WO2006131468A1 - Dispositif pour detecter un courant electrique - Google Patents

Dispositif pour detecter un courant electrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006131468A1
WO2006131468A1 PCT/EP2006/062753 EP2006062753W WO2006131468A1 WO 2006131468 A1 WO2006131468 A1 WO 2006131468A1 EP 2006062753 W EP2006062753 W EP 2006062753W WO 2006131468 A1 WO2006131468 A1 WO 2006131468A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
magnetic field
electric current
detecting
shield
field probes
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2006/062753
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefan Dietz
Jochen Ermisch
Reinhold Keck
Wojciech Olszewski
Jürgen Sperber
Frank Thieme
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to EP06763397A priority Critical patent/EP1889077A1/fr
Publication of WO2006131468A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006131468A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
    • G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
    • G01R15/20—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using galvano-magnetic devices, e.g. Hall-effect devices, i.e. measuring a magnetic field via the interaction between a current and a magnetic field, e.g. magneto resistive or Hall effect devices
    • G01R15/207—Constructional details independent of the type of device used
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
    • G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
    • G01R15/20—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using galvano-magnetic devices, e.g. Hall-effect devices, i.e. measuring a magnetic field via the interaction between a current and a magnetic field, e.g. magneto resistive or Hall effect devices
    • G01R15/205—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using galvano-magnetic devices, e.g. Hall-effect devices, i.e. measuring a magnetic field via the interaction between a current and a magnetic field, e.g. magneto resistive or Hall effect devices using magneto-resistance devices, e.g. field plates
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
    • G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
    • G01R15/20—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using galvano-magnetic devices, e.g. Hall-effect devices, i.e. measuring a magnetic field via the interaction between a current and a magnetic field, e.g. magneto resistive or Hall effect devices
    • G01R15/202—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using galvano-magnetic devices, e.g. Hall-effect devices, i.e. measuring a magnetic field via the interaction between a current and a magnetic field, e.g. magneto resistive or Hall effect devices using Hall-effect devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for detecting an electric current.
  • Such a device is known for example from the published patent application DE 103 07 704 Al. There is described a device having a probe for detecting a magnetic field based on the Hall effect. The probe there is inserted into an air gap of an annular core of iron material. About the annular core, a magnetic flux is concentrated. The device has an annular housing surrounding the annular core. This housing is made of a suitable material, for example plastic material. By means of an integrated circuit, the known device can be calibrated to compensate, for example, fluctuations in the components and process fluctuations.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a means for detecting an electric current, which is insensitive to external disturbances.
  • the object is achieved in that a plurality of radially distributed around a main axis arranged substantially in a plane magnetic field probes of a
  • Multi-phase AC systems are used.
  • the currents flowing in the individual phases cause magnetic fields.
  • the distances between the individual phases for guiding an electric current are becoming ever smaller.
  • a reliable potential separation can be achieved by an appropriate design of the electrical insulation or the use of field control elements for steering an electric field, however, there is a superposition of magnetic fields that emanate from the various electrical currents.
  • the magnetic fields are so often disturbances.
  • the effect of interference magnetic fields can be compensated by suitable calculation methods.
  • only the normal components that is, only the portions of a magnetic field which pass perpendicularly through the respective probe, are detected by the respective magnetic field probes. Since the magnetic fields propagate spatially on generally curved tracks, it can be assumed with a relatively high probability that only small portions of the interference fields are measured along with some magnetic field probes. Others, on the other hand, have a stronger influence. The strength of the influence depends on the course of the field lines of the magnetic interference radiation. Thus, a magnetic field line of an interference field that passes almost perpendicularly through a magnetic field probe is also measured to a very large extent.
  • interference fields whose field lines intersect a magnetic field probe at a very acute angle, mitge messenger only to a very small extent, as the Normal component is relatively small.
  • the uniformly distributed on the circumference magnetic probes are flooded by the interference field in each case from different directions.
  • the proportions based on the interfering field are compensated for assuming a homogeneous interference field.
  • the electric current to be measured is imaged with great accuracy.
  • inhomogeneous interference fields their effects can be limited by shielding.
