WO2007028697A1 - Filter element having improved soot distribution - Google Patents

Filter element having improved soot distribution Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007028697A1
WO2007028697A1 PCT/EP2006/065448 EP2006065448W WO2007028697A1 WO 2007028697 A1 WO2007028697 A1 WO 2007028697A1 EP 2006065448 W EP2006065448 W EP 2006065448W WO 2007028697 A1 WO2007028697 A1 WO 2007028697A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
filter element
longitudinal axis
channels
exit surface
inlet
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2006/065448
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Bernd Reinsch
Ruediger Herr
Hans-Peter Frisse
Teruo Komori
Lars Thuener
Stefan Motz
Matthias Kruse
Christian Schiller
Andreas Mattern
Christoph Osemann
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2007028697A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007028697A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
    • F01N3/0222—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being monolithic, e.g. honeycombs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2892—Exhaust flow directors or the like, e.g. upstream of catalytic device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/06—Ceramic, e.g. monoliths
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/18—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes the axis of inlet or outlet tubes being other than the longitudinal axis of apparatus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a filter element for cleaning the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1 and a soot filter with a filter element according to the independent claim 6.
  • Such filter elements are used for example as a soot filter for diesel internal combustion engines.
  • the filter elements often consist of a ceramic material and have a plurality of mutually parallel inlet channels and outlet channels.
  • the blank of the filter element is a prismatic body with a plurality of mutually parallel channels.
  • the channels of a blank are initially open at both ends.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a filter element and a soot filter, in which the local accumulation of soot deposits avoided, but at least reduced.
  • Filter element for exhaust gas purification with a longitudinal axis parallel to the main flow direction of the exhaust gas, with a plurality of parallel to the longitudinal axis extending inlet channels, and with a plurality of parallel to the longitudinal axis extending outlet channels, wherein the Start entry channels at an entrance surface of the filter element and are closed at an exit surface of the filter element, and wherein the exit channels are closed at the entrance surface and terminate at the exit surface, achieved in that the
  • Exit surface and / or the entrance surface is at least sectionally curved.
  • inlet channels which are located in the immediate vicinity of the longitudinal axis or the axis of symmetry of the filter element, to be designed to be longer than the inlet channels arranged on the outer edge of the filter element.
  • the relative lengthening of the inlet ducts near the axis of symmetry achieves an enlargement of the surface area of these internal inlet ducts, thus increasing the capacity to deposit carbon black in the hazardous area.
  • a local increase in the flow resistance in the middle so that a larger part of the exhaust gas is deflected to the outside and so the outside of the inlet channels are flowed through more.
  • the local increase in the flow resistance in its center can compensate for the increased back pressure in the middle of the filter element in whole or in part.
  • temperature peaks which usually result in filter elements with flat exit surfaces in the region of the axis of symmetry at the rear end of the filter element, can be reduced or at least mitigated. This also reduces the accumulation of soot in the critical region at the rear end of the filter element in the region of the axis of symmetry.
  • Filter element is at least partially frustoconical.
  • the entry surface and / or the exit surface may be concave and / or convexly curved at least in sections in a sectional plane passing through the longitudinal axis.
  • the filter element is rotationally symmetrical.
  • the advantages of the invention are also due to a soot filter with a filter element according to the preamble of sibling claim 6 achieved when a filter element according to the invention is used.
  • a distance is provided between the housing and the filter element at both ends in the flow direction.
  • Figure 1 shows a conventional soot filter with a
  • Figure 2 shows a soot filter with a filter element according to the invention
  • soot filter 1 shows a soot filter 1 according to the prior art with a feed line 3, a diffuser 5, a housing 7 and a filter element 9 shown partially cut.
  • the soot filter 1 flows through in the direction of the arrows 11.
  • To the housing 7 include a cone 13 and a derivative 15 at.
  • the filter element 9 is gas-tightly connected to the housing, so that the exhaust gas flowing through the supply line 3 (not shown) must flow through the filter element 9.
  • the filter element 9 has an entry surface 17 and an exit surface 19.
  • both the entry surface 17 and the exit surface 19 are planar.
  • the filter element 19 is traversed by a plurality of channels extending from the entrance surface 17 to the exit surface 19.
  • the inlet channels 21 are open at the inlet surface 17 and closed at the outlet surface 19.
  • the so-called outlet channels 23 are closed at the entry surface 17 and open at the exit surface 19.
