WO2006120869A2

WO2006120869A2 - Device for structuring rigid structure body of sphere group using spheres with uniform size

Info

Publication number: WO2006120869A2
Application number: PCT/JP2006/308426
Authority: WO
Inventors: Yutaka Hatauchi
Original assignee: Yutaka Hatauchi
Priority date: 2005-04-22
Filing date: 2006-04-21
Publication date: 2006-11-16
Also published as: WO2006120869A3

Abstract

Provided is a means for structuring a rigid structure body, in which a fluid state and a rigid structure body state can be quickly switched between each other to achieve a desired shape. Also provided is a method for forming a structure body, in which a large number of spheres having a uniform size are confined in a bag, compression stress is applied to the spheres by a bag volume reduction means to restrain the group of the spheres into a densest structure state of a rigid structure, and thereby a rigid structure body of a desired shape is formed. Further, in the method, quick switching between a fluid state and a rigid structure body state can be made, and the method can be quickly adapted to various shapes, can be started afresh for repeated times, and can be used for diverse applications.

Description

Specification

Rigid structure constructing device for sphere group using spheres of uniform size

Technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to modeling of a structural material.

Background art

[0002] There are various methods for constructing a rigid structure from a fluid, such as chemical reaction, solvent drying, and photocured resin. I couldn't convert it.

[0003] In addition, there are some which try to maintain the structural shape by confining powder or granular material in an airtight bag and reducing the filling in the bag by reducing the pressure, but the packing is made into a sphere of uniform size. Since it was not limited, the close-packed state did not form a rigid structure, and a strong rigid structure could not be formed.

Patent Document 1: JP 2004-123840 A

Patent Document 2: JP-A-2004-1581583

Patent Document 3: JP-A-10_110416

Patent Document 4: JP-A-11-90064

Disclosure of the invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

[0004] A rigid structure constructing means that can quickly convert between a fluid state and a rigid structure state to obtain an arbitrary shape is realized. Means for solving the problem

[0005] In the present invention, a bag containing a large number of uniform spheres is subjected to compressive stress between the spheres by the bag volume reducing means, and the spheres are constrained to a close-packed structure that forms a rigid structure. Thus, a rigid structure having an arbitrary shape is formed.

[0006] As a method for minimizing the volume in the bag, a method of putting it in a net-like bag that does not pass through a sphere and tightening or compressing it can be considered. However, as another method with a wide range of use, an air-tight bag is used. The method will be described. Airtight mixture of spheres and fluids of uniform size It has a mechanical force such as a pump that traps in a flexible bag and sucks only the fluid component of the mixture in the bag through a filter. It uses a gas as the fluid (Fig. 1) and a fluid as the fluid (Fig. 2). In both cases, depending on the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the bag caused by suction of fluid components, the spheres in the bag are constrained to the closest packed structure and quickly changed from the fluidized state to the rigid structure state. Therefore, the present invention provides a rigid structure forming apparatus that is reversible and can be repeatedly changed.

[0007] In the mixture, there is sufficient fluid around each sphere, and when the friction between the spheres is not generated or small (Fig. 3), the mixture sucks the force fluid that can be freely deformed as a whole. When the pressure in the bag is lowered, the volume of the bag is minimized due to the pressure difference from the external pressure such as atmospheric pressure, and the sphere is constrained to a close-packed structure. In any state, there is always a continuous space around the sphere through which fluid can pass, so the fluid flow is not hindered and the bag is kept at a constant pressure.

[0008] When this structure is viewed locally, on a plane including the centers of three adjacent spheres, the three spheres are in contact at three points, and a line connecting the centers of these spheres is seen. If it becomes an equilateral triangle and there is sufficient pressure that does not cause separation and slipping of the spheres and frictional force or mechanical catch, this structure becomes a stable and rigid structure. Three-dimensionally, it is an assembly of regular tetrahedrons (Fig. 4) containing regular octahedrons, that is, a close-packed rigid structure called a face-centered cubic (Fig. 5) or hexagonal crystal (Fig. 6).

[0009] In practice, the close-packed rigid structure of the present invention is an aggregate of face-centered cubics and hexagonal crystals, and a force that seems to include some deformed parts. Therefore, if you try to move the spheres without separating them, it is necessary to cause slipping at any of the contact points, sufficient pressure that does not cause separation or slipping between the spheres, and frictional force mechanical If there is a slight catch, this structure becomes a stable and rigid structure.

[0010] The sphere can be freely selected in consideration of the size, strength, elasticity, frictional force, etc. according to the required use conditions. When using a sphere material with a low coefficient of friction, If measures such as using a material with a high coefficient of friction or a hooking force structure (Fig. 7) are taken, it is possible to cope with cases where higher strength is required.

