WO2006111920A2

WO2006111920A2 - A compressor

Info

Publication number: WO2006111920A2
Application number: PCT/IB2006/051186
Authority: WO
Inventors: Tolga Gungor; Husnu Kerpicci; Bora Abdik; Fatih Akbas
Original assignee: Arcelik Anonim Sirketi
Priority date: 2005-04-18
Filing date: 2006-04-17
Publication date: 2006-10-26
Also published as: WO2006111920A3

Abstract

The present invention relates to a compressor (1), the lubrication, cooling and operational performance of which is enhanced by directly delivering the lubricant (Y) to the movable and heated components.

Description

Description A COMPRESSOR

[001] The present invention relates to a compressor, the lubricating, cooling and operational performance of which is enhanced by delivering the fluid to the heated and moving components.

[002] There are components in the compressors, which are moving continually and therefore are heated. The lubrication and cooling of these components have an effect on the operational performance.

[003] The compression process in the hermetic compressors utilized in refrigerators is provided by way of a crank mechanism, via a piston that makes a pumping motion within a cylinder. In these applications, in certain crank rotational angles, the refrigerant sucked into the cylinder when the suction valve plate is opened, fills into the cylinder until the piston reaches the lower dead point, and as the piston moves from the lower dead point to the higher dead point, the refrigerant sucked into the cylinder is compressed and is discharged out of the cylinder through the exhaust valve plate that opens just before the piston reaches the higher dead point. Outside the cylinder, the refrigerant filling up the cylinder head with increased pressure and temperature leaves the cylinder head through the exhaust discharge port. During this phase, the reception of the refrigerant into the cylinder with low temperature increases the efficiency and capacity of the compressor. Since the high temperature exhaust gas increases the temperature of the body, especially around the proximity of the cylinder, by thermal conduction, the body heated with the exhaust gas leads to the decrease of volumetric efficiency, which in turn results in the consumption of more power by the compressor, thus lowering the COP (coefficient of performance) by increasing the temperature of the refrigerant fluid entering the cylinder.

[004] In state of the art United States of America Patent no. US5039285, the description is given for guiding the lubricating oil, which is sucked and carried upwards by the crankshaft, towards the cylinder by the help of the ports on the crank and the connecting rod, and the connecting rod.

[005] In state of the art United States of America Patent no. US4493226, and the

European Patent no. EP558806, the description of a crank is given comprising a channel, extending from the bottom end to the top that enables the sucked lubricating oil to be collected at the top parts.

[006] The aim of the present invention is to design a compressor, the lubricating, cooling and operational performance of which is enhanced by directly delivering the fluid to the movable and heated components.

[007] The compressor designed to fulfill the objective of the present invention is il- lustrated in the attached figures, where: [008] Figure 1 - is the sectional view of a compressor.

[009] Figure 2 - is the perspective view of a guide.

[010] Figure 3 - is the perspective view of a body and a guide.

[011] Figure 4 - is the perspective view of a body and a guide from a different direction.

[012] Figure 5 - is the exploded perspective view of a body, a crank, a carrier element and a protector.

[013] Figure 6 - is the perspective view of a carrier element comprising a channel.

[014] Figure 7 - is the perspective view of a carrier element not comprising a channel.

[015] Figure 8 - is the bottom perspective view of a carrier element with a protector attached on. [016] Figure 9 - is the A-A sectional view of a carrier element and a protector fixed to each other.

[017] Figure 10 - is the pers{

[018] Figure 11 - is the persj other.

[019] Elements shown in figi

1. Compressor

2. Cylinder

3. Cylinder head

4. Suction muffler

5. Valve table

6. Guide

7. Carrier element

8. Protector

9. Body

10. Crank

11. Channel

12. Latch

13. Latch housing

14. Retainer hole

15. Crank opening

16. Discharge orifice

17. Piston

18. Connecting rod

19. Crank pin

20. Motor

21. Guide socket 22. Shell

23. Collector

24. Discharge outlet

[020] In household appliances, preferably in refrigerators, the circulation of the circulation fluid used for cooling is carried out by a compressor (1).

[021] The compressor (1) comprises a motor (20) providing its actuation, a crank (10) rotated by the motor (20), a connecting rod (18) fixed to the crank (10) that transfers the rotational movement received from the crank (10) to a different direction, a cylinder (2) receiving and pumping the circulation fluid, a piston (17) connected to the connecting rod (18) and pumping the circulation fluid via being activated by the connecting rod (18), a crank pin (19) connecting the piston (17) and the connecting rod (18) to each other, a cylinder head (3) situated on the cylinder (2) that circulates the sucked and pumped circulation fluid, a valve table (5) upon which the cylinder head (3) is positioned, a suction muffler (4), preferably made of plastic material, which enables the circulation fluid to reach the cylinder (2) without heating up and preventing the noise that may be generated by the refrigerant gas, a body (9) upon which the components are assembled, a shell (22) surrounding to contain the body (9) and the components within for protection, and a discharge outlet (24) that allows the lubricant (Y) sucked by the rotational movement of the crank (10) and delivered to the upper parts, to leave the crank (10), one or more guides (6) positioned so that it surrounds the section where the discharge outlet (24) hurls the lubricant (Y) during the rotational movement of the crank (10), enabling the collection of the lubricant (Y) without being spread around the crank (10) and to deliver or guide the collected lubricant (Y) over the components that move or are overheated.

