WO2006108353A1 - Procede de mise en oeuvre de commutation de protection bidirectionnelle pour commutation d'etiquette de protocole multiple - Google Patents

Procede de mise en oeuvre de commutation de protection bidirectionnelle pour commutation d'etiquette de protocole multiple Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006108353A1
WO2006108353A1 PCT/CN2006/000649 CN2006000649W WO2006108353A1 WO 2006108353 A1 WO2006108353 A1 WO 2006108353A1 CN 2006000649 W CN2006000649 W CN 2006000649W WO 2006108353 A1 WO2006108353 A1 WO 2006108353A1
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Prior art keywords
protection
bidirectional
protection switching
switching
lsp
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PCT/CN2006/000649
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Suping Zhai
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Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
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Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Priority to CA2570333A priority Critical patent/CA2570333C/en
Priority to DE602006004929T priority patent/DE602006004929D1/de
Priority to EP06722301A priority patent/EP1753203B1/en
Publication of WO2006108353A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006108353A1/zh
Priority to US11/612,342 priority patent/US20070133398A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/22—Alternate routing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/28—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks using route fault recovery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/50—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks using label swapping, e.g. multi-protocol label switch [MPLS]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/40—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass for recovering from a failure of a protocol instance or entity, e.g. service redundancy protocols, protocol state redundancy or protocol service redirection

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of network communication technologies, and in particular, to a method for implementing multi-protocol label switching bidirectional protection switching. Background of the invention
  • MPLS Multi-Protocol Label Switching
  • the 1+1 protection switching refers to: a working traffic (Working traffic) is simultaneously copied to the working label switching path (Working LSP) and the protection label switching path (protection LSP), and the label switching router at the two path aggregation On the (LSR), the working traffic on one of the LSPs is selected to be received.
  • the 1:1 protection switching refers to: The working traffic only appears on the working LSP or the protection LSP.
  • a protection domain includes two endpoints, wherein one end accepting a request handover command sent from the other end and performing a handover action is referred to as a source endpoint of the protection domain, and the other end Then for the protection domain that initiates the clearing switch command End point.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a unidirectional 1 + 1 protection switching structure.
  • ⁇ - is normally set, the receiving end receives the working traffic from the working LSP, if the path is merged
  • the Path Merge LSR detects that the working LSP is faulty
  • the Path Merge LSR starts the protection mechanism switch selection selector (selector) to complete the unidirectional protection. That is, the working LSP switches to the protection LSP, and the working traffic is switched.
  • the transmission is performed on the protection LSP that can work normally.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a one-way 1:1 protection switching structure.
  • the working LSP transmission working flow is selected under normal conditions, when Path Merge with a merge switch
  • the Path Merge LSR starts the protection mechanism and transmits the backward defect indication (BDI) to the path switch LSR.
  • BDI backward defect indication
  • the 801 indication is received.
  • the LSP is switched through the selection switch to complete the protection of the unidirectional path. For details, see the Y.1720 protocol.
  • the protection switching mechanism of the MPLS unidirectional data channel is provided, and there is no corresponding implementation scheme for the protection switching of the MPLS Han data channel.
  • the protection of the unidirectional data channel is implemented by the defect indication, such as BDI.
  • BDI defect indication
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a method for implementing multi-protocol label switching bidirectional protection switching, which can implement a protection switching mechanism of an MPLS bidirectional data channel.
  • a method for implementing multi-protocol label switching bidirectional protection switching comprising:
  • the bidirectional protection switching policy information is configured for the bidirectional label switching path LSP, and the bidirectional working LSP and the bidirectional protection LSP are determined;
  • the bidirectional working LSP is switched to the bidirectional protection LSP according to the configured bidirectional protection switching policy information.
  • the configuration method in the step A is as follows: The configuration of the bidirectional LSP bidirectional protection switching policy information is performed based on the automatic protection switching APS protocol.
  • the bidirectional protection switching policy information described in step VIII includes:
  • Determining the protection domain determining at least two bidirectional LSPs in the determined protection domain, determining that one bidirectional LSP is a working LSP in each bidirectional LSP, and the remaining bidirectional LSPs are protection LSPs;
  • the LSP configures the corresponding protection switching policy information at the starting point or the ending point.
  • the protection switching policy information is: protection LSP information corresponding to the working LSP, and switching condition information required for protection switching.
  • step B The method for determining the need for bidirectional protection switching as described in step B is:
  • the endpoint determines that a protection switching operation is required.
  • the OAM packet includes:
  • the APS protocol domain is used to carry protection switching information determined based on the APS protocol.
  • the APS protocol domain includes: a request/status domain, a protection type domain, a request signal domain, and a bridge signal domain.
