WO2006117158A1 - Utilisation de dispersions de cires aqueuses pour l'impregnation de materiaux lignocellulosiques - Google Patents

Utilisation de dispersions de cires aqueuses pour l'impregnation de materiaux lignocellulosiques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006117158A1
WO2006117158A1 PCT/EP2006/004014 EP2006004014W WO2006117158A1 WO 2006117158 A1 WO2006117158 A1 WO 2006117158A1 EP 2006004014 W EP2006004014 W EP 2006004014W WO 2006117158 A1 WO2006117158 A1 WO 2006117158A1
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Prior art keywords
wax
tert
bis
butyl
waxes
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PCT/EP2006/004014
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Arend Jouke Kingma
Andreas FECHTENKÖTTER
Wolfgang Kasel
Holger Militz
Andreas Krause
Carsten Mai
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Basf Aktiengesellschaft
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Publication of WO2006117158A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006117158A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D15/00—Woodstains
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L91/00—Compositions of oils, fats or waxes; Compositions of derivatives thereof
    • C08L91/06—Waxes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
    • C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D191/00—Coating compositions based on oils, fats or waxes; Coating compositions based on derivatives thereof
    • C09D191/06—Waxes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
    • B27K2240/70—Hydrophobation treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/007—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process employing compositions comprising nanoparticles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/15—Impregnating involving polymerisation including use of polymer-containing impregnating agents

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the use of aqueous wax dispersions for the impregnation of lignocellulosic materials.
  • the invention also relates to a process for the hydrophobization of lignocellulosic materials, in which the lignocellulose material is impregnated with an aqueous wax dispersion, and the lignocellulosic materials obtainable thereby.
  • Lignocellulosic materials especially wood, but also other lignocellulosic materials such as bamboo, natural fibers and the like, are of interest as construction and construction materials for many applications.
  • the disadvantage is that the natural durability of these materials is adversely affected both by the action of moisture, but also by changes in the moisture content in the surrounding atmosphere.
  • the reason for this is the property of lignocellulosic materials to store water on contact with water or in a humid atmosphere and release it again in a dry atmosphere.
  • the associated swelling or shrinkage and the associated lack of dimensional stability of the materials is not only undesirable for many applications, but can also lead to destruction of the material by cracking in extreme cases.
  • the hydrophobing of wood and other lignocellulosic materials is a long known technique for reducing the water absorption of these materials.
  • the dimensional stability of these materials is improved and, on the other hand, the risk of infestation with fungi or bacteria is reduced.
  • CA 2,179,001 in turn, describes a wood preservative having a hydrophobic effect which contains, in addition to a water-soluble wood preservative such as chromated copper arsenates, an aqueous emulsion of a low-melting wax such as Gatch and a cationic surface-active substance. Disadvantages are the comparatively large amounts of expensive emulsifier required.
  • WO 00/41861 in turn discloses a process for the hydrophobization of wood substrates, in which the substrate is brought into contact with an aqueous dispersion of a wax at reduced pressure and a temperature above the melting point of the wax.
  • aqueous dispersion of a wax By melting an improved penetration of the liquid wax is to be achieved in the wood pores.
  • the required high temperatures can lead to damage to the wood.
  • the wax emulsions above the melting point of the wax contained therein are unstable, especially under the action of strong shear forces, such as occur in the impregnation of wood under elevated pressure.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object to provide agents for the hydrophobization of lignocellulosic materials, in particular of wood, which overcome the disadvantages of the prior art described here.
  • the water repellents should allow the impregnation even at low temperatures, in particular below 50 ° C, to avoid damage to the wood.
  • aqueous dispersions of waxes or waxy polymers having a melting point above 75 0 C, preferably above 80 0 C, in particular above 90 0 C, wherein the dispersed wax particles have an average particle size below 500 nm, for impregnation and thus to Hydrophobing of lignocellulosic materials and in particular of wood are particularly suitable.
  • the invention thus relates to the use of such aqueous dispersions for the impregnation of lignocellulosic materials and in particular of wood.
  • the invention also relates to a process for hydrophobizing lignocellulosic materials, in which the lignocellulosic material is impregnated with such an aqueous dispersion of waxes or waxy polymers.
  • the aqueous dispersions of waxes or waxy polymers used according to the invention are also referred to below as wax dispersions.
  • lignocellulosic materials are characterized by a low uptake of water and also show no or to a much lesser extent exudation of the hydrophobing agent, as occurs in oil-impregnated lignocellulosic materials in weathering, especially at elevated temperatures.
  • the distribution of the wax in the lignocellulosic materials treated according to the invention, in particular in the case of large-sized wood moldings, is more uniform than when using conventional wax emulsions.
  • the lignocellulosic materials obtainable according to the invention, in particular materials made of wood, are therefore likewise the subject matter of the present invention.
  • Aqueous dispersions of waxes or waxy polymers used in accordance with the invention are basically known from the prior art or can be prepared analogously to known processes from high-melting waxes or wax-like polymers.
  • the waxes or waxy polymers contained in the aqueous dispersion are also referred to below as wax component or wax component.
  • Waxy polymers are understood by the person skilled in the art to be polymers which resemble waxes in their physical and chemical behavior, ie. H. they are insoluble in water, can usually melt undecomposed and have a low viscosity in the molten state.
  • the wax component of the dispersion used in the invention is a high melting wax or waxy polymer containing polar functional groups, e.g. As carboxyl groups, hydroxyl groups, aldehyde groups, keto groups, polyether groups or the like, which support the dispersion of the wax component.
  • the wax has neutralizable carboxyl groups.
  • the wax or waxy polymer has an acid number of at least 5 mg KOH / g and in particular in the range of 15 to 250 mg KOH / g.
  • the wax components of the wax dispersions used according to the invention are advantageously comprised of montan waxes, including chemically modified montan waxes and montan ester waxes, oxidate waxes, amide waxes and polar polyolefin waxes were selected. Also suitable are oxidation products of Fischer-Tropsch waxes and Sasol waxes, provided they have a melting point above 75 0 C and especially above 80 0 C. Suitable overall are of course also mixtures of the aforementioned waxes and wax-like polymers, as long as the melting point of the mixture above 75 0 C and in particular above 80 ° C.
  • the polar polyolefin waxes include the oxidation products of nonpolar polyolefin waxes, eg. As oxidation products of polyethylene waxes or polypropylene waxes, which are also referred to as Polyoloxidoxidatwachse, Oxida- te of Fischer-Tropsch waxes and copolymers of olefins, in particular of C 2 -C ⁇ - olefins such as ethylene or propene with oxygen-bearing monomers, eg , B.
  • monoethylenically unsaturated C 3 -C ⁇ -monocarboxylic acids such as acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and optionally vinyl esters of aliphatic C 2 -C 10 carboxylic acids such as vinyl acetate or vinyl propionate, esters of monoethylenically unsaturated C 3 -C ⁇ -mono- carboxylic acids with Ci-Ci ⁇ -alkanols or C 5 -C 12 -cycloalkanols, in particular esters of acrylic acid or of methacrylic acid, such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-propyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, 2-butyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylate, n-hexyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 3-propylheptyl acrylate , Cyclopentyl acrylate,
  • the wax component of the aqueous dispersion to be used according to the invention comprises at least 50% by weight, in particular at least 80% by weight and in particular at least 90% by weight, based on the total weight of the wax constituents contained in the dispersion a polar polyolefin wax.
  • the polar polyolefin wax is selected from polar olefin copolymers and their oxidates, the olefin copolymers being essentially composed of:
  • the monomer proportions given here are each based on the total weight of the monomers constituting the polar polyolefin wax. Essentially, here means that the polymers are at least 95 wt .-%, in particular at least 99 wt .-% and especially exclusively from the aforementioned monomers a), b) and optionally c) are constructed. A person skilled in the art knows, however, that such polymers may contain, in addition to the monomer components, components of the polymerization catalyst (initiator) in copolymerized form.
  • the polar polyolefin waxes have a weight average molecular weight in the range of 1000 to 150000 daltons, often in the range of 2000 to 120,000 daltons.
  • these are by a melt viscosity at 140 0 C in the range of 100 to 10,000 mm 2 / sec (DFG unit method C-IW (68) or non-melting waxy polymers characterized by a minimum melt flow index MFI of at least 1 (at 160 0 C and 325 g load according to DIN 53753).
  • the wax component of the aqueous dispersion to be used according to the invention comprises at least 50% by weight, in particular at least 80% by weight and especially at least 90% by weight, based on the total weight of the wax constituents contained in the dispersion, at least one montan wax, including chemically modified montan waxes and montan ester waxes.
  • the wax component of the aqueous dispersion to be used according to the invention comprises at least 50% by weight, in particular at least 80% by weight and especially at least 90% by weight, in particular to the total weight of the wax components contained in the dispersion, at least one amide wax.
  • the wax component of the aqueous dispersion to be used according to the invention comprises at least 50% by weight, in particular at least 80% by weight and especially at least 90% by weight, based on the total weight of the wax constituents contained in the dispersion, at least one polyolefin oxidate wax.