[0011] The fluid material is a force fluid material that can be freely selected from gas and liquid. If liquid is used, the fluid supply / discharge capacity required to obtain the pressure for control can be reduced compared to when gas is used, or if a sphere material with a large mass is used, Since the difference in specific gravity with the fluid can be reduced, the homogeneity of the mixture is improved, making it easier to handle when feeding and discharging the mixture itself, and it is easier to maintain a rigid structure for a long time because it is easier to keep airtight than gas. However, the disadvantage is that the liquid is heavier than the gas or the size of the sphere is small, and in some cases the viscosity of the liquid may interfere with the control. It may not be suitable for applications where leakage is a problem.

[0012] As a material of the mixture, the combination of styrene foam sphere and air is suitable for various applications because it is lightweight, has good elasticity with good thermal insulation, and is inexpensive. If the compressive stress is increased, the entire structure will shrink, and it is suitable when an accurate shape is required. When an accurate shape is required, it is necessary to use a hard sphere.

[0013] It is constrained to the close-packed structure state due to the compressive force! The rigid structure state of the sphere group can be permanently fixed by replacing the fluid with a curable resin. There are a method of using curable resin as a fluid and a method of replacing a fluid with curable resin while maintaining the shape after forming a rigid structure into the required shape (Fig. 8).

[0014] An emergency life-saving gypsum characterized by the fact that it can respond immediately to the shape of the affected area and does not compress the affected area, is made of rigid polystyrene as a sphere material, lightweight as air as a fluid material, and has good heat insulation and toxicity. Use items that are not air-permeable and have antibacterial properties for the outer packaging of the bag to ensure patient safety. Using a light and highly insulating material is also effective in reducing the burden on the patient.

[0015] If this cast is in a fluid state, it can easily be added to the shape of the affected area, and if it is made rigid as it is, it can be fixed without compressing the affected area. It is possible to prevent the surrounding tissue from being further damaged by flow obstruction or broken bone. In addition, even after fixation, if treatment or treatment becomes necessary, release and re-fixation can be performed quickly and repeatedly at any time, and the object to be worn is sandwiched so that it can be opened for treatment and treatment. (Figure 9) is also convenient.

[0016] To be used as a seating material for chairs and wheelchairs of automobile seats, etc., use a material with good breathability and moisture absorption on the surface of the seating surface, and attach an anti-slip sheet on the backside or mechanically fix it Etc. The seating material itself needs to be fixed to the chair. If the seating material is deformed according to the desired posture of the body and then converted into a rigid structure, an ideally fixed seating surface can be obtained, and the posture of the body is good and the posture can be changed. It is possible to prevent humiliation by preventing concentration of weight locally and changing the posture from time to time to re-rigid structure.

[0017] When used as a pad for prosthetic limb attachment, if a small and hard sphere is used, the gap with the attachment site can be reduced, so the cushioning material such as sponge is thinned to the minimum necessary to increase the sense of unity with the prosthesis. It is possible to respond immediately even when the size and shape of the wearing site changes over time due to edema or swelling during wearing, and it can be reset at any time with a pump etc. You can get a feeling.

[0018] When used as an anti-collapse material for disaster relief, a sphere with a large friction coefficient is used as an exterior material, and an air-tight bag protected by a material that is resistant to tearing and piercing, and a mixture of the sphere and fluid A separate supply source is provided (Fig. 10), an airtight bag is inserted in a place where collapse prevention is required, the necessary amount of mixture is fed, the supply path is blocked, and the fluid from the airtight bag mixture is fluidized. By sucking the water with a pump, the sphere group becomes a rigid structure and is used as an anti-collapse material (Fig. 11). After the rescue operation is completed, if the airtight bag sphere is re-fluidized and sucked from the supply channel and collected, the airtight bag becomes smaller and can be easily recovered. It is possible to provide a disaster relief material that prevents secondary disasters and can be used safely.

[0019] If the victim is sandwiched between collapsed objects and needs to be jacked up, an object with an air jack between the two airtight bags can be used. Yes. First, the mixture sent to the two airtight bags is matched to the shape of the top and bottom collapsed objects to prevent the collapse, and then the mosquito is divided into the entire rigid structure with an air jack provided between them. By lifting it up, it can be safely rescued even if it is trapped in a collapsed object.

[0020] In order to make a universal arm control device characterized in that the entire movable part can be fixed at once, a pipe-like arm that can be bent freely is created, and a sphere and fluid are mixed in the deformed part. Airtight bags containing objects are built-in (Fig. 12), and the multi-joint type (Fig. 13) incorporates air-tight bags containing a mixture of spheres and fluid in each joint and connects the air-tight bags. And then For the control of these types, a device for maintaining a negative pressure state by rubber or spring is connected. When the arm is deformed, if the negative pressure state is released by the controller, the mixture in the airtight bag can be moved freely as a fluid, and if released, the fluid is sucked and the bag is depressurized. The sphere of the airtight bag simultaneously forms a rigid structure to fix the arm. If a liquid is used as the fluid V, it can be controlled with a small volume of fluid.

