WO2006126351A1 - Procédé pour la production d'un matériau composite de l'aluminium - Google Patents

Procédé pour la production d'un matériau composite de l'aluminium Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006126351A1
WO2006126351A1 PCT/JP2006/308381 JP2006308381W WO2006126351A1 WO 2006126351 A1 WO2006126351 A1 WO 2006126351A1 JP 2006308381 W JP2006308381 W JP 2006308381W WO 2006126351 A1 WO2006126351 A1 WO 2006126351A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
preform
iron
composite material
aluminum
gas atmosphere
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2006/308381
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Keita Yamana
Kyoichi Kinoshita
Motoharu Tanizawa
Manabu Sugiura
Fuminobu Enokijima
Original Assignee
Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki filed Critical Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki
Priority to EP06732189A priority Critical patent/EP1886747A4/fr
Priority to US11/920,865 priority patent/US20090136377A1/en
Publication of WO2006126351A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006126351A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/14—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product the objects being filamentary or particulate in form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C33/0242—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy using the impregnating technique
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing an aluminum composite material in which an iron sintered body is wrapped with aluminum.
  • Various methods have been proposed for producing composite materials in which preforms made of a porous porous material are combined using a metal such as aluminum as a base material.
  • a method for manufacturing such a composite material for example, a preform formed in advance with a porous sintered body such as iron is set in a mold, a high-pressure molten metal is injected into the mold and pressurized, A manufacturing method of a composite material by forging in which a molten metal is infiltrated into a preform to manufacture a composite material is known.
  • a preform formed from the iron porous sintered body is preheated to a predetermined temperature of 2550 ° C to 3500 ° C.
  • the closer the preheating temperature of the preform is to the melting temperature of the base metal the better the penetration of the base metal into the preform. Therefore, a further increase in the preheating temperature is desired.
  • the preform is made of an iron sintered body
  • the temperature is 400 ° C. or higher, the surface of the iron sintered body is oxidized and foreign substances such as oxides are deposited on the surface. It is below the predetermined temperature. Disclosure of the invention
  • the adhesion between the materials is one of the important conditions for determining the characteristics of the composite material. Especially when used in parts subject to high pressure, such as "manufactured products", pressure leakage will occur if the adhesion between materials is poor. There is a possibility that defects such as cracks and extension may occur due to the pressure applied to the poorly adhered areas.
  • the adhesion between materials is poor, there may be voids containing foreign matter or air at the boundary.
  • the composite material is used as a material that requires thermal conductivity, it is considered that if there are foreign objects or voids at the boundary, the thermal conductivity will decrease.
  • This invention is made
  • the present inventors have intensively studied to solve this problem, and as a result of repeated trial and error, the occupied volume ratio of the iron sintered body should be 50% or more and 70% or less.
  • Increase the preheating temperature by preheating in vacuum, inert gas atmosphere, reducing gas atmosphere, or mixed gas atmosphere of inert gas and reducing gas.
  • the temperature of the forging mold is set to 200 ° C or higher and 400 ° C or lower, and the pressurizing method of the aluminum or aluminum alloy molten metal is performed in two steps of low pressure and dredging pressure. It was discovered that an aluminum composite material with good adhesion could be obtained by combining, and the present invention was completed.
  • an iron-based powder is formed so as to have an occupied volume ratio of 50% or more and 70% or less, and in a vacuum, in an inert gas atmosphere, or in a reducing gas atmosphere.
  • a porous iron-based sintered material preform is formed by sintering at a sintering temperature of 1 100 ° C. or higher and 1300 ° C. or lower in a mixed gas atmosphere of an inert gas and a reducing gas.
  • Preheated in a vacuum in an inert gas atmosphere, in a reducing gas atmosphere, or in a mixed gas atmosphere of inert gas and reducing gas at a preheating temperature of 300 ° C to 400 ° C.
  • the preform is placed in a forging mold having a mold temperature of 200 ° C. or more and 400 ° C. or less, and the first pressurizing stage and the first pressurizing the molten aluminum or aluminum alloy at a low pressure.
  • a composite material forming process in which the pressure is impregnated and forged by a two-stage pressurization method comprising a second pressurization stage that pressurizes at a pressure higher than the pressure in the first pressurization stage following the pressurization stage. It is characterized by that.