  • the method further includes:
  • the priority of the protection switching information that is configured by the endpoint that receives the OAM packet is the priority of the protection switching information that is configured in the APS protocol domain of the received OAM packet. Protection switching information has lower priority than its configured protection If the priority of the information is switched, it is determined that the protection switching operation needs to be performed; otherwise, the flow is skipped.
  • the step B specifically includes:
  • the endpoint in the protection domain determines that a bidirectional protection switching is required, and sends a switching request message to its own peer node;
  • the peer node After receiving the switching request message, the peer node switches from the bidirectional working LSP to the bidirectional protection LSP according to the bidirectional protection switching policy information, and returns a response message to the endpoint that sends the switching request message;
  • the endpoint After receiving the response message, the endpoint performs a corresponding protection switching operation locally, and switches from the bidirectional working LSP to the bidirectional protection LSP.
  • the determining that the bidirectional protection switching needs to be performed in the step B includes:
  • the path information after the switching is selected, and the corresponding service is switched. Transfer to the path corresponding to the selected path information.
  • the method further includes:
  • the working path and the protection path are selected according to the information held by the local label switching router LSR, and the corresponding service is simultaneously transmitted through the working path and the protection path, or only through the working path.
  • the OAM4 text is: connection availability certificate or fast link failure detection FFD message
  • step B The method for determining the need for bidirectional protection switching as described in step B is:
  • the method of the present invention effectively protects the MPLS LSP bidirectional data channel, and avoids the delay of the traffic in the two directions when the one-way handover is not equal, thereby ensuring the delay of the bidirectional traffic.
  • the automatic protection switching (APS) protocol introduced by the present invention can cover the protection of the unidirectional data channel of the MPLS LSP, thereby unifying the implementation of the one-way and two-way protection mechanisms.
  • the bidirectional protection switching occurs, the faulty LSP will be idle, so that it can be repaired separately without affecting the normal traffic flow.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a unidirectional 1 + 1 protection switching structure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a unidirectional 1: 1 protection switching structure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a bidirectional 1 + 1 protection switching structure provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a bidirectional 1:1 protection switching structure when LSP1 fails in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a bidirectional 1:1 protection switching structure when LSP2 fails in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 6 is a LSP1 and LSP2 failure in FIG. Schematic diagram of a bidirectional 1:1 protection switching structure;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a bidirectional 1:1 protection switching structure provided by the present invention;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the bidirectional 1: 1 protection switching structure when LSP2 fails in Figure 7. Mode for carrying out the invention
  • the method for implementing the MPLS bidirectional protection switching according to the present invention mainly includes the following steps: First, in the MPLS network, the bidirectional protection switching policy information is configured for the bidirectional LSP based on the APS protocol, and the specific configuration manner is: in the MPLS network, according to the MPLS network, The protection domain needs to be determined, and at least two or more bidirectional LSPs are determined in the protection domain. Each bidirectional LSP includes two LSPs in opposite directions. Each bidirectional LSP is configured as a working LSP and the remaining bidirectional LSPs are used in each bidirectional LSP. To protect the LSP; the two LSPs in the same direction in the two bidirectional LSPs are at the beginning or end. Configure the corresponding protection switching policy information at the point.
  • the protection switching policy information is specifically: the protection LSP information corresponding to one working LSP, and the switching condition information required to protect the handover, such as receiving the protection switching request message, determining that protection switching needs to be performed, and the like. It should be noted that one working LSP can correspond to one or more pieces of protection LSP information.
  • the MPLS network node when the MPLS network node maintains the information carried in the APS protocol domain in the OAM packet according to the received operation, and determines that the protection switching operation needs to be performed at the local node, the MPLS network node performs the bidirectional protection switching operation according to the configured bidirectional protection switching policy information.
  • the APS protocol field in the OAM packet is used to carry protection switching information determined based on the APS protocol.
  • the Function Type field specified in Y.1711 is used to identify the type of OAM message.
  • the Function Type field of the MPLS APS protocol may be a value of 0x9 in hexadecimal or other values, as long as it is pre-agreed. If the function type is 0x9, the current OAM packet is an MPLS APS packet.
  • the APS protocol field in Table 1 is a newly added domain for the present invention, and is octal (Octets), which is used to transmit protection switching information determined by the APS protocol.
  • the format of the APS protocol domain is as shown in Table 2.
  • the APS protocol domain consists of a request/state domain, a protection type domain, a request signal domain, and a bridged signal domain. According to the protection switching needs, the meanings and values of each domain in the APS protocol domain shown in Table 2 are as shown in Table 3:
  • the invention includes two application structures for bidirectional protection switching, namely 1+1 bidirectional protection switching and 1:13 protection switching.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a bidirectional 1 + 1 protection switching structure provided by the present invention.