[022] The guide (6) comprises a crank opening (15) inside which the crank (10) is positioned so that it can rotate freely, at least one carrier element (7) that serves as a platform for the lubricant (Y) hurled by the crank (10) to be collected on and delivered towards the components to be cooled, and one or more discharge orifices (16) that provides the lubricant (Y) received from the discharge outlet (24) and collected on the carrier element (7) to be transferred over the components to be cooled.

[023] In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the guide (6) provides the lubricant (Y) hurled by the crank (10) to be delivered towards the cylinder (2) that operates in high temperature values.

[024] In an embodiment of the present invention, the carrier element (7) is assembled on the body (9).

[025] In another embodiment of the present invention, the carrier element (7) is assembled on the shell (22).

[026] In another embodiment of the present invention, the guide (6) comprises at least one collector (23) situated around the crank opening (15), that serves to collect the lubricant (Y) sucked in by the crank (10) and hurled out from the discharge outlet (24).

[027] In another embodiment of the present invention, the guide (6) comprises at least one channel (11) situated on the carrier element (7), that serves to deliver the lubricant (Y) hurled from the discharge outlet (24) and collected on the carrier element (7) to the discharge orifice (16).

[028] In another embodiment of the present invention, the guide (6) comprises a protector

(8) that covers the carrier element (7), preventing the lubricant (Y) delivered by the crank (10) being hurled to reach unwanted sections, allowing it to fall on the carrier element (7) to be collected and serving for the regular transfer of the lubricant (Y), avoiding the lubricant (Y) hurled by the crank () to be mixed with the circulation fluid. Consequently the mixing of the circulation fluid pumped into the cylinder (2) with the lubricant (Y) during the lubrication of the piston (17), especially around the proximity of the cylinder (2), can be prevented.

[029] In another embodiment of the present invention, the guide (6) comprises one or more latches (12) and latch housings (13) corresponding to the latches (12) providing for the connection of the carrier element (7) and the protector (8) to each other.

[030] In another embodiment of the present invention, the guide (6) comprises one or more retainer holes (14) helping for fixing it on the body (9). The body (9) comprises one or more guide sockets (21) that serve for the positioning and fixing of the guide (6). In the embodiment of the present invention, after the piston (6), the connecting rod (18), the crank (10) and other components are assembled, the guide (6) is positioned in the guide socket (21) and is fixed on the body (9) preferably via being firmly bolted in three places by the bolt screws placed in the retainer holes (14).

[031] In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the crank (10) bears against the body (9) is also bears against the crank opening (15). Hence some of the lubricant (Y) hurled by the crank (10) and collected in the collector (23) seeps from the crank opening (15) to lubricate the crank (10) from the gap between the crank (10) and the crank opening (15). Furthermore, the lubricant (Y) collected in the collector (23) is prevented from oozing out, leaving the crank opening (15).

[032] In another embodiment of the present invention, a conical shaped carrier element

(7) having sloping lateral surfaces or channels (11) is utilized.

[033] In another embodiment of the present invention, a carrier element (7) is utilized which is connected to the crank opening (15) and the collector (23), having more than one channel (11) and at least one discharge orifice (16) at the end of each channel (11), being directed to different parts to lubricate and cool those parts.

[034] In another embodiment of the present invention, a carrier element (7) is utilized which is connected to the crank opening (15) and the collector (23), having at least one channel (11) and having more than one discharge orifices (16) on each channel (11), being directed to different parts to lubricate and cool those parts.

[035] The carrier element (7) is shaped so that it minimizes the factors that will hinder the flow of the lubricant (Y) in the flow path starting from the crank opening (15) to the discharge orifice (16) during the flow of the lubricant (Y). Consequently the disruption in the regularity of the flow due to narrowing of sections and boundary layer influences etc. is minimized.

[036] In another embodiment of the present invention, the protector (8) and the carrier element (7) are produced in one piece to form the guide (6) and the guide (6) is fixed on the body (9) as one piece.

