WO2007019826A1

WO2007019826A1 - Firelighter and method for production

Info

Publication number: WO2007019826A1
Application number: PCT/DE2006/001407
Authority: WO
Inventors: Manfred Thon
Original assignee: Manfred Thon
Priority date: 2005-08-12
Filing date: 2006-08-11
Publication date: 2007-02-22
Also published as: DE112006002774A5; DE102005038171B3

Abstract

The invention relates to a firelighter for lighting solid fuels, made from a block of a hardened emulsion, produced with hydrocarbons and liquid hardener and a method for production thereof. Said firelighter comprises an inherently homogeneous mixture of commercially-available components and contains 77 to 81 wt. % hydrocarbon, 8 to 11 wt. % water, 0.24 to 0.28 wt. % soap and 8 to 10 wt. % hardener with 1.70 to 1.74 wt. % of a phosphoric acid/water mixture that contains 4 % of a 75 % or 3.6 % of a 86 % phosphoric acid. A method for production of the mixture is disclosed, according to which a base emulsion is produced from the components hydrocarbons, hardener, soap and water into which prepared cuttings/scraps are mixed. The phosphoric acid/water mixture is added to the base emulsion in a mixer. The prepared firelighter mass is then hardened in fill shafts arranged in a carousel. The method is economical to carry out and provides, with the composition, a very economical firelighter with good inflammability and good lighting properties.

Description

Fire starter and method of manufacture

The invention relates to a firelighter for igniting solid fuels and a method for producing the same.

For the firing of solid fuels, especially in domestic as well as in smaller industrial areas instead of paper and Kienspänen specially produced solid firelighters have prevailed as Zündbeschleuniger because firelighters are easy to handle and make a trouble and clean ignition of fuels possible.

In particular, when igniting secondary fuels, such as coke, which are the most difficult to ignite, the firing process is greatly favored by firelighters and can be carried out cleanly and without major problems.

The firelighters currently available on the market are mixtures of coal dust and emulsions, or mixtures of peat or wood and emulsions made with a liquid hardener in block form. But there are also known fire lighter, which consist of a block of a cured emulsion of an aqueous curable resin and liquid hydrocarbon. The effect of this fire lighter has become especially difficult flammable secondary fuels are found to be insufficient.

In order to increase the utilization and efficiency of Feueranzündern, DE 27 20 975 proposes to produce a Feueranzünder consisting of a cured emulsion as the core and a lighter than the emulsion ignitable fuel as a coat, such as a mixture of carbon and binder consists. In this case, the core and the jacket are each prepared separately and then joined together in such a way that the cured emulsion as a core is located centrally on the underside of the shell in a recess provided. In order to prevent a reaction between the core and the shell, the core bed is previously coated with an adhesive.

Such a firelighter produced by the separate production of the core and the shell and by the specially proposed formation of the underside of the shell to improve the heat adsorption, and the subsequent assembly of the two separately manufactured parts procedurally very expensive and completely unsuitable for a continuous manufacturing process and thus uneconomical. In addition, the ignition of the firelighter by the mixture of carbon and binder, of which the shell is made difficult, since, as is well known, carbon is not particularly advantageous flammable. But also for igniting hard fuels, such as metallurgical coke, these firelighters are only partially suitable.

In DE 16 71 370 a firelighter is described in which a Feueranzündermasse of a thermosetting resin, a liquid fuel which is expressible from the resin, in combination with a copper compound. The copper compound, which reduces the combustion temperature of carbon, is incorporated in a thermoplastic coating which is applied to the surface of the igniter mass.

In DE 20 24 851 building on DE 16 71 370 further proposed that the coating is a paraffin wax coating containing a copper (II) chloride and / or copper (II) -oxychlorid and that this coating on one or more surfaces of the Feueranzündermasse is applied.