  • the wax or waxy polymer present in the dispersion according to the invention has a melting point or softening point of at least 75 ° C., preferably at least 80 ° C., especially at least 85 ° C., more preferably at least 90 ° C. and especially at least 100 ° C. Melting points here and below are the values determined according to DIN ISO 3841 by means of DSC or from the cooling curve.
  • the waxes or waxy polymers are used in the form of an aqueous dispersion.
  • the wax components are in the form of a disperse phase, i. H. in the form of the finest particles.
  • these particles have an average particle diameter below 500 nm, in particular below 300 nm, especially below 200 nm and very particularly preferably below 150 nm, z. B. in the range of 20 to 150 nm.
  • the particle sizes given here are weight-average particle sizes, as can be determined by dynamic light scattering. Methods for this purpose are familiar to the person skilled in the art, for example from H. Wiese in D. Distler, Aqueous Polymer Dispersions, Wiley-VC H 1999, Chapter 4.2.1, p. 40ff and literature cited therein and H. Auweter, D. Horn, J. Colloid Interf. Be. 105 (1985) 399, D. Lie, D. Horn, Colloid Polym. Be. 269 (1991) 704 or H. Wiese, D. Horn, J. Chem. Phys. 94 (1991) 6429.
  • the concentration of the wax components in the aqueous dispersion is typically in the range of 5 to 50 wt .-%, often 8 to 40 wt .-%, in particular 10 to 35 wt .-% and especially in the range of 15 to 30 wt. %, based on the total weight of the wax dispersion.
  • Such dispersions are known in principle and are carried out by dispersing the wax or the wax-like polymer in the aqueous phase using high shear forces and / or pressure at elevated temperature, advantageously at temperatures above 70 ° C, in particular above 90 "C 1 z., in the range of 90 to 200 0 C and more preferably in the range of 100 to 160 0 C. in particular, carried out the dispersion of the wax component at tempera- tures above its melting point.
  • aqueous wax dispersions are also commercially available, for example under the trade names Poligen® WE grades from BASF and AquaCer grades from Byk-Cera.
  • the particles of the wax component contain an effect substance and / or an active ingredient
  • the active substance or the effect substance is advantageously first dissolved or uniformly suspended in the wax and then the resulting wax preparation is dispersed in the aqueous phase at the abovementioned temperatures.
  • the pressure applied during dispersion is typically above 1 bar and often ranges from 1.5 to 40 and in particular from 2 to 20 bar.
  • the emulsification is advantageously carried out in the presence of a base.
  • the base is used in an amount such that at least 40% and in particular at least 80% of the carboxylic acid groups present in the wax or waxy polymers are in neutralized form.
  • Suitable bases are, in principle, alkali metal hydroxides, such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, alkaline earth metal hydroxides, such as calcium hydroxide, and ammonia and amines.
  • the amines are advantageously mono-, di- or tri-alkylamines having preferably 1 to 6 and in particular 1 to 4 C atoms in the alkyl radical, mono-, di- or trialkanolamines having preferably 2 to 6 C atoms in the hydroxyalkyl radical Monoalkyldialkanolamines and dialkylmonoalkanolamines of 1 to 12 and in particular 1 to 8 C atoms in the alkyl radical and 2 to 6 C atoms in the hydroxyalkyl radical, furthermore ethoxylated mono- and dialkylamines having preferably 1 to 20 C atoms in the alkyl radical and a degree of ethoxylation of preferably 2 to 60 and in particular 3 to 40.
  • Preferred hydroxyalkyl is in this context Hydroxyethyi and 2-hydroxypropyl.
  • Preferred are those amines which have at least one hydroxyalkyl group and / or one polyethylene oxide group.
  • Examples of preferred amines are diethanolamine, triethanolamine, 2-amino-2-methylpropan-1-ol, dimethylethanolamine, diethylethanolamine, dimethylaminodiglycol, diethylaminodiglycol and diethylenetriamine.
  • the emulsifiers may not be ionic, cationic or anionic, preference being given to anionic emulsifiers and nonionic emulsifiers and mixtures of anionic and nonionic emulsifiers. Particular preference is given to nonionic emulsifiers and mixtures of nonionic emulsifiers with minor amounts, generally less than 40% by weight and especially less than 20% by weight, based on the amount of emulsifier, of anionic emulsifiers.
  • the anionic emulsifiers include, for example, carboxylates, especially alkali, alkaline earth and ammonium salts of fatty acids, eg. B. potassium stearate, which are commonly referred to as soaps; glutamates; Sarcosinates, e.g.
  • nonionic emulsifiers examples include:
  • Glycerol esters such as glycerol monostearate, fatty acid esters of polymeric alkoxylates, in particular of polyethylene oxides with Alkoxil michsgranden from 3 to 100 such.
  • PEG 300 oleate, stearate or laurate, as mono- or diesters, - copolymers alkoxylates of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, eg. B. the Pluronic® brands of BASF,
  • Alkylphenolalkoxylate such as ethoxylated iso-octyl, octyl or nonyl-phenol, tributylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers having degrees of alkoxylation of usually 2 to 100 and especially 3 to 50, - fatty amine alkoxylates, fatty acid and fatty acid diethanol-amide alkoxylates with degrees of alkoxylation of usually 2 to 100 and in particular 3 to 50, in particular their ethoxylates,
  • sorbitol esters such as, for example, sorbitan fatty acid esters (sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan tristearate), polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, alkyl polyglycosides, N-alkylgluconamides,
  • Alkylmethylsulfoxide alkyldimethylphosphine oxides, such as, for example, tetradecyldimethylphosphine oxide.
  • emulsifiers which are to be mentioned by way of example here are perfluoro emulsifiers, silicone emulsifiers, phospholipids, for example lecithin or chemically modified lecithins, amino acid emulsifiers, eg. B. N-lauroylglutamate.
  • alkyl chains of the emulsifiers listed above are linear or branched radicals having usually 6 to 30 and in particular 8 to 20 carbon atoms.
  • Preferred nonionic emulsifiers are in particular alkoxylated and especially ethoxylated alkanols having 8 to 20 carbon atoms, for. Ethoxylated nonanol, isononanol, decanol, 2-propylheptanol, tridecanol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, C16 / 18 fatty alcohol mixtures, wherein the degree of ethoxylation is typically in the range of 5 to 50 and especially in the range of 6 to 30.
  • the amount of emulsifier depends in a manner known per se according to the type of wax to be emulsified and will generally not exceed 15% by weight, in particular 10% by weight, based on the aqueous dispersion. At low acid numbers, especially acid numbers below 100 mg KOH / g and especially below 50 mg KOH / g, z. B.
  • emulsifiers in an amount of 2 to 15 wt .-% and in particular 3 to 10 wt .-%, based on the total weight the aqueous Wachsdis- persion or from 5 to 50 wt .-%, in particular 10 to 40 wt .-%, based on the emulsified wax component, use.
  • the waxes are often self-emulsifying and the emulsifier content is then generally not more than 10% by weight and is advantageously below 3% by weight, in particular below 1% by weight .-% and especially below 0.5 wt .-%, based on the emulsified wax component.
  • the wax particles of the dispersion may also contain active substances or effect substances which, in addition to their natural properties and the hydrophobization achieved by the wax, impart additional properties such as color, improved weathering stability or stability against attack by harmful organisms.
  • the active substances or effect substances are typically organic low molecular weight compounds with molecular weights below 1000 daltons and typically below 500 daltons or inorganic salts or oxides of
  • the effect substances include colorants such as pigments and dyes, as well as UV absorbers, antioxidants, stabilizers, further active against wood-damaging organisms, eg. As insecticides, fungicides and bactericides.
  • Suitable pigments include both organic pigments and inorganic pigments.
  • colorants are:
  • Monoazo pigments such as Cl. Pigment Brown 25, Cl. Pigment Orange 5, 13, 36, 38, 64 and 67; Cl. Pigment Red 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 12, 17, 22, 23, 31, 48: 1, 48: 2, 48: 3, 48: 4, 49, 49: 1, 51: 1, 52: 1, 52: 2, 53, 53: 1, 53: 3, 57: 1, 58: 2, 58: 4, 63, 112, 146, 148, 170, 175, 184, 185, 187, 191: 1, 208, 210, 245, 247 and 251; Cl.
  • Disazo pigments such as Cl. Pigment Orange 16, 34, 44 and 72; Cl. Pigment Red 144, 166, 214, 220, 221 and 242; Cl. Pigment Yellow 12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 81, 83, 106, 113, 126, 127, 155, 174, 176, 180 and 188; Disazo condensation pigments such as Cl. Pigment Yellow 93, 95 and 128; ' CI
  • Anthrapyrimidine pigments such as Cl. Pigment Yellow 108;
  • Quinacridone pigments such as Cl. Pigment Orange 48 and 49; Cl. Pigment Red 122,
  • Quinophthalone pigments such as Cl. Pigment Yellow 138; Diketopyrrolopyrrolpimgente as Cl. Pigment Orange 71, 73 and 81; Cl.