[0021] To be used as a hard protective material that can immediately adapt to the shape of the article, it can be used in various forms if it is used as a protective material for the article using a durable and durable airtight bag and a foamed polystyrene sphere. It is a lightweight, hard protective material that is strong and resistant to external forces, and has excellent shock absorption and elasticity that the polystyrene foam itself has. As it is, it can be used as a hard protective fence, but it can also be used as an interior material for various fences because it can adapt to various shapes. As a packing material for transportation, it is light and can be used repeatedly and is economical.

[0022] In order to use as a modeling material that can be freely deformed and rigid structure repeated many times, equipped with a fluid regulator that can be fine-tuned, the shape of the airtight bag does not collapse under its own weight due to the restraining force of the sphere, By adjusting the internal pressure of the bag to such an extent that it can be deformed by an external force and deforming it into the required shape, the bag can be decompressed and the restraining force of the sphere can be increased to make a rigid structure. In this way, a molding material that can be easily redone by adjusting the internal pressure is obtained.

[0023] To be used as a versatile pad for mountain climbing and hiking, make an air-tight bag covered with a strong protective material and have a double-sided fastener attached around it, and polystyrene foam as a spherical material. Use a fluid material that is lightweight and has good heat insulation, such as air. This pad is a hard protective material for precision machines such as cameras, a stable seating surface on rough terrain, a backpack frame, a hard hat with eaves against sun and rain, a simple helmet, a beverage warmer, pillow, sprain Lightweight and versatile for various uses such as a hard pad on the shoulder that makes it easy to carry a rucksack, a simple snow boot, etc. A pad is obtained.

[0024] In order to use it as a three-dimensional object molder, it is possible to easily re-mold a minute mold many times by using a thin and flexible airtight bag and a small and hard sphere as a sphere. A caster for the standing object is obtained.

[0025] For use as an interior pad for shoes such as ski shoes, a thin and flexible airtight bag and a sphere By using a small sphere, it is possible to obtain a shoe interior material that responds quickly to the foot shape of each person, and a sense of unity can be obtained without tightening the foot. It can also be expected to prevent other obstacles. Use air-absorbent, breathable, antibacterial, and other materials for the airtight bag, and the sphere material can be freely used from those with necessary conditions such as shock absorption, elasticity, heat retention and specific gravity. You can choose.

[0026] To be used as a rigid structure or building that can be easily installed and removed, such as for entertainment and advertising, create a solid airtight bag of solid type that is required by a strong airtight film, and many Introduce the rigid styrene sphere using air, fill the sphere with the air bag while removing only the air in the airtight bag, seal the bag, and then suck the air with the pump in the airtight bag mixture. Therefore, the sphere as a whole is made into a rigid structure, and the required three-dimensional rigid structure model is created. To remove it, simply reverse the above procedure. It is also possible to build members in the same way and combine them to make simple structures, and because they are light and water-resistant, you can make simple surfboards and boats that can be deformed and stored.

[0027] If the present invention is used as a flattening pad, a comfortable sleeping plane for camping and automobiles can be obtained. Even if you try to sleep by tilting the backrest of the car seat, the seating surface is tilted and the backrest is also bent, creating irregularities. Compared to conventional sponge-made ones that are made of sponge and those that are inflated with air, they are more versatile, lighter, better insulative, and more stable and easier to sleep. It can also be used to prevent rolling when loading easy objects.

[0028] If the present invention is used, a pillow that can be freely changed in height and shape according to uses such as sleeping on the side or watching TV, a helmet that is lightweight and shock-absorbing, and can be folded and stored quickly and adaptable to the shape of the head, etc. You can also. The invention's effect

[0029] The invention realizes a structure that can be quickly converted into a fluid state and a rigid structure state, and can provide a rigid structure that can respond quickly to various shapes. Moreover, even if a hole is opened in the airtight bag, the pressure is applied to the outer force of the bag, so that the structure can be easily repaired with an adhesive tape or the like, and can be applied to various applications.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out a rigid structure constituting apparatus of a sphere group using spheres of uniform size according to the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. A mixture of a sphere and fluid of uniform size is confined in an airtight flexible bag, and a mechanism such as a pump that sucks only the fluid component of the mixture in the bag through a filter is used, and the gas is used as the fluid. There are two types (Fig. 1) and those that use liquid as the fluid (Fig. 2), both of which make the spheres in the bag a close-packed structure due to the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the bag caused by sucking fluid components. This is a reversible sphere group phase change device that can be rapidly changed to a rigid state.

