WO2007004165A2 - Process for the preparation of perindopril - Google Patents
Process for the preparation of perindopril Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007004165A2 WO2007004165A2 PCT/IB2006/052191 IB2006052191W WO2007004165A2 WO 2007004165 A2 WO2007004165 A2 WO 2007004165A2 IB 2006052191 W IB2006052191 W IB 2006052191W WO 2007004165 A2 WO2007004165 A2 WO 2007004165A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- formula
- process according
- perindopril
- compound
- carboxyperhydroindole
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 229960002582 perindopril Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- IPVQLZZIHOAWMC-QXKUPLGCSA-N perindopril Chemical compound C1CCC[C@H]2C[C@@H](C(O)=O)N(C(=O)[C@H](C)N[C@@H](CCC)C(=O)OCC)[C@H]21 IPVQLZZIHOAWMC-QXKUPLGCSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- CQYBNXGHMBNGCG-FXQIFTODSA-N (2s,3as,7as)-2,3,3a,4,5,6,7,7a-octahydro-1h-indol-1-ium-2-carboxylate Chemical compound C1CCC[C@@H]2[NH2+][C@H](C(=O)[O-])C[C@@H]21 CQYBNXGHMBNGCG-FXQIFTODSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- -1 alkylsilyl triflates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N teixobactin Chemical compound C([C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H]1C(N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C[C@@H]2NC(=N)NC2)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O[C@H]1C)[C@@H](C)CC)=O)NC)C1=CC=CC=C1 LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisilazane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N[Si](C)(C)C FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylamine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)N YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl acetate Chemical compound CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005270 trialkylamine group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- GQHTUMJGOHRCHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,6,7,8,9,10-octahydropyrimido[1,2-a]azepine Chemical compound C1CCCCN2CCCN=C21 GQHTUMJGOHRCHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- FTMRTVJDCZDNMK-WSZWBAFRSA-N ethyl (2s)-2-[[(2s)-1-chloro-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]pentanoate;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.ClC(=O)[C@H](C)N[C@@H](CCC)C(=O)OCC FTMRTVJDCZDNMK-WSZWBAFRSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- YKFRUJSEPGHZFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-trimethylsilylimidazole Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N1C=CN=C1 YKFRUJSEPGHZFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001983 dialkylethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- JMMWKPVZQRWMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropanol acetate Natural products CC(C)OC(C)=O JMMWKPVZQRWMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940011051 isopropyl acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N isovaleric acid Chemical compound CC(C)CC(O)=O GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- UEBKMFIVSZGQKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-dicyclohexyl-1H-imidazole Chemical compound C1(CCCCC1)C1=C(N=CN1)C1CCCCC1 UEBKMFIVSZGQKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000010511 deprotection reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical class CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicylcohexylcarbodiimide Chemical compound C1CCCCC1N=C=NC1CCCCC1 QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrimethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)Cl IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IYNMDWMQHSMDDE-MHXJNQAMSA-N perindopril erbumine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)N.C1CCC[C@@H]2N(C(=O)[C@H](C)N[C@@H](CCC)C(=O)OCC)[C@H](C(O)=O)C[C@@H]21 IYNMDWMQHSMDDE-MHXJNQAMSA-N 0.000 description 6
- AUVAVXHAOCLQBF-YUMQZZPRSA-N (2s)-2-[[(2s)-1-ethoxy-1-oxopentan-2-yl]azaniumyl]propanoate Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](C)N[C@@H](CCC)C(=O)OCC AUVAVXHAOCLQBF-YUMQZZPRSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000005541 ACE inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940044094 angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 229960003929 perindopril erbumine Drugs 0.000 description 4
- WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylamine Chemical compound CCCN WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thionyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)=O FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940086542 triethylamine Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 102000005862 Angiotensin II Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 101800000733 Angiotensin-2 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102100030988 Angiotensin-converting enzyme Human genes 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CZGUSIXMZVURDU-JZXHSEFVSA-N Ile(5)-angiotensin II Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1NC=NC=1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C([O-])=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=[NH2+])NC(=O)[C@@H]([NH3+])CC([O-])=O)C(C)C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 CZGUSIXMZVURDU-JZXHSEFVSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229950006323 angiotensin ii Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- UUUHXMGGBIUAPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[1-[2-[[5-amino-2-[[1-[5-(diaminomethylideneamino)-2-[[1-[3-(1h-indol-3-yl)-2-[(5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carbonyl)amino]propanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]pentanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]-3-methylpentanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbon Chemical compound C1CCC(C(=O)N2C(CCC2)C(O)=O)N1C(=O)C(C(C)CC)NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C1CCCN1C(=O)C(CCCN=C(N)N)NC(=O)C1CCCN1C(=O)C(CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)NC(=O)C1CCC(=O)N1 UUUHXMGGBIUAPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HXVNBWAKAOHACI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dimethyl-3-pentanone Chemical compound CC(C)C(=O)C(C)C HXVNBWAKAOHACI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101800000734 Angiotensin-1 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102400000344 Angiotensin-1 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical class CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108090000882 Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A Proteins 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VXFJYXUZANRPDJ-WTNASJBWSA-N Trandopril Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)OCC)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N1[C@@H](C[C@H]2CCCC[C@@H]21)C(O)=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 VXFJYXUZANRPDJ-WTNASJBWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ORWYRWWVDCYOMK-HBZPZAIKSA-N angiotensin I Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1NC=NC=1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1NC=NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CCCN=C(N)N)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O)C(C)C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ORWYRWWVDCYOMK-HBZPZAIKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009903 