  • Dioxazine pigments such as Cl. Pigment Violet 23 and 37; Cl. Pigment Blue 80;
  • Flavanthrone pigments such as Cl. Pigment Yellow 24; Indanthrone pigments like Cl.
  • Pigment Blue 60 and 64 Isoindoline pigments such as Cl. Pigment Orange 61 and 69, Cl. Pigment Red 260,
  • Isoindolinone pigments such as Cl. Pigment Yellow 109, 110 and 173;
  • Isoviolanthrone pigments such as Cl. Pigment Violet 31;
  • Metal complex pigments such as Cl. Pigment Red 257; Cl. Pigment Yellow 117, 129, 150, 153 and 177; Cl. Pigment Green 8;
  • Perinone pigments such as Cl. Pigment Orange 43; Cl. Pigment Red 194;
  • Perylene pigments such as Cl. Pigment Black 31 and 32; Cl. Pigment Red 123, 149,
  • Phthalocyanine pigments such as Cl. Pigment Blue 15, 15: 1, 15: 2, 15: 3, 15: 4, 15: 6 and 16; Cl. Pigment Green 7 and 36;
  • Pyranthrone pigments such as Cl. Pigment Orange 51; Cl. Pigment Red 216; Pyrazoloquinazolone pigments such as Cl. Pigment Orange 67; Cl. Pigment Red 251; Thioindigo pigments such as Cl. Pigment Red 88 and 181; Cl. Pigment Violet 38; Triaryl carbonium pigments such as Cl. Pigment Blue 1, 61 and 62; Cl. Pigment Green 1; Cl. Pigment Red 81, 81: 1 and 169; and Cl. Pigment Violet 1, 2, 3 and
  • Dyes z.
  • a compilation of suitable disperse dyes can be found for example in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 4th Edition, Vol. 10, pp. 155-165
  • Disperse dyes and solvent dyes which are suitable according to the invention include a wide variety of different classes of dyes having different chromophores, for example anthraquinone dyes, monoazo and disazo dyes, quinophthalones, methine and azamethine dyes, naphthalimide dyes, naphthoquinone dyes and nitro dyes.
  • disperse dyes which are suitable according to the invention are the disperse dyes of the following Color Index list: C I. Disperse Yellow 1 - 228, C. I. Disperse Orange 1 - 148, C I. Disperse Red 1 -
  • Disperse Blue 1 - 97 C I. Disperse Blue 1 - 349, C I. Disperse Green 1 - 9, CI Disperse Brown 1 - 21, C I. Disperse Black 1 - 36.
  • Examples of solvents suitable according to the invention Dyes are the compounds of the following Color Index list: CI Solvent Yellow 2 - 191, C I. Solvent Orange 1 - 113, C I. Solvent Red 1 - 248, CI Solvent Violet 2 - 61, C l. Solvent Blue 2 - 143, C.I.
  • Dyes which are also suitable according to the invention are derivatives of naphthalene, anthracene, perylene, terylene, quarterylene and diketopyrrolopyrrole dyes, perinone dyes, coumarin dyes, Isoindoline and isoindoline dyes, porphyrin dyes, phthalocyanine and naphthalocyanine dyes.
  • UV absorbers As effect substances it is also possible to use UV absorbers, antioxidants and / or stabilizers.
  • UV absorbers are the compounds of the following listed groups a) to g).
  • stabilizers are the compounds of groups i) to q) listed below.
  • the group a) of the 4,4-diarylbutadienes include, for example, compounds of the formula A.
  • the compounds are known from EP-A-916 335.
  • the substituents R 10 and / or Rn are preferably C 1 -C 8 -alkyl and C 5 -C 8 -cycloalkyl.
  • the group b) of cinnamic acid esters includes, for example, isoamyl methoxycinnamate, 2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate, methyl ⁇ -methoxycarbonyl cinnamate, methyl ⁇ -cyano- ⁇ -methyl-p-methoxycinnamate, butyl ⁇ -cyano- ⁇ -methyl- p-methoxy-cinnamate and methyl- ⁇ -methoxycarbonyl-p-methoxycinnamate.
  • the group c) of the benzotriazoles includes, for example, 2- (2'-hydroxyphenyl) benzotriazoles, such as 2- (2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (3 l , 5'-di-tert-butyl) 2'-hydroxyphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (5'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxyphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-5 '- (1, 1, 3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenyl) benzotriazole , 2- (3 L , 5'-di-tert-butyl-2 L -hydroxyphenyl) -5-chloro-benzotriazole, 2- (3'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxy-5 L -methylphenyl) -5 - chloro-benzotriazole, 2- (3'-sec-butyl-5'-tert-butyl-2 l -hydroxyphenyl) -benzotriazo
  • Examples of groups d) of the hydroxybenzophenones include 2-hydroxybenzophenones, such as 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 2,2,4,4'-tetra-hydroxybenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4- (2-ethylhexyloxy) benzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4- (n- octyloxy) benzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-4'-methylbenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-3-carboxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonic acid and its sodium salt, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4,4 1- dimethoxybenzophenone-5,5'-bisulfonic acid and its sodium salt.
  • the group e) of the diphenylcyanoacrylates includes, for example, ethyl-2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate, which is obtainable, for example, commercially under the name Uvinul® 3035 from BASF AG, Ludwigshafen, 2-ethylhexyl-2-cyano-3, 3-diphenylacrylate, which is commercially available, for example, as Uvinul.RTM. 3039 from BASF AG, Ludwigshafen, and 1.S-bis-.beta.-cyano-.sym.-diphenylacryloyoxyloxy-bis-pent-cyano-S '. S'-diphenyl-acryloyl) oxy] methyl ⁇ propane, which is available, for example, commercially under the name Uvinul® 3030 Fa. BASF AG, Ludwigshafen.
  • the group g) of 2-phenyl-1,3,5-triazines include, for example, 2- (2-hydroxyphenyl) -1,3,5-triazines such as 2,4 I 6-tris (2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl) -1 ) 3 l of 5-triazine, 2- (2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl) -4,6-bis (2 l of 4-dimethylpheny! -1,3,5-triazirj, 2- (2,4- Dihydroxyphenyl) -4,6-bis (2,4-dimethylphenyl) -1, 3,5-triazine, 2,4-bis (2-hydroxy-4-propyloxyphenyl) -6- (2,4-dimethylphenyl) -1 , 3,5-triazine, 2- (2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl) -4,6-bis (4-methylphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2- (2-hydroxy-4-dodec
  • the group h) of the antioxidants includes, for example:
  • Alkylated monophenols such as, for example, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-tert-butyl-4,6-dimethylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol, 2,6-di- tert -butyl-4-n-butylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-isobutylphenol, 2,6-dicyclopentyl-4-methylphenol, 2- ( ⁇ -methylcyclohexyl) -4,6-dimethylphenol, 2, 6-dioctadecyl-4-methylphenol, 2,4,6-tricyclohexylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methoxymethylphenol, unbranched or branched in the side chain nonylphenols such as 2,6-di-nonyl-4-methylphenol , 2,4-dimethyl-6- (1-methylundec-1-yl) -phenol I
  • Alkylthiomethylphenols such as 2,4-dioctylthiomethyl-6-tert-butylphenol, 2,4-dioctylthiomethyl-6-methylphenol, 2,4-dioctylthiomethyl-6-ethylphenol, 2,6-didodecylthiomethyl-4-nonylphenol.
  • Hydroquinones and alkylated hydroquinones such as 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenol, 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone, 2,5-di-tert-amylhydroquinone, 2,6-diphenyl-4-octadecyloxyphenol , 2,6-di-tert-butylhydroquinone, 2,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4 - hydroxyphenyl stearate, bis- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) adipate.
  • Tocopherols such as ⁇ -tocopherol, ⁇ -tocopherol, ⁇ -tocopherol, ⁇ -tocopherol and mixtures thereof (vitamin E).
  • Hydroxylated thiodiphenyl ethers such as 2,2'-thio-bis (6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol), 2,2'-thio-bis (4-octylphenol), 4,4'-thio-bis (6- tert-butyl-3-methylphenol), 4,4'-thio-bis (6-tert-butyl-2-methylphenol).
  • Alkylidene bisphenols such as 2,2'-methylenebis (6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis (6-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol), 2,2 ' -Methylene-bis [4-methyl-6- ( ⁇ -methylcyclohexyl) phenol], 2,2'-methylenebis (4-methyl-6-cyclohexylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis (6-nonyl 4-methylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis (4,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 2,2'-ethylidenebis (4,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 2,2 ' Ethylidene bis (6-tert-butyl-4-isobutylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis [6- (a-methylbenzyl) -4-nonylphenol], 2,2'-methylene-bis [6- (benzothiazole) ⁇ , ⁇ - dimethylbenzyl)
  • Benzyl compounds such as 3,5,3 ', 5'-tetra-tert-butyl-4,4'-dihydroxydibenzyl ether, octadecyl-4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylbenzylmercaptoacetate, tri-decylM-hydroxy-S. ⁇ -di tert -butylbenzylmercaptoacetate, tris (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) amine, IS ⁇ -TrKS.S-di-tert-butyl-m-hydroxybenzyO ⁇ , ⁇ -trimethylbenzene, di- (3,5- Di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) sulfide, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylmercaptoacetic acid isooctyl ester, bis (4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylbenzyl) dithiol ter
  • Hydroxybenzylated malonates such as dioctadecyl-2,2-bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzyl) malonate, di-octadecyl-2- (3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylbenzyl ) - malonate, di-dodecylmercaptoethyl-2,2-bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) malonate, bis (II) SS-tetramethylbutylpheny () - bi (-) di-tert -butyM-hydroxybenzyl) malonate.
