WO2006130120A1 - Unite d'entrainement et de commande d'une fendeuse de bois a bruler et procede de commande de ladite machine - Google Patents

Unite d'entrainement et de commande d'une fendeuse de bois a bruler et procede de commande de ladite machine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006130120A1
WO2006130120A1 PCT/SI2006/000015 SI2006000015W WO2006130120A1 WO 2006130120 A1 WO2006130120 A1 WO 2006130120A1 SI 2006000015 W SI2006000015 W SI 2006000015W WO 2006130120 A1 WO2006130120 A1 WO 2006130120A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rod
cylinder
hydraulic
pressure
valve
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SI2006/000015
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Iztok Span
Original Assignee
Tajfun Planina Proizvodnja Strojev, D.O.O.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tajfun Planina Proizvodnja Strojev, D.O.O. filed Critical Tajfun Planina Proizvodnja Strojev, D.O.O.
Priority to DE602006004207T priority Critical patent/DE602006004207D1/de
Priority to EP06733572A priority patent/EP1886027B1/fr
Priority to DK06733572T priority patent/DK1886027T3/da
Publication of WO2006130120A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006130120A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
    • F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
    • F15B15/1466—Hollow piston sliding over a stationary rod inside the cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
    • F15B11/02—Systems essentially incorporating special features for controlling the speed or actuating force of an output member
    • F15B11/028—Systems essentially incorporating special features for controlling the speed or actuating force of an output member for controlling the actuating force
    • F15B11/032—Systems essentially incorporating special features for controlling the speed or actuating force of an output member for controlling the actuating force by means of fluid-pressure converters
    • F15B11/0325—Systems essentially incorporating special features for controlling the speed or actuating force of an output member for controlling the actuating force by means of fluid-pressure converters the fluid-pressure converter increasing the working force after an approach stroke
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/205—Systems with pumps
    • F15B2211/2053—Type of pump
    • F15B2211/20538—Type of pump constant capacity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/30—Directional control
    • F15B2211/305—Directional control characterised by the type of valves
    • F15B2211/30525—Directional control valves, e.g. 4/3-directional control valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/30—Directional control
    • F15B2211/31—Directional control characterised by the positions of the valve element
    • F15B2211/3138—Directional control characterised by the positions of the valve element the positions being discrete
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/30—Directional control
    • F15B2211/315—Directional control characterised by the connections of the valve or valves in the circuit
    • F15B2211/3157—Directional control characterised by the connections of the valve or valves in the circuit being connected to a pressure source, an output member and a return line
    • F15B2211/31576—Directional control characterised by the connections of the valve or valves in the circuit being connected to a pressure source, an output member and a return line having a single pressure source and a single output member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/30—Directional control
    • F15B2211/32—Directional control characterised by the type of actuation
    • F15B2211/321—Directional control characterised by the type of actuation mechanically
    • F15B2211/324—Directional control characterised by the type of actuation mechanically manually, e.g. by using a lever or pedal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/40—Flow control
    • F15B2211/405—Flow control characterised by the type of flow control means or valve
    • F15B2211/40507—Flow control characterised by the type of flow control means or valve with constant throttles or orifices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/40—Flow control
    • F15B2211/415—Flow control characterised by the connections of the flow control means in the circuit
    • F15B2211/41554—Flow control characterised by the connections of the flow control means in the circuit being connected to a return line and a directional control valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/50—Pressure control
    • F15B2211/505—Pressure control characterised by the type of pressure control means
    • F15B2211/50509—Pressure control characterised by the type of pressure control means the pressure control means controlling a pressure upstream of the pressure control means
    • F15B2211/50536—Pressure control characterised by the type of pressure control means the pressure control means controlling a pressure upstream of the pressure control means using unloading valves controlling the supply pressure by diverting fluid to the return line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/50—Pressure control
    • F15B2211/505—Pressure control characterised by the type of pressure control means
    • F15B2211/50563—Pressure control characterised by the type of pressure control means the pressure control means controlling a differential pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/50—Pressure control
    • F15B2211/515—Pressure control characterised by the connections of the pressure control means in the circuit
    • F15B2211/5151—Pressure control characterised by the connections of the pressure control means in the circuit being connected to a pressure source and a directional control valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/50—Pressure control
