WO2006128961A1 - A method and an arrangement in connection with a turbocharged piston engine - Google Patents
A method and an arrangement in connection with a turbocharged piston engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006128961A1 WO2006128961A1 PCT/FI2006/050188 FI2006050188W WO2006128961A1 WO 2006128961 A1 WO2006128961 A1 WO 2006128961A1 FI 2006050188 W FI2006050188 W FI 2006050188W WO 2006128961 A1 WO2006128961 A1 WO 2006128961A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- combustion air
- engine
- flow
- compressor
- turbine
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B33/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging
- F02B33/44—Passages conducting the charge from the pump to the engine inlet, e.g. reservoirs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/022—Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
- F02M25/025—Adding water
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/05—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of air, e.g. by mixing exhaust with air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B47/00—Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines
- F02B47/02—Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines the substances being water or steam
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/022—Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
- F02M25/025—Adding water
- F02M25/028—Adding water into the charge intakes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
- F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
- F02M31/04—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating combustion-air or fuel-air mixture
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method in connection with a piston engine provided with a turbocom pressor.
- the invention also relates to an arrangement in connection with a piston engine provided with a turbocompressor.
- nitrogen oxides are generated in the cylinder of a piston engine and entrained by exhaust gases to the air. Due to the detrimental environmental impacts of nitrogen oxide emissions, efforts are undertaken to prevent the generation of nitrogen oxides (primary methods), or produced nitrogen oxides are removed from the exhaust gases (secondary methods).
- Water can be supplied either directly to the combustion chamber of the cylinder of the engine or mixed with the combustion air before it enters the cylinder.
- turbocompressor comprising a compressor, by which pressurised combustion air is supplied to the engine.
- the turbocompressor comprises a turbine, which drives the compressor.
- the exhaust gases from the engine are led to the turbine, which converts the energy in the exhaust gases into driving power of the compressor.
- the operation of the compressor part of the turbocompressor is restricted on one hand by the limit that corresponds to maximum capacity of the compressor and on the other hand by the so-called surge limit. Surging of the compressor is detrimental to the operation of the engine, since the pressure and flow of the combustion air supplied to the engine will decrease as soon as the compressor surges.
- the compressor for each specific application is selected so as to operate at a required distance from the surge limit in normal operating conditions.
- a turbocharged piston engine is provided with such a system for the reduction of nitrogen oxides that water is mixed with combustion air at a point after the compressor, the water supply increases the mass flow rate of the exhaust gas passing through the turbine. Consequently, the rotational speed of the turbine is also increased, whereby the pressure of the suction air will rise after the compressor, if the engine operates at constant load. The flow of the combustion air passing through the compressor will, however, remain constant, whereby the safety margin between the operating point of the compressor and the surge limit will diminish or disappear.
- It is an object of the present invention is to provide a technical solution, by which the operation of the turbocompressor of a piston engine provided with humidification of combustion air can be optimised.
- the method according to the invention is based on the idea that a partial flow is separated from the combustion air flow from the compressor to the engine, conveyed past the engine and combined with the exhaust gas flow going to the turbine.
- the arrangement according to the invention comprises a by-pass channel, through which a part of the combustion air flow to be conveyed to the engine can be diverted past the engine and combined with the exhaust gas flow going to the turbine.
- the method according to the invention is characterised by what is stated in the characterising part of claim 1.
- the arrangement according to the invention it is characterised by what is stated in the characterising part of claim 6.
- the invention offers significant benefits.
- the energy losses caused by the invention are minor. According to performed tests, the fuel consumption of a turbocharged piston engine, which was provided with humidification of combustion air, increased by about 0.3 % at the engine load level of 85 %, when the arrangement according to the invention was in use.
- a partial flow is separated from the combustion air flow, conveyed past the engine and combined with the exhaust gas flow only in situations, in which the characteristic curve of the compressor is close to the surge limit, i.e. typically when the engine load is 50 - 85 %.