catalytic hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-3-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)CC FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010647 peptide synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- RKBCYCFRFCNLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)N(C(C)C)C(C)C RKBCYCFRFCNLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PDELQDSYLBLPQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,3a,4,5,6,7,7a-octahydro-1h-indole Chemical class C1CCCC2NCCC21 PDELQDSYLBLPQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQSUYGKTWSAVDQ-ZVIOFETBSA-N Aldosterone Chemical compound C([C@@]1([C@@H](C(=O)CO)CC[C@H]1[C@@H]1CC2)C=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1[C@]1(C)C2=CC(=O)CC1 PQSUYGKTWSAVDQ-ZVIOFETBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQSUYGKTWSAVDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aldosterone Natural products C1CC2C3CCC(C(=O)CO)C3(C=O)CC(O)C2C2(C)C1=CC(=O)CC2 PQSUYGKTWSAVDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101800004538 Bradykinin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102400000967 Bradykinin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- YOKMOSHEXGRDQY-VDTOINNXSA-N CCCC(C(OCC)=O)NC(C)C(N([C@H](C1)C(O)=O)[C@@]2(C)[C@]1(C)CCCC2)=O Chemical compound CCCC(C(OCC)=O)NC(C)C(N([C@H](C1)C(O)=O)[C@@]2(C)[C@]1(C)CCCC2)=O YOKMOSHEXGRDQY-VDTOINNXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisopropyl ether Chemical compound CC(C)OC(C)C ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004860 Dipeptidases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090001081 Dipeptidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- QXZGBUJJYSLZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N H-Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg-OH Natural products NC(N)=NCCCC(N)C(=O)N1CCCC1C(=O)N1C(C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)N2C(CCC2)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CCCN=C(N)N)C(O)=O)CCC1 QXZGBUJJYSLZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010019280 Heart failures Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010020772 Hypertension Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229930194542 Keto Natural products 0.000 description 1
- WLLIXJBWWFGEHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl] trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F WLLIXJBWWFGEHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004404 adrenal cortex Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229960002478 aldosterone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 208000037849 arterial hypertension Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- QXZGBUJJYSLZLT-FDISYFBBSA-N bradykinin Chemical compound NC(=N)NCCC[C@H](N)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N1[C@H](C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N2[C@@H](CCC2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(O)=O)CCC1 QXZGBUJJYSLZLT-FDISYFBBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000010877 cognitive disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004292 cyclic ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005265 dialkylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UAOMVDZJSHZZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)NC(C)C UAOMVDZJSHZZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001760 dimethyl sulfoxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WEHWNAOGRSTTBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylamine Chemical compound CCCNCCC WEHWNAOGRSTTBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229950009810 indolapril Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UZGLIIJVICEWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N octogen Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N1CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)C1 UZGLIIJVICEWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005580 one pot reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001151 peptidyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UHZYTMXLRWXGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentachloride Chemical class ClP(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl UHZYTMXLRWXGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BXRNXXXXHLBUKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperazine-2,5-dione Chemical class O=C1CNC(=O)CN1 BXRNXXXXHLBUKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- JSDRRTOADPPCHY-HSQYWUDLSA-N quinapril Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)OCC)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CC2=CC=CC=C2C1)C(O)=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JSDRRTOADPPCHY-HSQYWUDLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001455 quinapril Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005932 reductive alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- LUDPWTHDXSOXDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N s-(3-chloro-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl) ethanethioate Chemical compound ClC(=O)C(C)CSC(C)=O LUDPWTHDXSOXDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006884 silylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical class CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002051 trandolapril Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LHJCZOXMCGQVDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(propan-2-yl)silyl trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound CC(C)[Si](C(C)C)(C(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F LHJCZOXMCGQVDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- STMPXDBGVJZCEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound CC[Si](CC)(CC)OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F STMPXDBGVJZCEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005526 vasoconstrictor agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D209/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with one carbocyclic ring
- C07D209/04—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles
- C07D209/30—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
- C07D209/42—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/18—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages as well as one or more C—O—Si linkages
- C07F7/1896—Compounds having one or more Si-O-acyl linkages
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an improved process for the preparation of silylated (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole. Also provided is an improved process for the preparation of perindopril and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
- Perindopril is chemically described as (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-l-[(2S)-2-[[(ls)-l- (ethoxy carbony l)buty 1] amino] - 1 -oxopropy 1] octahy dro- 1 - 1 H-indole-2-carboxy lie acid and is represented by Formula I.