    • F15B2211/515—Pressure control characterised by the connections of the pressure control means in the circuit
    • F15B2211/5153—Pressure control characterised by the connections of the pressure control means in the circuit being connected to an output member and a directional control valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/50—Pressure control
    • F15B2211/52—Pressure control characterised by the type of actuation
    • F15B2211/528—Pressure control characterised by the type of actuation actuated by fluid pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/50—Pressure control
    • F15B2211/55—Pressure control for limiting a pressure up to a maximum pressure, e.g. by using a pressure relief valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/70—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
    • F15B2211/705—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor characterised by the type of output members or actuators
    • F15B2211/7051—Linear output members
    • F15B2211/7053—Double-acting output members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/70—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
    • F15B2211/705—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor characterised by the type of output members or actuators
    • F15B2211/7051—Linear output members
    • F15B2211/7055—Linear output members having more than two chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/70—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
    • F15B2211/775—Combined control, e.g. control of speed and force for providing a high speed approach stroke with low force followed by a low speed working stroke with high force, e.g. for a hydraulic press

Definitions

  • the invention In the field of forestry the invention relates to splitting machines, which are intended for longitudinally splitting of logs, which are prior to that cut into appropriate length sections. At the same time the invention concerns machinery, especially hydraulics, and in particular hydraulic appliances, by which the velocity is controlled during operation.
  • the purpose of the invention is to create an exclusively by means of hydraulic components end especially without any electric and/or electronic components operating driving and controlling unit of a firewoof splitting machines, in which a splitting or pushing tool is attached to the rod of a cylinder, which is then brought in abutment to each log when said rod is longitudinally moved towards said log, and wherein through a further movement of said rod in the same direction said log is then split, by which such unit would have to be controlled in such a manner, that driving and controlling would be adapted to varying of loading conditions during said splitting, which result from varying of toughness and splitting resistance of the firewod during said splitting, so that the splitting speed should be as hign as possible when the resistance is low, while by increasing of resistance the velocity of the rod would have to be reduced and simultaneously the pushing force would also have to be increased as much as possible.
  • splitting machines are known in the patent literature, where several of them which are quite mechanically operated, while the other ones are hydraulic or also combined and during the last time even electronically controlled.
  • the invention is concentrated exclusively to hydraulic machines, which may be together with corresponding forestry machine or tractor used anywhere, in any desierd location i.e. either in the forest or in the field or also in the downtown.
  • CH 605 068 which comprises a plate and a wedge, which may both be attached to a classic three-point hydraulic mechanismus on the tractor in order to produce a sufficient force, which is required by splitting of logs.
  • Such apparatus is operating every slowly, and also adequate positioning of logs inteneded to be split is also very time-consuming.
  • CA 1,084,814 describes a hydraulic splitting machine, a kind of guillotine, which is arranged on appropriate chassis.
  • the cutting blade is available on a horizontal transversal beam, which is then along adequate guides movable in the vertical direction within a frame, in the adjacency of which a hydraulic cylinder is available, so that said transversal blade is moved together with said cutting blade in the vertical direction by memeans of said rod of the cylinder as well as appropriate lever arrenged therebetween.
  • said document is silent with respect to controlling of such machine, such solution is very old and very simple, where e.g. also the logs need to be manually positioned prior to splitting and removed after being split, and wherein also the operating mode as such and economical aspects of cutting are not taken into account at all.
  • DE 195 07 187 Al presents an attempt toowards to avoiding of manually positioning of logs.
  • a device has been proposed, which includes a clamping unit, which is adepted to be attached to an existing hydraulic mechanismus of an excavating machine, so than manually forwarding of logs may be avoided, and in addition to that the excavator manupullating person is protected agaist denger. Also in this case operation of said device is extremely slow and inefficient from the economic point of view, where the jufgement is made, that the device is old-fashion despite to its reliable operation.
  • a splitting machine which comprise a horizontal chute, into which the log is inserted, where in the one end of said chute an axially directed single or miltiple cutting blade is available, while in the opposite end portion a pushing means is foreseen, which is driven by means of the rod of a hydraulic cylinder, by which the log towards is then pressed towards said cutting blade.