These firelighters require some care in use to ensure a smooth ignition process of the fuel to be ignited. For example, it should be noted that in the application of this Feueranzünder the coating should always be turned upwards so that the coating is in contact with the fuel to be ignited. This condition can not always be assumed, at least for a negligent application. However, the preparation of the modified paraffin wax as a coating requires special care in order to achieve a suitable match between adhesion, flexibility and hardness of the coating. Moreover, the production process itself is relatively expensive and technologically complex even by separately producing the Feueranzündermasse and paraffin wax with the copper compound as a coating.

Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a Feueranzünder and a method for producing the Feueranzünders available, which is inexpensive to produce from commercially available components in a continuous process and even easily flammable and a trouble lighting of fuels, including flame-retardant fuels, guaranteed. This object is achieved with respect to the Feueranzünder invention with a mixture that

a) from 77 to 81% by weight of hydrocarbon, b) from 8% to 11% by weight of water, c) from 0.24 to 0.28% by weight of soap, d) from 8 to 10% by weight of hardener and e) 1.70 to 1.74 wt.% of a phosphoric acid-water mixture dispersed in the hardener and containing 4% of a 75% or 3.6% of an 86% phosphoric acid,

consists.

The mixture according to the invention of this Feueranzündermasse proved to be highly flammable and ensures trouble-free lighting of all types of fuels and hard fuels, which, as is well known, are more difficult to ignite. The coating-free mixture of Feueranzündermasse but also the application of the Feueranzünders is simplified because the position of the Feueranzünders to ignite fuel does not have to be taken. In addition, this firelighter can be produced and offered very cost-effective, since only components are used for the mixture of Feueranzündermasse available that are available in their chemical composition in the market as commercially available components and from which without further processing, only a homogeneous mixture, which can be used as a firelighter.

By virtue of the proportion of phosphoric acid dispersed in accordance with the invention, sufficient hardening of the firelighter mass and, on the other hand, within the manufacturing process is ensured that the hardening is delayed such that a manufactured block of the firelighter mass still has a toughness which permits easy cutting of the firelighter mass Blocks in plates, too using cutting wires, as well as a scoring of the cut plates in corresponding cube sizes makes possible. In addition, ensures a firelighter produced in this way that accumulating cut remnants from the cutting section, which may be about 2 to 5%, can be mixed again after appropriate treatment, so that an approximate loss-free use of the components used is possible.

Advantageously, the hydrocarbon used is a hydrocarbon mixture of paraffin-containing, cycloparaffinic, aromatic olefinic carbon. As a preferred hydrocarbon mixture, Ξrdöl or kerosene has been found. These hydrocarbon mixtures have the most favorable physical and chemical properties and are particularly suitable with a boiling point of 160-300 ° C and a flash point of> 40 ° C for the preparation of the mixture of the inventive firelighters.

The used as soap component preferably consists of 50 to 54 wt.% Triethanolaminsalz, 3.5 to 4.5 wt.% Ammonium sulfate and 43 to 47 wt.% Water. This composition has a viscosity, density and pH at 20 ° C which, with the proposed percent addition of soap, ensure that the admixed hydrocarbon mixture is completely blended into a base emulsion pre-blended from water, hardener and soap and thus free hydrocarbon free on the base Surface is mixed when a cream-colored mixture sets.

The hardener used is preferably an aqueous solution of urea-formaldehyde or a product which serves to trap and solidify liquid water-immiscible materials. This hardener or this Product ensures at the percentage of the invention, which is added to the mixture, on the one hand, the desired hardness of the Feueranzünders and on the other hand, the requirement that within a continuous process, the cutting of the blocks produced in plates and the scoring of the plates into usable cube sizes easily can be done.

