WO2006135744A2 - Systeme et procede d'extraction de petrole - Google Patents

Systeme et procede d'extraction de petrole Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2006135744A2
WO2006135744A2 PCT/US2006/022467 US2006022467W WO2006135744A2 WO 2006135744 A2 WO2006135744 A2 WO 2006135744A2 US 2006022467 W US2006022467 W US 2006022467W WO 2006135744 A2 WO2006135744 A2 WO 2006135744A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oil
main shaft
tunnel
formation
drift
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2006/022467
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2006135744A3 (fr
Inventor
Jackie R. See
Mark S. See
Original Assignee
Rockwell Petroleum, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rockwell Petroleum, Inc. filed Critical Rockwell Petroleum, Inc.
Publication of WO2006135744A2 publication Critical patent/WO2006135744A2/fr
Publication of WO2006135744A3 publication Critical patent/WO2006135744A3/fr

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/30Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells
    • E21B43/305Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells comprising at least one inclined or horizontal well
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21CMINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C41/00Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
    • E21C41/16Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
    • E21C41/24Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for oil-bearing deposits

Definitions

  • Oil extraction systems and methods are generally discussed herein with particular discussions extended to systems and methods for extracting oil from oil reservoirs located in a prematurely abandoned oil field using, among other things, upward drilling.
  • the systems and methods of the present invention include the driving of a pipe from the earth's surface into an oil bearing formation.
  • the pipe is then mucked out i.e., the dirt and other rock is withdrawn from the pipe leaving the pipe empty in the ground.
  • An access tunnel is then drilled from the base or bottom of the pipe into the formation and bore holes are drilled from the access tunnel upwardly into the formation at various angles.
  • An oil water separation device is then provided at the base of the pipe for separating oil from water that flows from the bore holes into the access tunnel and thence along the access tunnel to the region adjacent the pipe.
  • a pumping system is provided at the ground surface for pumping oil separated by the centrifuge from the bottom of the installed pipe to the ground surface for processing.
  • aspects of the present invention further include a system for extracting crude oil from an oil formation below ground, the system comprising: a main shaft extending into the oil formation and terminating below the formation and in communication with an opening at ground surface level; a drift tunnel extending at an angle to the main shaft; a plurality of oil production bore holes extending between the oil formation and the drift tunnel, at least one oil production bore hole having a section positioned at an angle relative to the main shaft; and a manifold system for collecting oil mixture from the plurality of oil production bore holes located in the drift tunnel.
  • a system for extracting crude oil from an oil formation below ground comprising: a main shaft extending into the oil formation and terminating below the oil formation and in communication with an opening at ground surface level, the main shaft comprising a metal pipe and grout; a drift tunnel of a first general cross-sectional dimension extending from the main shaft a drilling station of a second general cross-sectional dimension in communication with the drift tunnel and spaced apart from the main shaft; a plurality of oil production bore holes extending between the oil formation and the drilling station, at least two oil production bore holes each having a section positioned at an angle relative to the main shaft; and a manifold system for collecting oil mixture from the plurality of oil production bore holes located in the drift tunnel.
  • a system for extracting crude oil from an oil formation below ground comprising: a main shaft extending into an oil formation and terminating below the oil formation; a drift tunnel of at least 500 feet in length extending below the oil formation; a plurality of oil production bore holes extending between the oil formation and the draft tunnel; a manifold system for collecting oil mixture from the plurality of oil production bore holes located in the drift tunnel; and a pumping system for pumping the oil mixture to ground surface level.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic showing the access tunnel and upwardly extending bore holes
  • Figure 3 is a schematic plan view of a plurality of production holes extending from a drilling station.
  • FIGS 1 and 2 are schematic depictions of an oil well system 10, provided in accordance with practice of the present invention installed in an oil field 12.
  • the system includes a main shaft 14, preferably formed and encased with a metal pipe, such a low grade steel which can be up to 10 feet or larger in diameter.
  • the shaft is preferably grouted in and dewatered prior to production.
  • the main shaft 14 may be formed via known pile driving techniques common in the mining industry or drilling techniques common in the oil production industry.
  • the main shaft 14 is preferably drilled, using old logging information, to a greater depth than existing known oil traps or reservoir traps.
  • a reservoir trap of 1,000 feet is assumed and a main shaft of about 1,300 feet is drilled.
  • the main shaft may be drilled to a much greater depth without deviating from the spirit and scope of the present invention, such as several thousand feet deeper, e.g., 3,500 - 5,000 feet deeper. This would allow the main shaft to be used to access multiple reservoir traps at different depths.