- the by-pass system is out of use, whereby all combustion air is led from the compressor to the engine. Then, the rotational speed of the turbocompressor may be maintained at optimum level in view of operating efficiency, and excess increase of the rotational speed at high loads is avoided.
- the arrangement according to the drawing comprises a piston engine 1 , which is provided with a turbocompressor 2.
- the turbocompressor 2 comprises a compressor 3 and a turbine 4, which are interconnected by means of a drive shaft 5.
- the drive shaft 5 is arranged to the housing of the turbocompressor 2 via a bearing system.
- the task of the compressor 3 is to supply pressurised combustion air to the engine 1.
- the compressor 3 comprises a rotatable rotor provided with blades to pressurise the combustion air to be conveyed to the engine 1.
- a flow space 6 is adapted on the high-pressure side of the compressor 3, i.e. between the compressor 3 and the combustion chambers 10 of the engine cylinders, for conveying pressurised combustion air to the cylinders 10.
- the flow space 6 is provided with a heat exchanger 7 for cooling or heating the combustion air. Moreover, the flow space 6 comprises a charge air receiver 8, which is located after the heat exchanger 7 in the flow direction of the combustion air. The flow space 6 also comprises inlet channels 9 adapted between each cylinder 10 and the charge air receiver 8 for conveying combustion air from the charge air receiver 8 to the cylinders 10.
- An exhaust gas channel 1 1 is adapted between the cylinders 10 and the high- pressure side of the turbine 4 for conveying the exhaust gases of the engine to the turbine 4.
- the turbine 4 comprises a rotor provided with blades and being rotated by the exhaust gas coming from the engine 1.
- the engine 1 comprises fuel feeding means (not shown) for supplying fuel into the cylinders 10.
- the engine 1 is provided with a moistening device, by which the moisture content of combustion air can be raised, while the engine is running.
- the humidification of combustion air decreases the amount of nitrogen oxides (NOx) generated during the combustion.
- Combustion air is humidified by injecting water thereto. Water is mixed with the combustion air in the flow space 6 before the combustion air is conveyed to the heat exchanger 7.
- the combustion air moistening device comprises a feed pipe 12, which is connected to the water treatment system. Injection nozzles 15 opening into the flow space 6 are connected to the feed pipe 12, from which nozzles water is supplied in the form of droplets or mist into the flow space 6 at a point located before the heat exchanger 7 in the flow direction of the combustion air.
- the feed pipe 12 is provided with a shut-off valve 16, by which the water flow to the injection nozzles 15 can be allowed or prevented.
- the arrangement comprises a by-pass channel 13 extending from the flow space 6 to the exhaust gas channel 11 , through which by-pass channel a part of the combustion air may be conveyed from the flow space 6 past the cylinders 10 of the engine to the exhaust gas channel 1 1.
- the first end of the by-pass channel 13 opens to the flow space 6 and the second end to the exhaust gas channel 11.
- the first end of the by-pass channel 13 opens to the flow space 6 at a point located before the injection point of the nozzles 15 in the flow direction of the combustion air.
- the second end of the by-pass channel 13 opens to the exhaust gas channel 1 1 at a point located before the turbine 4 in the flow direction of the exhaust gas. Arrows in the drawing indicate the flow directions of the combustion air and exhaust gas.
- the by-pass channel 13 is provided by a control valve 14 for adjusting the combustion air flow through the by-pass channel 13.
- combustion air is led to the compressor 3, where its pressure is raised by means of a rotor to exceed the ambient pressure.
- the pressurised air is led to the flow space 6 on the high-pressure side of the compressor 3. If the humidification of combustion air is in use, a partial flow will be separated from the combustion air flow and led to the by-pass channel 13.
- the combustion air led to the by-pass channel 13 does not participate in the combustion process in the cylinders 10 of the engine.
- the partial flow led to the bypass channel 13 is 5 - 10 % of the total air flow passing through the compressor 3.
- the volume of the partial flow is adjusted by the control valve 14.
- Combustion air is humidified by injecting water thereto through the nozzles 15.