  • the closures of the inlet channels 21 and the outlet channels 23 are shown in Figure 1 as black areas without reference numerals.
  • a disadvantage of the filter element 9 shown in Figure 1 is that in the region of the longitudinal axis 25, which may be simultaneously symmetry axis, at the rear End of the filter element 9 soot accumulations form.
  • the area in which the unwanted soot accumulations occur is shown in Figure 1 with a Buchschraffür.
  • FIG. 2 shows various embodiments according to the invention of the entry surface 17 and the exit surface 19, which avoid the unwanted accumulation of soot in the area shown crosshatched in FIG.
  • FIG. 2 a total of four inlet surfaces 17 and outlet surfaces 19 are shown, which will be described in detail below. However, it goes without saying that the embodiments explained with reference to the entry surfaces 17 are also applicable to exit surfaces 19 and vice versa.
  • a first exemplary embodiment of an entry surface 17 according to the invention above the longitudinal axis 25 is identified by the reference numeral 17a.
  • the entry surface 17a is formed in the form of a cone or a pyramid, so that the inlet channels 21 in the immediate vicinity of the longitudinal axis 25 are longer than the inlet channels 21 at the outer edge of the filter element 9, where it is sealed to the housing 7.
  • the shape of the entry surface 17a also directs the exhaust gas, which flows through the supply line 3 into the filter housing 7, to the outside, so that the more outer inlet channels 21 are better flowed through and accordingly located in the center of the filter element 9 inlet channels 21 are relieved.
  • a similar effect can also be achieved if the entrance surface 17b, as shown below the longitudinal axis 25, is convexly curved.
  • a frustoconical exit surface 19a is shown, to which a flat section 19b adjoins.
  • the flat portion 19b of the exit surface has in the embodiment shown in Figure 2 about the same diameter as the discharge line 15 and the supply line 3, so that the inlet channels 21 in the area which is acted upon directly by the inlet 3 flowing through the exhaust gas, all are the same length.
  • an exit surface 19c is shown, which is shaped in cross section like a staircase.
  • the desired effect is achieved and at the same time the closing of the inlet channels in the region of the exit surface 19c is facilitated, since the exit surface 19c consists of a plurality of planar, but staggered annular surfaces 19.1 to 19.6.
  • the inlet surface 17 with respect to their positioning and their geometry with the diffuser 5 of the filter housing 17 must be tuned so that between the diffuser 5 and the inlet surface 17 is sufficient space so that the exhaust gas in the can reach peripheral areas of the filter element 9. The same applies with respect to the exit surface 19 and the cone 13. It is important here that the exhaust gases emerging from the outlet channels 23 can be collected with the lowest possible flow losses and fed to the discharge line 15.

Abstract

A filter element (9) and a filter are proposed, in which the soot deposits within the filter element (9) are distributed uniformly.

Description

Filterelement mit verbesserter RußverteilungFilter element with improved soot distribution
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Filterelement zur Reinigung der Abgase einer Brennkraftmaschine nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 und einen Rußfilter mit einem Filterelement nach dem nebengeordneten Anspruch 6. Derartige Filterelemente werden beispielsweise als Rußfilter für Dieselbrennkraftmaschinen eingesetzt .The invention relates to a filter element for cleaning the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1 and a soot filter with a filter element according to the independent claim 6. Such filter elements are used for example as a soot filter for diesel internal combustion engines.
Die Filterelemente bestehen häufig aus einem keramischen Werkstoff und weisen eine Vielzahl von parallel zueinander verlaufenden Eintrittskanälen und Austrittskanälen auf.The filter elements often consist of a ceramic material and have a plurality of mutually parallel inlet channels and outlet channels.
Hergestellt werden Filterelemente aus keramischenMade of ceramic filter elements
Werkstoffen durch extrudieren. Dies bedeutet, dass der Rohling des Filterelements ein prismatischer Körper mit einer Vielzahl von parallel zueinander verlaufenden Kanälen ist. Die Kanäle eines Rohlings sind zunächst an beiden Enden offen.Extrude materials through. This means that the blank of the filter element is a prismatic body with a plurality of mutually parallel channels. The channels of a blank are initially open at both ends.