  • a production drift is excavated about 100 feet to about 600 feet or more below a known trap with 300 feet below a trap being more preferred.
  • first trap is located at about 600 feet and a second at about 1300 feet
  • main shaft would be drilled to about 1600 feet with horizontal drifts excavated at about 900 feet and 1600 feet respectively for drilling into both traps, as further discussed below.
  • Changes in depths below a known trap may vary depending on rock formation, trapped gas, etc.
  • vent shafts 16, 18 are drilled to approximately the same depth as the main shaft 14, with the depth being about 300 feet below an oil trap.
  • the vent shafts 16, 18 are preferably located equally spaced apart from the main shaft and have a completed inside diameter of about 30 inches.
  • the vent shafts incorporate hydrostatic steel casing, and are grouted, and dewatered.
  • the vent shafts are each located about 700 feet from the main shaft but may vary without deviating from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
  • the vent shafts provide ventilation for the main shaft, when proper air blowers or fans are installed, as well function as emergency escape bullets.
  • additional vein SHa 1 I may oe use ⁇ wim me minimum number being dictated generally by regulatory agencies.
  • the two vent shafts 16, 18 are connected to the main shaft 14 by horizontal drifts 20, 22.
  • only one of the vent shafts 16 or 18 is produced concurrently with the main shaft 14 while the second vent shaft is subsequently produced. This approach allows oil production to start while the second vent shaft is installed and connected.
  • traditional venting and safety precautions may be used, such as equipping the main shaft with a 30-inch temporary auxiliary vent tube that also functions as an emergency escape bullet. Fan and vent bag system of ventilation may be also be used.
  • a hoist system, head frame, and guides will be installed in the main shaft. These devices are well known in the art and thus no further discussion is deemed necessary.
  • the horizontal drifts 20, 22 are formed by first excavating a breakout chamber at the base of the main shaft on each side of the main shaft, i.e., 180 degrees apart with different spacing being acceptable.
  • the break out chambers 24, 26 may be excavated by conventional drill-and-blast methods to a size of 16 feet x 24 feet by 16 feet high, each.
  • the breakout chambers are preferably equipped with steel roof supports and shortcreted. Muck produced from the excavation and drilling can be fed to a moving grizzly system and dumped into skips, which are hoisted to the surface for treatment and/or disposal.
  • a 10 feet x 10 feet drift is excavated from each break out chamber using conventional drill-and-blast methods.
  • the drifts 20, 22 connect the main shaft 14 to the two vent shafts 16, 18.
  • the drifts should be shortcreted and steel set for ground support with a concrete invert.
  • a plurality of drilling stations 28a-28f are formed within each horizontal drift.
  • three spaced-apart drilling stations are formed in each horizontal drift.
  • fewer or more than three drilling stations are also acceptable with economic, safety, and efficiency being factors that may dictate the overall number.
  • each drilling station is configured for use in well preparation and production drills at various times or stages. Although the drilling stations can vary, each station is preferably excavated to about 24 feet x 26 feet by about 20 feet high.
  • the first drilling station 28a, 28d in each drift is about 100 feet from the base of the main shaft 14.
  • Each subsequent drilling station is about 200 feet from the previous drilling station, i.e., at 300 feet and 500 feet, respectively, from the base of the main shaft.
  • the drilling stations may be spaced apart from one another by a greater distance, such as 300 feet to 800 feet or greater, or a smaller distance, such as 100 feet to 300 feet.
  • Muck generated while forming the drifts may be removed using load haul dumps (LHDs) and transported to the muck bay at the main shaft station. There, the muck is fed to the grizzly and into the skips, which are hoisted to the surface for disposal or removal from the site. Muck may also be removed from the surface using automated roller belt installed at the main shaft and operated from the surface.
  • LHDs load haul dumps
  • positive ventilation may be installed using one or more fans or blowers on the top of the ventilation shafts.
  • the ventilation shafts may also be used as emergency escape routes.
  • a sump 30, 32 may be excavated in the general vicinity of each ventilation shaft 16, 18.
  • the sump is about 20 feet x 20 feet x 25 feet deep.
  • the sump will serve as a collection pit for collecting production flow from the production sites, as further discussed below.
  • An 8-inch production hole 34, 36 is drilled and cased at each ventilation shaft from the surface to the end of the drift in the vicinity of the sump 30, 32.
  • Sand-oil-gas-water mixture will be pumped to the surface through the two cased production holes 34, 36.
  • production holes 34, 36 By incorporating production holes 34, 36, combustible fluids and gases may be isolated from the drifts and therefore enhance safety of the workers below. Additional production holes like 34 and 36 may be added along the drift sections.
  • a horizontal drift 20 is shown subjacent a reservoir trap 40.
  • a plurality of oil production boreholes 42 are drilled at each station (with only one drilling station 28a shown).
  • twenty-eight (28) boreholes each having a 4 to 8 inch diameter, preferably 4.5 inch diameter, are drilled upwards from the drilling station 28a towards the reservoir trap 40.