  • a pushing means is foreseen, which is driven by means of the rod of a hydraulic cylinder, by which the log towards is then pressed towards said cutting blade.
  • An alternative approach is also possible, where the cutting blade is attached on the rod and is then pushed towards the log, which is supported in the longitudinal direction by appropriate resting wall arranged in the opposite end portion of the chute.
  • Such devices regulary operate by performing a cyclic oscilatory movement to and fro and are pretty unefficient when berating in mind the presence of both active and reverse strokes, which are successiveively performed and where each stroke includes a certain time period, which is required for placing the log into said chute, a time period of moving the pushing means towards the log, then a time period of effective splitting, and upon that also a prettx long time period, in which the reverse stroke of the pushing means into its etti position takes place.
  • Certain but actually not essential improvement of the efficiency may be achieved e.g. in such a manner, that the speed of the rod in during the reverse stroke is greater than the speed during the active opertating stroke.
  • FI 2097 Ul proposes a machine, where a tandem of two cylinders is used, where appropriate rods are mutually interconnected via appropriate pivoting rod, and are then alternatively and oscilatory moved to and fro in opposite directions. Accordingly, a tandem of two alternatively operating pushing means is used, where prior to starting a stroke of each cylinder one of both chuts is ready for receipt of a log intended for splitting. Consequently, at least two hydraulic cylinders must be present in such device, which requires essentially more complex hydraulic system and also correspondingly larger dimensions of mechanic construction as such. This means, that such machines are then pretty bulky, essentially more expensive and less flexible in respect of transporting from one to another working place.
  • the splitting machine according to EP 1 213 486 A2 still includes a single hydraulic cylinder, where the desired efficiency should be achieved by means of changong the operation mode like speed of the rod, when possible.
  • Said rod is namely moved due to supplying the hydraulic media into said cylinder either in the side of the piston, where said rod and a spring are available, or alternatively in the opposite side of the piston.
  • the rod may be moved in its opposite directions with two different speed values, where the speed during the active oparaton stroke is pretty low, while the speed during its reverse stroke is essentially increased.
  • the present invention refers to a driving and forwarding unit of a firewood splitting machine, which comprises a hydraulic cylinder and a rod, which is connected with the pushing means or appropriate blade, which is then by means of said rod pushed towards the log, which is to be splitted.
  • Said cylinder is by means of appropriate hydraulic connections integrated into a corresponding hydraulic circuit, which contains a hydraulic media under a desired pressure, which is supplied from a reservoir by means of a pump.
  • said unit comprises a hydraulic cylinder, which consists of an external tube having a larger diameter and an internal tube having a smaller diameter and moreover of a head, which forms a supplemental chamber in the axial direction of the cylinder on the side of the active stroke of the rod.
  • said cylinder is equipped with three hydraulic connections, while said internal tube is equipped with a nonreturn valve, which allows the hydraulic media to flow into the tube and not outwards from it into the intermediate space between the tubes of the cylinder and the hollow rod, which is arranged within said intermediate space between said tubes surrounding thereby the internal tube and is oscillatory moved to and fro along said internal tube of the cylinder and also throughout the head of the cylinder.
  • Said rod comprises an outlet, which in the original position of the rod coincides with the nonreturn valve on the internal wall, and further comprises a sealing portion, which has a larger diameter and is arranged between the external tube and the internal tube of the cylinder, as well as a guiding portion of a smaller diameter, which surrounds at a desired distance said internal tube of the cylinder and is moved throughout said head of the cylinder, and also a front portion, which protrudes outside of the cylinder in the direction of the active stroke of the rod.
  • Said hydraulic connections of the cylinder are arranged in such a manner, that the first connection is available on the external tube on the end portion of the cylinder in the direction of the reverse stroke of the rod and at appropriate distance apart from the sealing portion of the rod, while the second connection is placed on the external tube on the opposite end portion of the cylinder and apart from the head, and the third connection is available in the area of said head adjacent to said second connection.