According to the invention, the inventively proposed Feueranzünder is produced by a method according to which

- in a mixing vessel with stirrer and stand mixer with the agitator running in the mixing vessel successively the proportions of the components water, hardener and soap are admitted,

- the embedded components are then stirred for 1 to 3 minutes,

- After the stirring time, about 50% of the proportion of the hydrocarbon at a temperature of 35 to 38 ⁰ C is added to the mixture and stirred,

- is switched to the stand mixer after stirring the 50% proportion of the hydrocarbon,

the remainder of the hydrocarbon heated to 35 to 38 ^° C. is added and blended until a cream-colored emulsion free of free hydrocarbon on the surface is obtained,

- This emulsion is fed to a mixer, in which the proportion of the phosphoric acid-water mixture is introduced and dispersed at a mixer speed of about 1360 U / min in the emulsion, and

- That subsequently the processed Feueranzündermasse a curing station and then a cutting station is supplied.

This process can be carried out continuously with very little technical effort and with conventional technology. It is feasible and makes it possible without substantial expenditure that the firelighter can be produced fully automatically with a suitably adapted feed technology of the individual components and with a suitably coordinated subsequent technology for block filling and hardening of the firelighter mass and an adapted cutting and packaging technology following thereon. As a result, a firelighter produced by this method can be produced very economically and sold at low cost. In addition, the process performance, in particular on the change in the valency of the phosphoric acid used, easily adapted to the prevailing external production conditions, such as the ambient temperature and humidity, for example, as crystallized 86% tiger phosphoric acid at low ambient temperature, resulting in a reduction in quality and so that the functionality of the fire starter would lead.

But also detected defects in the emulsion, such as a not fully bound hydrocarbon mixture, too high curing time, fire starter too wet u.a. Deficiencies can be easily remedied by an adaptation of the percentage of components in the proposed limits procedurally fast.

According to a preferred embodiment of the method, the quantities of the individual components for producing the emulsion are portioned and monitored via weighing cells on the mixing container. In this way, the filling quantities of the individual components can be controlled and controlled automatically via a central location, depending on the preset recipe.

Advantageously, the emulsion prepared in the mixing container is placed in a storage container in front of the mixer in front of the mixer. stored. It can thus be ensured that the subsequent mixer in which the phosphoric acid-water mixture is dispersed in the base emulsion prepared from water, soap, hardener and the hydrocarbon mixture can be continuously charged with the appropriate fill quantity.

By interim storage but also the condition is given that the resulting and processed cut remnants and / or fragments of the Feueranzünders can be continuously reintroduced into the process engineering process.

In this case, a residual mixer is inventively provided between the reservoir and the mixer. In this remixer both the processed with a grain size of 0.2 - 0.5 mm cut pieces / broken residues and the processed base emulsion from the storage container introduced and mixed to form a homogeneous mixture and then pumped into the mixer.

It may also be advantageous if the prepared Feueranzündermasse is foamed when discharging from the mixer by a suitable Aufschäumtechnik. As a result, it is known that the weight can be reduced with the same volume of Feueranzünderplatte, which may be advantageous for domestic and private applications.

It is also advantageous if a hardening carousel with a number of filling shafts is used as the curing station. In this case, advantageously, the circulation of the curing carousel and also the number of Füllschächte depending on the curing time determined so that the hopper are completely filled and after a roundabout of the carousel the Feueranzündermasse at a Curing degree is ejected, which is already stable, but still has a cuttable rubber-like structure.

Further details of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings, in which a schematic of a preferred procedure for producing the Feueranzündermasse is shown.

A firelighter produced according to the inventive solution contains, in addition to water, the following commercially available components:

As a hydrocarbon mixture kerosene or petroleum with

- a boiling point of 160 -300 ⁰ C,

- a flash point> 40 ° C,

- An ignition temperature of 0, 6 VoI. % and

- Explosion limits of 6.5% by volume.

As soap a soap known under the trade name "Marlopon AT 50"

- a viscosity of about 3,400 mPas at 20 ⁰ C,

- a density of about 1.07 g / cm ³ at 2O ⁰ C and

- a pH of about 6-7.5 at 20 ⁰ C.