  • the production boreholes are drilled at an angle from the drilling station 28a towards the reservoir trap 40.
  • a hydraulic drill (not shown) may be used to drill the production boreholes 42.
  • a 125-horsepower electric pump can drill holes 2,500 feet in length.
  • directional drilling may be needed when drilling the production boreholes 42.
  • the plurality of boreholes function as flow paths for the sand-oil-water-gas mixture in the reservoir trap 40 to flow and be collected and eventually lifted to the surface for recovery.
  • a pattern of 4 to 6 boreholes 42 fanning out in multiple directions from the drilling station 28a is used to drill the boreholes.
  • the pattern of 4 to 6 boreholes in a particular targeted reservoir trap region decreases the spacing between boreholes thereby increasing the probability of finding the oil mixture.
  • Each borehole 42 is preferably prepped by first drilling a 6-inch borehole 44 into the sandstone above the horizontal drift 28a about 40 feet in length. This 6-inch entry point 44 will be cased, grouted, and equipped with a collar with a pressure-control device. Once the entry point is prepped, production drilling can begin. Preferably, the entry points 44 for the plurality of boreholes 42 are prepped prior to beginning production drilling. Other entry bore hole sizes are acceptable, such as one in the range of about 8 inches to about 14 inches.
  • a header and/or manifold system is formed in each horizontal drift 20, 22.
  • the manifold system collects flow from the plurality of production boreholes 42 and route the collection of flow towards the sump 30, 32 located at the end of each drift for pumping to the surface.
  • the collected mixture is fed into a receiving tank located at each sump 30, 32 and pumped to the surface mrough the respective S-mch production hole 34, 36.
  • the sumps can be covered or include enclosed collection tanks for collecting the drained oil-water-gas-sand mixture. This embodiment provides for an entirely enclosed system for isolating the fluid mixture from the air space in the drifts and main shaft. Pressured relief valves and other safety devices may be necessary to maintain adequate safety for the workers.
  • the produced sand-oil-gas-water mixture can be separated at the surface using known prior art methods such as a settling tank, a centrifuge, chemical treatment, etc.
  • the oil can be stored in a storage tank for gathering, the water can be reinjected into the formation for reservoir re-pressure stimulation, and gas can be flared on location or used for heating.
  • the spent sands can be stored on a lined surface for possible later use by construction or road construction.
  • the mixture may be separated from below and only oil, or higher concentration of oil mixture, lifted to the surface. If the oil-water-gas-sand mixture is treated below ground, a centrifuge may be used to separate the mixture. Discharge bore holes may be drilled downwards in the vicinity of each sump for discharging byproducts.
  • FIG. 3 a schematic plan view of the horizontal drift 20 viewed from just below the reservoir trap 40 of FIG. 2 is shown. As shown, a plurality of boreholes 42 are drilled from the roof of the drilling station 28a. Depending on the logging information, testing, and coring information obtained during drilling, directional drilling may be used to drill certain boreholes. In FIG. 3, directional drilling is used to drill three of the production boreholes 42a, 42b, and 42c.
  • the production and handling system may be monitored from a central control unit on the surface, which may be equipped with controlling means for regulating flow rate at each production borehole.
  • Underground air quality may also be monitored from the central control unit for safety.
  • Production may be facilitated by sampling and testing the recovered mixture as well as the reservoir.
  • NMR oil logging may be used several miles underground to determine rock and fluid properties; MRI logging, which permits real-time analysis while drilling; electric log; gamma ray logging, and caliper logging, just to name a few, may also be used.
  • Volumetric determination by labeling microspheres with a nonradioactive substance and introducing the labeled microspheres into a body of fluid for which a determination is to be made may also be used to measure flow rate of the recovered mixture.
  • An additional technique for measuring flow is to use labeled microspheres in combination with MRI or CT imaging.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 6,001,333 the contents of which are expressly incorporated herein by reference.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système destiné à l'extraction de pétrole brut. Le système comprend un arbre principal et une ou plusieurs dérivations horizontales qui font saillie depuis la base de l'arbre principal, disposées adjacentes à un piège de réservoir ou à une formation pétrolière, ou juste en dessous. Plusieurs trous de forage de produit sont forés depuis la dérivation horizontale en direction du piège de réservoir pour collecter le mélange de pétrole et le diriger de manière à en assurer l'écoulement, soit par gravité soit grâce à la pression du réservoir à un certain angle vers les dérivations sous la formation. Un collecteur ou un système de distribution disposé dans une ou plusieurs dérivations horizontales collectent le flux provenant de plusieurs trous de forage de production. Le flux collecté est soit pompé soit remonté à la surface à des fins de séparation, de traitement et/ou de transformation; il peut aussi être traité avant d'être pompé ou remonté à la surface.
PCT/US2006/022467 2005-06-10 2006-06-09 Systeme et procede d'extraction de petrole WO2006135744A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US68930805P 2005-06-10 2005-06-10
US60/689,308 2005-06-10

