WO2007010078A1 - Hydroponic substrate - Google Patents

Hydroponic substrate Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007010078A1
WO2007010078A1 PCT/ES2006/070106 ES2006070106W WO2007010078A1 WO 2007010078 A1 WO2007010078 A1 WO 2007010078A1 ES 2006070106 W ES2006070106 W ES 2006070106W WO 2007010078 A1 WO2007010078 A1 WO 2007010078A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
substrate
container
rubber particles
type
different
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2006/070106
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Cesar Sanchez Ceballos
Original Assignee
Cesar Sanchez Ceballos
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cesar Sanchez Ceballos filed Critical Cesar Sanchez Ceballos
Publication of WO2007010078A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007010078A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
    • A01G24/42—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure of granular or aggregated structure
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/50—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor contained within a flexible envelope

Definitions

  • the method of use of the substrate indicate that it is capable of being used as a conventional substrate by disposing the product in a container or directly in the container; but also It is possible with this type of substrate when present in several granulometries, to compose different horizons or types of soils by arranging them in several different layers of different granulometries. This possibility can be very interesting to adapt the soil structure to the type of crop in question.
  • Figure 2 shows the substrate (1) directly located in the container bag (2).

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydroponics (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydroponic substrate which is used in plant cultivation as an inert medium for rooting and support purposes and which is housed in a container through which water is passed together with nutrients suited to the type of plant to be cultivated. The inventive substrate comprises a structure and composition comprising rubber particles (1) having an irregular shape.

