WO2006116985A1

WO2006116985A1 - Hydraulic plant and method for production of energy

Info

Publication number: WO2006116985A1
Application number: PCT/DE2006/000762
Authority: WO
Inventors: Kay Gräf
Original assignee: Graef Kay
Priority date: 2005-05-03
Filing date: 2006-05-02
Publication date: 2006-11-09
Also published as: EP1880103A1; DE112006001757A5; DE102005028281A1

Abstract

The aim of the invention is production of a hydraulic plant by means of which more water is pumped into a water reservoir than necessary for the operation of the plant and hence the excess water in the water reservoir is used as a drive means for one or more turbine units. The hydraulic plant comprises a trough (1) filled with water, a water reservoir (2) and a cylinder unit (3). A piston (10) with a rod (11) works in the cylinder unit. Water is pumped from the cylinder unit (3) into the water reservoir (2) by means of the various valves (5, 15, 17, 23, 26) and arrangements for changing the lifting force of the piston unit. The excess water from the water reservoir (2) is used to drive a turbine (7). The hydraulic plant is used for production of energy.

Description

Water applications and methods for generating energy

Water system and method for generating energy by using a water reservoir and a cylinder unit connected to each other with a cylinder unit with a freely movable piston unit using gravity and buoyancy.

As an obvious solution of the prior art, the document DE 3123316 Al is to be used. Here is one

Hydroelectric power plant described with preferably circulated water, wherein the water is supplied to the working machine via a downgrade and the leading to the higher level line for the water has a vacuum connection for lifting the water. The vacuum connection can z. B. be a vacuum chamber, which is completed by a deformable membrane towards the water. In addition, a pump may be arranged in the water cycle, the cylinders preferably have in a vacuum moving piston. The lines can also be designed as a hollow cylindrical body and arranged in cascade one behind the other. The outlet of the working machine is connected directly and pressure-tight to the lower end of the line under vacuum.

The invention is based on the problem to provide a water system which pumps without much energy from the outside more water in a water tank as the operation of the water system is necessary and thus the excess water of the water storage can be used as a drive means for one or more turbine units.

The invention makes use of the fact that the buoyancy of a body in a cylinder is given even if the cavity between the inner wall of a cylinder unit and the outer wall of a piston unit is very small. Due to the volumes, the amount of water to be moved is calculable. The invention further utilizes the fact that only a determinable amount of water can flow into the cylinder unit and the remainder of the cylinder unit is filled by the piston unit. The shape of the piston unit ensures that this water can collect in the lower part of the piston unit, in the outer membrane space of the punch, and as a result the buoyancy of the piston unit is largely destroyed. By lowering the punch is achieved that increases the volume of the piston unit again.

The water system is characterized by the fact that except for the control processes no energy is consumed. The system can thus produce energy without emissions and, if it is used frost-free underground, to use in continuous operation.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are listed in claims 2 to 13. Claim 14 includes the method and claims 15 to 18 further developments of

Procedure.

The development according to claim 2 includes the generation of energy at all openings at which a water flow. This optimizes energy utilization. In the development according to claim 3 is a part of

Piston membrane on the outer part of the piston, on which a roller mounted on endless belt is movably arranged. As a result, the mobility of the piston diaphragm is increased. The development according to claim 4 with the use of a valve at the top of the piston unit is used for the controlled emptying of the air from the piston unit. In the development according to claim 5, a control valve is additionally arranged on the water supply from the water tank to the cylinder unit, which contributes to the safe operation of the entire system. Due to the additional arrangement of a lock for the stamp on the cylinder unit according to claim 6, the follow-up phase is additionally secured after the second lifting phase. According to claim 7 All valves and locks can be electrically controlled. Through the development according to claim 8, a rotation of the piston and the punch around its longitudinal axis is prevented by the guide elements. The development according to claim 9 with covers on the cylinder unit and tub is used to use the water system for frost-proof operation and the reduction of evaporation. In the development according to claim 10, the effectiveness of the system is increased by the additional control valve on the water inlet from the water tank to the cylinder unit and by the trough on the cylinder unit. The development according to claim 11 utilizes the resulting by the pressure balance between cylinder unit and tub energy by the compressed air is used either directly via a turbine unit or via a pressure vessel. According to claim 12, the water from the cavity between the piston unit and cylinder unit during movement of the piston in an additional surge tank, which is advantageously arranged on the cylinder unit, are added. In the development according to claim 13 existing in the bottom region of the water reservoir pressure is used via pipelines to allow the regulation and control of the valves and detents and / or to provide a pressure stabilizer on the cylinder diaphragm with the necessary water pressure.