- angiotensin converting enzyme is a peptidyl dipeptidase which catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. In addition it is known to degrade to bradykinin.
- Angiotensin II is a vasoconstrictor that also stimulates aldosterone secretion by the adrenal cortex.
- Perindopril and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts inhibit the conversion of the angiotensin I decapeptide to angiotensin II octapeptide, which is responsible in certain cases for arterial hypertension, by acting on the conversion enzyme.
- the use of perindopril and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts in therapeutic applications makes it possible to reduce or even suppress the activity of these enzymes, which are responsible for the hypertensive disorder or for cardiac insufficiency.
- ACE inhibitors are also useful in treating cognitive diseases.
- U.S. Patent No. 4,508,729 describes a process for the preparation of perhydroindole derivatives including perindopril, in their racemic form or as optical isomers, and their salts with therapeutically compatible acids and bases.
- the process includes subjecting an alkyl ester of an azabicycloalkane carboxylic acid to reductive alkylation with an alpha keto carboxylic acid, or its ester, followed by subjecting the intermediate, thus obtained, to deprotection, if necessary, to convert it into the corresponding perhydroindole compound.
- 4,914,214 describes a process for the preparation of perindopril tert-butyl amine via the condensation of ester of (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole with the (S, S) diastereoisomer of N-[(S)-l-carbethoxybutyl]-(S)-alanine, in an alkaline medium, in the presence of a catalyst for peptide synthesis such as dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and 1-hydroxybenzotraizole.
- a catalyst for peptide synthesis such as dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and 1-hydroxybenzotraizole.
- WO 01/58868 describes a process for the preparation of perindopril or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
- the process includes reacting a p-toluene sulphonate salt of benzyl ester of (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole with (S, S) diastereoisomer of N-[(S)-l-carbethoxybutyl]-(S)-alanine, in the presence of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, followed by deprotection of the benzyl ester by catalytic hydrogenation to yield perindopril, which is low in the impurities associated with dicyclohexylcarbodiimide.
- the perindopril thus obtained may be converted into a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, if desired.
- these known processes for the preparation of perindopril or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts often result in undesirable associated impurities such as diketopiperazine analogues.
- WO 04/046172 describes a process for the preparation of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of perindopril, including perindopril erbumine, by the deprotection of a protected precursor compound of perindopril.
- the carboxyl group attached to the heterocyclic ring is deprotected so as to obtain the corresponding free acid, the deprotection is carried out in the presence of a base, which forms a pharmaceutically acceptable salt with said free acid formed by said deprotection.
- WO 03/064388 describes a process for the preparation of perindopril and its tert- butyl amine salt free of contaminations from dicyclohexylcarbodiimide.
- the process includes reacting N-[(S)-l-carbethoxybutyl]-(S)-alanine with a suitable carbonic acid derivative to obtain the corresponding amide, activating the compound obtained with thionyl chloride, reacting the activated compound with (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2- carboxyperhydroindole, and reacting with tert-butylamine, if desired.
- WO 04/075889 describes a process for the preparation of perindopril or its derivatives and/or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
- the process includes reacting the halogen derivative of N-[(S)-l-carbethoxybutyl]-(S)-alanine with benzyl ester of (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole followed by catalytic hydrogenation and deprotection to obtain perindopril.
- the process includes reacting (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole of Formula III
- Embodiments of the process may include one or more of the following features.
- the (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole of Formula III is used as a solution directly from a reaction in which it is formed.
- Silylating agents may be one or more of silazanes, silanes and alkylsilyl triflates.
- the silazane may be hexamethyldisilazane.
- Catalysts may be one or more of imidazole, trimethylsilylimidazole, dicyclohexylimidazole and l,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene.
- the catalyst may be imidazole.
- the reaction may be carried out in the presence of one or more suitable solvents.
- suitable solvents may be partially water miscible or water immiscible organic solvents and mixtures thereof.
- the water immiscible solvents may be one or both of dialkyl ethers and chlorinated hydrocarbons.
- the water immiscible solvent may be methylene chloride.
- the process includes condensing the silylated (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole compound of Formula II with N-[(S)-1- carbethoxybutyl]-(S)-alanine chloride hydrochloride of Formula IV
- Embodiments of the process may include one or more of the following features.
