22, characterised in that the rotary apparatus units (A and C) at the opposite ends of the combination are combined by a frame construction (13), suitably by a shielding tube, wherein the flange components (2), (in Fig. 4) in the rotary apparatus units (A and C) at the opposite ends of the combination, facing outwards from the combination are attached in connection with the frame construction (13); the first one (the rotary apparatus unit (A), the flange components (2), in Fig. 4) fixedly; and the second one (the rotary apparatus unit (C), the flange components (2), in Fig. 4) in a manner that rotation of the same is allowed in the axial direction with respect to the frame construction (13).

24. The system for coupling at least two rotary apparatus units in accordance with patent claim 23, characterised in that the flange components (2) (in (A), and (C) in Fig. 4), which are facing outwards from the combination, so called end flange components have a greater radius than those flange components (6) (in (A), one component; in (B), both components; and in (C), one component) situated inside the tubular frame construction (13), wherein the radiuses of the intermediate elements (1) in the combination are smaller than the radiuses of the end flange components (2) facing outwards from the combination, but greater than or equal to the radiuses of the flange components (6) inside the tubular frame construction (13).

25. The system for coupling at least two rotary apparatus units in accordance with patent claim 23, characterised in that the intermediate element (IA) of the first apparatus unit (A) which is fixedly attached to the frame construction (13), is connected by means (12) mediating the rotation, suitably by covering tube with peripheral radial screw attachments 12a in both ends of the same to the next, second rotary unit (B), more precisely to the intermediate element (IB) of the same, attached to the shaft 23A, 23B, 23C, the means (12) mediating the rotation between the sequential rotary apparatus units (B to C, C to D etc.) have been arranged in a manner that the flange component (6) inside the tubular frame construction (13) of the preceding rotary apparatus (for instance B, in Fig. 4) facing towards the next rotary apparatus unit in axial direction (for instance C, in Fig. 4) is attached to the intermediate element (for instance 1C, in Fig. 4) of the said next rotary apparatus unit.

26. The system for coupling at least two rotary apparatus units in accordance with patent claim 22, characterised in that the grooves (Ib; lba, lbb) in each rotary apparatus unit (A, B, C .) are situated in order to accomplish a combinatory rotational movement so that the overall rotation angle of the system desired is achieved, suitably by consecutive series of movements and/or so that the grooves (Ib; lba, lbb) are in the rotational direction at least partially situated to co-operate (one upon the other seen in perpendicular section with respect to the axial direction) simultaneously for instance in order to accomplish a momentary change in moment or momentum during the rotation.