The development according to claim 15 as an extended method makes use of an additional locking of the punch on the cylinder unit between the second lifting phase and the pumping phase. In the development according to claim 16, the resulting in the process of compressed air is used again in the process or used for energy. After the development according to claim 17, the buoyancy and / or the descent of the piston unit is used to generate by other devices of any kind, energy. In the development according to claim 18, the locks are made in terms of locking and solution in a different sequence during the first stroke phase. Several embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1 shows the basic structure of the complete water system in section, Fig. 2 shows the section through the cylinder unit in the second lifting phase and

Fig. 3 shows the section through the cylinder unit in the pumping phase. In a water-filled tub 1 with a water depth of about 4.5 m is centrally a water reservoir 2 in a cylindrical shape of about 10 meters in height and a diameter corresponding to that of a cylinder unit 3 or greater, placed. In addition to the water storage 2 are one or more cylinder units 3, which are each connected via a connecting pipe 4 with the water reservoir 2. In the connecting pipe 4, a control valve 5 is disposed between the water tank 2 and the cylinder unit 3. In addition to the water reservoir 2, a turbine unit 7 is furthermore provided above the water level 6 of the trough 1. At the level of the turbine unit 7, a water inlet 8 is attached with a control valve 22 from the water reservoir 2 in the direction of the turbine unit 7.

The cylinder unit 3 has a height of about 6 m, the highest level of the water level 6, as already mentioned above is located at about 4.5 m. From the water reservoir 2, a water supply line 9 is arranged to a trough 25 at the upper edge of the cylinder unit 3. The inner diameter of the cylinder unit 3 is 1.14 m. Within the cylinder unit 3 is an up and down movable

Piston unit provided, which consists of the piston 10, the plunger 11 and the piston diaphragm 12. At the top of the piston unit, a valve 23 is arranged, which has a connection to the intermediate space between the piston 10 and punch 11 and serves for the controlled emptying of the air from the piston unit. The lower part of the piston unit has a stempeiförmige shape, which is characterized in that it has a height of about I m only a very small volume, for example 0.3 m ³ and the bottom of the punch 11 has a smaller diameter, eg 0 , 75 m, as the cylinder unit has 3. The upper part of the punch 11 is formed as a rod with a height of about 5 m, which passes through the piston 10, wherein the shape of the punch 11 is otherwise oriented so that the center of gravity of the punch 11 is as low as possible to ensure the stability of the piston unit. At the upper end of the punch 11 are a plurality of detents 21, such as movable bolts, with which the punch 11 can be locked in the piston 10.

Above the highest level of the water level 6 of the trough 1 is located on the inner wall of the cylinder unit 3, a detent 19, e.g. formed as a movable bolt and driven electrically or pneumatically, for locking the piston 10. In the height of the highest level of buoyancy of the punch 11, in the bottom region of the punch 11 is located on the inner wall of the cylinder unit 3, a lock 20, for locking the punch 11th ,

The piston 10 has a height of 3 m and an outer diameter of 1.13 m. The piston 10 encloses the rod-shaped part of the punch 11. The piston 10 and the punch 11 may e.g. be guided by means of the piston 10 and the punch 11 incorporated grooves and provided by means provided on the inner wall of the cylinder unit 3 guide rails.

The lower part of the punch 11, the punch bottom, and the lower part of the piston 10 are connected to each other via a flexible piston membrane 12, which has a length of about 2 m. A part of the piston diaphragm 12 is movably arranged over the outer part of the piston 10, on which an endless belt 24 mounted on rollers is mounted. The piston unit has a total weight of eg 3000 kg. In the Design of the punch 11 uses a material of high density, eg iron or steel. The piston 10 is made of the lightest possible and stable material. At the bottom of the cylinder unit 3 to the underside of the punch 11, a preferably folded cylinder diaphragm 13 is attached, which preferably has the shape of a pyramid or truncated cone. The cylinder membrane 13 forms an inner membrane space 27 and an outer membrane space 28 in the cylinder unit 3. The outer membrane space 28 is via the opening 16 and a control valve 17 to the trough 1 and the inner membrane space 28 is through the opening 14 and a control valve 5 in Connecting pipe 4 connected to the water tank 2 and a control valve 15 to the tub 1. In the upper area, the cylindrical membrane 13 has a circular area of about 0.27 m ² as a truncated cone and about 0.35 m ² in the lower area.

The cylinder unit 3 also has over the highest level of the water level 6 of the trough 1 a drain 18 for the cavity between the inner wall of the cylinder unit 3 and

Piston 10 and on its outer side in the region below the water level 6 of the tub 1 a surge tank 31 which has a control valve 32 to the interior of the cylinder unit 3 has a connection.