As a hardener known under the trade name "REASER MT 125" hardener

- a boiling point of about 100 ° C,

a density of about 1.25 g / cm ³ at 20 ^° C.,

- a vapor pressure of about 23 mbar at 20 ⁰ C,

- a pH of 7-9 at 2O ⁰ C and

- a viscosity of 150-250 mPas at 2O ⁰ C.

For the phosphoric acid-water mixture, a phosphoric acid having a 75% or 86% concentration depending on Ambient temperature and humidity in the area of the production line with

- a melting range of about 40 ° C,

- a boiling point of 135 ⁰ C,

- a vapor pressure of 2 hPa at 20 ⁰ C,

- a density of 1.57 g / cm ³ at 20 ° C and

- a pH of> 1 at 20 ⁰ C.

The process plant and the method for producing the Feueranzünders using the above components is based on a system in which preferably a cut remnants / fragments utilization is integrated.

A preferred process plant consists of a Komponentendepot 1 for the hydrocarbon mixture, a Komponentendepot 2 for the hardener, a Komponentendepot 3 for the water, a Komponentendepot 4 for the soap and a Komponentendepot 5 for the phosphoric acid-water mixture, a mixing vessel 6 with Weighing cells 24, a reservoir 7, a remainder mixer 11, a cut remnants / fragments preparation 9, a mixer 17, the hopper 22 and the pumps 8, 14, the metering valves 15, 16 and the ball valves 18 - 21 and a control not shown and control technology for the metering valves 15, 16; Ball valves 18 - 21 and the corresponding conveyors for the components and the sub-mixtures. In addition, if necessary, this procedural system, as indicated in the drawing, be supplemented with a foaming.

In the mixing container 6, a not shown stirrer and a stand mixer, not shown, are integrated, which are separately switched on and off. Also in the remainder mixer 11 is a commercially available mixer (not shown) and in the mixer 17 a commercial mixer (not shown). provided that rotates at a speed of about 1360 U / min.

The supply of the percentage of the individual components to the mixing container 6, the sub-mixtures and the cut remnants / fragments to the remainder mixer 11 and the sub-mixture to the mixer 17 is carried out in each case via controlled pumps 8, 14 and the pumps not shown for supplying the components and the phosphoric acid-water. Mixture and the controlled conveyor for the cut remnants / fragments.

These controls are known feedback controls, which are designed depending on the predetermined recipe of Feueranzündermasse and the clock speed of the system.

The production of a preferred Feueranzünders takes place within a continuous process in a three-step process, which consists in the preparation of a base emulsion, which consists of the hydrocarbon, the hardener, the soap and water, in the preparation of the sub-mixture consisting of the basic emulsion and the Cut remnants / fragments exists and subdivided into the completion of the Feueranzündermasse by admixing the phosphoric acid-water mixture.

The weight percentages given in the following description of the individual components and of the base emulsion and the phosphoric acid-water mixture for the production of the Feueranzündermasse are based on the total mass of the Feueranzünders.

To prepare a preferred basic emulsion, mixing vessel 6, with the stirrer running, first contains 9.83% by weight of water from the component depot 3 via the line 29 and the controlled ball valve 19 is supplied. If the weight of 9.83 wt.% Is confirmed by the weighing cells 24, the ball valve 19 and the ball valve 20 in the line 27 to the component depot 2 of the hardener is opened and there is an addition of 9.98 wt.% Hardener type Reaser MT 125. When the complete weighing of the hard by the weighing cells 24 is again confirmed, the ball valve 20 and the ball valve 18 in the line 30 to the component depot 4 are opened and an addition of 0.26% by weight of Marlopon type soap is made AT 150. Upon confirmation of the weighing of 0.26 wt.% Soap by the load cells 24, the ball valve 18 closes again and the mixing container 6 located in the mixture of water, hardener and soap is for a further 1 to 3 min. stirred.