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WO2006135744A2 true WO2006135744A2 (fr) 2006-12-21
WO2006135744A3 WO2006135744A3 (fr) 2009-04-30

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008085319A1 (fr) * 2007-01-04 2008-07-17 Rock Well Petroleum Inc. Procédés de collecte de pétrole brut et appareils collecteurs de pétrole brut
WO2008085318A1 (fr) * 2007-01-11 2008-07-17 Rock Well Petroleum Inc. Procédés de collecte de pétrole brut et appareils collecteurs de pétrole brut
US8307918B2 (en) 2007-06-20 2012-11-13 New Era Petroleum, Llc Hydrocarbon recovery drill string apparatus, subterranean hydrocarbon recovery drilling methods, and subterranean hydrocarbon recovery methods

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US7832483B2 (en) * 2008-01-23 2010-11-16 New Era Petroleum, Llc. Methods of recovering hydrocarbons from oil shale and sub-surface oil shale recovery arrangements for recovering hydrocarbons from oil shale

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WO2008085318A1 (fr) * 2007-01-11 2008-07-17 Rock Well Petroleum Inc. Procédés de collecte de pétrole brut et appareils collecteurs de pétrole brut
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US20060290197A1 (en) 2006-12-28
WO2006135744A3 (fr) 2009-04-30

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