  • another method for producing an aluminum composite of the present invention is as follows: in vacuum, in an inert gas atmosphere, in a reducing gas atmosphere, or in a mixed gas atmosphere of an inert gas and a reducing gas.
  • a porous iron-based sintered preform with an iron-based powder preheated at a preheating temperature of 0 ° C or less and having an occupied volume ratio of 50% or more and 70% or less is used.
  • the aluminum composite produced by this production method has improved adhesion at the boundary between aluminum or an aluminum alloy and an iron sintered body.
  • the preheating temperature is more preferably 3500 ° C. or more and 400 ° C. or less.
  • the mold temperature is more preferably 2200 ° C. or more and 2500 ° C. or less.
  • Preforms are preheated in vacuum, in an inert gas atmosphere, in a reducing gas atmosphere, or in a mixed gas atmosphere of inert gas and reducing gas. High temperatures exceeding 300 ° C can be achieved without depositing foreign substances such as oxides at the boundaries.
  • the preheating temperature of the preform approaches the molten metal temperature of aluminum or aluminum alloy
  • the impregnation of the iron sintered body with aluminum or aluminum alloy improves, and the adhesion between the two materials improves.
  • the upper limit of the preform preheating temperature is 400 ° C. or less.
  • the preheating temperature should be as close as possible to the molten metal temperature of aluminum or aluminum alloy as described above, but as the temperature rises, intermetallic compounds and oxides are formed, so the adhesion between the iron sintered body and aluminum or aluminum alloy Defects occur.
  • the mold temperature of the forged mold is preferably equal to or lower than the preform preheating temperature.
  • the reason for this is not clear, but the coefficient of thermal expansion of aluminum is larger than that of iron. Therefore, by reducing the mold temperature below the pre-heating temperature of the preform, it is possible to obtain an iron-based sintered material of aluminum or aluminum alloy. It is thought that the impregnation of is improved.
  • pressurization is performed at a low pressure of 20 MPa or more and 30 MPa or less for 5 seconds or more and 15 seconds or less! ) 1st pressurization step, followed by the 1st pressurization method
  • a second pressurizing step in which pressurization is performed at a high pressure of 0 0 MPa or less for 3 minutes or more and 5 minutes or less is preferable.
  • the voids in the preform of the iron sintered body collapse when pressed. Therefore, the molten aluminum or aluminum alloy is impregnated into the voids of the iron sintered body without crushing the preform gap at low pressure first, and then the molten aluminum or aluminum alloy is impregnated at the required pressure.
  • the above two-stage pressurization method it is possible to impregnate the molten iron or aluminum alloy without crushing the voids of the iron sintered body. improves.
  • the occupied volume ratio of the iron-based powder is more preferably 55% or more and 65% or less. If the occupied volume ratio of the iron-based powder in the porous preform sintered body is within the above range, impregnation of the aluminum sintered body with aluminum or an aluminum alloy is good.
  • the iron-based powder preferably has a particle size of 45 ⁇ or more and 2OO ⁇ or less.
  • the occupied volume ratio of the iron-based powder can be adjusted by the particle size of the iron-based powder.
  • the manufacturing method of the aluminum composite material in which the iron sintered body of the present invention is wrapped with Naremi improves the adhesion at the boundary between the aluminum or aluminum alloy and the iron sintered body by having the above manufacturing process. It can be made. It is possible to prevent problems such as pressure leakage, cracking, crack extension, and decrease in conductivity, which have been caused by poor adhesion at the boundary.
  • FIG. 1 shows the preform molding process in the embodiment of the present date.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a state in which a forming die is filled with iron-based powder or the like and pressed, and (b) is a schematic diagram of a state in which the formed preform is sintered in a sintering furnace.
  • FIG. 2 shows a composite material forming step in an embodiment of the present invention
  • (a) is a schematic view of an iron sintered body preform
  • (b) is an iron sintered body preform placed on a forging die
  • (C) is a schematic diagram of the aluminum composite material after forging.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a cross-section processed aluminum composite material in an example of the present invention.
  • Porous iron sintered material preform '7 Forging mold for fixing preform
  • the method for producing an aluminum composite material according to the present invention comprises a preform molding step for molding a porous iron-based sintered material preform, and pressure-impregnating the preform with molten aluminum or an aluminum alloy. It consists of a composite material forming step.
  • iron-based powder is molded so that the occupied volume ratio is 50% or more and 70% or less, and in vacuum, in an inert gas atmosphere, in a reducing gas atmosphere, or a mixture of an inert gas and a reducing gas. It is characterized by a step of forming a porous iron-based sintered material preform by sintering at a sintering temperature of 1 100 ° C or higher and 1300 ° C or lower in a gas atmosphere.