After the stirring time of 1 - 3 min. the ball valve 21 is opened in the line 28 of the component deposit 1 of the hydrocarbon, which is a kerosene or petroleum, and there is the addition of 79.21 wt.% Of a previously heated to 35 - 38 ⁰ C hydrocarbon. If a weighing in of 50% of the proportionate hydrocarbon is determined by the weighing cells 24, the agitator switches off and the stand mixer is activated. By activating the stand mixer, the remaining portion of the hydrocarbon is added. Confirm the load cell 24 of the mixing container 6 the full weight of the hydrocarbon closes the ball valve 21st

The mixture of water, hardener, soap and hydrocarbon present in the mixing container 6, which is 98.28% by weight of the total mass of the firelighter, is mixed by means of a stand mixer until the mixture in the mixing container 6 assumes a cream-colored color and the surface of the mixture free of free hydrocarbon mixture. If this condition of the mixture is reached, introduced the mixture as a base emulsion via line 25 into the reservoir 7.

From the reservoir 7 is withdrawn via the lines 26, 12 and the integrated therein and regulated pump 8, taking into account the zuzumisehenden cuts / broken remains so much base emulsion and pumped into the remainder mixer that, together with the cut remnants / fragments, a subset of 98.29 wt .% Of the total amount of fire lighter in the residual mixer 11 is present.

The cut remnants / fragments are previously prepared in a cut remnant / fragments preparation 9 by means of a suitable comminution technique to a particle size of 0.2 to 0.5 mm and fed in proportion to the remainder mixer 11 by means of a conveying device (not shown) via the line 10. The proportion of the cut remnants / fragments should be max. 3% of the 98.28 wt.% Of the total mass of Feueranzündermasse be because the cut remnants / fragments of the Feueranzündermasse otherwise lead to too rapid curing in the hopper 22 and thus problems may occur during cutting.

If the proportion of the cut waste / fragments fed is> 3%, this problem can be corrected by adjusting the proportional phosphoric acid in the ratio of the phosphoric acid-water mixture.

The partial mixture, which consists of the base emulsion and the proportion of cut residues / fragments in the remainder mixer 11, is mixed in the remainder mixer 11 until a homogeneous mixture is present. Subsequently, this partial mixture is introduced into the mixer 17 via the lines 13, 13a, in which a regulated pump 14 is integrated. After feeding the partial mixture to the mixer 17, the metering valve 15 is opened in the line 31 and by means of a controlled pump not shown and reprocessed in Komponentendepot 5 phosphoric acid-water mixture with a share of 1.72 wt.% Based on the total mass of the firelighter supplied to the mixer 17.

The phosphoric acid / water mixture stored in component depot 5 consists of 3.6% of 86% phosphoric acid and 96.4% of water at a location of the plant with high ambient temperatures and 4% of 75 in a location of the plant with lower ambient temperatures % phosphoric acid and 96% water.

The introduced into the mixer 17 part mixture is mixed with the supplied phosphoric acid-water mixture in the mixer 17 at a mixer speed of about 1360 U / min to a homogeneous Feueranzündermasse and then introduced via the line 32 into the hopper 22, in which the finished Firelighter mass hardens.

The filling ducts are preferably followed by a carousel-shaped arrangement downstream, whereby the number and the circulation of Füllschäσhte 22 is determined so that after one revolution of a hopper 22, the Feueranzündermasse has reached a hardening degree and thus a consistency in which the mass is stable on the one hand on the other hand still has a rubbery structure in which the Feueranzündermasse is still easy to cut, for example, with a Drahtscheidvorriαhtung.

After one revolution of the carousel-like device, the hardened mass of the firelighter is ejected from the filling shaft 22 and can be supplied to the following devices, such as a cutting device, a portioning device, etc. If necessary, the finished Feueranzündermasse can be foamed before leaving the mixer 17 by a suitable Aufschäumtechnik 33. For this purpose, the frothing technique 33 is connected via the line 24 in the outlet region 23 of the mixer 17 and activated by opening the metering valve 16.