Damit das zu reinigende Abgas durch die Wände des Filters strömt, die eine Gruppe von Kanälen am hinteren Ende des Filterelements verschlossen, während die andere Gruppe von Kanälen am vorderen Ende des Filterelements verschlossen werden. Dadurch werden zwei Gruppen von Kanälen gebildet, nämlich die sogenannten Eintrittskanäle, welche am hinteren Ende verschlossen sind und die sogenannten Austrittskanäle, welche am Anfang des Filterelements verschlossen sind.So that the exhaust gas to be cleaned flows through the walls of the filter, which closes a group of channels at the rear end of the filter element, while the other group of channels are closed at the front end of the filter element. This forms two groups of channels, namely the so-called inlet channels, which are closed at the rear end and the so-called outlet channels, which are closed at the beginning of the filter element.
Zwischen den Eintrittskanälen und den Austrittskanälen besteht nur über die porösen Wände des Filterelements eine Strömungsverbindung, so dass das Abgas das Filterelement nur durchströmen kann, in dem es aus den Eintrittskanälen durch die Wände des Filterelements hindurch in die Austrittskanäle strömt.Between the inlet channels and the outlet channels there is a flow connection only via the porous walls of the filter element, so that the exhaust gas can only flow through the filter element, in which it flows from the inlet channels through the walls of the filter element into the outlet channels.
Um einen möglichst effektiven Betrieb des Filterelements zu gewährleisten, ist eine gleichmäßige Beaufschlagung mit Abgasen und Beanspruchung aller Bereiche des Filterelements während des Betriebs der Brennkraftmaschine wünschenswert.In order to ensure the most effective operation of the filter element, a uniform application of exhaust gases and stress on all areas of the filter element during operation of the internal combustion engine is desirable.
Bei herkömmlichen Filterelementen ist es jedoch so, dass sich am hinteren Ende in der Nähe der Längsachse oder Symmetrieachse eine erhöhte Menge von Ruß anlagert, was zum Verstopfen des Filterelements in diesem Bereich führt und dadurch den Strömungswiderstand des Filterelements erhöht und gleichzeitig die Leistungsfähigkeit des Filterelements reduziert .In conventional filter elements, however, an increased amount of soot is deposited at the rear end in the vicinity of the longitudinal axis or axis of symmetry, resulting in clogging of the filter element in this region, thereby increasing the flow resistance of the filter element while reducing the performance of the filter element ,
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Filterelement und einen Rußfilter bereitzustellen, bei denen die lokale Anhäufung von Rußablagerungen vermieden, zumindest jedoch verringert wird.The invention has for its object to provide a filter element and a soot filter, in which the local accumulation of soot deposits avoided, but at least reduced.
Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem erfindungsgemäßenThis object is achieved in an inventive
Filterelement zur Abgasreinigung mit einer parallel zur Hauptströmungsrichtung des Abgases verlaufende Längsachse, mit einer Vielzahl von parallel zur Längsachse verlaufenden Eintrittskanälen, und mit einer Vielzahl von parallel zur Längsachse verlaufenden Austrittskanälen, wobei die Eintrittskanäle an einer Eintrittsfläche des Filterelements beginnen und an einer Austrittsfläche des Filterelements verschlossen sind, und wobei die Austrittskanäle an der Eintrittsfläche verschlossen sind und an der Austrittsfläche enden, dadurch gelöst, dass dieFilter element for exhaust gas purification with a longitudinal axis parallel to the main flow direction of the exhaust gas, with a plurality of parallel to the longitudinal axis extending inlet channels, and with a plurality of parallel to the longitudinal axis extending outlet channels, wherein the Start entry channels at an entrance surface of the filter element and are closed at an exit surface of the filter element, and wherein the exit channels are closed at the entrance surface and terminate at the exit surface, achieved in that the
Austrittsfläche und/oder die Eintrittsfläche mindestens Abschnittsweise gekrümmt ist.Exit surface and / or the entrance surface is at least sectionally curved.
Dadurch ist es möglich, die Eintrittskanäle, welche sich in unmittelbarer Nähe der Längsachse beziehungsweise der Symmetrieachse des Filterelements befinden, länger auszubilden als die am äußeren Rand des Filterelements angeordneten Eintrittskanäle auszubilden.This makes it possible for the inlet channels, which are located in the immediate vicinity of the longitudinal axis or the axis of symmetry of the filter element, to be designed to be longer than the inlet channels arranged on the outer edge of the filter element.
Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention
Dadurch werden mehrere Effekte erzielt, die sich additiv und positiv auf die Vergleichmäßigung der Rußablagerung innerhalb des Filterelements auswirken.As a result, several effects are achieved which have an additive and positive effect on the homogenization of the soot deposit within the filter element.
Durch die relative Verlängerung der Eintrittskanäle in der nähe der Symmetrieachse erreicht, dass die Oberfläche dieser inneren Eintrittskanäle vergrößert wird und somit die Kapazität zur Anlagerung von Ruß in dem gefährdeten Bereich erhöht wird.The relative lengthening of the inlet ducts near the axis of symmetry achieves an enlargement of the surface area of these internal inlet ducts, thus increasing the capacity to deposit carbon black in the hazardous area.
Des weiteren verursacht über die größere Länge der inneren Eintrittskanäle eine lokale Erhöhung des Strömungswiderstands in dessen Mitte, so dass ein größerer Teil des Abgases nach Außen abgelenkt wird und so die außen gelegenen Eintrittskanäle stärker durchströmt werden. Die lokale Erhöhung des Strömungswiderstands in dessen Mitte kann den erhöhten Staudrucks in der Mitte des Filterelements ganz oder teilweise kompensieren. Des weiteren können Temperaturspitzen, die sich üblicherweise bei Filterelementen mit ebenen Austrittsflächen im Bereich der Symmetrieachse am hinteren Ende des Filterelements ergeben, abgebaut oder zumindest abgemildert werden. Auch dadurch wird die Anhäufung von Ruß in dem kritischen Bereich am hinteren Ende des Filterelements im Bereich der Symmetrieachse verringert.Furthermore caused over the greater length of the inner inlet channels, a local increase in the flow resistance in the middle, so that a larger part of the exhaust gas is deflected to the outside and so the outside of the inlet channels are flowed through more. The local increase in the flow resistance in its center can compensate for the increased back pressure in the middle of the filter element in whole or in part. Furthermore, temperature peaks, which usually result in filter elements with flat exit surfaces in the region of the axis of symmetry at the rear end of the filter element, can be reduced or at least mitigated. This also reduces the accumulation of soot in the critical region at the rear end of the filter element in the region of the axis of symmetry.
Es hat sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn die Austrittsfläche und/oder die Eintrittsfläche desIt has proven to be advantageous if the exit surface and / or the entrance surface of the
Filterelements mindestens abschnittsweise kegelstumpfförmig ist. Alternativ ist es selbstverständlich auch möglich, die Eintrittsfläche und/oder die Austrittsfläche in einer durch die Längsachse verlaufende Schnittebene mindestens Abschnittsweise konkav und/oder konvex gekrümmt auszuführen .Filter element is at least partially frustoconical. Alternatively, it is of course also possible for the entry surface and / or the exit surface to be concave and / or convexly curved at least in sections in a sectional plane passing through the longitudinal axis.
Mit Hilfe dieser Geometrien, kann die Ablenkung des Abgases von der Symmetrieachse weg hin zu den peripheren Bereichen des Filterelements weiter unterstützt werden.With the aid of these geometries, the deflection of the exhaust gas from the axis of symmetry away towards the peripheral areas of the filter element can be further supported.
Es hat sich ebenfalls als vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn die Eintrittsfläche und/oder die Austrittsfläche, nahe der Längsachse bzw. der Symmetrieachse eben ist. Dadurch wird gewährleistet, dass alle Eintrittskanäle, die im unmittelbaren Anströmbereich des Abgases liegen, die gleiche Länge aufweisen.It has also proven to be advantageous if the entrance surface and / or the exit surface, near the longitudinal axis or the axis of symmetry is flat. This ensures that all inlet channels, which lie in the immediate inflow region of the exhaust gas, have the same length.
Aus Gründen der vereinfachten Fertigung und des verbesserten Betriebsverhaltens hat es sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn das Filterelement rotationssymmetrisch ist.For reasons of simplified production and improved performance, it has proven to be advantageous if the filter element is rotationally symmetrical.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Vorteile werden auch durch einen Rußfilter mit einem Filterelement nach dem Oberbegriff des nebengeordneten Anspruchs 6 erreicht, wenn ein erfindungsgemäßen Filterelement eingesetzt wird.The advantages of the invention are also due to a soot filter with a filter element according to the preamble of sibling claim 6 achieved when a filter element according to the invention is used.