Description

DESCRIPCIÓN DESCRIPTION
Sustrato hidropónico. Objeto de la invenciónHydroponic Substrate Object of the invention
El objetivo de esta invención, como su propio titulo indica, es un tipo de sustrato que presenta una estructura y composición diferente de la empleada hasta la fecha, consistente en partículas de caucho, que pueden fabricarse a partir de caucho o provenir del reciclado y picado de neumáticos de ruedas de vehículos . Como es sabido, el cultivo hidropónico se basa en dotar a las plantas de un soporte inerte para enraizamiento y sustentación de las mismas, que se aloja en un recipiente por el que se hace circular el agua, con los nutrientes apropiados al tipo de planta a cultivar, de manera que la planta dispone en todo momento de los porcentajes adecuados de dichos nutrientes, lo que supone además de un óptimo rendimiento desde el punto de vista de crecimiento, la ausencia de malas hierbas, asi como microorganismos e insectos que puedan perjudicarlas.The objective of this invention, as its own title indicates, is a type of substrate that has a structure and composition different from that used to date, consisting of rubber particles, which can be manufactured from rubber or come from recycling and pitting of vehicle wheel tires. As is known, hydroponic cultivation is based on providing plants with an inert support for rooting and sustaining them, which is housed in a container through which water is circulated, with nutrients appropriate to the type of plant to cultivate, so that the plant has at all times the appropriate percentages of these nutrients, which also means an optimal yield from the point of view of growth, the absence of weeds, as well as microorganisms and insects that can harm them.
Cualquier sustrato potencial tiene unas características y propiedades intrínsecas que debemos conocer y estudiar para diseñar el contenedor más apropiado, de forma que el módulo de cultivo resultante, sometido a un correcto manejo, proporcione a la raiz el medio favorable que velamos con anterioridad. Dentro de estas propiedades hay que analizar tanto las físicas (porosidad, retención de agua, densidad, estructura, granulometria) , como las químicas (capacidad de intercambio catiónico, poder tampón, solubilidad) y las biológicas.Any potential substrate has intrinsic characteristics and properties that we must know and study in order to design the most appropriate container, so that the resulting culture module, subject to proper handling, provides the root with the favorable medium that we saw before. Within these properties we must analyze both physical (porosity, water retention, density, structure, particle size), as well as chemical ones (cation exchange capacity, buffer power, solubility) and biological ones.
Antecedentes de la invención.Background of the invention.
Actualmente existen sustratos de tipos muy variados, pero en general se busca que presente una alta capacidad de retención de agua, sin que ello limite la aireación de la raiz, con el fin de poder reducir el número de riegos y facilitar asi el manejo del sistema. Del mismo modo resulta importante que presente una estructura estable y una baja velocidad de descomposición para que su vida útil sea la mayor posible. Inicialmente se empezaron a utilizar bancadas rellenas de arena. Después se ha tendido hacia el empleo de materiales más estandarizados como la lana de roca y la perlita, dispuestos en sacos de plástico, los cuales resultan más económicos y fáciles de manejar.Currently there are substrates of very varied types, but in general it is sought to have a high water retention capacity, without limiting the aeration of the root, in order to reduce the number of risks and thus facilitate the management of the system . In the same way it is important that it has a stable structure and a low decomposition rate so that its useful life is as long as possible. Initially they began to use sand-filled benches. Then it has tended towards the use of more standardized materials such as rock wool and perlite, arranged in plastic bags, which are cheaper and easier to handle.
El documento FR8506916 de ISOVER describe un sustrato formado por un fieltro de fibras minerales, en concreto fibra de vidrio. Existen también diferentes soluciones para conseguir los recipientes contenedores del sustrato, una de ellas consiste en la utilización de bolsas de plástico, que recorren longitudinalmente el invernadero formando "surcos" por los que circula el agua y los nutrientes, que están dotadas de medios para soportar las plantas durante su crecimiento.Document FR8506916 of ISOVER describes a substrate formed by a felt of mineral fibers, specifically fiberglass. There are also different solutions to get the container containers of the substrate, one of them consists in the use of plastic bags, which run longitudinally through the greenhouse forming "grooves" through which water and nutrients circulate, which are equipped with means to support The plants during their growth.
Descripción de la invención Tal y como se ha indicado, este nuevo tipo de sustrato hidropónico presenta una estructura y composición consistente en partículas de caucho, particularmente provenientes del reciclado y picado de neumáticos de ruedas de vehículos. Dichas partículas de caucho pueden presentar distintas granulometrias de acuerdo con el tipo de cultivo; asi mismo se pueden disponer en un recipiente capas de suelo con distintas granulometrias. Preferentemente el recipiente en el que se coloca este sustrato para el cultivo, también es de caucho. Opcionalmente también pueden ser uno o más neumáticos provenientes de ruedas de vehículos, colocados independientes o apilados.Description of the invention As indicated, this new type of hydroponic substrate has a structure and composition consisting of rubber particles, particularly from the recycling and pitting of vehicle wheel tires. Said rubber particles may have different particle sizes according to the type of crop; Likewise, layers of soil with different particle sizes can be arranged in a container. Preferably, the container in which this substrate is placed for cultivation is also made of rubber. Optionally they can also be one or more tires from vehicle wheels, placed independently or stacked.
El procedimiento de fabricación de este tipo sustrato es muy sencillo. Se parte de piezas de caucho debidamente clasificadas, que como ya se ha indicado anteriormente pueden ser ruedas usadas de vehículos u otro tipo de piezas de caucho, incluso fabricadas ex profeso, las cuales se muelen hasta reducirlas a partículas de caucho de distintas granulometrias, que se clasifican y envasan, directamente, o en distintos envases en función de su granulometria.The manufacturing process of this type of substrate is very simple. It is based on duly classified rubber parts, which, as already indicated above, can be used wheels of vehicles or other types of rubber parts, even manufactured ex profeso, which are ground to reduce them to rubber particles of different particle sizes, which They are classified and packaged, directly, or in different packages according to their granulometry.