On the cylinder unit 3, a cover 29 may be arranged in addition. This cover 29 can simultaneously serve for receiving the air escaping from the cylinder unit 3 and for deflecting the air to specific process points. An additional valve 30 can connect to a

Own compressed air system.

The operation of the water system for energy recovery is the following: The cavity between the inner wall of the cylinder unit 3 and piston unit is filled by means of the opening 16 to the cylinder unit 3 via the control valve 17 with water, the piston 10 and the plunger 11 by means of the lock 21st is locked and thereby increases the piston unit by the buoyancy to above the highest level of the water level 6 of the tub 1. This is the so-called lifting phase. In this phase, the piston unit has a volume of 3.3 m ³ , so that at a weight of 3000 kg within the

Cylinder unit is lifted by 0.3 m above the highest water level of the tub 1. This process can also be assisted by the fact that the water flows from the water reservoir 2 into a trough 25, which is mounted above the highest water level 6 of the trough 1 after the control valve 26 and after a turbine unit 7 on the cylinder unit 3 and after inflow of the water in the cylinder unit 3 with the drain 18 closed, the piston unit in the cylinder unit 3 floats by a further approx. 0.3 m above the highest water level 6 of the tub 1.

Subsequently, the piston 10 by means of the lock 19, z. B. locked by movable and electrically or pneumatically driven bolt on the cylinder unit 3 and the opening 16 closed via the control valve 17 and the

Valve 23 opened. The lock 21 of the piston unit is released, whereby the punch 11 drops to the bottom of the cylinder unit 3. As a result, the piston diaphragm 12 is tightened and the water from the cavity flows between the piston unit and cylinder unit via the drain 18 in the tub 1. In this phase, the weight of the punch (about 2900 kg) acts on the water column in the cylinder unit 3. Due to the Diameter of the punch 11, this force is so great that the piston diaphragm 12 tightens and the water from the cavity between the piston unit and cylinder unit 3 via the drain 18 into the tub 1 can flow.

By tightening the piston diaphragm 12, the volume of the piston unit increases up to 4.9 m ³ . This phase is the so-called volume phase.

Subsequently, the piston unit is locked by means of the lock 21, the valve 23 is closed and the lock 19 of the piston 10 is released on the cylinder unit 3. Via the opening 16 to the cylinder unit 3 via the control valve 17 and the opening 14 via the control valve 15, water flows into the cavity between the inner wall of the cylinder unit 3 and the piston unit and into the inner membrane space 27 and into the outer membrane space 28, whereby the piston unit up to 2 m above the highest water level of the tub 1, as a second lifting phase, is lifted.

With a corresponding volume of water in the tub 1 and by the return flow of water from the water tank 2, the water level in the tub 1 can be kept approximately constant.

Subsequently, the punch 11 is locked to the cylinder unit by the lock 20. The openings 16 to the cylinder unit 3 via the control valve 17 and the opening 14 via the control valve 15 are closed and the valve 23 is opened. The lock 21 of the piston 10 and punch 11 is released and the control valve 32 to the expansion tank

31 is opened, so that a portion of the water from the cavity between the piston unit and cylinder unit 3 flows into the surge tank 31, the piston 10 drops by its own weight and the voltage escapes from the piston diaphragm 12 and the still in the cavity between the piston unit and cylinder unit water flows into the cavity on the piston diaphragm 12 of the punch 11. Subsequently, the lock 20 of the punch 11 is released on the cylinder unit 3 and the control valve 5 is opened in the connecting pipe 4, whereby the piston unit sinks by its own weight, the water located in the cavity of the cylinder unit around the punch 11 flows around and the water from the inner membrane space 27 is pumped into the water tank 2. This is the so-called pumping phase. Thereafter, the control valve 5 and the valve 23 is closed.

Since there is only a small amount of water in the cylinder unit 3, this amount of water in the cavity of the Piston diaphragm 12 are received. The piston unit has now lost most of its buoyancy and acts by gravity on the cylinder diaphragm 13 a. By the weight of the piston unit, about 3000 kg, plus the weight of the located in the cylinder unit 3

Water, about 700 kg, less the buoyancy of the punch 11 acts on the cylinder diaphragm 13, a pressure of up to 1 bar, so that in the water tank 2, a water column of up to 10 m can be achieved.

The same process is repeated continuously and the water from the water reservoir 2 drives on the water inlet 8 to the turbine unit 7 to this and then collects in the tub. 1

The energy gain over the turbine unit 7 thus results from the difference of the water column of 10 m to the highest water level 6 of the tub 1 of about 4 m.