Um die Verteilung des Abgases über den gesamten Durchmesser des Filterelements zu ermöglichen und zu verbessern aus den Austrittskanälen zu ermöglichen bzw. zu erleichtern, ist zwischen dem Gehäuse und dem Filterelement an beiden Enden in Strömungsrichtung ein Abstand zueinander vorgesehen.In order to enable and facilitate the distribution of the exhaust gas over the entire diameter of the filter element and to facilitate from the outlet channels, a distance is provided between the housing and the filter element at both ends in the flow direction.
Weitere Vorteile und vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind der nachfolgenden Zeichnung, deren Beschreibung und den Patentansprüchen entnehmbar. Alle in der Zeichnung, deren Beschreibung und den Patentansprüchen genannten Vorteile können sowohl Einzeln als auch in beliebiger Kombination miteinander erfindungswesentlich sein.Further advantages and advantageous embodiments of the invention are the following drawings, the description and the claims removable. All mentioned in the drawing, the description and the claims advantages may be essential to the invention both individually and in any combination.
Zeichnungendrawings
Es zeigen:Show it:
Figur 1 einen herkömmlichen Rußfilter mit einemFigure 1 shows a conventional soot filter with a
Filterelement nach dem Stand der Technik undFilter element according to the prior art and
Figur 2 einen Rußfilter mit einem erfindungsgemäßen FilterelementFigure 2 shows a soot filter with a filter element according to the invention
Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments
Figur 1 zeigt einen Rußfilter 1 nach dem Stand der Technik mit einer Zuleitung 3, einem Diffusor 5, einem Gehäuse 7 und einem Filterelement 9 teilweise geschnitten dargestellt. Durchströmt wird der Rußfilter 1 in Richtung der Pfeile 11. An das Gehäuse 7 schließen ein Konus 13 und eine Ableitung 15 an.1 shows a soot filter 1 according to the prior art with a feed line 3, a diffuser 5, a housing 7 and a filter element 9 shown partially cut. The soot filter 1 flows through in the direction of the arrows 11. To the housing 7 include a cone 13 and a derivative 15 at.
Das Filterelement 9 ist gasdicht mit dem Gehäuse verbunden, so dass das durch die Zuleitung 3 strömende Abgas (nicht dargestellt) durch das Filterelement 9 hindurchströmen muss. Das Filterelement 9 weist eine Eintrittsfläche 17 und eine Austrittsfläche 19 auf.The filter element 9 is gas-tightly connected to the housing, so that the exhaust gas flowing through the supply line 3 (not shown) must flow through the filter element 9. The filter element 9 has an entry surface 17 and an exit surface 19.
Bei dem in Figur 1 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel eines herkömmlichen Filterelements 9 sind sowohl die Eintrittsfläche 17 als auch die Austrittsfläche 19 eben ausgebildet . Das Filterelement 19 ist von einer Vielzahl von Kanälen durchzogen, die sich von der Eintrittsfläche 17 bis zur Austrittsfläche 19 erstrecken.In the exemplary embodiment of a conventional filter element 9 illustrated in FIG. 1, both the entry surface 17 and the exit surface 19 are planar. The filter element 19 is traversed by a plurality of channels extending from the entrance surface 17 to the exit surface 19.
Damit das Abgas durch die Wände (ohne Bezugszeichen) des Filterelements 9 strömen muss, sind die Eintrittskanäle 21 an der Eintrittsfläche 17 offen und an der Austrittsfläche 19 verschlossen. Die sogenannten Austrittskanäle 23 sind an der Eintrittsfläche 17 verschlossen und an der Austrittsfläche 19 offen. Die Verschlüsse der Eintrittskanäle 21 und der Austrittskanäle 23 sind in Figur 1 als schwarze Flächen ohne Bezugszeichen dargestellt.In order for the exhaust gas to flow through the walls (without reference numeral) of the filter element 9, the inlet channels 21 are open at the inlet surface 17 and closed at the outlet surface 19. The so-called outlet channels 23 are closed at the entry surface 17 and open at the exit surface 19. The closures of the inlet channels 21 and the outlet channels 23 are shown in Figure 1 as black areas without reference numerals.
Das in Figur 1 in einem Teilschnitt dargestellte Muster von jeweils einem Eintrittskanal 21, der sich mit einem Austrittskanal 23 abwechselt, setzt sich über die gesamte Querschnittsfläche des Filterelements in an sich bekannter Weise fort.The pattern illustrated in a partial section in FIG. 1, each of which has an inlet channel 21 which alternates with an outlet channel 23, continues over the entire cross-sectional area of the filter element in a manner known per se.