  • the arithmetic mean of the measured values of a plurality of magnetic field probes can be used in order to obtain a sufficient accuracy of the measurement results.
  • a statistical evaluation method can be used with this method in order to rule out particularly deviating measured values.
  • the magnetic field probes distributed radially around a main axis can be protected from interference fields by shielding.
  • the use of the shielding effects the steering of the magnetic field line around the magnetic field probes.
  • the measurement results of a single magnetic field probe can be kept free even to a large extent of external magnetic interference fields.
  • a symmetrical distribution of a plurality of magnetic field probes around the main axis comparatively accurate measured data can thus be expected.
  • a current-carrying electrical conductor along the main axis while the magnetic field probes should be arranged in each case with approximately the same distance from the main axis.
  • a uniform distribution and a position of the probes in a common plane ensure that a magnetic field to be measured passes evenly through the magnetic field probes.
  • the shielding can be configured such that the magnetic field probes are only protected from magnetic interference fields from certain directions.
  • the magnetic field probes may, for example, also be covered individually with respective screen segments.
  • An embodiment may advantageously provide that the shield has at least one wall which extends laterally next to the magnetic field probes in the direction of the main axis.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention can provide that the shield has a wall which covers the magnetic field probes in the radial direction.
  • Multi-phase AC systems usually work with multi-phase AC systems. These systems are, for example, three-phase arrangements in which the electrical conductor tracks are laid parallel to one another. There are different arrangements of the conductor tracks known to each other. For example, they can be arranged in one plane or in a triangle. Since in the individual phases mostly currents of a certain frequency flow with different phase positions, magnetic fields which arise around the conductor tracks of the phases are established. With a synchronous loading of all phases, this can lead, with a suitable arrangement, to complete compensation of an ensuing total magnetic field. Due to the parallel laying of the conductor tracks of multiphase AC voltage systems, disturbances from the radial direction can also affect the magnetic field probes. The interference fields come from the adjacently arranged current-carrying electrical conductor tracks. In order to reduce mutual interference of the measurement points often provided on each of the conductor tracks in the immediate vicinity, shielding with a radial wall is advantageous.
  • the shield surrounds the main axis.
  • a uniform distribution is advantageous.
  • a shield circulating around the main axis can be used. Interference fields are kept outside the measuring field. The magnetic fields emanating from a current flowing along the main axis can furthermore be detected by the magnetic field probes. With a shield surrounding the main axis, shielding can be achieved from magnetic fields acting from different directions.
  • the shield has a portion in the form of a circular ring.
  • Circular rings are easy to produce, for example, from profiled strips or flat material.
  • Such ring structures continue to represent a dielectrically favorable arrangement, so that an increase in the electric field or other disturbances are not to be expected.
  • a first and a second circular ring are arranged in the direction of the main axis on both sides of the magnetic field probes.
  • Annular rings which extend on either side of the magnetic field probes, provide protection against interference fields acting from the axial direction.
  • they are shielded from each other.
  • provided for guiding and steering a magnetic field cores trigger disruptions and act on adjacent magnetic field probes.
  • the shield has a hollow cylindrical section.
  • Hollow-cylindrical sections are very easy to produce from tubes. Hollow-cylindrical sections prevent the action of radial components of interfering magnetic fields.
  • the shield has a spherically curved portion.
  • Spherically curved sections make it possible to design particularly effective shieldings. For example, hood-like or karlottenartig shaped shields or torroidieri example Shieldings are used.
  • spherically curved sections it is easily possible to arrange the magnetic field probes in the shading area of the shield.
  • the magnetic field probes can lie in the shadow of the shield, wherein the interference magnetic fields can act from various directions.
  • An advantageous embodiment may further provide that parallel to the main axis of an electrical conductor for the conduction of an electrical current is arranged between the surface and the shield, an electrical insulation is arranged.
  • the magnetic field probes are arranged between the electrical conductor and the shield. Thus, the magnetic field probes freely detect the magnetic field emitted by the electric current to be measured.
  • a core body for bundling a magnetic field surrounds the main axis.
  • the core body By means of the core body magnetic fields can be bundled. As a result, scattering of field components is reduced, and thus a more accurate mapping of the current flowing in the electrical conductor current can take place.
  • the core body may for example have recesses into which protrude one or more magnetic field probes. Outside the core body can also have a corresponding shielding be arranged to prevent penetration of interference magnetic fields in the core body.