  • the shape of the porous iron-based sintered material preform is not particularly limited as long as it is a desired shape.
  • a desired preform can be molded by placing iron-based powder in a mold having the desired shape and sintering it by heating under pressure.
  • the occupied volume ratio of iron is desirably 50% or more and 70% or less.
  • the occupied volume ratio is expressed as VF (abbreviation of Volume Fraction) and expressed in%.
  • VF can be controlled by controlling the particle size, amount and pressure of the iron-based powder during preform molding.
  • the porosity of the porous iron-based sintered material preform is 30% or more, and the iron-based sintered material is preferably impregnated with aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • the VF of the iron-based powder is preferably 55% or more and 65% or less.
  • the iron-based powder is not particularly limited as long as it contains iron.
  • pure iron, iron containing copper, iron containing copper and carbon, copper, iron containing carbon and nickel, or iron containing chromium and / or molybdenum can be used.
  • the iron-based powder preferably has a particle size of 45 to 20 ⁇ .
  • the iron-based powder having a particle size in this range desired excellent wrapping properties can be ensured and desired strength can be ensured.
  • Sintering can be carried out by holding at a high temperature below the melting point of the raw materials used in a vacuum, in an inert gas atmosphere, in a reducing gas atmosphere, or in a mixed gas atmosphere of an inert gas and a reducing gas.
  • sintering is performed for 45 minutes at a sintering temperature of 1100 ° C or higher and 1200 ° C or lower.
  • the cooling rate after sintering is preferably 30 ° C to 40 ° C / min or less.
  • post-treatment such as carburizing, nitriding, quenching, tempering, normalizing, annealing, steam treatment may be performed.
  • a lubricant or the like may be added as a porous iron-based sintered material preform raw material.
  • the composite material forming process is performed in a vacuum, in an inert gas atmosphere, in a reducing gas atmosphere, or in a mixed gas atmosphere of an inert gas and a reducing gas at a preheating temperature of 300 ° C. or more and 400 ° C. or less.
  • the preheated preform is placed in a forging mold having a mold temperature of 200 ° C. or higher and 400 ° C. or lower, and the molten aluminum or aluminum alloy is pressure impregnated by a two-stage pressure method. It is the process of making it forge.
  • the inert gas nitrogen, argon or the like can be used.
  • Preheating is The preform may be heated in a heating furnace, or high frequency heating may be performed. In order to prevent oxidation of the surface of the preform, preheating is preferably performed in a short time. For example, high-frequency heating can be used in an inert gas atmosphere.
  • the mold temperature of the forged mold is preferably equal to or lower than the preform preheating temperature. Preheating may be performed in a heating furnace with a forging die installed in a heating furnace, or high-frequency heating may be performed.
  • the preheating of the preform and the forging mold may be performed simultaneously in the same place or at different times at different times.
  • preheating for the preform and preheating for the forging mold can be performed simultaneously at different temperature settings in the forging mold.
  • the aluminum alloy is not particularly limited as long as it is an alloy containing aluminum.
  • an aluminum alloy containing MgCuNsiMnFeCrCr or the like can be mentioned.
  • the two-stage pressurization method includes a first pressurization stage in which pressurization is performed at a low pressure and a second pressurization stage in which pressurization is performed at a pressure higher than the pressure in the first pressurization stage following the first pressurization stage.
  • the pressurization may be performed using a feeder pressure or by another method.
  • the pressurization is preferably performed using a feeder pressure from the standpoint of preventing the gas inside the mold from being removed, the shrinkage of the soot and the generation of voids caused by cooling and solidification.
  • the aluminum composite material after forging may be air-cooled while being put in the forging die after releasing the pressure, or may be taken out from the forging die and air-cooled.
  • Another method for producing an aluminum composite material of the present invention comprises a composite material forming step in which a porous iron-based sintered material preform is pressed and impregnated with molten aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • This manufacturing method is the same as described above, except that a porous iron-based sintered material preform having an iron-based powder shaped volume ratio of 50% or more and 70% or less formed by any method that is not particularly limited is used. Since this is the same as above, the description is omitted.
  • Figure 1 shows an explanatory diagram of the preform molding process.
  • A is a schematic view of a state in which a molding die is filled with iron-based powder or the like and pressed, and