  • a bidirectional 1 + 1 protection switching structure wherein a selection switch at an end point of a protection domain is based on a protection switching information related to a local LSR configuration, such as whether The unidirectional handover, whether the reversible handover, and the protection switching information carried in the APS protocol packets sent from the peer end of the protection domain are compared, and whether the protection switching is performed.
  • the normal working traffic will exist on both the working LSP and the protection LSP, and it is bidirectional.
  • OAM packets in the existing protocol such as connection availability verification (CV) packets or fast link failures
  • CV connection availability verification
  • FFD fast link failures
  • the CV or FFD is inserted at the beginning of the working LSP and the protection LSP, and the CV or FFD is extracted and analyzed at the end point; the working LSP or the protection LSP is sent, and the CV or FFD message is sent. .
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a bidirectional 1:1 protection switching structure when LSP1 fails in FIG. 3, as shown in FIG. 4, assuming that MPLS A is a source endpoint of a protection domain, and MPLS Z is an endpoint of a protection domain that initiates a request handover command, normally The working traffic is transmitted through LSP1 and LSP2. If the LSP1 in the MPLS A to MPLS Z direction fails, the MPLS Z detects the connection loss defect (dLOC) due to the failure to receive the CV or FFD packet, or detects the path endpoint source identifier cross fault (dTTSI-Mismatch) and the path.
  • dLOC connection loss defect
  • dTTSI-Mismatch path endpoint source identifier cross fault
  • the endpoint source identifies the aggregation fault (dTTSI-Mismerge) and the connection overspeed fault (dExcess).
  • MPLS Z will perform protection switching based on the APS protocol request.
  • the two-stage protection switch that is, the number of information exchanges is twice.
  • the specific process of bidirectional protection switching is:
  • MPLS Z notifies MPLS A related protection switching information through APS protocol packets.
  • MPLS A uses the protection switching information configured by itself and the APS protocol of the received protection switching request.
  • the protection switching information carried in the request/status field in the domain determines that after the protection switching, the switching operation is performed on the selection switch to select LSP4, and the handover completion information is returned to the MPLS Z. It should be noted that if the received protection switching priority is low
  • the protection switching priority configured on MPLS A For example, if the protection switching information configured in MPLS A includes lock protection, it is determined that protection switching is not required.
  • MPLS Z selects LSP3 according to the received handover completion information from MPLS A to switch the local selection switch.
  • the traffic path is switched from the original LSP1 and LSP2 to LSP3 and LSP4.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a bidirectional 1:1 protection switching structure when LSP2 fails in FIG. 3, as shown in FIG. 5, assuming that the working traffic is transmitted through LSP1 and LSP2 under normal conditions, when LSP2 in the direction of MPLS Z to MPLS A fails.
  • MPLS A checks dLOC because it does not receive CV/FFD packets, or detects dTTSI—mismatch, dTTSI—Mismerge or dExcess. At this time, MPLS A requests protection switching through APS protocol, and adopts two-stage protection switching.
  • the specific operation process for switching to protection includes:
  • MPLS A informs the MPLS Z related protection switching information through the APS protocol.
  • the MPLS Z determines the protection switching needs to be performed according to the protection switching information configured by the MPLS Z and the protection switching information carried in the request/status domain in the APS protocol domain of the received protection switching request. Then, the selection switch is switched to select LSP3, and the handover completion information is returned to the MPLS A. It should be noted that if the received protection switching priority is lower than the protection switching priority configured by the MPLS A, for example, the protection switching of the MPLS A configuration is performed.
  • the information includes lock protection, which determines that protection switching is not required.
  • MPLS A selects LSP4 by switching the selection switch of the local end according to the received handover completion information of MPLS Z. At this point, the entire bidirectional handover process is completed.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a bidirectional 1:1 protection switching structure when LSP1 and LSP2 fail in FIG. 3, as shown in FIG. 6, assuming that the working traffic is normally transmitted through LSP1 and LSP2, when When the LSP, that is, both LSP1 and LSP2, fails, three situations may occur: The first case is:
  • MPLS A and MPLS Z detect the faults of LSP1 and LSP2 at the same time, and send a signal to the peer to request the handover.
  • MPLS A and MPLS Z check whether the local handover status information, such as the lockout of protection, is valid to decide whether to switch. If the switch is disabled, the protection switch is performed, and the two ends of the selection switch are simultaneously operated, and the APS response protocol switching information is sent to the other party, indicating that the peer end handover is completed;
  • the local protection switching information is consistent with the protection switching information carried by the peer APS protocol domain, and the switching of the selection switch has been completed without any processing.