En cuanto al método de empleo del sustrato indicar que es susceptible de usarse como un sustrato convencional disponiendo el producto en un recipiente o directamente en el envase; pero también es posible con este tipo de sustrato cuando se presente en varias granulometrias, componer distintos horizontes o tipos de suelos al disponerlos en varias capas diferenciadas de distintas granulometrias. Esta posibilidad puede resultar muy interesante para adaptar la estructura del suelo al tipo de cultivo de que se trate.As for the method of use of the substrate, indicate that it is capable of being used as a conventional substrate by disposing the product in a container or directly in the container; but also It is possible with this type of substrate when present in several granulometries, to compose different horizons or types of soils by arranging them in several different layers of different granulometries. This possibility can be very interesting to adapt the soil structure to the type of crop in question.
Entre las ventajas de este tipo de sustrato cabe indicar que no presenta problemas de degradación, ni de limpieza, tampoco absorbe agua, ni pierde su condición fisica como sucede por ejemplo con los sustratos de lana de roca. Su fabricación es sencilla y además emplea elementos reciclados a los que se les ha encontrado esta nueva aplicación, por lo que resultan sumamente rentables económicamente.Among the advantages of this type of substrate, it should be noted that it does not present any degradation or cleaning problems, nor does it absorb water, nor does it lose its physical condition, as happens, for example, with rock wool substrates. Its manufacture is simple and also uses recycled elements that have been found this new application, so they are extremely profitable economically.
Descripción de las figuras . Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de facilitar la comprensión de las características de la invención, se acompaña a la presente memoria descriptiva un juego de dibujos en los que, con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente:Description of the figures. To complement the description that is being made and in order to facilitate the understanding of the characteristics of the invention, a set of drawings is attached to the present specification in which, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented:
La figura 1 muestra un saco (2) que contiene sustrato hidropónico (1) conforme al modelo preconizado .Figure 1 shows a bag (2) containing hydroponic substrate (1) according to the recommended model.
La figura 2 muestra el sustrato (1) directamente situado en el saco contenedor (2) .Figure 2 shows the substrate (1) directly located in the container bag (2).
La figura 3 muestra el sustrato (1) en otro tipo de recipiente (4) tipo maceta.Figure 3 shows the substrate (1) in another type of container (4) type pot.
Realización preferente de la invenciónPreferred Embodiment of the Invention
Como se puede observar en las figuras referenciadas el sustrato hidropónico objeto de este modelo, que se emplea en el cultivo de plantas (3) como soporte inerte para su enraizamiento y sustentación presenta una estructura y composición consistente en partículas de caucho (1) , que se obtienen de piezas de caucho, incluso provenientes del reciclado y picado de neumáticos de ruedas de vehículos .As can be seen in the referenced figures, the hydroponic substrate object of this model, which is used in the cultivation of plants (3) as an inert support for rooting and sustaining, has a structure and composition consisting of rubber particles (1), which they are obtained from rubber parts, even from the recycling and pitting of vehicle wheel tires.
Estas partículas de caucho (1) se comercializan en sacos (2) , que pueden consistir en si mismos el soporte o recipiente del sustrato, tal y como se observa en la figura 2, sin más que practicar unos orificios para insertar a través de ellos las semillas de las plantas (3) que saldrán a través de ellos al nacer y crecer. En la figura 3 se observa un recipiente convencional, tipo maceta (4) , en el que se ha dispuesto una cantidad determinada de sustrato (1) de estas características. Tanto en uno como en otro caso, las partículas de caucho (1) pueden presentar distintas granulometrias de acuerdo con el tipo de cultivo, o incluso disponerse en capas de distintas granulometrias.These rubber particles (1) are sold in bags (2), which may consist of the support or container of the substrate, as seen in Figure 2, without making holes to insert through them the seeds of the plants (3) that will come through them at birth and grow. In Figure 3 a conventional container, type pot (4), in which a certain amount of substrate (1) of these characteristics is arranged is observed. In both cases, the rubber particles (1) can have different particle sizes according to the type of culture, or even be arranged in layers of different particle sizes.
Para la fabricación de este tipo sustrato se parte de piezas de caucho debidamente clasificadas, que se muelen hasta reducirlas a partículas de caucho de distintas granulometrias. Estas partículas se clasifican y envasan, directamente, o en distintos envases en función de su granulometria. En un ejemplo de realización se envasan en 4 tipos de envases diferentes las partículas que presenten las siguientes granulometrias 0,1 a lmm., 1 a 2 mm., 2 aFor the manufacture of this type of substrate, it is based on properly classified rubber parts, which are milled to reduce them to rubber particles of different particle sizes. These particles are classified and packaged, directly, or in different packages according to their granulometry. In one embodiment, the particles having the following particle sizes 0.1 to 1 mm., 1 to 2 mm., 2 a are packed in 4 different types of containers.
4mm., y finalmente las mayores de 4mm. hasta unos4mm., And finally those larger than 4mm. up to some
25mm que es el máximo permitido; de esta forma, a la hora de formar un horizonte de suelo en distintas capas se pueden distribuir partículas de distintos granulometrias para componer una estructura de suelo que se adapte al tipo de cultivo. Una vez descrita suficientemente la naturaleza de la invención, asi como un ejemplo de realización preferente, se hace constar a los efectos oportunos que los materiales, forma, tamaño y disposición de los elementos descritos podrán ser modificados, siempre y cuando ello no suponga una alteración de las características esenciales de la invención que se reivindican a continuación: 25mm which is the maximum allowed; in this way, when forming a soil horizon in different layers, particles of different granulometries can be distributed to compose a soil structure that adapts to the type of crop. Once the nature of the invention has been sufficiently described, as well as an example of a preferred embodiment, it is stated for the appropriate purposes that the materials, shape, size and arrangement of the described elements may be modified, provided that this does not imply an alteration. of the essential features of the invention claimed below:

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1.- Sustrato hidropónico, empleado en el cultivo de plantas como soporte inerte para su enraizamiento y sustentación, que se aloja en un recipiente por el que se hace circular agua y nutrientes apropiados al tipo de planta a cultivar, caracterizado porque presenta una estructura y composición consistente en partículas de caucho (1) de forma irregular.1.- Hydroponic substrate, used in the cultivation of plants as an inert support for rooting and support, which is housed in a container through which water and nutrients appropriate to the type of plant to be cultivated are circulated, characterized in that it has a structure and Composition consisting of irregularly shaped rubber particles (1).
2.- Sustrato hidropónico, según la reivindicación anterior, caracterizado porque las partículas de caucho que lo conforman provienen del reciclado y picado de neumáticos de ruedas de vehículos.2. Hydroponic substrate, according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the rubber particles that comprise it come from the recycling and pitting of vehicle wheel tires.
3.- Sustrato hidropónico, según la reivindicación anterior, caracterizado porque dichas partículas de caucho (1) presentan una granulometria comprendida entre 0,2 mm. y 25 mm., en función al tipo de cultivo de que se trate.3. Hydroponic substrate, according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said rubber particles (1) have a particle size between 0.2 mm. and 25 mm., depending on the type of crop in question.
4.- Sustrato hidropónico, según la primera reivindicación, caracterizado porque dichas partículas de caucho (1) se disponen en un recipiente (2-4) en capas de distintas granulometrias .4. Hydroponic substrate, according to the first claim, characterized in that said rubber particles (1) are arranged in a container (2-4) in layers of different particle sizes.
5.- Sustrato hidropónico, según las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado el recipiente (4) en el que se coloca este sustrato para el cultivo, también es de caucho, y opcionalmente uno o más neumáticos provenientes de ruedas de vehículos.5. Hydroponic substrate, according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the container (4) in which this substrate is placed for cultivation, is also made of rubber, and optionally one or more tires from vehicle wheels.
6.- Procedimiento de fabricación del sustrato de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque, partiendo de piezas de caucho debidamente clasificadas, se muelen hasta reducirlas a partículas de caucho de distintas granulometrias, que se clasifican y envasan, directamente, o en distintos envases en función de su granulometria.6. Method of manufacturing the substrate of the preceding claims, characterized in that, starting from duly classified rubber parts, they are ground to reduce them to rubber particles of different granulometries, which are classified and packaged, directly, or in different packages depending on of its granulometry.
7.- Método de empleo del sustrato hidropónico de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque se dispone el producto en un recipiente (4) , o directamente en el envase (4) , en varias capas diferenciadas de distintas granulometrias en función del tipo de cultivo de que se trate. 7. Method of use of the hydroponic substrate of the preceding claims, characterized in that the product is arranged in a container (4), or directly in the container (4), in several different layers of different granulometries depending on the type of culture of in question
PCT/ES2006/070106 2005-07-20 2006-07-14 Hydroponic substrate WO2007010078A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES200501671U ES1061646Y (en) 2005-07-20 2005-07-20 "HYDROPONIC SUBSTRATE"
ESU200501671 2005-07-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007010078A1 true WO2007010078A1 (en) 2007-01-25