Nachteilig an dem in Figur 1 dargestellten Filterelement 9 ist, dass sich im Bereich der Längsachse 25, die gleichzeitig auch Symmetrieachse sein kann, am hinteren Ende des Filterelements 9 Rußanhäufungen bilden. Der Bereich in dem die unerwünschten Rußanhäufungen auftreten ist in Figur 1 mit einer Kreuzschraffür dargestellt.A disadvantage of the filter element 9 shown in Figure 1 is that in the region of the longitudinal axis 25, which may be simultaneously symmetry axis, at the rear End of the filter element 9 soot accumulations form. The area in which the unwanted soot accumulations occur is shown in Figure 1 with a Kreuzschraffür.
In Figur 2 sind verschiedenen erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltungen der Eintrittsfläche 17 und der Austrittsfläche 19 dargestellt, welche die unerwünschten Rußanhäufungen in dem in Figur 1 kreuzschraffiert dargestellten Bereich vermeiden.FIG. 2 shows various embodiments according to the invention of the entry surface 17 and the exit surface 19, which avoid the unwanted accumulation of soot in the area shown crosshatched in FIG.
In der Figur 2 sind insgesamt vier Eintrittsflächen 17 und Austrittsflächen 19 dargestellt, die nachfolgend im Einzelnen beschrieben werden. Es versteht sich jedoch von selbst, dass die anhand der Eintrittsflächen 17 erläuterten Ausführungsbeispiele auch bei Austrittsflächen 19 anwendbar sind und umgekehrt.In FIG. 2, a total of four inlet surfaces 17 and outlet surfaces 19 are shown, which will be described in detail below. However, it goes without saying that the embodiments explained with reference to the entry surfaces 17 are also applicable to exit surfaces 19 and vice versa.
In Figur 2 ist ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Eintrittsfläche 17 oberhalb der Längsachse 25 mit dem Bezugszeichen 17a gekennzeichnet. Bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Eintrittsfläche 17a in Form eines Kegels oder einer Pyramide ausgebildet, so dass die Eintrittskanäle 21 in unmittelbarer Nähe der Längsachse 25 länger sind als die Eintrittskanäle 21 am äußeren Rand des Filterelements 9, dort wo es zum Gehäuse 7 abgedichtet ist .In FIG. 2, a first exemplary embodiment of an entry surface 17 according to the invention above the longitudinal axis 25 is identified by the reference numeral 17a. In this embodiment, the entry surface 17a is formed in the form of a cone or a pyramid, so that the inlet channels 21 in the immediate vicinity of the longitudinal axis 25 are longer than the inlet channels 21 at the outer edge of the filter element 9, where it is sealed to the housing 7.
Die Form der Eintrittsfläche 17a lenkt außerdem das Abgas, welches durch die Zuleitung 3 in das Filtergehäuse 7 einströmt, nach außen ab, so dass die weiter außen liegenden Eintrittskanäle 21 besser durchströmt werden und entsprechend die im Zentrum des Filterelements 9 gelegenen Eintrittskanäle 21 entlastet werden. Ein ähnlicher Effekt kann auch erreicht werden, wenn die Eintrittsfläche 17b, wie sie unterhalb der Längsachse 25 dargestellt ist, konvex gekrümmt ist.The shape of the entry surface 17a also directs the exhaust gas, which flows through the supply line 3 into the filter housing 7, to the outside, so that the more outer inlet channels 21 are better flowed through and accordingly located in the center of the filter element 9 inlet channels 21 are relieved. A similar effect can also be achieved if the entrance surface 17b, as shown below the longitudinal axis 25, is convexly curved.
Es versteht sich von selbst, dass auch Kombinationen konvexer, konkaver (nicht dargestellt) und/oder kegelstumpfförmiger Abschnitte der Eintrittsfläche 17 eingesetzt werden können, um die gewünschte Ablenkung des Abgases in die peripheren Bereiche des Filterelements 9 und die Verlängerung der Eintrittskanäle 21 im Bereich der Längsachse 25 zu erreichen.It goes without saying that combinations of convex, concave (not shown) and / or frusto-conical portions of the entrance surface 17 can be used to the desired deflection of the exhaust gas in the peripheral regions of the filter element 9 and the extension of the inlet channels 21 in the region Longitudinal axis 25 to reach.