  • the second case is:
  • MPLS A first detects the LSP2 failure and initiates an APS protocol request. At this time, the corresponding processing procedure is the same as that of the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the third case is:
  • MPLS Z first detects the LSP1 failure and initiates the APS handover protocol. At this time, the corresponding processing procedure is the same as that of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a bidirectional 1: 1 protection switching structure provided by the present invention, as shown in FIG. 7, which is specifically described as follows.
  • the bidirectional 1:1 protection structure is characterized in that the MPLS A is switched through the switch to select the working traffic through the working LSP or the protection LSP at the source end of the protection domain.
  • the MPLS Z workflow and protection flow are at the other end of the protection domain. Always meet. If CV or FFD is used to detect the connection availability of the LSP, a CV or FFD message is inserted at the beginning of the protection area, and the CV or FFD is extracted and analyzed at the end of the protection area; the working LSP or the protection LSP is sent CV or FFD packet.
  • FIG 8 is a schematic diagram of a bidirectional 1:1 protection switching structure when LSP2 fails in Figure 7, as shown in Figure 8, assuming that the working traffic is transmitted through LSP1 and LSP2 under normal conditions, if LSP2 from MPLS Z to MPLS A fails, At this time, the MPLS A does not receive the CV or the FFD detects the LSP2 fault, and the protection switching is requested through the APS protocol.
  • the two-stage protection switching is adopted.
  • the specific processing of the bidirectional protection switching includes:
  • MPLS A informs the MPLS Z related protection switching information through the APS protocol packet, and the MPLS Z determines the need according to the protection switching information configured by itself and the protection switching information carried in the AQ protocol field in the APS protocol domain of the received protection switching request.
  • the switchover operation is performed to select the LSP4, and the response information is returned to the MPLS A, and the handover is completed.
  • the priority of the protection switchover is lower than that of the MPLS A configuration. For example, if the protection switching information configured in MPLS A includes lock protection, it is determined that protection switching is not required.