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ID=36101315

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/ES2006/070106 WO2007010078A1 (en) 2005-07-20 2006-07-14 Hydroponic substrate

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AR (1) AR055586A1 (en)
ES (1) ES1061646Y (en)
WO (1) WO2007010078A1 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2306593A1 (en) * 2007-01-30 2008-11-01 Cesar Sanchez Ceballos Substrate for plant cultivation (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
WO2009007414A1 (en) 2007-07-11 2009-01-15 Porec Irrigation Systems, S. L. Device for soilless culture of plants and mushrooms
WO2013124515A1 (en) * 2012-02-23 2013-08-29 Activa Economic, S. L. Substrate for hydroponic cultivation and method for producing said substrate
CN105831101A (en) * 2016-04-14 2016-08-10 天津师范大学 Method for avoiding Acrida cinerea by adding waste rubber particles to substrate

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4149340A (en) * 1976-06-07 1979-04-17 Davitoria Lobo Luis J Hydroponics unit and system with automatic gas fed feeding
WO1982003530A1 (en) * 1981-04-24 1982-10-28 Far West Botan Inc Potting method and shipping container for living botanicals
GB2130465A (en) * 1982-10-07 1984-06-06 Green Desert Company Of London Process and apparatus for the soilless growing of plants
US5675933A (en) * 1995-10-12 1997-10-14 Kawaguchi; Tadashi Plant cultivation bed and plant cultivation block
WO2005002323A1 (en) * 2003-07-01 2005-01-13 Stratum Green Pty Ltd Grass growing superstrate and methods of use

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4149340A (en) * 1976-06-07 1979-04-17 Davitoria Lobo Luis J Hydroponics unit and system with automatic gas fed feeding
WO1982003530A1 (en) * 1981-04-24 1982-10-28 Far West Botan Inc Potting method and shipping container for living botanicals
GB2130465A (en) * 1982-10-07 1984-06-06 Green Desert Company Of London Process and apparatus for the soilless growing of plants
US5675933A (en) * 1995-10-12 1997-10-14 Kawaguchi; Tadashi Plant cultivation bed and plant cultivation block
WO2005002323A1 (en) * 2003-07-01 2005-01-13 Stratum Green Pty Ltd Grass growing superstrate and methods of use

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2306593A1 (en) * 2007-01-30 2008-11-01 Cesar Sanchez Ceballos Substrate for plant cultivation (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
WO2009007414A1 (en) 2007-07-11 2009-01-15 Porec Irrigation Systems, S. L. Device for soilless culture of plants and mushrooms
WO2013124515A1 (en) * 2012-02-23 2013-08-29 Activa Economic, S. L. Substrate for hydroponic cultivation and method for producing said substrate
ES2423908A1 (en) * 2012-02-23 2013-09-25 Activa Economic, S. L. Substrate for hydroponic cultivation and method for producing said substrate
CN105831101A (en) * 2016-04-14 2016-08-10 天津师范大学 Method for avoiding Acrida cinerea by adding waste rubber particles to substrate
CN105831101B (en) * 2016-04-14 2019-01-15 天津师范大学 A kind of method that matrix addition waste colloidal particle walks quickly and keeps away grasshopper

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AR055586A1 (en) 2007-08-29
ES1061646U (en) 2006-03-16
ES1061646Y (en) 2006-07-01

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