Finally, it should be noted that the number of cylinder units 3 in the tub 1 and the shape of the cylinder unit 3 and the piston unit is irrelevant. Cylinder unit 3 and piston 10 could also be designed polygonal. It is also irrelevant in what form and where below the highest level of

Water level 6 of the tub 1 of the inlet to the cylinder unit 3 takes place. It is also conceivable that the cylinder unit 3 is partially made of lamellae, each of which is rotatable about its longitudinal axis. Compilation of the reference numerals

1 - tub

2 - Water storage 3 - Cylinder unit

4 - Connecting pipe

5 - control valve

6 - Water level of the tub

7 - turbine unit 8 - water inlet to the turbine unit

9 - Water supply to the cylinder unit

10 - piston

11 - stamp

12 - piston diaphragm 13 - cylinder diaphragm

14 - Opening of the cylinder diaphragm

15 - Control valve of the cylinder diaphragm

16 - opening of the cylinder unit

17 - Control valve of the cylinder unit 18 - Drain

19 - locking piston

20 - locking stamp

21 - locking piston unit

22 - control unit of the turbine unit 23 - valve

24 - endless belt

25 - Cylinder unit 26 - Control valve

27 - inner membrane space 28 - outer membrane space

29 - Cover

30 - valve

31 - Expansion tank

32 - Control valve of the expansion tank

Claims

Claims:

1. water system for energy production, characterized by the following features: - in a tank filled with water (1) is a water reservoir (2) and next to at least one cylinder unit (3), both in the bottom area with a connecting pipe (4) with an integrated control valve (5) are interconnected and continue to be next to the water reservoir (2) but above the highest level of the

Water level (6) of the tub (1) arranged turbine unit (7), wherein the water reservoir (2) in the region of the turbine unit (7) a water inlet (8) with a control valve (22) to the turbine unit (7) and above the highest elevation of Cylinder unit (3) has a water supply (9) from the water reservoir (2) to the cylinder unit (3),

- The cylinder unit (3) in the interior at the height of the cavity of the cylinder unit (3) at least half-filling and in the cylinder unit (3) up and down movable piston unit, wherein the piston unit of a piston (10) and a punch ( 11), consisting of a punch bottom and a rod perpendicular thereto, which is surrounded by the piston (10) freely movable, and are connected by a piston diaphragm (12) between the lower part of the piston (10) and the punch bottom movable together , and the piston (10) and the plunger (11) by locks (21) can be locked and the piston unit to the inner wall of the ZyIIndereinheit (3) has only a very small distance and

- Between the outside of the stamp base and the bottom of the cylinder unit (3) a folded cylinder membrane (13) is arranged, the remaining space between the bottom of the punch (11) and the bottom of the cylinder unit (3) in two membrane spaces, an inner membrane space (27) and an outer membrane space (28) divided and the inner merαbranraum (27) in the bottom of the cylinder unit (3) has an opening (14) between a control valve (15) to the tub (1) and a control valve (5) in the connecting pipe (4) and the outer diaphragm space (29) also in the bottom of the cylinder unit (3) has an opening (16) with a control valve

(17) to the trough (1) and - on the inner wall of the cylinder unit (3) has a

Lock (19) for locking the piston (10) is located and

- above the highest level of the water level (6) of the tub

(1) the cylinder unit (3) has a drain (18) for the water in the cavity between the inner wall of the cylinder unit (3) and the piston unit.

2. Water installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the opening to the cylinder diaphragm (14) and / or the opening (16) to the cylinder unit (3) and / or the water supply (9) and / or the outlet (18) a turbine unit (7 ).

3. Water installation according to one of the preceding claims, that a part of the piston diaphragm (12) on the outer part of the piston (10), on which there is an endless belt (24) mounted on rollers, is arranged to be movable.

4. Water installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the upper side of the piston unit, a valve (23) is arranged, which has a connection to the intermediate space between the piston (10) and punch (11).

5. Water installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the valve (30) has a connection to a Druckluftanläge.

6. Water installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the inner wall of the cylinder unit (3) is a detent (20) for locking the punch (11).

7. Water installation according to one of the preceding claims, d a d u r c h e g e k e n e c e s in that all valves (5, 15, 17, 23, 26) and all detents (19, 20, 21), z. B. movable bolts are electrically controlled.

8. Water installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner wall of the cylinder unit (3) guide elements for piston (10) and punch (11) and the piston (10) and the punch (11) also mating guide elements, such as. Guide rails and guide grooves, owns.