  • MPLS A selects LSP3 by switching the selection switch of the local end according to the received information of MPLS Z. At this point, the entire two-way handover process is completed.
  • one-way 1:1 protection switching can also be implemented.
  • the Path Switch LSR In a 1:1 unidirectional protection switch, when a defect is detected at the Path Merge LSR, the Path Switch LSR needs to be notified in reverse to switch.
  • the APS protocol is used to complete the interaction between the two ends.
  • the two ends of the Path Merge LSR and the Path Switch LSR can confirm the priority of the defect application, that is, compare the priority of the local switching information with the switching priority information sent by the peer.
  • the Path Switch LSR determines whether to switch the protection switch. After the comparison protection switching priority information is completed, if the peer priority status is lower than the local one, no switching is performed.

Description

多协议标签交换双向保护切换的实现方法 技术领域
本发明涉及网络通信技术领域， 尤其涉及一种多协议标签交换双向 保护切换的实现方法。 发明背景
随着网络技术的发展， 以太网业务从局域网逐渐向城域网、 电信网 发展。在需求不断增长的下一代以太网业务中，多协议标签交换（MPLS ) 技术依靠其独特的优越性成为首选网络技术。 MPLS优越性主要表现在： 快速恢复性、 网络可扩展性、 服务质量（QoS )业务能力、 业务聚合能 力， 以及业务互操作能力等等。
随着 MPLS技术成为 IP网络多业务承载的关键技术， 为了使操作和 维护（OAM )机制可以保证业务高质量的正常运行， 并可大大减少网络 运营维护费用， MPLS的故障检测和保护倒换成为业界关注的重要课题。
目 前， 在国 际电信联盟-电信标准化分部建议 （ ITU-T Recommendation ) Y.1720中提供了两种基本的 MPLS单向保护机制， 具 体包括： 1+1保护切换结构和 1:1保护切换结构。 其中， 1+1 保护切换 是指： 工作流量 （Working traffic )被同时复制到工作标签交换路径 ( Working LSP )和保护标签交换路径 ( Protection LSP )上， 并在两条 路径聚合处的标签交换路由器（LSR )上， 选择接收其中一条 LSP上的 工作流量； 所述的 1:1保护切换是指： 工作流量仅出现在工作 LSP或保 护 LSP上。 通常， 将具有保护切换结构的区域称为保护域； 保护域包括 两个端点， 其中， 接受从另一端发来的请求切换命令并进行切换动作的 一端， 称为保护域的源端点、 另一端则为发起清求切换命令的保护域的 端点。
图 1为单向 1 + 1保护切换结构示意图， 如图 1所示， 对于单向 1+1 保 护切换结构， ^-设正常情况下， 接收端接收来自工作 LSP上的工作流量， 若路径合并标签交换路由器（ Path Merge LSR )检测到工作 LSP存在故障 时， 在 Path Merge LSR处启动保护机制切换选择开关 （selector )完成单 向保护， 即实现工作 LSP向保护 LSP的切换操作，将工作流量切换到可以 正常工作的保护 LSP上进行传输 , 具体实现可参见 Y.1720协议。
图 2为单向 1 : 1保护切换结构示意图， 如图 2所示， 对于单向 1:1 保 护切换结构， 假设正常情况下， 选择工作 LSP传输工作流量， 当在带有 合并开关的 Path Merge LSR处检测到工作 LSP存在故障时， Path Merge LSR启动保护机制， 向路径交换标签交换路由器（Path switch LSR )方 向传送后向缺陷指示（BDI ) , ?& 8^¥ 111^1收到801指示后， 不管本 地保护 LSP是否处于正常状态，均通过选择开关进行 LSP切换，完成单向 路径的保护， 具体实现可参见 Y.1720协议。
不难看出， 现有 MPLS保护机制中，仅提供了 MPLS单向数据通道的 保护切换机制， 对于 MPLS汉向数据通道的保护切换则没有相应的实现 方案。 而且， 通过缺陷指示如 BDI实现单向数据通道的保护， 对于 1:1保 护切换， 保护域的两端没有确认机制， 源端开关动作只依赖于近端所发 送的 BDI指示， 容易造成误动作， 从而影响业务通信的可靠性。 发明内容 鉴于上述现有技术所存在的问题， 本发明的目的是提供一种多协议 标签交换双向保护切换的实现方法， 能够实现 MPLS双向数据通道的保 护切换机制。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的： 一种多协议标签交换双向保护切换的实现方法， 该方法包括：