In Figur 2 ist oberhalb der Längsachse 25 eine kegelstumpfförmige Austrittsfläche 19a dargestellt, an die sich ein ebener Abschnitt 19b anschließt. Der ebene Abschnitt 19b der Austrittsfläche hat bei dem in Figur 2 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel etwa den gleichen Durchmesser wie die Ableitung 15 und die Zuleitung 3, so dass die Eintrittskanäle 21 in dem Bereich, der unmittelbar von dem durch die Zuleitung 3 zuströmenden Abgas beaufschlagt wird, alle gleich lang sind.In FIG. 2, above the longitudinal axis 25, a frustoconical exit surface 19a is shown, to which a flat section 19b adjoins. The flat portion 19b of the exit surface has in the embodiment shown in Figure 2 about the same diameter as the discharge line 15 and the supply line 3, so that the inlet channels 21 in the area which is acted upon directly by the inlet 3 flowing through the exhaust gas, all are the same length.
Im unteren Teil der Figur 2 ist eine Austrittsfläche 19c dargestellt, die im Querschnitt wie eine Treppe geformt ist. Dadurch wird einerseits der gewünschte Effekt erreicht und gleichzeitig wird das Verschließen der Eintrittskanäle im Bereich der Austrittsfläche 19c erleichtert, da die Austrittsfläche 19c aus mehreren ebenen, jedoch gestaffelt zueinander angeordneten Kreisringflächen 19.1 bis 19.6 besteht .In the lower part of Figure 2, an exit surface 19c is shown, which is shaped in cross section like a staircase. As a result, on the one hand the desired effect is achieved and at the same time the closing of the inlet channels in the region of the exit surface 19c is facilitated, since the exit surface 19c consists of a plurality of planar, but staggered annular surfaces 19.1 to 19.6.
Es versteht sich von selbst dass die Eintrittsfläche 17 bezüglich ihrer Positionierung und ihrer Geometrie mit dem Diffusor 5 des Filtergehäuses 17 so abgestimmt sein muss, dass zwischen dem Diffusor 5 und der Eintrittsfläche 17 ausreichend Platz ist, damit das Abgas auch in die peripheren Bereiche des Filterelements 9 gelangen kann. Entsprechendes gilt bezüglich der Austrittsfläche 19 und dem Konus 13. Hier ist von Bedeutung, dass die aus den Austrittskanälen 23 austretenden Abgase mit möglichst geringen Strömungsverlusten gesammelt und der Ableitung 15 zugeführt werden können. It goes without saying that the inlet surface 17 with respect to their positioning and their geometry with the diffuser 5 of the filter housing 17 must be tuned so that between the diffuser 5 and the inlet surface 17 is sufficient space so that the exhaust gas in the can reach peripheral areas of the filter element 9. The same applies with respect to the exit surface 19 and the cone 13. It is important here that the exhaust gases emerging from the outlet channels 23 can be collected with the lowest possible flow losses and fed to the discharge line 15.

Claims

10 Ansprüche 10 claims
1. Filterelement zur Abgas-Reinigung, mit einer parallel zur Hauptströmungsrichtung des Abgases verlaufenden Längsachse (25) , mit einer Vielzahl von parallel zur1. Filter element for exhaust gas purification, with a parallel to the main flow direction of the exhaust gas extending longitudinal axis (25), with a plurality of parallel to
15 Längsachse (25) verlaufenden Eintrittskanälen (21) , und mit einer Vielzahl von parallel zur Längsachse (15) verlaufenden Austrittskanälen (23) , wobei die Eintrittskanäle (21) an einer Eintrittsfläche (17) des Filterelements (9) beginnen und an einer Austrittsfläche15 longitudinal axis (25) extending inlet channels (21), and with a plurality of parallel to the longitudinal axis (15) extending outlet channels (23), wherein the inlet channels (21) at an inlet surface (17) of the filter element (9) begin and at an exit surface
20 (19) des Filterelements (9) verschlossen sind, und wobei die Austrittskanäle (23) an der Eintrittsfläche (17) verschlossen sind und an der Austrittsfläche (19) enden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Austrittsfläche (19) und/oder die Eintrittsfläche (17) mindestens20 (19) of the filter element (9) are closed, and wherein the outlet channels (23) at the entry surface (17) are closed and at the exit surface (19) ends, characterized in that the exit surface (19) and / or the entrance surface (17) at least
25 abschnittsweise gekrümmt ist.25 is curved in sections.