[0031] The rigid structure forming apparatus for a sphere group using spheres of uniform size according to the present invention takes into consideration the size, strength, elasticity, frictional force, etc., depending on the required use conditions as the sphere material. However, when using a sphere material with a low coefficient of friction, take measures such as using a material with a high coefficient of friction on the sphere surface or providing a hooking force structure (Fig. 7). If applied, it can be used even when more strength is required.

[0032] Hereinafter, the sphere group in the rigid structure state according to the present invention is filled with a curable resin in a space between the sphere groups while maintaining the rigid structure state. The best mode for carrying out the apparatus for permanently maintaining the apparatus will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. This is done by using a curable resin as a fluid from the beginning, or by replacing the fluid with a curable resin while maintaining the shape after forming a rigid structure into the required shape (Fig. 8).

[0033] Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out a disaster-rescue collapse prevention device using a rigid structure constituting device of a sphere group using spheres of uniform size according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. I will explain it. Use a strong sphere with a high coefficient of friction, and install an airtight bag protected by a tough member for tearing and piercing as an exterior material and a separate supply source that supplies a mixture of sphere and fluid (Fig. 10). After inserting the airtight bag into the place where prevention is required, send the required amount of the mixture, block the supply path, and pump the fluid from the airtight bag mixture to make the sphere group into a rigid structure. Use anti-collapse material (Figure 11). After the rescue operation is completed, the sphere of the airtight bag is reflowed and collected by sucking and collecting the supply path force, and the airtight bag is made smaller and recovered. [0034] If the victim is sandwiched between collapsed objects and needs to be jacked up, use an air jack provided between two airtight bags. Correspond. First, the mixture sent into the two airtight bags is made into a rigid structure by matching the shape of the upper and lower collapsed objects, etc. to prevent collapse, and then the mosquito is dispersed throughout the rigid structure with an air jack provided between them By lifting it, it can be safely rescued even if it is trapped in a collapsed object that is easy to collapse.

Hereinafter, a universal arm control device using a rigid structure forming device of a sphere group using spheres of uniform size according to the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. A pipe-shaped arm that can be bent freely is made, and a hermetic bag containing a mixture of a sphere and a fluid is built in the deformed part (Fig. 12), and the articulated type (Fig. 13) has a sphere at each joint. A gas-tight bag containing a fluid mixture is built in, and the air-tight bags are connected. Thus, for both types of control, a device for maintaining a negative pressure state with rubber or a spring is connected. When deforming the arm, the controller removes the negative pressure state, the mixture in the airtight bag becomes fluidized and moves freely, and if released, the fluid is sucked and the inside of the bag is depressurized. At the same time, the rigid structure is fixed and the arm is fixed. If a liquid is used as the fluid, it can be controlled with a small volume of fluid.

Brief Description of Drawings

[0036] [FIG. 1] A method in the case of using a gas for forming a rigid structure of a sphere according to the present invention.

[Fig. 2] Method of using the rigid structuring liquid of a sphere according to the present invention

[Fig. 3] State of sphere and fluid mixture of the present invention

[Figure 4] Regular tetrahedron

[Figure 5] Face-centered cubic

[Figure 6] Hexagonal crystal

[Fig.7] Sphere hooking force structure

[Figure 8] Method to replace fluid with curable resin while maintaining shape

[Fig.9] Emergency life-saving cast worn in a sandwiched manner

[Figure 10] Anti-collapse material for disaster relief

[Figure 11] Installation of anti-collapse materials for disaster relief [Fig.12] Pipe-shaped free-runner

[Figure 13] Articulated type

Explanation of symbols

(1) Airtight bag

(2) Sphere

(3) Gas

(4) Airtight bag protective material

(5) Huino Letter

(6) Three-way valve

(7) Aspirator

(8) Liquid

(9) Aspirator that can maintain negative pressure

(10) Fluid

(11) Hook structure

(12) Curable resin

(13) Benoleto

(14) Sphere tank

(15) Supply / discharge pump

(16) Valve

(17) Pipe that can be bent freely

Claims

The scope of the claims

[1] Rigid structure composed of a large number of uniform spheres, a bag for confining them, and a bag volume reduction means that can apply a compressive stress between the spheres to constrain the sphere to a close-packed structure. Apparatus and method.

[2] The rigid structure forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a granular material such as a polyhedron is used as the structural material, which is close to a sphere.

[3] The rigid structure forming apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein a sphere having a material having a high friction coefficient or a catching structure on a sphere surface is used.

[4] By using the rigid structure forming device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the sphere group in a rigid structure state is filled with a curable resin in a gap between the sphere groups while maintaining the rigid structure state. Rigid structure A device for permanently maintaining the state.

[5] The sphere of uniform size according to claims 1 to 3, wherein a supply source for supplying the sphere is provided separately from the airtight bag, and the volume can be changed by changing the amount of the sphere in the airtight bag. Collapse prevention device for disaster relief using a rigid structure constituent device for a group of spheres.