  • Hydroxybenzyl aromatics such as 1,3,5-tris- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) -2,4,6-trimethylbenzene, 1,4-bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl) tert -butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) -2,3,5,6-tetramethylbenzene, 2 1 4,6-tris (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) phenol.
  • Triazine compounds such as 2,4-bis (octylmercapto) -6- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanilino) -1, 3,5-triazine, 2-octylmercapto-4,6-bis (3 , 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanilino) -1, 3,5-triazine, 2-octylmercapto-4,6-bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenoxy) -1,3 , 5-triazine, 2,4,6-tris (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenoxy) -1, 3,5-triazine, 1, 3,5-tris (3,5-di tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) isocyanurate, 1,3,5-tris (4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylbenzyl) isocyanurate, 2,4,6-tris (3,5
  • Benzyl phosphonates such as dimethyl 2,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl phosphonate, diethyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl phosphonate ((3,5-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl) - 4-hydroxyphenyl) methyl) lphosphonic acid diethyl ester), dioctadecyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonate, dioctadecyl-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-3-methylbenzylphosphonate, calcium salt of 3,5-di tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonic acid monoethyl ester.
  • Acylaminophenols such as 4-hydroxy-lauric acid anilide, 4-hydroxystearic acid anilide, 2,4-bis-octylmercapto-6- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanilino) -s-triazine and octyl-N- (3 , 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) -carbamate.
  • Esters of ß- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid with monohydric or polyhydric alcohols such.
  • Thiapentadecanol trimethylhexanediol, trimethylolpropane, 4-hydroxymethyl-1-phospha-2,6,7-trioxabicyclo [2.2.2] octane.
  • Esters of ß- (5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl) propionic acid with mono- or polyhydric alcohols such.
  • Esters of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid with mono- or polyhydric alcohols such as.
  • Amides of .beta .- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid such as. N, N'-bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl) hexamethylenediamine, N, N'-bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl) -trimethylenediamine, N, N'-bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl) -hydrazine, N, N'-bis [2- (3- [3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl ] - propionyloxy) ethyl] -oxamide (eg Naugard® XL-1 from Uniroyal).
  • vitamin C Ascorbic acid (vitamin C)
  • Amine antioxidants such as N, N'-di-isopropyl-p-phenylenediamine, N, N'-di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine, N, N'-bis (1,4-dimethylpentyl) -p- phenylenediamine, N, N'-bis (1-ethyl-3-methylpentyl) -p-phenylenediamine, N, N'-bis (1-methylheptyl) -p-phenylenediamine, N, N'-dicyclohexyl-p-phenylenediamine, N , N'-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N, N'-bis (2-naphthyl) -p-phenylenediamine, N-isopropyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N- (1,3-dimethylbutyl) -N '-phenyl-
  • the group i) of the sterically hindered amines include, for example, 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 1-allyl-4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 1-benzyl-4-hydroxy 2,2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) succinate, bis (1 , 2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl sebacate, bis (1-octyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, bis (1, 2,2,6,6-pentamethyl 4-piperidyl) -n-butyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl malonate (n-butyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-benzyl-malonic acid bis (1
  • the group j) of the metal deactivators includes, for example, N, N'-diphenyloxalic diamide, N-salicylal-N'-salicyloyl-hydrazine, N, N'-bis (salicyloyl) hydrazine, N, N'-bis (3,5 di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl) hydrazine, 3-salicyloylamino-1, 2,4-triazole, bis (benzylidene) oxalyl dihydrazide, oxanilide, isophthaloyl dihydrazide, sebacoyl bisphenyl hydrazide, N, N'-diacetyl adipic dihydrazide, N, N Bis (salicyloyl) oxalic acid dihydrazide, N, N'-bis (salicyloyl) thiopropionyl dihydrazi
  • the group k) of the phosphites and phosphonites includes, for example, triphenylphosphite, diphenylalkylphosphites, phenyldialkylphosphites, tris (nonylphenyl) phosphite, trilaurylphosphite, trioctadecylphosphite, distearylpentaerythritol diphosphite, tris (2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, diisodecylpentaerythritol diphosphite, bis (2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis (2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, diisodecyl pentaerythritol diphosphit
  • the group I) of the hydroxylamines include, for example, N, N-dibenzylhydroxylamine, N, N-diethylhydroxylamine, NN-dioctylhydroxylamine, N, N-dilaurylhydroxylamine, N, N-ditetradecylhydroxylamine, N, N-dihexadecylhydroxylamine, N, N-dioctadecylhydroxylamine, N-hexadecyl-N octadecylhydroxylamine, N-heptadecyl-N-octadecylhydroxylamine, N-methyl-N-octadecylhydroxylamine, and NN-oxyalkylhydroxylamine from hydrogenated tallow fatty amines.
  • the group m) of the nitron include, for example, N-benzyl- ⁇ -phenyl nitrone, N-ethyl- ⁇ -methyl nitrone, N-octyl- ⁇ -heptyl nitrone, N-lauryl- ⁇ -undecyl nitrone, N-tetradecyl- ⁇ -tridecyl nitrone, N Hexadecyl- ⁇ -pentadecylnitrone, N-octadecyl- ⁇ -heptadecylnitrone, N-hexadecyl- ⁇ -heptadecylnitrone, N-octadecyl- ⁇ -pentadecylnitrone, N-heptadecyl- ⁇ -heptadecylnitrone, N-octadecyl- ⁇ -hexadecylnitrone, N-methyl - ⁇ -hepta
  • the group n) of the amine oxides includes, for example, amine oxide derivatives as described in US Patent Nos. 5,844,029 and 5,880,191, didecylmethylamine oxide, tridecylamine oxide, tridodecylamine oxide and trihexadecylamine oxide.
  • the group o) of the benzofuranones and indolinones includes, for example, those described in U.S.
  • the group p) of thiosynergists include, for example, dilauryl thiodipropionate or distearyl thiodipropionate.
  • the group q) of the peroxide-destroying compounds includes, for example, esters of ⁇ -thiodipropionic acid, for example the lauryl, stearyl, myristyl or tridecyl ester, mercaptobenzimidazole or the zinc salt of 2-mercaptobenzimidazole, zinc dibutyl dithiocarbamate, dioctadecyl disulfide, pentaerythritol tetrakis ( ⁇ dodecylmercapto) propionate.
  • esters of ⁇ -thiodipropionic acid for example the lauryl, stearyl, myristyl or tridecyl ester
  • mercaptobenzimidazole or the zinc salt of 2-mercaptobenzimidazole zinc dibutyl dithiocarbamate
  • dioctadecyl disulfide pentaerythritol tetrakis ( ⁇ dodecylmer
  • aqueous dispersions to be used according to the invention may contain, in addition to the wax constituents, one or more active substances which are suitable for protecting wood or comparable lignocellulosic materials from infestation or destruction by harmful organisms.
  • Ophiostoma sp. e.g., Ophiostoma piceae, Ophiostoma piliferum
  • Ceratocystis sp. eg Ceratocystis coerules cens
  • Aureobasidium pullulans Sclerophoma sp.
  • Sclerophoma pityophila eg Sclerophoma pityophila
  • Deuteromycetes such as Aspergillus sp. (eg Aspergillus niger), Cladosporium sp. (eg, Cladosporium sphaerospermum), Penicillium sp.
  • Penicillium funiculosum Trichoderma sp. (eg Trichoderma viride), Alternaria sp. (eg Alternaria altemata), Paecilomyces sp. (eg Paecilomyces variotii); Zygomycetes such as Musc sp. (eg Mucor hiemalis);
  • Wood-destroying mushrooms like Chaetomium sp. (e.g., Chaetomium globosum), Humicola sp. (eg Humicola grisea), Petriella sp. (eg Petriella seti- fera), Trichurus sp. (eg Trichurus spiralis); Basidiomycetes such as Coniophora sp. (e.g., Coniophora tenuna), Coriolus sp. (eg Coriolus versicolor), Gloeophyllum sp. (eg Gloeophyllum trabeum), Lentinus sp. (eg Lentinus lepideus), Pleurotus sp.
  • Chaetomium sp. e.g., Chaetomium globosum
  • Humicola sp. eg Humicola grisea
  • Petriella sp. eg Petriella seti- fera
  • Trichurus sp.