A、 在多协议标签交换 MPLS网络中， 为双向标签交换路径 LSP配置 双向保护切换策略信息， 确定双向工作 LSP和双向保护 LSP;
B、 当 MPLS网络中确定需要进行双向保护切换时，根据配置的双向 保护切换策略信息， 从双向工作 LSP切换至双向保护 LSP,
步骤 A中所述配置的方法为： 基于自动保护倒换 APS协议进行双向 LSP双向保护切换策略信息的配置。
步 八中所述双向保护切换策略信息包括：
确定保护域； 在确定的保护域中确定至少两条双向 LSP， 在各条双 向 LSP中确定一条双向 LSP为工作 LSP, 剩余的双向 LSP为保护 LSP; 将 各条汉向 LSP中方向相同的各条 LSP在起点或终点处配置对应的保护切 换策略信息。
所述保护切换策略信息为： 工作 LSP对应的保护 LSP信息， 以及保护 切换时需要具备的切换条件信息。
步骤 B中所述确定需要进行双向保护切换的方法为：
所述保护域中的端点接收到的操作维护 OAM报文显示为需要进行 保护切换操作， 则该端点确定需要进行保护切换操作。
所述 OAM报文包括：
APS协议域， 用于承载基于 APS协议确定的保护倒换信息。
所述 APS协议域包括： 请求 /状态域、 保护类型域、 请求信号域和桥 接信号域。
所述确定需要进行保护切换操作之前， 该方法还包括：
所述收到 OAM报文的端点比较自身已配置的保护切换信息的优先 级，与接收到的 OAM报文的 APS协议域中请求 /状态域携带的保护切换信 息的优先级， 若接收到的保护切换信息的优先级低于自身已配置的保护 切换信息的优先级， 则确定需要进行保护切换操作； 否则，跳出本流程。 所述步骤 B具体包括：
Bl、 所述保护域中的端点确定需要进行双向保护倒换时， 向自身的 对端节点发送倒换请求消息；
B2、 对端节点收到倒换请求消息后， 根据所述双向保护切换策略信 息，从双向工作 LSP切换至双向保护 LSP，并向发送倒换请求消息的端点 返回响应消息；
B3、 所述端点收到响应消息后， 在本地进行相应的保护切换操作， 从双向工作 LSP切换至双向保护 LSP。
步骤 B中所述确定需要进行双向保护切换具体包括：
在保护区域的终点或起点，根据从对端获得的 OAM报文中 APS协议 域中携带的保护倒换信息及本地保存的双向保护切换策略信息， 选择切 换后的路径信息， 并将相应的业务切换到选出的路径信息对应的路径上 传送。
所述步骤 B之前， 该方法还包括：
当 MPLS网络中保护域的终点或起点启动时， 根据本地标签交换路 由器 LSR保存的信息选择工作路径和保护路径， 并将相应的业务同时通 过工作路径和保护路径， 或者仅通过工作路径进行传送。
所述 OAM4艮文为： 连接可用性儉证 艮文或快速链路失效检测 FFD报文；
步 B中所述确定需要进行双向保护切换的方法为：
在 MPLS网络中的工作路径和保护路径起点处插入连接可用性验证
CV或快速链路失效检测 FFD报文；
在所述工作路径和保护路径的终点根据所述 CV/FFD报文确定是否 需要进行保护切换操作。 由上述本发明提供的技术方案可以看出， 本发明方法对 MPLS LSP 双向数据通道实现了有效的保护， 避免了单向切换时两个方向流量的延 时不对等， 从而保证了双向流量的延时处于均等； 同时， 本发明引入的 自动保护倒换（ APS )协议可以覆盖 MPLS LSP单向数据通道的保护 , 从 而统一了单向和双向保护机制的实现。 另外， 本发明中， 当双向保护倒 换发生后， 有故障的 LSP将被闲置， 因此， 可以单独对其进行维修， 而 不会影响正常业务流量。 附图简要说明
图 1为单向 1 + 1保护切换结构示意图；
图 2为单向 1: 1保护切换结构示意图；
图 3为本发明提供的双向 1 + 1保护切换结构示意图；
图 4为图 3中 LSP1发生故障时双向 1 + 1保护切换结构示意图； 图 5为图 3中 LSP2发生故障时双向 1 + 1保护切换结构示意图； 图 6为图 3中 LSP1和 LSP2发生故障时双向 1 + 1保护切换结构示意图； 图 7为本发明提供的双向 1: 1保护切换结构示意图；
图 8为图 7中 LSP2发生故障时双向 1: 1保护切换结构示意图。 实施本发明的方式
本发明所述的 MPLS双向保护切换的实现方法， 主要包括以下步驟： 首先， 在 MPLS网络中， 基于 APS协议为双向 LSP配置双向保护切换 策略信息， 具体的配置方式为： 在 MPLS网络中， 根据需要确定保护域， 在保护域中确定至少两条或两条以上双向 LSP,每条双向 LSP包括两条方 向相反的 LSP; 在各条双向 LSP中配置一条双向 LSP为工作 LSP, 剩余的 双向 LSP为保护 LSP; 将两条双向 LSP中方向相同的两条 LSP在起点或终 点处配置对应的保护切换策略信息。 所述的保护切换策略信息具体为： 一条工作 LSP对应的保护 LSP信息，以及保护切换时需要具备的切换条件 信息如接收到保护倒换请求消息， 则确定需要进行保护切换等等。 需要 说明的是， 一条工作 LSP可以对应一条或多条保护 LSP信息。
然后， 当 MPLS网络节点根据收到的操作维护 OAM报文中 APS协议 域承载的信息， 确定需要在本节点进行保护切换操作时， 则依据配置的 双向保护切换策略信息进行双向保护切换操作。 所述的 OAM报文中的 APS协议域用于承载基于 APS协议确定的保护倒换信息。
为使本发明的目的、 技术方案及优点更加清楚明白， 以下参照附图 并举较佳实施例， 对本发明进一步详细说明。
由于本发明基于 APS协议实现， 为对本发明有清楚的了解， 下面首 先对包含有 APS协议域的 OAM报文的格式进行说明。 包含 APS协议域的 OAM报文格式如表 1所示：