  • a further advantageous embodiment can provide that in a gap of the core body, a further magnetic field probe is arranged and the core body is arranged spaced in the direction of the main axis to the plurality of magnetic field probes.
  • a further measuring location for detecting a current flowing through the electrical conductor can be used.
  • this second measuring location can be provided to verify the data determined at a first measuring location. It can be different types of
  • Magnetic field probes, shielding, nuclear bodies, etc. may be provided at the two measurement locations. However, it can also be provided that both measuring locations have means for detecting an electric current in the same design variants.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention may provide that the shield is arranged such that the arranged in the plane magnetic field probes are shielded from radiatable from the core body magnetic interference fields.
  • interference fields may arise, for example, at a recess into which the further magnetic field probe projects.
  • Such perturbations arise from sharp protrusions and edges which favor leakage of single magnetic field lines, moving on curved paths outside the core body.
  • a further advantageous embodiment can provide that the magnetic field probes arranged in the plane and the further magnetic field probe serve to detect the same electric current and are respectively assigned to different measuring ranges.
  • Field lines which emanate from the current to be measured, to steer in a core body and to lead, as interference is avoided.
  • this is disadvantageous in measuring currents in a larger measuring range.
  • a core body quickly goes into saturation.
  • the core body is only able to carry a "certain amount" of magnetic field lines, and any field lines that occur will be in an undifferentiated manner outside the core, in which case erroneous readings may be expected for large currents
  • saturation may not occur with multiple magnetic field probes detecting a magnetic field within a gas or equivalent suitable insulating material, but such an arrangement has the disadvantage that a relatively large field of measurement error may result from relatively small fields a combination of several measuring locations axially spaced from each other with respect to the main axis, reliable measurements of currents in a wide range can be achieved when using multiple measuring points with different measuring ranges.
  • At least one of the magnetic field probes is a Hall probe.
  • Hall probes have a plate which has a small thickness relative to its length and width. This plate is placed in a magnetic field so that it is permeated by magnetic field lines.
  • the vertical component (normal component) of the field lines causes a deflection of charge carriers, which move due to an electric current through the plate. This deflection is due to a force effect called "Lorentz force.” For example, an electric current gives a linear relationship between the magnetic flux density and the Hall voltage which can be removed from the platelet.
  • a further advantageous embodiment can provide that at least one of the magnetic field probes is a coil.
  • the coil may be in various configurations. However, an advantageous embodiment may also provide for coils which are printed on carrier material or produced using other suitable methods, for example, such flat plates having a multiplicity of conductor turns are also in slot-shaped recesses of a Core body insertable.
  • At least one of the magnetic field probes utilizes an anisotropic magnetoresistive effect.
  • probes which operate on the basis of an anisotropic magnetoresistive effect can be used alternatively or additionally.
  • a change in the electrical conductivity can take place in ferromagnetic materials. It is important that the effect of the change in the electrical conductivity is dependent on the direction of action of the magnetic field. In this case one speaks of an anisotropy of the electrical conductivity.
  • Figure 1 is a side view of a device for detecting an electric current with a plurality of magnetic field probes
  • FIG. 2 shows a section through the device shown in Figure 1, the
  • Figure 3 shows a combination of the device shown in Figures 1 and 2 for detecting an electric current with a core body
  • Figure 4 shows a section through the core body
  • Figure 5 shows a modification of the device shown in Figure 3 and the
  • FIG. 6 a representation of a core body with a basic course of magnetic field lines
  • FIG. 1 shows a side view of a device for detecting an electric current in a section. Along an axis perpendicular to the plane of the main axis 1 runs an electrical conductor 2. The electrical conductor 2 is traversed by a current I. Radial to
  • the electrical conductor 2 is surrounded by a magnetic field due to the current flow.
  • the magnetic field is approximately in concentric circles around the electrical conductor 2 around.
  • a shield 3a is arranged coaxially with the electrical conductor 2.
  • a plurality of magnetic field probes in the form of Hall probes 4a, 4b 4c, 4d are arranged.
  • the probes are positioned in such a way that the probes are each cut perpendicularly from the magnetic field lines running concentrically around the electrical conductor 2.
  • the Hall probes 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d are arranged distributed approximately in a plane radially around the main axis 1.
  • the Hall probes 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d each have the same distance from the main axis 1.
  • the Hall probes 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d are surrounded by the shield 3a.
  • the shield 3a is visible in a further section.