- the amount of water to be mixed with combustion air is adjusted so that the combustion air conveyed to the cylinders 10 is saturated or essentially saturated.
- the amount of water to be fed to the combustion air is adjusted by opening and closing a suitable number of the water injection nozzles 15, according to the present need, while the injection pressure of each nozzle is about constant.
- the humidified combustion air is conveyed to the heat exchanger 7 and heated or cooled by the heat exchanger 7 typically to 70 - 85 °C.
- the combustion air may be heated or cooled for instance by the low-temperature cooling water of the engine 1 that is led to the heat exchanger 7.
- the combustion air is conveyed to the charge air receiver 8.
- combustion air is led via inlet channels 9 to the cylinders 10.
- Fuel, for instance heavy fuel oil, is supplied to the cylinders 10 and combusted by means of the combustion air in the combustion chambers 10 of the cylinders.
- the exhaust gas generated during the combustion is conveyed through the exhaust gas channel 1 1 towards the turbine 4.
- the exhaust gas flow Before entering the turbine 4 the exhaust gas flow is joined by the combustion air led from the flow space 6 to the by-pass channel 13. Subsequently, the exhaust gas flow and the combustion air flow combined therewith are conveyed to the turbine 4. While passing through the turbine 4 the flow rotates the rotor of the turbine 4, the rotary motion of which is transmitted by a shaft 5 to the rotor of the compressor 3.
- a partial flow is separated from the combustion air flow and led via the by-pass channel 13 to the exhaust gas channel 11 whenever the humidification of combustion air is in use. Then, the control valve 14 is kept open.
- An alternative solution is to separate a partial flow only if the load of the engine 1 is at a specific level regardless of the humidification of combustion air being in use. Generally, when the load level of the engine 1 exceeds 85 % or is under 50 %, the operating point of the compressor 3 is sufficiently far from the surge limit, whereby the bypass system may be shut off by closing the valve 14. When the load of the engine 1 is 50 - 85 %, the valve 14 is kept open, whereby the by-pass system 13 is in use. The by-pass system 13 may be shut off, when the load level exceeds 85 % in order to prevent excessive rise of the rotational speed of the turbocompressor 2.
- the shut-off valve 16 of the feed pipe 12 is closed, whereby water is not allowed to enter the injection nozzles 15. Further, the valve 14 of the by-pass channel 13 is closed, whereby combustion air is not allowed to flow via the by-pass channel 13 to the exhaust gas channel 1 1. Then, the entire combustion air flow from the compressor 3 is conveyed via the heat exchanger 7 to the cylinders 10. The combustion air is cooled by the heat exchanger 7 typically to 50 - 55 °C.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Supercharger (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- High-Pressure Fuel Injection Pump Control (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2008514133A JP4896968B2 (en) | 2005-06-02 | 2006-05-11 | Method for a piston engine with a turbocharger |
AT06743547T ATE478252T1 (en) | 2005-06-02 | 2006-05-11 | METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT IN CONNECTION WITH A TURBOCHARGED PISTON ENGINE |
KR1020077028053A KR101259211B1 (en) | 2005-06-02 | 2006-05-11 | A method and an arrangement in connection with a turbocharged piston engine |
EP06743547A EP1888906B1 (en) | 2005-06-02 | 2006-05-11 | A method and an arrangement in connection with a turbocharged piston engine |
US11/916,336 US8109093B2 (en) | 2005-06-02 | 2006-05-11 | Method and an arrangement in connection with a turbocharged piston engine |
DE602006016272T DE602006016272D1 (en) | 2005-06-02 | 2006-05-11 | METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT IN CONNECTION WITH A PISTON ENGINE WITH TURBOLADER |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI20055275A FI119117B (en) | 2005-06-02 | 2005-06-02 | Method and arrangement for a turbocharged piston engine |
FI20055275 | 2005-06-02 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006128961A1 true WO2006128961A1 (en) | 2006-12-07 |
Family
ID=34778414