  • (b) is a state in which the molded preform is sintered in a sintering furnace. It is a schematic diagram.
  • the mold 1 as a molding die is cylindrical and is configured to be disassembled into a plurality of molding die constituent pieces.
  • the material of the mold 1 is, for example, high carbon steel (carbon concentration 0.1% to 0.6%) such as S25C. Put a raw material such as iron-based powder into the mold 1 and press the molds 2 and 3 so that the VF of the iron-based powder in the mold 1 is 50% or more and 70% or less. For the pressurization, an appropriate pressure is used depending on the particle size and amount of the iron-based powder. '
  • the formed iron-based powder 4 is placed in a sintering furnace 5 and sintered in a vacuum, in an inert gas atmosphere, in a reducing gas atmosphere, or in a mixed gas atmosphere of an inert gas and a reducing gas. .
  • Sintering is performed by holding at a high temperature below the melting point of the iron-based powder or the like.
  • the sintered preform is cooled by cooling the temperature of the sintering furnace.
  • the sintered body may be re-pressurized to correct the dimensions.
  • induction hardening, carburizing and quenching, steam processing, and the like may be performed.
  • the shape of the iron sintered body is a cylindrical shape, but the desired shape of the iron sintered body can be formed by using the mold 1 that matches the shape of the target composite material. Is done.
  • Figure 2 shows an illustration of the composite material formation process.
  • A is a schematic diagram of an iron sintered body preform
  • (b) is a schematic diagram of a state in which the iron sintered body preform is installed in a forging mold
  • (c) is after the forging. It is a schematic diagram of the aluminum composite material.
  • the porous iron sintered body preform 6 is preheated in a vacuum, in an inert gas atmosphere, in a reducing gas atmosphere, or in a mixed gas atmosphere of an inert gas and a reducing gas, exceeding 300 ° C. Preheat with temperature. Preheating may be performed in a heating furnace, or high-frequency heating may be performed. In addition, high-frequency heating is performed in a state where the preform fixing mold 7 is installed. May be performed.
  • the preheated porous iron sintered body preform 6 is placed in a forging mold 7 for fixing the preform.
  • the forging dies 7 and 8 are preheated to a temperature lower than the preheating temperature of the preform 6.
  • a molten aluminum or aluminum-alloy is poured into the forging die 8 in which the preform 6 is installed.
  • Two-stage pressurization is performed for several seconds at low pressure and then for several minutes at high pressure.
  • the iron powder removed by sieving with a particle size of 45 Atm or less, lithium stearate as a lubricant, and carbon powder were mixed using a mixer.
  • the mixing ratio was 100% by weight as a whole, 98.3% by weight of iron powder, 0.7% by weight of carbon powder, and 1% by weight of lithium stearate.
  • an iron preform mold was prepared.
  • the mixed raw material powder was put into a preform mold and pressed so that VF was 60% or 70%.
  • molding was performed by pressing at about 15 OMPa.
  • the shape of the preform was a cylindrical shape.
  • the pressed iron powder was placed in a sintering furnace and sintered at 1 1 50 ° C for 45 minutes under AX gas (N 2 — 75% H 2 ).
  • the cooling rate of the sintering furnace after sintering was 30 to 40 ° C / min.
  • a cylindrical porous iron sintered material preform having a height of 15 Omm and an outer diameter of 1 2 Omm ⁇ inner diameter of 100 mm was obtained.
  • the porous iron sintered material preform cooled to near room temperature was placed in a heating furnace and preheated in an argon atmosphere.
  • the preheating temperature was 300 ° C or 400 ° C.
  • the porous iron sintered material preform preheated from the heating furnace was taken out and placed in a forging mold preheated to 200 ° C or 250 ° C in another heating furnace in advance.
  • Aluminum alloy ADC 1 2 750 ⁇ 800 ° C molten metal from the opening of the forging mold Injected.
  • the molten metal was poured to the extent that the forged mold was almost filled, and the molten metal pressure was applied.
  • the molten metal pressure was initially 8 OMP a over 4 minutes (pressurization method 1), and 2 OMP a over 10 seconds, then l OOMP a over 4 minutes (pressurization method 2). went. Finally, the pressure was released and the forged mold was air-cooled.
  • a cylindrical aluminum composite material having a height of 150 mm, an outer diameter of 20 0 ⁇ , and an inner diameter of 90 to 100 mm was obtained.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a cross-section processed aluminum composite.
  • An aluminum composite material 9 in which an aluminum alloy 11 is wrapped around a porous iron sintered material preform 10 is shown.
  • the boundary between the preform 10 and the aluminum alloy is represented by the boundary 12.
  • a red penetrant containing a fatty acid ester, a high-boiling hydrocarbon, and a red dye is sprayed on the cross section.
  • the cross section is observed visually.
  • the red penetrant enters the gap between the porous iron sintered material and the aluminum alloy, and the boundary can be visually observed.
  • no red color change portion was visually observed at the boundary between the porous sintered material and the aluminum alloy.