Figure imgf000008_0002
Figure imgf000008_0001
在表 1中， Y.1711中规定的功能类型 （Function Type )域用于标识 OAM报文的类型。 本发明中， 可以将 MPLS APS协议的 Function Type域 取值为十六进制的 0x9， 也可以为其它值， 只要预先约定好即可。 若 Function Type取为 0x9, 则表明当前 OAM报文为 MPLS APS协议报文。
预留（ Reserved )用于 32biWj"齐及扩展使用；路径终点源标识（ TTSI ) 域用于标识路径的源点； 填充（Padding )域用于使长度满足某些介质要 求的最小长度； BIP16用于校验。 其中，表 1中 APS协议域为针对本发明新增加的域，是八进制（ Octets ) 的， 用于传递 APS协议确定的保护倒换信息， APS协议域的格式如表 2所
Figure imgf000009_0002
Figure imgf000009_0001
如表 2所示， APS协议域由请求 /状态 （Request/state ) 域、 保护类型 ( Protection type )域、请求信号( Requested Signal )域和桥接信号 ( Bridged Signal )域四部分组成。 根据保护倒换需要， 表 2所示的 APS协议域中各 个域的含义和取值如表 3所示：
域（Field ) 值 （Value ) 描述 ( Description )
1111 锁定保护 ( LO, Lockout of Protection) 请求 /状态 1110 强制倒换（FS, Forced Switch)
( Request/State ) 1100 信号失效（SF, Signal Fail)
1010 信号劣化（ SD, Signal Degrade )
1000 手工切换（ MS , Manual Switch )
0110 等待恢复（ WTR， Wait to Restore )
0100 训练 （EXER, Exercise )
0010 预留请求（RR, Reverse Request )
0001 不回复（DNR, Do Not Revert )
0000 不请求（NR, No Request )
Figure imgf000010_0001
基于上述包含 APS协议域的 OAM报文格式及承载内容信息， 下面将 对本发明方法的具体实现方式进行详细描述。 本发明包括两种双向保护切换的应用结构， 即 1+1双向保护切换和 1:13又向保护切换。
图 3为本发明提供的双向 1 + 1保护切换结构示意图， 如图 3所示， 双 向 1 + 1保护切换结构， 由保护域终点处的选择开关基于本地 LSR配置的 保护切换相关的信息如是否单向切换， 是否可逆切换等和从保护域对端 发来的 APS协议报文中携带的保护倒换信息比较， 决定是否进行保护切 换。
对于 1 + 1保护， 正常的工作流量将同时在工作 LSP和保护 LSP上存 在， 并且是双向的； 如果采用现有协议中的 OAM报文如连接可用性验证 ( CV )报文或快速链路失效检测（FFD )报文检查链路可用性， 则在工 作 LSP和保护 LSP的起点处插入 CV或 FFD， 并在终点处提取分析该 CV或 FFD; 工作 LSP或保护 LSP, 均发送 CV或 FFD报文。
下面将举例说明当缺陷发生时的 1 + 1汉向保护切换机制的具体保 护切换操作处理过程。
图 4为图 3中 LSP1发生故障时双向 1 + 1保护切换结构示意图， 如图 4 所示， 假设 MPLS A为保护域的源端点， MPLS Z为发起请求切换命令的 保护域的端点， 正常情况下通过 LSP1和 LSP2传递工作流量。 如果在 MPLS A至 MPLS Z方向的 LSPl发生故障， MPLS Z由于收不到 CV或 FFD 报文检查到连接丟失缺陷 （dLOC ) , 或者检测到路径端点源标识交叉 错故障 （ dTTSI— Mismatch ) 、 路径端点 源标识聚合故障 ( dTTSI— Mismerge ) 、 连接过速故障 （ dExcess )等， 此时， MPLS Z 将基于 APS协议请求进行保护切换， 采用两段式保护切换即信息交互的 次数为两次。 双向保护切换具体过程为：
MPLS Z通过 APS协议报文通知 MPLS A相关保护倒换信息， MPLS A根据自身配置的保护切换信息， 与接收到的保护切换请求的 APS协议 域中请求 /状态域携带的保护切换信息， 确定进行保护倒换后， 对选择开 关进行切换操作选择 LSP4， 并向 MPLS Z返回切换完成信息； 需要说明 的是， 如果收到的保护切换优先级低于 MPLS A配置的保护倒换优先级， 比如 MPLS A配置的保护倒换信息中包含锁定保护， 则确定不需要进行 保护倒换。
之后， MPLS Z根据接收到的来自 MPLS A的切换完成信息对本端的 选择开关进行切换操作选择 LSP3; 此时， 流量的路径从原来的 LSP1和 LSP2上切换至 LSP3和 LSP4上。
图 5为图 3中 LSP2发生故障时双向 1 + 1保护切换结构示意图， 如图 5 所示， 假设正常情况下通过 LSP1和 LSP2传递工作流量， 当 MPLS Z至 MPLS A方向的 LSP2发生故障时， MPLS A由于收不到 CV/FFD报文而检 查到 dLOC, 或者检测到 dTTSI— Mismatch、 dTTSI— Mismerge或 dExcess, 此时， MPLS A通过 APS协议请求进行保护切换， 采用两段式保护切换， 汉向保护切换的具体操作过程包括：