- the compound of Formula IV may be used as a solution directly from a reaction in which it is formed or the compound of Formula II may be used as a solution directly from a reaction in which it is formed.
- the compound of Formula IV may be added to the reaction mixture at a temperature of about O 0 C.
- the perindopril of Formula I may be converted to its pharmaceutically acceptable salt by reaction with one or more suitable bases in one or more suitable solvents.
- suitable bases may be mono-, di- and tri-alkyl amines.
- the suitable base may be tert- butylamine.
- Suitable solvents may be one or more of water, alkyl acetates, chlorinated hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones and/or mixtures thereof.
- the alkyl acetate may be ethyl acetate, n-propyl acetate and iso-propyl acetate and/ or mixtures thereof.
- the alkyl acetate may be ethyl acetate.
- the (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole of Formula III can be prepared by any of the processes known in the prior art including those described in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,935,525; 4,914,214; 4,902,817; 6,818,788, the relevant portions of which are herein incorporated by reference only.
- Suitable silylating agents used for the preparation of silylated (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2- carboxyperhydroindole compound of Formula II may include silazanes, such as hexamethyldisilazane and the like; silanes, such as trialkylsilane, hydrosilanes, disilanes and the like; alkylsilyl triflates, such as tert-butyldimethylsilyl triflate, triisopropylsilyl triflate, triethylsilyl triflate and the like.
- silazanes such as hexamethyldisilazane and the like
- silanes such as trialkylsilane, hydrosilanes, disilanes and the like
- alkylsilyl triflates such as tert-butyldimethylsilyl triflate, triisopropylsilyl triflate, triethylsilyl triflat
- Catalysts used for the preparation of silylated (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2- carboxyperhydroindole compound of Formula II may be any catalyst that can be used for peptide synthesis including imidazole, trimethylsilylimidazole, dicyclohexyimidazole, 1,8- diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene and the like.
- the preparation of the silylated (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole compound of Formula II may be carried out in one or more suitable solvents.
- Suitable solvents may include partially water miscible or water immiscible organic solvents
- Suitable partially water miscible or water immiscible organic solvents include hydrocarbons such as hexanes, heptanes, aromatic hydrocarbons and the like; dialkyl ethers such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether and the like; chlorinated hydrocarbons such as chloroform, methylene chloride and the like; ketones such as acetone, diethyl ketone and the like; cyclic ethers, such as tetrahydrofuran and the like; nitriles, such as acetonitrile and the like; dipolar aprotic solvents, such as dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulphoxide and the like; and mixtures thereof.
- the reaction may be carried out by refluxing in methylene chloride for about 1 to 5 hours.
- the reaction mixture may be cooled to O 0 C.
- One or more bases may be added to the reaction mixture. Suitable bases may include mono-, di- and trialkyl amines. Examples of mono-alky lamines may include ethylamine, n- propylamine and the like. Examples of dialkylamines may include diethyl amine, di-n- ethylamine, di-n-propyl amine and the like. Examples of trialkyl amines may include triethylamine, tri-iso-propylamine and the like. For example, the base used may be triethylamine.
- the reaction mixture may be further cooled to between about -15 to about 35 0 C. For example, the reaction mixture is cooled to about -25 0 C.
- perindopril of Formula I without involving any deprotection step, which may be optionally converted into its pharmaceutically acceptable salt by reaction with one or more suitable bases.
- the intermediate of Formula IV may be prepared by any of the processes known in the literature such as those described in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,914,214; 4,902,817; 6,818,788, the relevant portions of which are herein incorporated by reference.
- the compound of Formula IV obtained as a solution directly from a reaction in which it is formed and used as such without isolation.
- the silylated (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole compound of Formula II used in the preparation of perindopril may be prepared by the method described in the first aspect of the invention. It may also be prepared by any of the methods reported in the literature such as the Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 1987, 30, 992.
- the intermediate compounds of Formula II used for the preparation of perindopril may be utilized without first being isolated.
- the condensation of the compound of Formula II with a compound of Formula IV to obtain crude perindopril of Formula I may be carried out at a temperature range of between about -25 0 C to about O 0 C for a period of about 2 to about 20 minutes.
- Perindopril of Formula I may be converted into a pharmaceutically acceptable salt by adding one or more suitable bases.
- the conversion of perindopril of Formula I to its pharmaceutically acceptable salts may be carried out in the in the presence of one or more suitable solvents.
- Suitable bases may include mono-, di- and tri-alkyl amines.
- mono-, di- and tri-alkyl amines may include ethyl amine, n-propyl amine, tert-butyl amine, diethyl amine, di-isopropyl amine, tri-ethylamine, tri-isopropyl amine and the like.
- tert-butylamine may be used.