  • Said cylinder is connected by means of these connections together with the rod into appropriate hydraulic circuit, which moreover includes a reservoir, which is intended for storing of the hydraulic media, a pump, which is intended for establishing of a desired pressure, and moreover also a differential valve, which is hydraulically connected with the first connection and the reservoir and is shifted from one to another position when a pre-defined value of the pressure is achieved, said circuit further comprising a control valve, which is shifted either by means of a lever or a similar manually controlled mechanical means or also by means of the pressure of the hydraulic media in the area of the third connection and is thereby hydraulically interconnected with the interior of the internal tube of the cylinder and/or with the pump and either directly via said pump and also with the reservoir and/or indirectly via the security valve and the pressure- regulating valve with the reservoir and/or with reservoir and the second hydraulic connection.
  • Said hydraulic circuit also includes a security valve, which is connected parallel between the hydraulic conduit, by which the control valve is connected via the pump with the reservoir, and the hydraulic circuit, in which the
  • the unit according to the invention in characterized in that the cylinder with the belonging rod is included within a hydraulic circuit, which is concieved in such a manner, that by unloaded cylinder prior to starting of the active stroke of the rod in the origin position thereof, the hydraulic media is enabled to flow from the pump throughout the control valve into said cylinder and along the interior of the internal tube towards the second connection and outwards through the control valve back to the reservoir, and that the pressure within said internal tube, within the hollow rod and also within the intermediate space between the rod and the external tube corresponds to the minimum pressure.
  • the unit according to the invention in characterized in that the cylinder with the belonging rod is included within a hydraulic circuit, which is concieved in such a manner, that the control valve is shifted in its alternative position by means of displacement of the belonging lever, upon which the hydraulic media is enabled to enter the interior of the internal tube of the cylinder, by which the rod is enabled to perform a high-speed active stroke, while the pressure equilibration in the area behind said rod is enabled through the differential valve and the reservoir, while the security valve is inactive and the pump may operate under the working pressure, which occurs within the interior of the internal tube of the rod, while the pressure in other sections still corresponds to the minimum pressure.
  • the unit according to the invention in characterized in that the cylinder with the belonging rod is included within a hydraulic circuit, which is concieved in such a manner, that by operation under a regular splitting resistance and regular working pressure below the pre-set value, the rod is enabled to move with unchanged speed and to reach the end position of the active stroke, where the hydraulic media is allowed to enter into the interior of the head and then throughout the third connection to appropriate hydraulic conduit, in which the pressure-regulating valve is available in order to redirect the flow towards the control valve, which is then shifted in order to enable the hydraulic media to enter into the intermediate space between the rod on the side of the active stroke thereof and the internal tube and the external tube of the cylinder, where the speed of the rod is relatively high thanks to relatively small surface thereof.
  • the unit according to the invention in characterized in that the cylinder with the belonging rod is included within a hydraulic circuit, which is concieved in such a manner, that by essentially increasing of the splitting resistance the working pressure of the hydraulic media within the interior of the internal tube and the rod is essentially increased, which leads to essentially descreasing of the speed of the rod and increasing of the pressure above the pre-set value thereof, upon which the differential valve is switched to its alternative position, which enables the hydraulic media to flow into the cylinder via the pump and the first connection, where the complete rear surface of the rod, which is faced in a direction of its reverse stroke, is exposed to the working pressure, by which the pushing force in the rod is then essentially increased.
  • the unit according to the invention in characterized in that the cylinder with the belonging rod is included within a hydraulic circuit, which is concieved in such a manner, that by increasing of the splitting resistance the working pressure of the hydraulic media behind the rod and within the interior of the internal tube and the rod is increased above the pre-set value thereof, where the hydraulic media under said pressure is allowed to flow into the cylinder via the pump and the differential valve and the first hydraulic connection, by which the security valve is activated, while flowing of the hydraulic media throughout said security valve results in shifting of the control valve in its alternative position, while the position of the differential valve remains unchanged.