  • Poria sp. eg Poria placenta, Poria vaillantii
  • S ⁇ ula sp. eg, Serpula lacrymans
  • Tyramyces sp. eg Tyromyces palustris
  • fungicidal active ingredients insecticidally active ingredients and bactericides, in particular:
  • Fungicides from the following groups:
  • Oicarboximides such as iprodione, myclozoline, procymidone, vinclozolin;
  • Acylalanines such as benalaxyl, metalaxyl, ofurace, oxadixyl; Amine derivatives such as aldimorph, dodine, dodemorph, fenpropimorph, fenpropidin, guazatine, iminoctadine, spiroxamine, tridemorph;
  • Anilinopyrimidines such as pyrimethanil, mepanipyrim or cyprodinil;
  • antibiotics such as cycloheximide, griseofulvin, kasugamycin, natamycin, polyoxin and streptomycin; Azoles (conazoles) such as azaconazole, bitertanol, bromoconazole, cyproconazole,
  • Heterocyclic compounds such as anilazine, benomyl, boscalid, carbendazim, carboxin, oxycarboxin, cyazofamide, dazomet, dithianone, famoxadone, fenamidone, fenarimol, fuberidazole, flutolanil, furametpyr, isoprothiolane, mepronil, radinol, probenazole, proquinazide, pyrifenox, Pyroquilon, Quinoxyfen, Silthiofam,
  • Nitrophenyl derivatives such as binapacryl, dinocap, dinobutone, nitrophthalic-isopropyl;
  • Phenylpyrroles such as fenpiclonil and fludioxonil
  • 2-Methoxybenzophenones as described in EP-A 897,904 by the general formula I, z. Eg metrafenone; Unclassified fungicides such as acibenzolar-S-methyl, benthia-valicarb, caryropamide, chlorothalonil, cymoxanil, diclomethine, diclocymet, diethofencarb, edifenphos, ethaboxam, fenhexamide, fentin-acetate, fenoxanil, ferimzone, fluazinam, fosetyl, fosetyl-aluminum, iprovaficarb, hexachlorobenzcl , Metrafenone, Pencycuron, Propamocarb, Phthalide, Toloclofos-Methyl,
  • Strobilurins as described in WO 03/075663 by the general formula I, z.
  • azoxystrobin dimoxystrobin, fluoxastrobin, kresoximomethyl, metominostrobin, orysastrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin and trifloxystrobin;
  • Sulfenic acid derivatives such as captafol, captan, dichlofluanid, folpet, tolylfluenotide;
  • Cinnamic acid amides and analogues such as dimethomorph, flumetover, flumorph;
  • WO 99/41255 or WO 03/004465 are each described by the general formula I;
  • Amide fungicides such as cyflufenamide and (Z) -N- [ ⁇ - (cyclopropylmethoxyimino) -2,3-difluoro-6- (difluoromethoxy) benzyl] -2-phenylacetamide;
  • Iodine compounds such as diiodomethyl-p-tolylsulfone, 3-iodo-2-propynyl alcohol, 4-chlorophenyl-3-iodopropargylformal, 3-bromo-2,3-diiodo-3-propenylethylcarbonate, 2,3,3-triiodoallylalcohol, 3-bromo -2,3-diiodo-2-propenyl,
  • Phenol derivatives such as tribromophenol, tetrachlorophenol, 3-methyl-4-chlorophenol, dichlorophene, O-phenylphenol, m-phenylphenol, 2-benzyl-4-chlorophenol;
  • Isothiazolinones such as N-methylisothiazolin-3-one, 5-chloro-N-methylisothiazolin-3-one, 4,5-dichloro-N-octylisothiazolin-3-one, N-octylisothiazolin-3-one;
  • Pyridines such as 1-hydroxy-2-pyridinethione (and its Na, Fe, Mn, Zn salts), tetrachloro-4-methylsulfonylpyridine;
  • Metal soaps such as tin, copper, zinc naphthenate, octoate, 2-ethylhexanoate, oleate, phosphate, benzoate; • organotin compounds, e.g. B. tributyl (TBT) tin compounds such as tributyltin and tributyl (mononapthenoyloxy) tin derivative;
  • TBT tributyl
  • Nitriles such as 2,4,5,6-tetrachloroisophthalodinitrile; Benzothiazoles such as 2-mercaptobenzothiazole; Quinolines such as 8-hydroxyquinoline and their Cu salts;
  • Insecticides from the following groups:
  • Organophosphates such as azinphos-methyl, azinphos-ethyl, chlorpyrifos, chloropyrifos-methyl, chlorfenvinphos, diazinon, dimethylvinphos, dioxabenzofos, disulfotone, ethion, EPN, fenitrothion, fenthion, heptenophos, isoxathione, malathion,
  • Pyrethroids such as bifenthrin, cyfluthrin, cycloprothrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, esfenvalerate, ethofenprox, fenpropathrin, fenvalerate, cyhalothrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, permethrin, silafluofen, tau-fluvalinate, tefluthrin, tralomethrin, alpha-cypermethrin;
  • Arthropod growth regulators a) chitin synthesis inhibitors z.
  • B. benzoylureas such as chlorofluorazuron, diflubenzuron, flucycloxuron, flufenoxuron, hexaflumuron, lufenuron, novaluron, teflubenzuron, triflumuron; Buprofezin, diophenolane, hexythiazox, etoxazole, clofentazine; b) ecdysone antagonists like
  • Halofenozide methoxyfenozide, tebufenozide; c) juvenoids such as pyriproxyfen, methoprene; d) lipid biosynthesis inhibitors such as spirodiclofen;
  • Neonicotinoids such as flonicamid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, thiomethoxam, nithiazine, acetamiprid, thiacloprid; •
  • Other unclassified insecticides such as abamectin, acequinocyl, amitraz, azadirachtin, bifenazate, cartap, chlorfenapyr, chlordimeform, cyromazine, dihidthiuron, diofenolan, emamectin, endosulfan, fenazaquin, formetanate, formetanate hydrochloride, hydramethylnone, indoxacarb, piperonyl butoxide , Pyridabene, Pymetrozine, Spinosad, Thiamethoxam, Thiocyclam, Pyridalyl, Fluacryprim, Milbemectin, Spirosmesifen, Flupyr
  • Bactericides z. B. isothiazolones such as 1,2-benzisothiazol-3 (2H) -one (BIT), mixtures of 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one with 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and 2-n-octyl-4- isothiazolin-3-one (OIT), further carbendazim, chlorotoluron, 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA), fluometuron, 3-iodo-2-propynyl-butylcarbamate (IPBC), isoproturon, prometry, propiconazole.
  • BIT 1,2-benzisothiazol-3 (2H) -one
  • OIT 2-n-octyl-4- isothiazolin-3-one
  • DBNPA 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide
  • IPBC 3-iodo-2-propyny
  • the wax dispersions used according to the invention may contain the active ingredient (s) or effect substances, if present, in dissolved or dispersed form or, preferably, in the particles of the wax component.
  • the concentration of active substance or effect substance in the dispersion depends in a manner known per se on the desired application and is typically in the range from 0.01 to 50% by weight, in particular in the range from 0.1 to 15% by weight .-%, based on the wax component or in the range of 0.03 to 5 wt .-%, based on the total weight of the dispersion.
  • the concentration is typically in the range from 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the weight of the dispersion, with active ingredients typically in the range from 0.01 to 5% by weight, with UV stabilizers typically in the range from 0.1 to 10% by weight Range of from 0.1 to 5% by weight, and in the case of antioxidants typically in the range of from 0.1 to 5% by weight, based on the weight of the dispersion.
  • the aqueous dispersion additionally comprises at least one crosslinkable compound which is selected from low molecular weight compounds V which contain at least two N-bonded groups of the formula CH 2 OR, in which R is hydrogen or C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, and / or a 1, 2-bishydroxyethane-1, 2-diyl group bridging two nitrogen atoms, precondensates of the compound V and reaction products or mixtures of the compound V with at least one alcohol, the under C 2 -C 6 - polyols and Oligoalkylenglykolen is selected.
  • V low molecular weight compounds
  • V which contain at least two N-bonded groups of the formula CH 2 OR, in which R is hydrogen or C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, and / or a 1, 2-bishydroxyethane-1, 2-diyl group bridging two nitrogen atoms, precondensates of the compound V and reaction products or mixtures of the compound V with at least one alcohol, the under C 2 -C 6
  • Such dispersions are novel and also the subject of the present invention.
  • the crosslinkable constituents contained in such dispersions can be cured in the lignocellulosic material impregnated therewith in spite of the wax component likewise present, thereby obtaining a lignocellulosic material which, in addition to the hydrophobization achieved by the wax, also has improved mechanical stability, improved surface hardness and lower shrinkage - have training behavior.
  • the crosslinkable compounds contained in the aqueous compositions are low molecular weight compounds or oligomers with a low molecular weight, which are generally completely dissolved in water.
  • the Molecular weight of the crosslinkable compound is usually below 400 DaIton. These compounds are believed to allow the compounds to penetrate into the cell walls of the wood and, upon hardening, improve the mechanical stability of the cell walls and reduce their swelling caused by water.