- Suitable solvents may include one or more of water, alkyl acetates, chlorinated hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones and/or mixtures thereof.
- alkyl acetates may include ethyl acetate, n-propyl acetate, iso-propyl acetate and the like.
- chlorinated hydrocarbons may include chloroform, methylene chloride and the like.
- alcohols may include methanol, ethanol, isopropanol and the like.
- ketones may include acetone, diisopropyl ketone and the like.
- the crude perindopril may be dissolved in ethyl acetate.
- the reaction mixture containing crude perindopril and one or more suitable bases may be heated to reflux to dissolve the solid.
- the reaction mixture may be slowly cooled, filtered and dried to obtain the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of perindopril.
- the process of the present invention provides a one pot method for the preparation of perindopril of Formula I, or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, starting from silylated (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole compound of Formula II.
- silylated (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2- carboxyperhydroindole compound of Formula II may also be used for the preparation of other ACE inhibitors such as trandolapril.
- the crude perindopril was dissolved in ethyl acetate (300 ml) and then tert- butylamine (10 g) was added. The mixture was heated to reflux to dissolve all solids. It was slowly cooled to 15 0 C over 2 hours and filtered. The wet solid was washed with ethyl acetate and dried at 45 0 C to 5O 0 C under reduced pressure to get perindopril tert- butylamine (40 g).
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an improved process for the preparation of silylated (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole. Also provided is an improved process for the preparation of perindopril and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
Description
PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF PERINDOPRIL
Technical Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an improved process for the preparation of silylated (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole. Also provided is an improved process for the preparation of perindopril and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
Background of the Invention
Perindopril is chemically described as (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-l-[(2S)-2-[[(ls)-l- (ethoxy carbony l)buty 1] amino] - 1 -oxopropy 1] octahy dro- 1 - 1 H-indole-2-carboxy lie acid and is represented by Formula I.
Formula I
Perindopril and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts are known to have therapeutic applications as angiotensin converting enzyme ("ACE") inhibitors. The angiotensin converting enzyme is a peptidyl dipeptidase which catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. In addition it is known to degrade to bradykinin. Angiotensin II is a vasoconstrictor that also stimulates aldosterone secretion by the adrenal cortex. Perindopril and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, in particular the tert-butyl amine salt, inhibit the conversion of the angiotensin I decapeptide to angiotensin II octapeptide, which is responsible in certain cases for arterial hypertension, by acting on the conversion enzyme. The use of perindopril and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts in therapeutic applications makes it possible to reduce or even suppress the activity of these enzymes, which are responsible for the hypertensive disorder or for cardiac insufficiency. In
addition, it has been discovered that ACE inhibitors are also useful in treating cognitive diseases.
Various methods are reported in literature for the preparation of perindopril and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts such as those described in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,508,729; 4,914,214, the relevant portions of which are herein incorporated by reference and PCT Publication Nos. WO 01/58868; WO 04/046172; WO 03/064388; WO 04/075889 and German Patent No. 19721290.
U.S. Patent No. 4,508,729 describes a process for the preparation of perhydroindole derivatives including perindopril, in their racemic form or as optical isomers, and their salts with therapeutically compatible acids and bases. The process includes subjecting an alkyl ester of an azabicycloalkane carboxylic acid to reductive alkylation with an alpha keto carboxylic acid, or its ester, followed by subjecting the intermediate, thus obtained, to deprotection, if necessary, to convert it into the corresponding perhydroindole compound. U.S. Patent No. 4,914,214 describes a process for the preparation of perindopril tert-butyl amine via the condensation of ester of (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole with the (S, S) diastereoisomer of N-[(S)-l-carbethoxybutyl]-(S)-alanine, in an alkaline medium, in the presence of a catalyst for peptide synthesis such as dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and 1-hydroxybenzotraizole. Next the carboxylic group is deprotected to obtain perindopril and is treated with tert-butyl amine to obtain perindopril erbumine.
WO 01/58868 describes a process for the preparation of perindopril or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The process includes reacting a p-toluene sulphonate salt of benzyl ester of (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole with (S, S) diastereoisomer of N-[(S)-l-carbethoxybutyl]-(S)-alanine, in the presence of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, followed by deprotection of the benzyl ester by catalytic hydrogenation to yield perindopril, which is low in the impurities associated with dicyclohexylcarbodiimide. The perindopril, thus obtained may be converted into a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, if desired.
However, these known processes for the preparation of perindopril or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts often result in undesirable associated impurities such as diketopiperazine analogues.