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FI2006/050188 WO2006128961A1 (en) | 2005-06-02 | 2006-05-11 | A method and an arrangement in connection with a turbocharged piston engine |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8109093B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1888906B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4896968B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101259211B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101184915A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE478252T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE602006016272D1 (en) |
FI (1) | FI119117B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006128961A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2012509434A (en) * | 2008-11-20 | 2012-04-19 | ワルトシラ フィンランド オサケユキチュア | Piston engine turbocharger speed control method and control system for turbocharged piston engine |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US8820056B2 (en) * | 2009-07-24 | 2014-09-02 | Vandyne Superturbo, Inc. | Rich fuel mixture super-turbocharged engine system |
US8677751B2 (en) | 2009-07-24 | 2014-03-25 | Vandyne Superturbo, Inc. | Rich fuel mixture super-turbocharged engine system |
KR101461891B1 (en) * | 2013-02-20 | 2014-11-14 | 현대자동차 주식회사 | Exhaust gas combustion system |
US9528428B2 (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2016-12-27 | Deere & Company | Cooling system for charge air cooler |
FR3051225B1 (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2019-09-13 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | METHOD OF CONTROLLING THE QUANTITY OF AIR INTRODUCED AT THE ADMISSION OF A SUPERIOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE BY A SINGLE-INLET TURBOCHARGER |
WO2019110877A1 (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2019-06-13 | Eneria | Device for reducing the quantity of emitted nitrogen oxides of a diesel engine |
DE102018123871B4 (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2024-09-26 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Multi-stage supercharged internal combustion engine with liquid injection into the fresh gas line between two compressors |
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-
2005
- 2005-06-02 FI FI20055275A patent/FI119117B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2006
- 2006-05-11 JP JP2008514133A patent/JP4896968B2/en active Active
- 2006-05-11 EP EP06743547A patent/EP1888906B1/en active Active
- 2006-05-11 US US11/916,336 patent/US8109093B2/en active Active
- 2006-05-11 DE DE602006016272T patent/DE602006016272D1/en active Active
- 2006-05-11 CN CNA2006800190527A patent/CN101184915A/en active Pending
- 2006-05-11 AT AT06743547T patent/ATE478252T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-05-11 WO PCT/FI2006/050188 patent/WO2006128961A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-05-11 KR KR1020077028053A patent/KR101259211B1/en active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US5657630A (en) * | 1993-06-04 | 1997-08-19 | Man B&W Diesel A/S | Large supercharged diesel engine |
US6334436B1 (en) * | 1999-10-01 | 2002-01-01 | Filterwerk Mann & Hummel Gmbh | Secondary air system for an internal combustion engine |
EP1205659A2 (en) * | 2000-11-03 | 2002-05-15 | Wärtsilä Technology Oy AB | Method of reducing nitrogen oxide (NOX) emissions of super-charged piston engine |
WO2002042730A2 (en) * | 2000-11-22 | 2002-05-30 | Avl List Gmbh | Method for supplying an internal combustion engine with conditioned combustion gas, device for carrying out said method, method for determining the quantities of pollutants in the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine, and device for carrying out said method |
Cited By (1)
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JP2012509434A (en) * | 2008-11-20 | 2012-04-19 | ワルトシラ フィンランド オサケユキチュア | Piston engine turbocharger speed control method and control system for turbocharged piston engine |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20080196407A1 (en) | 2008-08-21 |
US8109093B2 (en) | 2012-02-07 |
JP4896968B2 (en) | 2012-03-14 |
KR20080023679A (en) | 2008-03-14 |
CN101184915A (en) | 2008-05-21 |
FI20055275A0 (en) | 2005-06-02 |
FI20055275A (en) | 2006-12-03 |
DE602006016272D1 (en) | 2010-09-30 |
FI119117B (en) | 2008-07-31 |
EP1888906B1 (en) | 2010-08-18 |
JP2008542613A (en) | 2008-11-27 |
EP1888906A1 (en) | 2008-02-20 |
KR101259211B1 (en) | 2013-04-29 |
ATE478252T1 (en) | 2010-09-15 |
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