  • crosslinkable compounds V include, but are not limited to:
  • DMDHEU 1,3-bis (hydroxymethyl) -4,5-dihydroxyimidazolidin-2-one
  • DMDHEU 1,3-bis (hydroxymethyl) -4,5-dihydroxyimidazolidinone
  • a C 1 -C 6 -alkyl-N- 1- C 2 -Ce-polyoxy and / or an oligo-C 2 -C 4 -alkylene glycol is modified (modified DMDHEU or mDMDHEU), 1, 3-bis (hydroxymethyl) urea, 1, 3-bis (methoxymethyl) urea; 1-hydroxymethyl-3-methylurea, - 1,3-bis (hydroxymethyl) imidazolidin-2-one (dimethylolethyleneurea),
  • MF resins Tetra (hydroxymethyl) acetylene diurea, - low molecular weight melamine-formaldehyde resins (MF resins) such as
  • Poly (hydroxymethyl) melamine with 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 hydroxymethyl groups and low molecular weight melamine-formaldehyde resins (MF resins) such as poly (hydroxymethyl) melamine with 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 hydroxymethyl groups which are C ⁇ -alkanol a C 2 -C 6 -Polyi and / or a OHgO-C 2 -C 4 - alkylene glycol modified (modified MF resin).
  • the crosslinkable compounds are typically incorporated into the wax dispersion in the form of an aqueous composition.
  • Aqueous compositions of compounds V, their precondensates and their reaction products are known per se, for example from WO 2004/033171, WO 2004/033170, K. Fisher et al. "Textile Auxiliaries - Finishing Agents” Chap. 7.2.2 in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 5th Ed. on CD-ROM, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 1997 and literature cited therein, US 2,731,364, US 2,930,715, H. Diem et al. "Amino-Resins” Chap. 7.2.1 and 7.2.2 in Ullmann's Encyclopaedia of Industrial Chemistry, 5th Ed.
  • the crosslinkable compound is urea compounds having at each nitrogen atom of the urea unit a group CH 2 OR as defined above, and the reaction products of these urea compounds with Ci-C ⁇ - alkanols, C 2 -C 8 polyols and or oligoalkylene glycols selected.
  • the crosslinkable compound is 1,3-bis (hydroxymethyl) -4,5-dihydroxyimidazolidin-2-one and one with a CrC ⁇ -alkanol a C 2 -C 6 -PoIyOl 1 and / or a modified polyalkylene glycol
  • polyalkylene glycols 1, 3-bis (hydroxymethyl) -4,5-dihydroxyimidazolidin-2-one selected.
  • polyalkylene glycols are, in particular, the below-mentioned oligo- and poly-C 2 -C 4 -alkylene glycols.
  • MDMDHEU are reaction products of 1,3-bis (hydroxymethyl) - 4,5-dihydroxyimidazolidin-2-one with a C r C ⁇ -alkanol, a C 2 -C 6 -POIyl, an oligoethylene glycol or mixtures of these alcohols.
  • Suitable C 1- ⁇ - alkanols are, for example, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol and n-pentanol, preference is given to methanol.
  • Suitable polyols are ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1, 2 and 1, 3-propylene glycol, 1,2-, 1,3-, and 1, 4-butylene glycol, glycerol.
  • Suitable polyalkylene glycols are, in particular, the oligo- and poly-C 2 -C 4 -alkylene glycols mentioned below.
  • DMDHEU is mixed with the alkanol, the polyol or the polyalkylene glycol.
  • the monohydric alcohol, the polyol, or the oligo- or polyalkylene glycol are usually used in a ratio of 0.1 to 2.0, in particular 0.2 to 2 molar equivalents, based on DMDHEU.
  • the mixture of DMDHEU, the polyol or the polyalkylene glycol is usually reacted in water at temperatures of preferably 20 to 70 0 C and a pH of preferably 1 to 2.5, wherein the pH after the reaction in the rule to a Range is set from 4 to 8.
  • the crosslinkable compound is at least 2-fold, e.g. 2-, 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-fold, especially a 3-methylolated melamine (poly (hydroxymethyl) melamine) and one with a C 1 -C 6 alkanol, a C 2 -C 6 -Polayl, and / or a polyalkylene glycol-modified poly (hydroxymethyl) melamine selected.
  • polyalkylene glycols are, in particular, the oligo- and poly-C 2 -C 4 -alkylene glycols mentioned below.
  • the aqueous compositions used according to the invention may also contain one or more of the abovementioned alcohols, eg. B. C r C ⁇ - alkanols, C 2 -C 6 -PoIyOIe, oligo- and polyalkylene glycols or mixtures of these alcohols.
  • Suitable C 1-4 alkanols are, for example, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol and n-pentanol, preference being given to methanol.
  • Suitable polyols are ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,2- and 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,2-, 1, 3, and 1, 4-butylene glycol, glycerol.
  • Suitable oligo- and polyalkylene glycols are, in particular, oligo- and poly-C 1 -C -alkylene glycols, especially homo- and cooligomers of the ethylene oxide and / or of the propylene oxide, which are optionally in the presence of low molecular weight starters, eg. B.
  • aliphatic or cycloaliphatic polyols having at least 2 OH groups such as 1,3-propanediol, 1, 3- and 1, 4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1, 6-hexanediol and glycerol, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, erythritol, and pentaerythritol, and also pentites and hexites, such as ribitol, arabitol, xyNt, dulcitol, mannitol and sorbitol, and inositol or aliphatic or cycloaliphatic polyamines having at least 2 -NH 2 groups, such as diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, propylenediamine-1,3, dipropylenetriamine , 1,4,8-triazooctane, 1,5,8,12-tetraazadodecan
  • the concentration of the crosslinkable compounds in the aqueous dispersion is usually in the range from 5 to 30% by weight, frequently in the range from 5 to 20% by weight and in particular in the range from 10 to 20% by weight. , based on the total weight of the dispersion. If the dispersion contains one of the abovementioned alcohols, its concentration is preferably in the range from 1 to 10% by weight, in particular in the range from 3 to 8% by weight.
  • the aqueous dispersion comprises one of the aforementioned crosslinkable compounds, it generally contains a catalyst K which brings about the crosslinking of the compound V 1 or of its reaction product or precondensate.
  • catalysts K metal salts from the group of metal halides, metal sulfates, metal nitrates, metal phosphates, Metalltetrafluoroborate; boron trifluoride; Ammonium salts from the group of ammonium halides, ammonium sulfate, ammonium oxalate and diammonium phosphate; and organic carboxylic acids, organic sulfonic acids, boric acid, sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid.
  • metal salts suitable as catalysts K are, in particular, magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, zinc chloride, lithium chloride, lithium bromide, aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, zinc nitrate and sodium tetrafluoroborate.
  • suitable as catalysts K ammonium salts are in particular ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium oxalate and diammonium phosphate.
  • catalysts K are water-soluble organic carboxylic acids such as maleic acid, formic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid and oxalic acid, furthermore benzenesulfonic acids such as p-toluenesulfonic acid, but also inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, boric acid and mixtures thereof.
  • water-soluble organic carboxylic acids such as maleic acid, formic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid and oxalic acid
  • benzenesulfonic acids such as p-toluenesulfonic acid
  • inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, boric acid and mixtures thereof.
  • the catalyst K is selected from magnesium chloride, zinc chloride, magnesium sulfate, aluminum sulfate and mixtures thereof, with magnesium chloride being particularly preferred.
  • the catalyst K is usually added to the aqueous dispersion only shortly before the impregnation of the lignocellulose material. It is usually used in an amount of 1 to 20 wt .-%, in particular 2 to 10 wt .-%, based on the total weight of the curable components contained in the aqueous composition.
  • the concentration of the catalyst, based on the total weight of the aqueous dispersion, is usually in the range of 0.1 to 10 wt .-% and in particular in the range of 0.5 to 5 wt .-%.
  • the invention further relates to a process for hydrophobizing lignocellulosic materials, in which the lignocellulosic material is impregnated with one of the above-described aqueous compositions comprising at least one aqueous dispersion of waxes or waxy polymers having a melting point above 75 ° C., in particular 80 ° C., wherein the dispersed wax particles have an average particle size below 500 nm.
  • the inventive method is basically suitable for hydrophobizing any lignocellulosic materials of any dimensions.
  • the method according to the invention is suitable for impregnating wood.
  • the inventive method allows both the hydrophobization of finely divided materials such as fibers, chips, strands, chips, chips and the like, thin sheet materials with thicknesses ⁇ 5 mm, in particular ⁇ 1 mm as veneers and in particular the impregnation of large-sized parts with minimum dimensions above 1 mm, in particular> 5 mm, especially ⁇ 10 mm.
  • uniform impregnation with the wax component of the wax dispersion is also achieved with these materials, even with large dimensions, whereby penetration depths of the wax component of at least 10 mm, but often also above, are achieved.
  • the wax dispersions used according to the invention are particularly suitable for impregnating wood or wood-based materials, especially for impregnating solid or solid wood.