WO 04/046172 describes a process for the preparation of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of perindopril, including perindopril erbumine, by the deprotection of a protected precursor compound of perindopril. The carboxyl group attached to the heterocyclic ring is deprotected so as to obtain the corresponding free acid, the deprotection is carried out in the presence of a base, which forms a pharmaceutically acceptable salt with said free acid formed by said deprotection. WO 03/064388 describes a process for the preparation of perindopril and its tert- butyl amine salt free of contaminations from dicyclohexylcarbodiimide. The process includes reacting N-[(S)-l-carbethoxybutyl]-(S)-alanine with a suitable carbonic acid derivative to obtain the corresponding amide, activating the compound obtained with thionyl chloride, reacting the activated compound with (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2- carboxyperhydroindole, and reacting with tert-butylamine, if desired.
WO 04/075889 describes a process for the preparation of perindopril or its derivatives and/or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The process includes reacting the halogen derivative of N-[(S)-l-carbethoxybutyl]-(S)-alanine with benzyl ester of (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole followed by catalytic hydrogenation and deprotection to obtain perindopril.
It is apparent from the above that while several methods for the preparation of perindopril and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts either involve the use of hazardous and costly coupling agents like dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and 1-hydroxybenzotraizole thus leading to the formation of impurities associated with dicyclohexylcarbodiimide or essentially require acidic or alkaline conditions. Besides this, most of the methods reported in the literature involve the step of deprotection of the precursor compound, to obtain perindopril, which is then converted into perindopril erbumine.
Thus there is a need for an improved industrially advantageous method for the preparation of perindopril and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts which avoid the drawbacks associated with the methods reported in the literature.
DE 19721290 describes a process for the preparation of several ACE inhibitors, including perindopril erbumine, via the silylation of N-[(S)-l-carbethoxybutyl]-(S)- alanine, followed by activation of the silylated compound with thionyl chloride. The activated silylated compound is then reacted with (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole to obtain perindopril.
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, (1987) 30, 992 describes a method of preparation of silylated (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole compound of Formula II
Formula Il by refluxing a reaction mixture containing (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole of Formula III
with hexamethyldisilazane and chlorotrimethylsilane in acetonitrile. The resulting solution was cooled in an ice-bath followed by the addition of (acetylthio)-2-methyl propionyl chloride in acetonitrile. After the completion of the reaction a major portion of chlorotrimethylsilane and acetonitrile are allowed to escape from the reaction mixture by refluxing, followed by extraction of the pure product by aqueous work-up and several recrystallizations. The article describes the use of silylated (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2- carboxyperhydroindole compound of Formula III for the preparation of ACE inhibitors
such as indolapril and quinapril. However, its use for the preparation of perindopril of Formula I, or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, is not reported in the literature.
The process described in the literature for the preparation of silylated (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole compound of Formula II involves the use of a corrosive, highly flammable reagent, chlorotrimethylsilane, to enhance the reaction which is not suitable for an industrial scale preparation.
Summary of the Invention
In one general aspect there is provided a process for the preparation of silylated (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole compound of Formula II
The process includes reacting (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole of Formula III
with a silylating agent in the presence of one or more catalysts.
Embodiments of the process may include one or more of the following features. For example, the (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole of Formula III is used as a solution directly from a reaction in which it is formed.
Silylating agents may be one or more of silazanes, silanes and alkylsilyl triflates. For example, the silazane may be hexamethyldisilazane.
Catalysts may be one or more of imidazole, trimethylsilylimidazole, dicyclohexylimidazole and l,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene. For example, the catalyst may be imidazole.
The reaction may be carried out in the presence of one or more suitable solvents. Suitable solvents may be partially water miscible or water immiscible organic solvents and mixtures thereof. The water immiscible solvents may be one or both of dialkyl ethers and chlorinated hydrocarbons. The water immiscible solvent may be methylene chloride.
In another general aspect there is provided a process for the conversion of silylated (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole compound of Formula II
Formula I
or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts. The process includes condensing the silylated (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole compound of Formula II with N-[(S)-1- carbethoxybutyl]-(S)-alanine chloride hydrochloride of Formula IV
Formula IV to obtain perindopril of Formula I.
Embodiments of the process may include one or more of the following features. For example, the compound of Formula IV may be used as a solution directly from a reaction in which it is formed or the compound of Formula II may be used as a solution directly from a reaction in which it is formed. In addition, the compound of Formula IV may be added to the reaction mixture at a temperature of about O0C.
The perindopril of Formula I may be converted to its pharmaceutically acceptable salt by reaction with one or more suitable bases in one or more suitable solvents. Suitable bases may be mono-, di- and tri-alkyl amines. For example, the suitable base may be tert- butylamine.
Suitable solvents may be one or more of water, alkyl acetates, chlorinated hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones and/or mixtures thereof. The alkyl acetate may be ethyl acetate, n-propyl acetate and iso-propyl acetate and/ or mixtures thereof. For example, the alkyl acetate may be ethyl acetate.