  • the shield 3a has a wall which spans the Hall probes 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d in the radial direction.
  • the shield 3a has walls which cover the Hall probes 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d laterally in the direction of the main axis 1.
  • the shielding 3a completely surrounds the main axis, so that an electromagnetically shielded area is created, which extends in an annular manner around the electrical conductor 2.
  • the shield 3a is designed such that it has a ring-shaped structure which is arranged electrically isolated from the electrical conductor run 2 spaced. The embodiment variant shown in FIGS.
  • a core body which focuses magnetic fields that is, the Hall sensors 4 a, 4 b, 4 c, 4 d directly detect the magnetic field located in the vicinity of the electrical conductor run 2.
  • a core body is used which bundles and guides the magnetic field lines in the contactor of the shadow field of the shield 3a.
  • the shield 3a in cross-section has a U-profile, which extends around the electrical conductor 2 around. It is also possible to provide further profiling of the shield 3a so that, for example, toroidal sections, multiple stepped sections or other spherically curved sections are formed.
  • FIG. 3 shows a development of the known from Figures 1 and 2 embodiment of a device for detecting an electric current.
  • an additional arrangement with further magnetic field probes 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d used.
  • the further magnetic field probes 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d are in turn designed, for example, as Hall probes.
  • the further magnetic field probes 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d are each arranged in a slot of a core body 7.
  • the core body 7 serves to bundle and guide the magnetic field emitted by the current I flowing in the electrical conductor 2.
  • the further magnetic field probes 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d are aligned in such a way that they are perpendicular to the radial axis extending radially about the main axis 1 Field lines are, so that the normal components of these field lines are detected as completely as possible. Due to the bundling effect of the core body 4 has been dispensed with an additional arrangement of a shield. However, a shield can also be provided for this purpose.
  • FIG. 5 shows a further variant of a shield 3b.
  • the shield 3b has a first circular ring 8a and a second circular ring 8b.
  • the circular rings 8a, 8b are arranged coaxially with the main axis 1 and protect the Hall probes 4a, 4c from the penetration of disturbing magnetic fields acting from the axial direction.
  • Such a configuration of a shield is in particular of
  • FIG. 6 shows the development of an interference field emanating from the core body 7.
  • Figure 6 was on a shield of the outside of
  • a Hall sensor 6 c is disposed in a slot of the core body 7.
  • the core body 7 concentrates the magnetic field lines and guides them in parallel in its interior.
  • the magnetic field lines are passed through the air gap in parallel.
  • the edge region there is a bulging of the magnetic field lines and an influence on the Hall sensor 4c.
  • This noise component leads to a faulty measurement on the Hall sensor 4c located outside the core body 7.
  • a group of magnetic field probes 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d which is equipped with a core body 7 for guiding a magnetic field, is less sensitive to external interference fields.
  • Such an arrangement has the disadvantage that the core body 7 can "saturate.” With a large electric current, saturation can occur so that an erroneous measurement takes place, in contrast to an arrangement with a plurality of magnetic field probes 4a, 4b , 4c, 4d, which detects magnetic field lines running in an insulating medium, has no saturation phenomena, and therefore such arrangements can also be used for measuring very large currents, so that, in combination with two different measuring arrangements, low currents are possible high accuracy (arrangement with core body) and currents with large amounts (arrangement without core body) measurable.
  • a device for detecting a current with a wide measuring range can thus be created. This may, for example, also lead to an arrangement with core body being used for measuring operating currents or for calculating electrical energy, and the other arrangement for detecting short-circuit currents or overcurrents being used.
  • the use of electrical coils and / or probes based on the anisotropic magnetoresistive effect can also be provided.
  • various design variants of a shield can be used, which is designed, for example, only in sections and partially shields magnetic field probes.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif pour détecter un courant électrique, présentant plusieurs sondes à champ magnétique (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) disposées sensiblement dans un plan et réparties de façon radiale autour d'un axe principal (1). Les sondes à champ magnétique (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) sont équipées d'un blindage (3a, 3b) qui protège de l'effet des champs magnétiques parasites. Le blindage (3a, 3b) peut présenter une paroi qui s'étend dans la direction de l'axe principal (1) à côté des sondes à champ magnétique (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) et/ou s'étend en direction radiale.
PCT/EP2006/062753 2005-06-08 2006-05-31 Dispositif pour detecter un courant electrique WO2006131468A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06763397A EP1889077A1 (fr) 2005-06-08 2006-05-31 Dispositif pour detecter un courant electrique