  • all types of wood are suitable, in particular those which can take up at least 30%, in particular at least 50%, of their dry weight of water and particularly preferably those which are assigned to the impregnability classes (or impregnability classes) 1 or 2 according to DIN EN 350-2 , These include, for example, woods of coniferous trees such as pine, spruce, Douglas fir, larch, pine, fir, coastal fir, cedar, stone pine, as well as woods of deciduous trees, eg.
  • Maple hardmaple, acacia, ayons, birch, pear, beech, oak, alder, aspen, ash, berry, hazel, hornbeam, cherry, chestnut, linden, American walnut, poplar, olive, robinia, elm, walnut, rubber tree , Zebrano, willow, Turkey oak and the like.
  • woods which have already been impregnated with a curable compound and cured. The advantages according to the invention are particularly evident in the following woods: beech, spruce, pine, poplar, ash and maple.
  • the wax dispersions used according to the invention are also suitable for impregnating other, wood-different lignocellulosic materials, for. B. of natural fiber materials such as bamboo, bagasse, cotton stalks, jute, sisal, straw, flax, coconut fibers, banana fibers, reeds, z. As miscanthus, ramie, hemp, Manila hemp, Esparto (Alfagras), rice husks and cork.
  • the impregnation can be done in a conventional manner, for. By immersion, by use of vacuum optionally in combination with pressure or by conventional application methods such as brushing, spraying and the like.
  • the particular impregnation method used naturally depends on the dimensions of the material to be impregnated. Lignocellulosematerialien small dimensions such as shavings or strands and thin veneers, ie materials with a large surface area to volume ratio, can be with little effort, eg. B. impregnate by dipping or spraying, whereas lignocellulosic materials with larger dimensions, in particular materials whose smallest extension is more than 5 mm, z.
  • using pressure in particular by combined application of pressure and vacuum impregnated.
  • the use of elevated temperature is generally not required.
  • the lignocellulosic material For dipping, the lignocellulosic material, optionally after predrying, is immersed in a container containing the aqueous wax dispersion.
  • the dipping is preferably carried out over a period of a few seconds to 24 h, in particular 1 min to 6 h.
  • the temperatures are usually in the range from 15 ° C. to 50 ° C.
  • the lignocellulosic material absorbs the aqueous wax dispersion, the concentration of the non-aqueous constituents (ie wax, optionally active substances and / or effect substances and, if appropriate, curable constituents) in the aqueous dispersion, by the temperature and the duration of treatment, the amount of these constituents taken up by the lignocellulosic material can be controlled.
  • the quantity of constituents actually absorbed can be determined and controlled by the skilled person in a simple manner by means of the weight increase of the veneer and the concentration of the constituents in the aqueous dispersion.
  • Veneers for example, can be pre-pressed by means of press rolls, so-called calenders, which are in the aqueous impregnating composition. The vacuum occurring in the wood when relaxing then leads to an accelerated absorption of aqueous impregnating composition.
  • the impregnation is advantageously carried out by combined use of reduced and elevated pressure.
  • the lignocellulosic material which generally has a humidity in the range of 1% to 100%, first under reduced pressure, which is often in the range of 10 to 500 mbar and in particular in the range of 40 to 100 mbar, with the aqueous dispersion brought into contact, z.
  • reduced pressure which is often in the range of 10 to 500 mbar and in particular in the range of 40 to 100 mbar
  • the time period is usually in the range of 1 minute to 1 hour.
  • a phase at elevated pressure, z. B. in the range of 2 to 20 bar, in particular in 4 to 15 bar and especially 5 to 12 bar, to.
  • the duration of this phase is usually in the range of 1 min to 12 h.
  • the temperatures are usually in the range of 15 to 50 0 C.
  • the lignocellulose sematerial the aqueous wax dispersion, wherein by the concentration of the non-water ingredients (ie, wax, optionally active substance and / or effect substances, and optionally curable components) in the aqueous composition, by the pressure, the temperature and the treatment time, the amount of these components taken up by the lignocellulosic material can be controlled.
  • the amount actually absorbed can also be calculated here by the weight increase of the lignocellulosic material.
  • the impregnation can be carried out by conventional methods for applying liquids to surfaces, for. By spraying or rolling or brushing.
  • the application is usually carried out at temperatures in the range of 15 to 50 0 C.
  • the spraying can be carried out in a conventional manner in all suitable for spraying of flat or finely divided bodies devices, for. B. by means of nozzle arrangements and the like.
  • painting or rolling is the desired Amount of aqueous dispersion with rollers or brushes applied to the sheet material.
  • the impregnation may be followed by a drying and optionally a curing step at elevated temperature. In principle, however, a further processing of the impregnated material can also take place directly on the impregnation.
  • the impregnated lignocellulosic material is a finely divided material that can be used with glue to form parts such as OSB (oriented structural board) boards, chipboards, wafer boards, OSL boards and OSL molded parts ( Oriented Strand Lumber), PSL and PSL (Parallel Strand Lumber) moldings, insulation boards, medium density (MDF) or high density (HDF) fiberboard, wood plastic composites, or the like, or veneer in that it is further processed into a veneer material.
  • OSB oriented structural board
  • chipboards chipboards, wafer boards
  • OSL boards and OSL molded parts Oriented Strand Lumber
  • PSL and PSL Parallel Strand Lumber moldings
  • insulation boards such as medium density (MDF) or high density (HDF) fiberboard, wood plastic composites, or the like
  • MDF medium density
  • HDF high density
  • a curing step it is carried out by heating the impregnated material to temperatures of at least 80 0 C, in particular above 90 0 C, z. B. in the range of 90 to 220 0 C and in particular in the range of 100 to 200 0 C.
  • a separate drying step may be carried out beforehand.
  • the volatile constituents of the aqueous composition in particular the water and excess organic solvents, which do not react in the curing / crosslinking of the urea compounds, partially or completely removed.
  • Predrying in this context means that the lignocellulosic material is dried below the fiber saturation point which, depending on the nature of the material, is about 30% by weight.
  • This predrying counteracts the risk of cracking in large-sized bodies, especially solid wood.
  • the predrying is usually omitted.
  • the predrying is beneficial. If a separate predrying is carried out, this is advantageously carried out at temperatures in the range of 20 to 80 ° C.
  • partial or complete curing / crosslinking of the curable constituents contained in the composition can take place.
  • the combined predrying / curing of the impregnated materials is usually carried out by applying a temperature profile, which may range from 50 0 C to 220 ° C, in particular from 80 to 200 0 C.
  • the curing / drying can be carried out in a conventional fresh air exhaust system.
  • Pre-drying preferably takes place in such a way that the moisture content the impregnated lignocellulosic material after predrying is not more than 30%, in particular not more than 20%, based on the dry matter. It may be advantageous to carry out the drying / curing up to a moisture content ⁇ 10% and in particular ⁇ 5%, based on the dry mass.
  • the moisture content can be easily controlled by the temperature, the duration and the pressure selected during pre-drying.
  • the lignocellulosic materials obtained by the process according to the invention are novel and likewise the subject of the present invention.
  • the inventively treated lignocellulosic materials can, if it is not already ready-made end products are further processed in a conventional manner, in the case of finely divided materials z.
  • shaped articles such as OSB (oriented structural board) boards, chipboard, wafer boards, OSL boards and OSL (Oriented Strand Lumber), PSL and PSL (Parallel Strand Lumber) moldings, insulation boards , medium density (MDF) or high density (HDF) fiberboard, wood-plastic composites (WPC) and the like
  • veneers to veneer materials such as veneered fiberboard, veneered blockboard, veneered particleboard including veneered OSL and PSL panels (oriented parallel beach lumber), plywood, laminated wood, plywood, laminated plywood (eg Kerto plywood), multiplex boards, laminated veneer lumber (LVL), decorative veneered materials such as cladding, ceiling and prefinished parquet but also non-paving , 3-dimensionally shaped components such as plywood moldings, plywood moldings and any other, with at least one
  • impregnated lignocellulosic material is solid wood, this can be processed in the usual way, for. B. by sawing, planing, grinding, etc. According impregnated solid wood is particularly suitable for the production of objects that are exposed to moisture and especially weathering, z.
  • timber, beams, components made of wood for wooden balconies, roof shingles, fences, wooden poles, railway sleepers, in shipbuilding for interior work and deck superstructures.
  • a pine cube which had been sealed at the end faces with a 2-K varnish was weighted and immersed in a commercial wax emulsion having a wax content of about 20 to 25% by weight. Subsequently, within 10 min. the pressure is lowered to 203 mbar absolute and then the vacuum maintained for 1 h. Then relax to normal pressure and leave the wooden cube for a further 4 hours in the wax emulsion. The wet pieces of wood were placed in a roasting tube. This was sealed and provided with a kiei- NEN hole and then for 36 h at 120 0 C stored in a drying cabinet.
  • Wax dispersion 1 about 25 wt .-% aqueous dispersion of an oxidate wax having a melting point of 130 0 C, an acid number of 18, which was stabilized with nonionic emulsifier.
  • Wax dispersion 2 about 25 wt .-% aqueous dispersion of a mixture of two oxidate waxes having a melting point of 94-105 0 C and 102-110 0 C and acid numbers of 19-25 and 15-19, with nonionic Emulsifier was stabilized.