Detailed Description of the Invention
The (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole of Formula III can be prepared by any of the processes known in the prior art including those described in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,935,525; 4,914,214; 4,902,817; 6,818,788, the relevant portions of which are herein incorporated by reference only.
Suitable silylating agents used for the preparation of silylated (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2- carboxyperhydroindole compound of Formula II may include silazanes, such as hexamethyldisilazane and the like; silanes, such as trialkylsilane, hydrosilanes, disilanes and the like; alkylsilyl triflates, such as tert-butyldimethylsilyl triflate, triisopropylsilyl triflate, triethylsilyl triflate and the like. For example, hexamethyldisilazane may be used as the silylating agent.
Catalysts used for the preparation of silylated (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2- carboxyperhydroindole compound of Formula II may be any catalyst that can be used for peptide synthesis including imidazole, trimethylsilylimidazole, dicyclohexyimidazole, 1,8- diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene and the like. The preparation of the silylated (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole compound of Formula II may be carried out in one or more suitable solvents. Suitable solvents may include partially water miscible or water immiscible organic solvents, Suitable partially water miscible or water immiscible organic solvents include hydrocarbons such as hexanes, heptanes, aromatic hydrocarbons and the like; dialkyl ethers such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether and the like; chlorinated hydrocarbons such as chloroform, methylene chloride and the like; ketones such as acetone, diethyl ketone and the like; cyclic ethers, such as tetrahydrofuran and the like; nitriles, such as acetonitrile and the like; dipolar aprotic solvents, such as dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulphoxide and the like; and mixtures thereof. For example, the reaction may be carried out by refluxing in methylene chloride for about 1 to 5 hours.
After completion of the reaction, the reaction mixture may be cooled to O0C. One or more bases may be added to the reaction mixture. Suitable bases may include mono-, di- and trialkyl amines. Examples of mono-alky lamines may include ethylamine, n- propylamine and the like. Examples of dialkylamines may include diethyl amine, di-n-
ethylamine, di-n-propyl amine and the like. Examples of trialkyl amines may include triethylamine, tri-iso-propylamine and the like. For example, the base used may be triethylamine. The reaction mixture may be further cooled to between about -15 to about 350C. For example, the reaction mixture is cooled to about -250C.
The silylated (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole compound of Formula II,
Formula Il
may be converted to perindopril of Formula I,
Formula I by condensation of silylated (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole compound of
Formula II with N-[(S)-l-carbethoxybutyl]-(S)-alanine chloride hydrochloride of Formula
to obtain perindopril of Formula I, without involving any deprotection step, which may be optionally converted into its pharmaceutically acceptable salt by reaction with one or more suitable bases.
The intermediate of Formula IV may be prepared by any of the processes known in the literature such as those described in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,914,214; 4,902,817; 6,818,788, the relevant portions of which are herein incorporated by reference. The compound of Formula IV obtained as a solution directly from a reaction in which it is formed and used as such without isolation.
The silylated (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole compound of Formula II used in the preparation of perindopril may be prepared by the method described in the first aspect of the invention. It may also be prepared by any of the methods reported in the literature such as the Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 1987, 30, 992.
In the present invention the intermediate compounds of Formula II used for the preparation of perindopril may be utilized without first being isolated. The condensation of the compound of Formula II with a compound of Formula IV to obtain crude perindopril of Formula I may be carried out at a temperature range of between about -250C to about O0C for a period of about 2 to about 20 minutes.
Perindopril of Formula I may be converted into a pharmaceutically acceptable salt by adding one or more suitable bases. The conversion of perindopril of Formula I to its pharmaceutically acceptable salts may be carried out in the in the presence of one or more suitable solvents.
Suitable bases may include mono-, di- and tri-alkyl amines. Examples of mono-, di- and tri-alkyl amines may include ethyl amine, n-propyl amine, tert-butyl amine, diethyl amine, di-isopropyl amine, tri-ethylamine, tri-isopropyl amine and the like. For example, tert-butylamine may be used.
Suitable solvents may include one or more of water, alkyl acetates, chlorinated hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones and/or mixtures thereof. Examples of alkyl acetates may include ethyl acetate, n-propyl acetate, iso-propyl acetate and the like. Examples of chlorinated hydrocarbons may include chloroform, methylene chloride and the like. Examples of alcohols may include methanol, ethanol, isopropanol and the like. Examples
of ketones may include acetone, diisopropyl ketone and the like. For example, the crude perindopril may be dissolved in ethyl acetate.
The reaction mixture containing crude perindopril and one or more suitable bases may be heated to reflux to dissolve the solid. The reaction mixture may be slowly cooled, filtered and dried to obtain the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of perindopril.
The process of the present invention provides a one pot method for the preparation of perindopril of Formula I, or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, starting from silylated (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole compound of Formula II.