[037] With the embodiment of the present invention, the crank (10) rotated by the motor

(20) provides for the sucking of the lubricant (Y) from the lower parts of the shell (22) to be delivered to the upper parts of the crank (10) by way of the channels and holes within the crank (10). The lubricant (Y) hurled from the upper part of the crank (10) flowing from the exhaust outlet (24) onto the guide (6), is delivered to the heated parts situated under the discharge orifice (16). In this manner, the lubricant (Y) rising in the crank (10) flows to the guide (6) and the lubricant (Y) hurled by the crank (10) is prevented from flowing at random, is made to flow over the hottest regions in the body (9), for example right on top of the proximity of the cylinder (2) which is overheated. Hence the lubricant (Y) that flows over the cylinder (2), being comparably cooler than the cylinder (2), provides cooling of the cylinder (2) region. Furthermore, the heat absorbed by the lubricant (Y) is conducted to the shell (22) which is in contact with the outer surroundings and thus to the outside, enabling the inner temperature of the compressor (1) to be lowered, enhancing the efficiency of the compressor (1). As the proximity of the cylinder (2) cools down, the temperature of the circulation fluid delivered into the cylinder (2) is prevented from rising further as compared to its present situation by coming into contact with the cylinder walls and the decrease of density is avoided. In this manner, the amount of the compressed circulation fluid and relatively the volumetric efficiency of the compressor (1) is increased because the energy consumed during compression of the circulation fluid constitutes the most important share in determining the capacity of the compressor (1). Therefore the gain incurred from enhancing the compression process is directly reflected into the thermodynamic efficiency of the compressor (1) and this by definition means an increase of the COP in the compressor (1). Consequently the cooling of the body (9) around the proximity of the cylinder (2) leads to the temperature of the circulation fluid entering into the cylinder (2) to rise less compared to its present value. In consequence the increase in the volumetric efficiency and respectively of the COP is achieved.

[038] With the embodiment of the present invention, the lubricant (Y) flows on the body in a controlled manner by way of the enclosed guide (6) and the problem of pumping the lubricant (Y) is reduced.

[039] With the embodiment of the present invention, the lubricant (Y) that flows on the region of the cylinder (2) lubricates not only the cylinder (2) but also the piston (17) and the crank pin (19) in a regular manner by flowing on the piston (17) when the piston (17) reaches the lower dead point and increases the mechanical efficiency of the compressor (1).

[040] In the embodiment of the present invention, as the guide (6) bears the crank (10), it provides for better lubrication of these parts. Consequently the problem of wearing out of the crank (10) while it is being beared is minimized and the bearing performance is increased.

Claims

[001] A compressor (1) comprising a motor (20), a crank (10) rotated by the motor

(20), a discharge outlet (24) that allows the lubricant (Y) sucked by the rotational movement of the crank (10) and delivered to the upper parts to leave the crank (10), and characterized by one or more guides (6) comprising a body (9) on which the components are assembled, and positioned on the body (9) so that it surrounds the parts where the discharge outlet (24) hurls the lubricant (Y), enabling the collection of the lubricant (Y) without being spread around the crank (10) during the rotational movement of the crank (10) and to deliver and guide the collected lubricant (Y) over the components that move or are overheated.

[002] A compressor (1) according to Claim 1, characterized by a guide (6) having at least one carrier element (7) that provides the lubricant (Y) hurled by the crank (10) to be collected, serving as a platform, and to be delivered towards the sections to be cooled.

[003] A compressor (1) according to Claim 2, characterized by a guide (6) having a crank opening (15) inside which the crank (10) is positioned.

[004] A compressor (1) according to Claim 3, characterized by a guide (6) having one or more discharge orifices (16) that provide the lubricant (Y) received from the crank opening (15) and collected on the carrier element (7) to be transferred so that it flows over the parts to be cooled.

[005] A compressor (1) according to Claim 4, characterized by a guide (6) having at least one collector (23), situated around the crank opening (15), that serves to collect the lubricant (Y) sucked in by the crank (10) and hurled out from the discharge outlet (24).

[006] A compressor (1) according to any one of the above claims, characterized by a guide (6) comprising at least one channel (11), situated on the carrier element (7), that provides the lubricant (Y) hurled out from the discharge outlet (24) and collected on the carrier element (7) to be transferred to the discharge orifice (16).

[007] A compressor (1) according to any one of the above claims, characterized by a guide (6) comprising a protector (8) that covers the carrier element (7), preventing the lubricant (Y) delivered by the crank (10) being hurled to reach unwanted sections, allowing it to fall on the carrier element (7) to be collected and serving for the regular transfer of the lubricant (Y), avoiding the lubricant (Y) hurled by the crank (10) to be mixed with the circulation fluid.

[008] A compressor (1) according to Claim 7, characterized by a guide (6) comprising one or more latches (12) and latch housings (13) corresponding to the latches (12), providing for the connection of the carrier element (7) and the protector (8) to each other and more than one retainer hole (14) helping it to be fixed on the body (9). [009] A compressor (1) according to Claims 4 to 8, characterized by a crank (10) which bears against both the body (9) and the crank opening (15) [010] A compressor (1) according to any one of the above claims, characterized by a body (9) comprising one or more guide sockets (21) that serve for positioning and fixing of the guide (6).