  • the unit according to the invention in characterized in that the cylinder with the belonging rod is included within a hydraulic circuit, which is concieved in such a manner, that by shifting of the control valve upon achieving of critical pressure the hydraulic media is redirected from the pump towards the second hydraulic connection of the cylinder, upon which the hydraulic media is enabled to enter into the space among the side of the rod, which is faced in a derection of the operation stroke, and both tubes of the cylinder, which is followed by returning of the differential valve in its origin position and movement of the rod in the direction of the reverse stroke, while the pressure equilibration in the cylinder on the side of the reverse stroke of the rod is achieved via the control valve and the reservoir.
  • the invention is also characterized by method of controlling of a firewood splitting machine by means of hydraulic components, wherein by regular splitting resistance i.e by regular pressure of the hydraulic media below the pre-set value the active operation stroke of the rod is performed by normally high velocity, upon which the reverse stroke of the rod is performed with still higher velocity, while by increasing of the splitting resistance and consequently also of the pressure of the hydraulic media above the pre-set value the velocity of the rod is then immediately essentially reduced and at the same time the pushing force in the rod is essentially incresed, and wherein just before further increasing of the pressure above the critical value the pressure within the hydraulic circuit is released by switching of appropriate hydraulic components, which is then followed by performing of the reverse stroke of the rod.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic presentation of an unloaded machine in its original state
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic presentation of said machine in the early stage of high-speed splitting
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic presentation of said machine in the final stage of high-speed splitting with
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic presentation of said machine during performing a reverse stroke upon conclusion of steps according to Figs. 1 to 3
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic presentation of said machine in the early stage of high-speed splitting, when the cutting edge abuts a log and the splitting resistance is essentially increased
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic presentation of said machine in the stage of essentially increasing of splitting resistance, upon which splitting is continued with decreased velocity, while the force in the rod is essentially increased
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic presentation of said machine in the stage immediately prior to overloading i.e. just below the top limit of the regular operation
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic presentation of said machine in the stage of overloading
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic presentation of said machine upon performing steps according to Figs. 5 to 8 and in the stage of returning into the original state thereof.
  • Appliance according to the invention consists of a hydraulic cylinder 1 with incorporated rod 2, which is in accordance with Fig. 1 during the active stroke moved toward s the right and during the reverse stroke towards the left.
  • Said cylinder 1 consist of an external tube 15 as well as of internal tube 16, which extends co-axially therewith, and moreover also of a hollow cup i.e. a head 14, which actually presents a hollow extension of the active working volume of the cylinder 1 in the longitudinal direction thereof, more precisely in the direction of the active stroke of the rod 2.
  • a single-way nonreturn valve 6 is mounted within the internal tube 16 of the cylinder 1, which enables hydraulic media to flow from the exterior towards the interior and not also from the interior of the tube 16 towards the exterior thereof into the intermediate space between the tubes 15, 16 of the cylinder 1.
  • a rod 2 is available within said intermediate space between said tubes 15, 16, which can be moved to and fro along said cylinder 1; said rod2 is hollow and is movable throughout said hollow head 14 of the cylinder 1 and at the same time along the internal tube 16, which is actually surrounded by said rod 2.
  • the rod 2 comprises an outlet 21, which in the original state of the rod 2 coincides with the nonreturn valve 6 within the internal tube 16 of the cylinder 1.
  • Said rod 2 is furthermore equipped with a sealing portion 23, which is characterized by greater diameter and is available between the external tube 15 and the internal tube 16 of the cylinder 1 on the side i.e. in the direction of the reverse stroke thereof, as well as with a guiding portion 22, which surrounds the internal tube 16 of the cylinder 1 at appropriate distance and may be moved throughout said head 14 of the cylinder 1, and moreover also with a front portion 24, which protrudes outwards from the cylinder 1 in a direction of the active stroke of the rod 2.
  • Said cylinder 1 comprises three hydraulic connections 11, 12, 13, which are intended for connection of the cylinder 1 into appropriate hydraulic circuits.
  • the first connection 11 is available on the external tube 15 of the end portion of the cylinder 1 in the area of reverse stroke of the rod 2, namely at a certain distance apart from the sealing portion 23 of the rod 2.
  • the second connection 12 is also available on the external tube 15, however on the opposite end portion of the cylinder 1, while the third connection 13 is available in the area of the head 14 adjacent to said second connection 12.