Abstract

L'invention a pour objet un procédé pour la production d'un matériau composite de l'aluminium lequel est composé de fer fritté et d'aluminium combiné au fer fritté par imprégnation par coulée et lequel a une adhérence accrue. Le procédé est caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend l'étape de production d'une préforme consistant à comprimer une poudre à base de fer de façon à faire en sorte que la proportion du volume occupé tombe dans l'intervalle de 50 à 70 % et à fritter le comprimé obtenu pour produire une préforme à base de fer fritté poreux et l'étape de production du matériau composite consistant à préchauffer à 300 à 400°C la préforme sous vide, dans une atmosphère de gaz inerte, dans une atmosphère de gaz réducteur ou dans une atmosphère de gaz mélangé constitué d'un gaz inerte et d'un gaz réducteur, à mettre la préforme préchauffée dans un moule à couler ayant une température de moule de 200 à 400°C et à couler de l'aluminium fondu ou un alliage d'aluminium dans le moule par un procédé de coulée sous pression en deux étapes comprenant la première étape et la seconde étape de mise sous pression pour imprégner la préforme de l'aluminium fondu ou de l'alliage d'aluminium fondu.
PCT/JP2006/308381 2005-05-25 2006-04-14 Procédé pour la production d'un matériau composite de l'aluminium WO2006126351A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06732189A EP1886747A4 (fr) 2005-05-25 2006-04-14 Procédé pour la production d'un matériau composite de l'aluminium
US11/920,865 US20090136377A1 (en) 2005-05-25 2006-04-14 Process for producing aluminum composite material

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2005152934A JP2006326630A (ja) 2005-05-25 2005-05-25 アルミ複合材の製造方法
JP2005-152934 2005-05-25

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006126351A1 true WO2006126351A1 (fr) 2006-11-30

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US (1) US20090136377A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1886747A4 (fr)
JP (1) JP2006326630A (fr)
WO (1) WO2006126351A1 (fr)

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CN102350490A (zh) * 2011-09-07 2012-02-15 南昌大学 一种低成本、环保、耐磨双连续相复合材料的制备方法

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CN106392037A (zh) * 2016-09-14 2017-02-15 中北电气有限公司 一种纯铝金属模具直浇工艺
US11001914B2 (en) 2018-01-23 2021-05-11 Dsc Materials Llc Machinable metal matrix composite and method for making the same
US10851020B2 (en) 2018-01-23 2020-12-01 Dsc Materials Llc Machinable metal matrix composite and method for making the same

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JP2002285205A (ja) * 2001-03-27 2002-10-03 Tocalo Co Ltd 貴金属元素で処理された金属基複合材料およびその製造方法
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JPH01193496A (ja) * 1988-01-25 1989-08-03 Kubota Ltd 潤滑油を含有した金属−セラミックス複合摺動部材
JPH05123856A (ja) * 1991-10-30 1993-05-21 Yoshida Cast Kogyo Kk 貴金属宝飾品の製造方法
JP2000336438A (ja) * 1999-03-25 2000-12-05 Kubota Corp 金属−セラミックス複合材料およびその製造方法
JP2002285205A (ja) * 2001-03-27 2002-10-03 Tocalo Co Ltd 貴金属元素で処理された金属基複合材料およびその製造方法
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102350490A (zh) * 2011-09-07 2012-02-15 南昌大学 一种低成本、环保、耐磨双连续相复合材料的制备方法

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EP1886747A4 (fr) 2009-04-22
JP2006326630A (ja) 2006-12-07
EP1886747A1 (fr) 2008-02-13
US20090136377A1 (en) 2009-05-28

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