  • Wax dispersion 3 about 25 wt .-% aqueous dispersion of a Montanester- wax having a melting point of 75-85 0 C, which was stabilized with nonionic emulsifier.
  • Wax dispersion 4 about 25% strength by weight aqueous, emulsifier-free, dimethyl ethanolamine-neutralized dispersion of a copolymer of 80% by weight of ethylene and 20% by weight of methacrylic acid, which has an MFI value of 10 (measured at 160 0 C and 325 g load according to DIN 53753).
  • the mean particle size of the wax particles was below 300 nm.
  • the wooden cubes to be examined were sealed with a 2-component lacquer before being impregnated on the end faces, stored in a drying oven for 16 hours at 103 ° C. and then cooled in a desiccator using desiccant. Before the examination, the weight and the dimensions of the wooden cubes were determined.
  • a wooden cube prepared in this way was weighted with a weight and immersed in the wax emulsion described above. It was then within 10 min. the pressure is lowered to 60 mbar absolute and then the vacuum maintained for 1 h. Then relaxed to atmospheric pressure, transferred the wood to be tested and the wax emulsion in an autoclave stored for 1 h at an absolute pressure of 6 bar.
  • the pinewood cubes to be examined were sealed with a 2-component varnish on the end sides, stored in a drying oven at 103 ° C. for 16 hours and then cooled in a desiccator using desiccant. Before the examination, the weight and the dimensions of the wooden cubes were determined.
  • a wooden cube prepared in this way was weighted with a weight and immersed in the wax emulsion described above. It was then within 10 min. the pressure is lowered to 60 mbar and then lowered maintain the vacuum for 1 h. Then relax to normal pressure and leave the cubes for another 4 hours in the wax emulsion.
  • the wet pieces of wood were placed in a roasting tube. This was sealed and provided with a small hole and then stored for 36 h at 120 0 C in a drying oven. Finally, the wooden cubes were allowed to cool in a desiccator over desiccant and determined again the weight and the dimension. The weight change was 4.7%. The size change with respect to the width was 0%, with respect to the height at 0.1%. When sawing the cube, a clear penetration of the blue color into the cube interior was evident.
  • Emulsifier in 78.3 parts by weight of water at 95 0 C ago. 50 parts by weight of the resulting wax dispersion were mixed with 30 parts by weight of a concentrated aqueous composition of N, N-bis (hydroxymethyl) -4,5-bishydroxyimidazolin-2-one (Fixapret CP BASF), 1.5 wt Parts of MgCl 2 x 6H 2 O and 17.5 parts by weight of water.
  • the pinewood cubes to be examined were sealed with a 2-component varnish before impregnation at the ends, stored in a drying oven for 16 hours at 103 ° C. and then cooled in a desiccator using desiccant. Before the examination, the weight and the dimensions of the wooden cubes were determined.
  • a wooden cube prepared in this way was weighted with a weight and immersed in the wax emulsion described above. It was then within 10 min. the pressure is lowered to 60 mbar absolute and then the vacuum maintained for 1 h. Then relax to normal pressure and leave the cubes for another 4 hours in the wax emulsion.
  • the wet pieces of wood were placed in a roasting tube. This was sealed and provided with a small hole and then stored for 36 h at 120 0 C in a drying oven.
  • the wooden cubes were then allowed to cool in a desiccator over desiccant and again determined the weight and the dimension. The weight change was 15.6%.
  • the size change with respect to the width was 0.8%, with respect to the height at 0.1%.
  • Example 5 Impregnation with Colored Wax Dispersion with Crosslinker The wax dispersion described in Example 4 was investigated. The preparation of the wooden blocks was carried out as described in Example 4.
  • a pressure-resistant vessel became a prepared pine wood throws! weighted and dipped in wax emulsion described above. It was then within 10 min. the pressure is lowered to 60 mbar absolute and then the vacuum maintained for 1 h. Then relaxed to atmospheric pressure, transferred the wood to be tested and the wax emulsion in an autoclave stored for 1 h at an absolute pressure of 6 bar. Then one relaxed and left the wooden cubes in the wax emulsion for a further 4 hours. The wet pieces of wood were placed in a roasting tube. This was sealed and provided with a small hole and then stored for 36 h at 120 ° C in a drying oven.
  • the wooden cubes were then allowed to cool in a desiccator over desiccant and again determined the weight and the dimension.
  • the weight change was 17%.
  • the size change with respect to the width was 1.2%, with respect to the height at 0%.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne l'utilisation de dispersions de cires aqueuses pour l'imprégnation de matériaux lignocellulosiques. Cette invention concerne également un procédé d'imperméabilisation de matériaux lignocellulosiques, consistant à imprégner le matériau lignocellulosique avec une dispersion de cires aqueuse, ainsi que les matériaux lignocellulosiques ainsi obtenus. Les dispersions aqueuses de cires ou de polymères cireux se caractérisent en ce que la phase cireuse présente un point de fusion supérieur à 75 °C, de préférence supérieur à 80 °C, en particulier supérieur à 90 °C, et les particules de cires dispersées présentent une taille moyenne de particules inférieure à 500 nm.
PCT/EP2006/004014 2005-05-02 2006-04-28 Utilisation de dispersions de cires aqueuses pour l'impregnation de materiaux lignocellulosiques WO2006117158A1 (fr)

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EP1813401A1 (fr) * 2006-01-30 2007-08-01 Rohm and Haas Company Traitement du bois de biocide à base de cire
WO2007137963A1 (fr) * 2006-05-30 2007-12-06 Basf Se Procédé de revêtement de surfaces plastiques ou métalliques
WO2010031508A2 (fr) * 2008-09-16 2010-03-25 Bayer Cropscience Aktiengesellschaft Agents de fumigation insecticides contenant un principe actif sous forme de particules de cire
WO2011015581A1 (fr) * 2009-08-06 2011-02-10 Schomburg Gmbh & Co. Kg Adjuvant pour des compositions de ciment
US7939177B2 (en) 2005-10-04 2011-05-10 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Lignocelluosic material which is low in formaldehyde and method for the production thereof
WO2012080188A1 (fr) 2010-12-17 2012-06-21 Bayer Cropscience Ag Composition contenant des particules de cire insecticide
CN106217543A (zh) * 2016-08-28 2016-12-14 桐乡市美意家具有限公司 一种木制家具材料的改性处理方法

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US6465556B1 (en) * 1997-07-01 2002-10-15 Rhodia Inc. Latex made with crosslinkable surface active agent
WO2005102044A1 (fr) * 2004-04-26 2005-11-03 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Composition aqueuse fongicide et son utilisation pour lutter contre des micro-organismes nuisibles

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2740298A1 (fr) * 1995-10-30 1997-04-30 Sarpap Sa Composition de preservation, de protection et de decoration pour le bois
US6465556B1 (en) * 1997-07-01 2002-10-15 Rhodia Inc. Latex made with crosslinkable surface active agent
WO2005102044A1 (fr) * 2004-04-26 2005-11-03 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Composition aqueuse fongicide et son utilisation pour lutter contre des micro-organismes nuisibles

Cited By (13)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7939177B2 (en) 2005-10-04 2011-05-10 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Lignocelluosic material which is low in formaldehyde and method for the production thereof
EP1813401A1 (fr) * 2006-01-30 2007-08-01 Rohm and Haas Company Traitement du bois de biocide à base de cire
US7297193B1 (en) 2006-01-30 2007-11-20 Rohm And Haas Company Wax-biocide wood treatment
WO2007137963A1 (fr) * 2006-05-30 2007-12-06 Basf Se Procédé de revêtement de surfaces plastiques ou métalliques
WO2010031508A2 (fr) * 2008-09-16 2010-03-25 Bayer Cropscience Aktiengesellschaft Agents de fumigation insecticides contenant un principe actif sous forme de particules de cire
WO2010031508A3 (fr) * 2008-09-16 2010-07-29 Bayer Cropscience Aktiengesellschaft Agents de fumigation insecticides contenant un principe actif sous forme de particules de cire
EP2292568A1 (fr) * 2009-08-06 2011-03-09 Schomburg GmbH & Co. KG Additif pour composition cimentière
WO2011015581A1 (fr) * 2009-08-06 2011-02-10 Schomburg Gmbh & Co. Kg Adjuvant pour des compositions de ciment
WO2012080188A1 (fr) 2010-12-17 2012-06-21 Bayer Cropscience Ag Composition contenant des particules de cire insecticide
CN103379823A (zh) * 2010-12-17 2013-10-30 拜耳知识产权有限责任公司 含杀虫剂-蜡颗粒的组合物
CN103379823B (zh) * 2010-12-17 2016-06-29 拜耳知识产权有限责任公司 含杀虫剂-蜡颗粒的组合物
US9451764B2 (en) 2010-12-17 2016-09-27 Bayer Intellectual Property Gmbh Composition comprising insecticide-wax particles
CN106217543A (zh) * 2016-08-28 2016-12-14 桐乡市美意家具有限公司 一种木制家具材料的改性处理方法

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