Of course, the process can also be carried out without a cut residue / fragment utilization. In this case, the prepared base emulsion of water, hardener, soap and hydrocarbon, from the reservoir 7 by means of the controlled pump 8 and a changed course of the line 12 is pumped directly to the mixer 17.

A composite according to the invention and produced by the proposed method firelighter is inexpensive and almost no loss produced, has sufficient firing time also for igniting flame retardant fuels, such as metallurgical coke, and is easy to handle and flammable.

reference numeral

1 component depot hydrocarbon mixture

2 component depot hardener

3 component depot of water

4 component depot of soap

5 component depot phosphorus-water mixture

6 mixing tanks

7 storage container

8 pump

9 Cutting residue / fragments preparation

10 line

11 remainder mixers

12 line 13, 13a line

14 pump

15 metering valve

16 metering valve

17 mixers

18 ball valve

19 ball valve

20 ball valve

21 ball valve

22 hopper

23 outlet mixer

24 load cells

25 line

26 line

27 line

28 line

29 line

30 line

31 line

32 line

33 foaming technique

34 line

Claims

Patent claims

1. Firelighter for lighting solid fuels, consisting of a mixture with:

a) 77 to 81% by weight of hydrocarbon, b) 8 to 11% by weight of water, c) 0.24 to 0.28% by weight of soap, d) 8 to 10% by weight of hardener and e) 1.70 to 1.74% by weight of a phosphoric acid-water mixture which is dispersed in the hardener and which is 4% of a 75% or 3.6% of a

Contains 86% phosphoric acid.

2. Firelighter according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydrocarbon is a hydrocarbon mixture of paraffinic, cycloparaffinic, aromatic olefinic carbons.

3. Firelighter according to claim 2, characterized in that the hydrocarbon mixture is petroleum or kerosene.

4. Firelighter according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the soap consists of 50 to 54% by weight of triethanolamine salt, 3.5 to 4.5% by weight of ammonium sulfate and 43 to 47% by weight of water.

5. Firelighter according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the hardener is a water-based is a solution of a urea-formaldehyde or a product which is used to enclose and solidify liquid substances that are immiscible with water.

6. A method for producing a firelighter according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that

- the proportions of the components water, hardener and soap are introduced one after the other into the mixing container (6) in a mixing container (6) with an agitator and stand mixer while the agitator is running,

- the inserted components are then stirred for 1 to 3 minutes,

- after the stirring time has elapsed, approx. 50% of the proportion of the hydrocarbon is added to the mixture at a temperature of 35 to 38 ⁰ C and stirred in,

- after stirring in the 50% proportion of the hydrocarbon, switching to the stand mixer,

- the remaining proportion of the hydrocarbon heated to 35 to 38 ⁰ C is added and mixed in until a cream-colored emulsion is formed which is free of free hydrocarbon on the surface,

- This emulsion is fed to a mixer (17), in which the proportion of the phosphorus-water mixture is introduced and dispersed into the emulsion at a mixer speed of approx. 1360 rpm and

- that the prepared firelighter mass is then fed to a curing station and then to a cutting station.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the filling quantities of the individual components for producing the emulsion are portioned and monitored by means of weighing cells (24) on the mixing container (6).

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the emulsion prepared in the mixing container (6) is temporarily stored in a storage container (7) before the mixer (17).

9. The method according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the prepared firelighter mass is foamed when discharged from the mixer (17).

10. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the emulsion is pumped into a residual mixer (11) before the mixer (17) and in the residual mixer

(11) Cuttings and/or fragments of the firelighter with a ground grain size of 0.2 to 0.5 mm are mixed into the emulsion.

12. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that a curing carousel with a number of filling shafts (22) is used as the curing station.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that the rotation of the curing carousel and thus also the number of filling shafts (22) is determined depending on the curing time so that the filling shafts (22) can be completely filled and after one rotation of the carousel the firelighter mass at a degree of hardening which is already stable but still has a rubber-like structure that can be cut.