2. Filterelement nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Austrittsfläche (19) und/oder die Eintrittsfläche (17) mindestens abschnittsweise kegelstumpfförmig ist.2. Filter element according to claim 1, characterized in that the outlet surface (19) and / or the inlet surface (17) is at least partially frusto-conical.
3. Filterelement nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch3. Filter element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized
30 gekennzeichnet, dass die Austrittsfläche (19) und/oder die Eintrittsfläche (17) in einer durch die Längsachse (25) verlaufenden Schnittebene mindestens abschnittsweise konkav und/oder konvex gekrümmt ist. 30 characterized in that the exit surface (19) and / or the entry surface (17) in a through the longitudinal axis (25) extending cutting plane is at least partially concave and / or convex curved.
4. Filterelement nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Eintrittsfläche (17) und/oder die Austrittsfläche (19) nahe der Längsachse (25) eben ist.4. Filter element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the entry surface (17) and / or the exit surface (19) near the longitudinal axis (25) is flat.
5.5 Filterelement nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Filterelement (9) rotationssymmetrisch bezüglich seiner Längsachse (25) ist.5.5 Filter element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filter element (9) is rotationally symmetrical with respect to its longitudinal axis (25).
6. Russfilter mit einem Filterelement (9), mit einem6. Soot filter with a filter element (9), with a
Gehäuse (7), mit einer Zuleitung (3), mit einer Ableitung,Housing (7), with a supply line (3), with a derivative,
10 mit einem die Zuleitung (3) mit dem Gehäuse (7) verbindenden Diffusor (5) und mit einem das Gehäuse (7) mit der Ableitung verbindenden Übergangsstück, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Filterelement ein Filterelement (9) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche ist.10 with a supply line (3) to the housing (7) connecting the diffuser (5) and with the housing (7) with the outlet connecting transition piece, characterized in that the filter element is a filter element (9) according to one of the preceding claims ,
715 Russfilter nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse (7) und das Filterelement (9) in Strömungsrichtung zueinander beabstandet sind. 715 Russfilter according to claim 6, characterized in that the housing (7) and the filter element (9) are spaced apart in the flow direction.
PCT/EP2006/065448 2005-09-05 2006-08-18 Filter element having improved soot distribution WO2007028697A1 (en)

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DE102005042057.5 2005-09-05
DE102005042057A DE102005042057A1 (en) 2005-09-05 2005-09-05 Filter element with improved soot distribution

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2201881A1 (en) * 1972-01-15 1973-07-19 Volkswagenwerk Ag Porous block exhaust gas catalyst - tapered at its end(s) to improve gas flow profile through the block
DE2428964A1 (en) * 1974-06-15 1976-01-02 Bosch Gmbh Robert Reactor insert for exhaust gas detoxification - with conically tapering inlet end
EP0183066A1 (en) * 1984-11-30 1986-06-04 BBC Brown Boveri AG Exhaust particles filter for internal-combustion engines
EP1092846A2 (en) * 1999-10-14 2001-04-18 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Hydrodynamically optimized catalytic body
DE10021166A1 (en) * 2000-04-29 2001-11-08 Univ Stuttgart Catalyst matrix used for purifying IC engine exhaust gases has a longitudinal axis running in the main flow direction of the exhaust gases, a bent inlet surface, and an outlet surface

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2201881A1 (en) * 1972-01-15 1973-07-19 Volkswagenwerk Ag Porous block exhaust gas catalyst - tapered at its end(s) to improve gas flow profile through the block
DE2428964A1 (en) * 1974-06-15 1976-01-02 Bosch Gmbh Robert Reactor insert for exhaust gas detoxification - with conically tapering inlet end
EP0183066A1 (en) * 1984-11-30 1986-06-04 BBC Brown Boveri AG Exhaust particles filter for internal-combustion engines
EP1092846A2 (en) * 1999-10-14 2001-04-18 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Hydrodynamically optimized catalytic body
DE10021166A1 (en) * 2000-04-29 2001-11-08 Univ Stuttgart Catalyst matrix used for purifying IC engine exhaust gases has a longitudinal axis running in the main flow direction of the exhaust gases, a bent inlet surface, and an outlet surface

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