The present inventors have found that the silylated (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2- carboxyperhydroindole compound of Formula II may also be used for the preparation of other ACE inhibitors such as trandolapril.
While the present invention has been described in terms of its specific embodiments, certain modifications and equivalents will be apparent to those skilled in the art and are included within the scope of the present invention. The examples are provided to illustrate particular aspects of the disclosure and do not limit the scope of the present invention as defined by the claims.
Example 1
To a slurry of N-[(S)-l-carbethoxybutyl]-(S)-alanine (30 g) in methylene chloride (125 ml) dry HCl gas at O0C to 50C was purged for 30 minutes. To this phosphorus pentachloride (36 g) was added at O0C to 50C over a period of 30 minutes. After the addition, the reaction mixture was stirred at O0C to 50C for 2 hours and methylene chloride was removed under reduced pressure. Hexane (150 ml) was added to the residue and the contents were stirred at O0C to 50C for 15 minutes. The precipitated solid was filtered and washed with hexane (2x30 ml) to get N-[(S)-l-carbethoxybutyl]-(S)-alanine chloride hydrochloride which was directly used in the condensation reaction. To a slurry of (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole (25 g) in methylene chloride (250 ml) hexamethyldisilazane (24 g) and imidazole (0.5 g) were added. The reaction mixture was refluxed for 3 hours and then cooled to O0C. Triethylamine (30 g) was then added to the reaction mixture and it was further cooled to -250C. To this reaction mixture wet N-[(S)-l-carbethoxybutyl]-(S)-alanine chloride hydrochloride obtained above was added at -250C to O0C over a period of 5-10 minutes. After addition, the reaction mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was washed with water and concentrated to get crude perindopril.
The crude perindopril was dissolved in ethyl acetate (300 ml) and then tert- butylamine (10 g) was added. The mixture was heated to reflux to dissolve all solids. It was slowly cooled to 150C over 2 hours and filtered. The wet solid was washed with ethyl acetate and dried at 450C to 5O0C under reduced pressure to get perindopril tert- butylamine (40 g).
Claims
We Claim: 1. A process for the preparation of silylated (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole compound of Formula II
Formula Il
comprising reacting (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole of Formula III
with a silylating agent in the presence of one or more catalysts. 2. The process according to claim 1, wherein (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2- carboxyperhydroindole of Formula III is used as a solution directly from a reaction in which it is formed. 3. The process according to claim 1, wherein the silylating agent comprises one or more of silazanes, silanes and alkylsilyl triflates. 4. The process according to claim 3, wherein the silazane comprises hexamethyldisilazane.
5. The process according to claim 1, wherein the one or more catalysts comprise one or more of imidazole, trimethylsilylimidazole, dicyclohexylimidazole and 1,8- diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene. 6. The process according to claim 5, wherein the one or more catalysts comprise imidazole. 7. The process according to claim 1, wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of one or more suitable solvents.
The process according to claim 7, wherein the one or more suitable solvents comprises partially water miscible or water immiscible organic solvents and mixtures thereof. 9. The process according to claim 8, wherein the water immiscible solvents comprise one or both of dialkyl ethers and chlorinated hydrocarbons. 10. The process according to claim 9, wherein the water immiscible solvents comprise methylene chloride. 11. A process for the conversion of silylated (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole compound of Formula II
Formula Il
to perindopril of Formula I
Formula I
or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, the process comprising condensing the silylated (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-2-carboxyperhydroindole compound of Formula II with N-[(S)-1- carbethoxybutyl]-(S)-alanine chloride hydrochloride of Formula IV
Formula IV to obtain perindopril of Formula I. 12. The process according to claim 11, wherein the compound of Formula IV is used as a solution directly from a reaction in which it is formed. 13. The process according to claim 11, wherein the compound of Formula II is used as a solution directly from a reaction in which it is formed. 14. The process according to claim 11, wherein the compound of Formula IV is added to the reaction mixture at a temperature of about O0C. 15. The process according to claim 11, wherein the perindopril of Formula I is converted to its pharmaceutically acceptable salt by reaction with one or more suitable bases in one or more suitable solvents. 16. The process according to claim 15, wherein the one or more suitable bases comprise mono-, di- and tri-alkyl amines. 17. The process according to claim 16, wherein the one or more suitable bases comprises tert-butylamine.
18. The process according to claim 15, wherein the one or more suitable solvents comprise one or more of water, alkyl acetates, chlorinated hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones and mixtures thereof. 19. The process according to claim 18, wherein the alkyl acetate comprises one or more of ethyl acetate, n-propyl acetate and iso-propyl acetate and mixtures thereof. 20. The process according to claim 19, wherein the alkyl acetate comprises ethyl acetate.
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