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200510027270 DE102005027270A1 (de) 2005-06-08 2005-06-08 Einrichtung zur Erfassung eines elektrischen Stromes
DE102005027270.3 2005-06-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006131468A1 true WO2006131468A1 (fr) 2006-12-14

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ID=36940748

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2006/062753 WO2006131468A1 (fr) 2005-06-08 2006-05-31 Dispositif pour detecter un courant electrique

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1889077A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102005027270A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006131468A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1965217A1 (fr) * 2007-03-02 2008-09-03 Liaisons Electroniques-Mecaniques Lem S.A. Capteur de courant à boucle ouverte à grande largeur de bande
CN104871018A (zh) * 2012-11-29 2015-08-26 株式会社Sirc 电能测量装置
WO2017148823A1 (fr) * 2016-02-29 2017-09-08 Wöhner GmbH & Co. KG Elektrotechnische Systeme Dispositif de mesure de courant sans contact
CN107430156A (zh) * 2015-03-18 2017-12-01 丰田自动车株式会社 电流传感器

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011008451A1 (de) * 2011-01-10 2012-07-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Isolatoranordnung

Citations (6)

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US4700131A (en) 1986-04-07 1987-10-13 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Mutual inductor current sensor
US4709205A (en) 1985-06-28 1987-11-24 La Telemecanique Electrique Inductive sensor for current measurement
DE3929452A1 (de) 1989-09-05 1991-03-07 Asea Brown Boveri Strom-messeinrichtung
EP1113277A1 (fr) 1999-12-29 2001-07-04 ABB T&D Technologies Ltd. Elément de traversée pour applications de tension moyenne et haute
US6366076B1 (en) 1997-04-21 2002-04-02 Liaisons Electroniques-Mecaniques Lem Sa Device with wide passband for measuring electric current intensity in a conductor
DE10307704A1 (de) 2002-03-07 2003-10-02 Visteon Global Tech Inc Durch den Anschluss-Stecker programmierbarer Strom-Sensor

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4709205A (en) 1985-06-28 1987-11-24 La Telemecanique Electrique Inductive sensor for current measurement
US4700131A (en) 1986-04-07 1987-10-13 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Mutual inductor current sensor
DE3929452A1 (de) 1989-09-05 1991-03-07 Asea Brown Boveri Strom-messeinrichtung
US6366076B1 (en) 1997-04-21 2002-04-02 Liaisons Electroniques-Mecaniques Lem Sa Device with wide passband for measuring electric current intensity in a conductor
EP1113277A1 (fr) 1999-12-29 2001-07-04 ABB T&D Technologies Ltd. Elément de traversée pour applications de tension moyenne et haute
DE10307704A1 (de) 2002-03-07 2003-10-02 Visteon Global Tech Inc Durch den Anschluss-Stecker programmierbarer Strom-Sensor

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1965217A1 (fr) * 2007-03-02 2008-09-03 Liaisons Electroniques-Mecaniques Lem S.A. Capteur de courant à boucle ouverte à grande largeur de bande
WO2008107773A1 (fr) * 2007-03-02 2008-09-12 Liaisons Electroniques-Mecaniques Lem S.A. Capteur de courant à boucle ouverte de bande passante élevée
US7977934B2 (en) 2007-03-02 2011-07-12 Liaisons Electroniques-Mechaniques Lem S.A. High bandwidth open-loop current sensor
CN101627311B (zh) * 2007-03-02 2012-06-27 机电联合股份有限公司 高带宽开环电流传感器
CN104871018A (zh) * 2012-11-29 2015-08-26 株式会社Sirc 电能测量装置
EP2927701A4 (fr) * 2012-11-29 2016-08-17 Sirc Co Ltd Dispositif de mesure de puissance électrique
US10048298B2 (en) 2012-11-29 2018-08-14 Sirc Co., Ltd Thin-film sensor type electrical power measurement device
CN107430156A (zh) * 2015-03-18 2017-12-01 丰田自动车株式会社 电流传感器
WO2017148823A1 (fr) * 2016-02-29 2017-09-08 Wöhner GmbH & Co. KG Elektrotechnische Systeme Dispositif de mesure de courant sans contact

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1889077A1 (fr) 2008-02-20
DE102005027270A1 (de) 2007-01-04

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