  • the interior of the internal tube 16 may also be included into appropriate hydraulic circuit.
  • said appliance also includes a reservoir 8 for storage of each desired hydraulic media, a pump 7 for establishing a required pressure of said hydraulic media, and moreover also
  • a two-way differential valve 5 which is hydraulically interconnected with the first connection 11 and the reservoir 8 and is shifted from one position into another on the basis of achieving of a pre-set value of the pressure
  • control valve 3 which is in this shown embodiment equipped and switched either by appropriate lever 31 or also by means of the pressure in the third hydraulic connection 13, and is hydraulically interconnected either with the interior of the internal tube 16 of the cylinder 1 and/or with the pump 7 and via said pump
  • Fig. 1 the rod 2 is shown in its original position prior to splitting.
  • the cylinder 1 is unloaded, and the hydraulic media is fed throughout the control valve 3 into the cylinder 1 and further towards the interior of the internal tube 16 and towards the second hydraulic connection 12, through which said media is then returned back to the reservoir 8.
  • the minimum pressure p 0 is present in the complete system i.e. inside of the internal tube 16, in the hollow area of the rod 2 and within the intermediate space between the rod 2 and the external tube 15 of the cylinder.
  • the rod 2 may continue its movement with unchanged velocity towards the end position of the operating stroke (Fig. 3), whenever said resistance and consequently also adequate increasing of pressure is not very high.
  • hydraulic media then enters into the interior of the cup 14 and flows throughout the third connection 13 into appropriate hydraulic conduit, whereupon it is directed towards the control valve 3, which may be shifted i.e. switched, when appropriate.
  • the hydraulic media under the working pressure pj starts wlowing throughout the second connection 12 into the intermediate space, which is limited by the rod 2, namely its portion on the side of the active stroke, as well as the internal tube 16 and the external tube 15 of the cylinder, in which due to reduced active surface area the velocity of the rod 2 may be essentially higher.
  • the pressure equilibration in the front of the rod 2 is performed via the differential valve 3 into the reservoir 8.
  • the differential valve 5 is shifted to alternative position, which enables hydraulic media to flow from the pump 7 throughout the first connection 11 into the cylinder 1, whereupon the complete rear surface of the rod 2, which is faced towards the reverse stroke, is exposed to the working pressure pi, through which consequently the pushing force on the rod 2 is then essentially increased.
  • the security valve 4 is activated (Fig. 8), upon which then the branch of the hydraulic circuit via the security valve 4 is redirected by switching the control valve 3, while the differential valve 5 is retained in its current position.
  • the hydraulic media from the pump 7 is redirected towards the second connection 12 of the cylinder, upon which the hydraulic media is fed into the space among the rod 2, namely the side of the active stroke thereof, and both tubes 15, 16 of the cylinder 1.
  • the differential valve 5 is returned into its origin position and the reverse stroke of the rod 2 is performed, where the pressure equilibration of the cylinder 1 on the side of the reverse stroke is established via the control valve 3 and the reservoir 8.
  • Said steps also clearly define a method of controlling of a firewood splitting machine, which is performed by means of said unit according to the invention, wherein the active stroke of the rod 2 is performed with realtively high velocity, if the splitting resistance does not result in increasing of the pressure within the hydraulic circuit above a predetermined value, and wherein the reverse stroke of the rod 2 is performed, during which the velocity of the rod is higher than the previously mentioned velocity during athe normal active stroke; and wherein any occurance of an extreme splitting resistance results in increasing of the pressure of the hydraulic media above the predetermined value, upon which due to activation of the differential valve 5 velocity of the rod 2 is promptly decreased, where simultaneously the pushing force in the rod 2 is promptly increased.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
  • Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une unité d'entraînement et de commande d'une fendeuse de bois à brûler conçue pour fonctionner exclusivement au moyen d'éléments hydrauliques et notamment sans utilisation d'aucun élément électrique ou électronique. Un outil à fendre approprié est fixé à une tige (2) d'un cylindre (1), et lorsque ladite tige (2) est déplacée longitudinalement, l'outil entre dans le bois à brûler, qui est alors fendu, si ledit mouvement est poursuivi dans la même direction. L'entraînement et la commande de ladite machine doivent être adaptés aux charges variables, qui résultent d'une ténacité et d'une résistance au fendage variables, de sorte que lors d'une faible résistance au fendage, la vitesse de la tige (2) doit être aussi élevé possible, alors que lors de l'augmentation de ladite résistance, la force de poussée sur la tige (2) doit également être augmentée, alors que la vitesse de celle-ci doit simultanément être diminuée.