9. Water installation according to one of the preceding claims, d a d u r c h e c e n e c e s in that all water system parts such as tub (1), water reservoir (2) and cylinder unit (3) are covered.

10. Water installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the cylinder unit (3) above the highest level of the water level (6) a trough (25) is arranged, the a water inlet (9) from the cylinder unit (3) to the tub ( 25) having a control valve (26).

11. Water installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the cylinder unit (3) a cover (29) with a valve (30) is arranged.

12. A water installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a compensation tank (31) with a control valve (32) is arranged on the cylinder unit (3).

13. Water installation according to one of the preceding claims, that a line connection leads from the bottom region of the water reservoir (2) to a central pressure accumulator of the control and regulating system of the valves and detents and / or to a pressure stabilizer of the cylinder diaphragm (13).

14. A method for generating energy by means of the water system according to claim 1 to 13, characterized in that the cavity between the inner wall of the cylinder unit (3) and piston unit with the piston (10), the punch (11) and the piston diaphragm (12) by means of the opening (16) via the control valve (17) is filled with water, wherein the piston (10) and the punch (11) by means of the lock (21) is locked and the piston unit by the buoyancy, as a so-called first lifting phase up to the highest level the water level (6) of the trough (1) rises, and then the piston (10) by means of the lock (19) on the cylinder unit (3) is locked and the opening (16) via the control valve (17) to the cylinder unit (3) closed, the valve (23) is opened and the lock (21) of the piston unit is released, whereby the punch (11) drops to the bottom of the cylinder unit (3) and thereby tightened the piston diaphragm (12) and thus the volume of the piston unit is increased, as a so-called volume phase, and the water from the cavity between the piston unit and cylinder unit (3) via the drain (18) flows into the trough (1), and then locks the piston unit by means of the lock (21) and the valve (23 ) is closed and the locking (19) of the piston (10) on the cylinder unit (3) is dissolved and via the opening (16) via the control valve (17) and the opening (14) via the control valve (15) water in the cavity between the inner wall of the cylinder unit (3) and the piston unit and in the inner diaphragm space (27) and the outer membrane space (28) flows, whereby the

Piston unit above the highest level of the water level (6) of the tub (1), as a so-called second lifting phase, is lifted,

and then the opening (16) via the control valve (17) and the opening (14) via the control valve (15) are closed, the valve (23) is opened and the lock (21) of the piston unit dissolved and the control valve (32) to the expansion tank (31) is opened, so that the water from the cavity between the piston unit and cylinder unit (3) flows into the surge tank (31) and the piston (10) by its own weight drops and the voltage escapes from the piston diaphragm (12) and the water in the surge tank (31) flows into the outer membrane space (28) between the piston (10) and plunger (11) and the control valve (32) to the surge tank (31) and the valve (23) is closed, and then the control valve (5) in the connecting tube (4) is opened, whereby the piston unit by its own weight drops, the water in the cavity of the cylinder unit (3) around the punch (11) flows around and the water from the internal Me Room (27) is pumped into the water tank (2), as a so-called pumping phase, and then the same process is constantly repeated and the water from the water reservoir (2) via the water inlet to the turbine unit (8) drives the turbine unit (7) and then in the tub (1) is collected again.

15. A method for generating energy as claimed in claim 14, wherein after the second stroke phase, the punch (11) adjoins the

Cylinder unit (3) by the lock (20) is locked and after the sinking of the piston (10) and the filling of the resulting cavity between the piston (10) and punch (11) with water, the lock (20) of the punch (11) is released and then the pumping phase takes place.

16. A method for generating energy according to claim 14 and 15, characterized in that the air between the cylinder unit (3) and the piston unit when opening the openings (16, 14) of the cylinder unit (3) by the different pressure between the cylinder unit (3) and trough (1) in the cover (29), is compressed as a pressure vessel and this compressed air is used to control the Arretierungsvorgänge, for bracing the piston diaphragm or for power generation.

17. A method of energy recovery according to claim 14 to 16, d a d u r c h e c e n e z e c h e n e that the buoyancy and / or the descent of the piston unit is used to other devices, such. B. to drive a linkage with a flywheel, thus generating energy.

18. A method for generating energy according to claim 14, characterized in that in the first lifting phase of the punch with the lock (20) is locked and the lock (21) is released and the valve (23) is opened and the cavity between the inner wall of the cylinder unit (3) and piston unit is filled by means of the opening (16) via the control valve (17) with water and the piston (10) rises by the buoyancy and tightens the piston diaphragm (12) and then the lock (21) is locked and the lock (20) is released and the piston unit above the highest water level (6) of the trough (1) rises and then runs the volume phase.