PCT/SI2006/000015 2005-06-01 2006-04-18 Unite d'entrainement et de commande d'une fendeuse de bois a bruler et procede de commande de ladite machine WO2006130120A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE602006004207T DE602006004207D1 (de) 2005-06-01 2006-04-18 Ansteuerung und steuereinheit einer brennholzspaltmaschine und verfahren zur steuerung einer derartigen maschine
EP06733572A EP1886027B1 (fr) 2005-06-01 2006-04-18 Unite d'entrainement et de commande d'une fendeuse de bois a bruler et procede de commande de ladite machine
DK06733572T DK1886027T3 (da) 2005-06-01 2006-04-18 Driv- og styreenhed til en brændeklövningsmaskine og fremgangsmåde til at styre en sådan maskine

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SIP-200500164 2005-06-01
SI200500164A SI22050B (sl) 2005-06-01 2005-06-01 Pogonska in upravljalna enota naprave za cepljenje drv ter postopek krmiljenja tovrstne naprave

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006130120A1 true WO2006130120A1 (fr) 2006-12-07

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SI2006/000015 WO2006130120A1 (fr) 2005-06-01 2006-04-18 Unite d'entrainement et de commande d'une fendeuse de bois a bruler et procede de commande de ladite machine

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1886027B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE417206T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE602006004207D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK1886027T3 (fr)
SI (1) SI22050B (fr)
WO (1) WO2006130120A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102678654A (zh) * 2012-06-02 2012-09-19 山西高行液压股份有限公司 变速油缸系统

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SI25411B (sl) 2017-04-18 2020-11-30 Tajfun Planina Proizvodnja Strojev, D.O.O. Platforma za pritrditev avtonomnega pogonskega motorja na napravo za cepljenje drv in naprava za cepljenje drv, opremljena s tovrstno platformo

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1439211A (fr) * 1965-04-08 1966-05-20 Nouveau vérin hydraulique pour mécanisme de fermeture des presses à injecter les matières plastiques et similaires
FR2739149A1 (fr) * 1995-09-25 1997-03-28 Dk Le Guen Et Hemidy Verin hydraulique a quadruple effet
EP0914896A2 (fr) * 1997-10-25 1999-05-12 NIMAK Automatisierte Schweisstechnik GmbH Piston-cylindre pour pince de soudage
EP1213486A2 (fr) * 2000-12-05 2002-06-12 Bell S.R.L. Unité hydraulique avec circuit différentiel, typiquement pour une machine de fendage de bois actionée par un vérin à simple effet

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1439211A (fr) * 1965-04-08 1966-05-20 Nouveau vérin hydraulique pour mécanisme de fermeture des presses à injecter les matières plastiques et similaires
FR2739149A1 (fr) * 1995-09-25 1997-03-28 Dk Le Guen Et Hemidy Verin hydraulique a quadruple effet
EP0914896A2 (fr) * 1997-10-25 1999-05-12 NIMAK Automatisierte Schweisstechnik GmbH Piston-cylindre pour pince de soudage
EP1213486A2 (fr) * 2000-12-05 2002-06-12 Bell S.R.L. Unité hydraulique avec circuit différentiel, typiquement pour une machine de fendage de bois actionée par un vérin à simple effet

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102678654A (zh) * 2012-06-02 2012-09-19 山西高行液压股份有限公司 变速油缸系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE417206T1 (de) 2008-12-15
EP1886027A1 (fr) 2008-02-13
EP1886027B1 (fr) 2008-12-10
DE602006004207D1 (de) 2009-01-22
DK1886027T3 (da) 2009-04-06
SI22050A (sl) 2006-12-31
SI22050B (sl) 2009-04-30

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