MPLS A通过 APS协议通知 MPLS Z相关保护倒换信息， MPLS Z根据 自身配置的保护切换信息， 与接收到的保护切换请求的 APS协议域中请 求 /状态域携带的保护切换信息， 确定需要进行保护倒换后，对选择开关 进行切换选择 LSP3 , 并向 MPLS A返回切换完成信息； 需要说明的是， 如果收到的保护切换优先级低于 MPLS A配置的保护倒换优先级， 比如 MPLS A配置的保护倒换信息中包含锁定保护， 则确定不需要进行保护 倒换。
之后， MPLS A根据接收到的 MPLS Z的切换完成信息对本端的选择 开关进行切换操作选择 LSP4, 至此， 整个双向切换过程完成。
图 6为图 3中 LSP1和 LSP2发生故障时双向 1 + 1保护切换结构示意 图， 如图 6所示， 假设正常情况下通过 LSP1和 LSP2传递工作流量， 当双 向 LSP即 LSP1和 LSP2都发生故障时， 可能出现三种情况： 第一种情况为：
MPLS A和 MPLS Z同时检测到 LSP1和 LSP2的故障， 同时向对端发 出 APS请求切换的信号；
根据 APS协议倩求， MPLS A和 MPLS Z检查本地切换状态信息如禁 止切换（Lockout of protection )是否有效， 以决定是否进行切换。 若禁 止切换无效， 则进行保护切换， 两端选择开关同时动作， 同时向对方发 送 APS响应协议切换信息， 指示对端切换完成；
对端收到 APS响应协议切换信息后， 因为本地的保护切换信息和对 端 APS协议域所携带的保护切换信息一致， 并且已经完成选择开关的切 换， 而不作任何处理。
第二种情况为：
MPLS A先检测到 LSP2故障并发起 APS协议请求， 此时， 相应的处 理过程与图 5所示实施例的处理过程相同。
第三种情况为：
MPLS Z先检测到 LSP1故障并发起 APS切换协议， 此时， 相应的处 理过程与图 4所示实施例的处理过程相同；
图 7为本发明提供的双向 1: 1保护切换结构示意图， 如图 7所示， 具 体描述如下。
如图 7所示，双向 1:1保护结构的特点是在保护域源端即 MPLS A通过 开关切换选择工作流量通过工作 LSP或保护 LSP传输，在保护域另一端即 MPLS Z工作流和保护流始终汇合。如果用 CV或 FFD来检测 LSP的连接可 用性， 则在保护区域的起点处插入 CV或 FFD报文， 在保护区域的终点处 提取和分析该 CV或 FFD; 工作 LSP或保护 LSP, 均发送 CV或 FFD报文。
下面对本发明双向 1:1保护切换机制中缺陷发生时的处理过程进行说 明。
图 8为图 7中 LSP2发生故障时双向 1 : 1保护切换结构示意图， 如图 8 所示， 假设正常情况下通过 LSP1和 LSP2传递工作流量， 如果从 MPLS Z 至 MPLS A方向的 LSP2发生故障， 此时， 由于 MPLS A收不到 CV或 FFD 检测到 LSP2故障， 通过 APS协议请求进行保护切换， 采用两段式保护切 换， 双向保护切换的具体处理过程包括：
MPLS A通过 APS协议报文通知 MPLS Z相关保护倒换信息， MPLS Z 根据自身配置的保护切换信息， 与接收到的保护切换请求的 APS协议域 中倩求 /状态域携带的保护切换信息，确定需要进行保护倒换后， 对选择 开关进行切换操作选择 LSP4, 并向 MPLS A返回响应信息， 确定切换完 成； 需要说明的是， 如果收到的保护切换优先级低于 MPLS A配置的保 护倒换优先级， 比如 MPLS A配置的保护倒换信息中包含锁定保护， 则 确定不需要进行保护倒换。
之后， MPLS A根据接收到的 MPLS Z的信息对本端的选择开关进行 切换操作选择 LSP3 , 至此， 整个双向切换过程完成。
基于本发明所述的方法， 同样还可以实现单向 1:1保护切换。
在 1:1单向保护切换中， 在 Path Merge LSR处检测到缺陷时， 需要反 向通知 Path Switch LSR进行开关切换。 用 APS协议完成两端状态信息的 交互， 可以使得 Path Merge LSR和 Path Switch LSR两端确认缺陷申请 优先级情况， 即比较本地的切换信息的优先级和由对端发送来的切换优 先级信息， 最终由 Path Switch LSR决定是否切换保护开关。 完成比较保 护切换优先级信息后，若对端优先级情况低于本地的时，则不进行切换。
以上所述， 仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已， 并非用于限定本发明的 保护范围， 凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所做的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等， 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种多协议标签交换双向保护切换的实现方法， 其特征在于， 该方法包括：
A、 在多协议标签交换 MPLS网络中， 为双向标签交换路径 LSP配置 双向保护切换策略信息， 确定双向工作 LSP和双向保护 LSP;
B、 当 MPLS网络中确定需要进行双向保护切换时， 根据配置的双向 保护切换策略信息， 从双向工作 LSP切换至双向保护 LSP。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 步骤 A中所述配置的 方法为： 基于自动保护倒换 APS协议进行双向 LSP双向保护切换策略信 息的配置。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的方法， 其特征在于， 步骤 A中所述双向保 护切换策略信息包括：
确定保护域； 在确定的保护域中确定至少两条双向 LSP， 在各条双 向 LSP中确定一条双向 LSP为工作 LSP, 剩余的双向 LSP为保护 LSP; 将 各条汉向 LSP中方向相同的各条 LSP在起点或终点处配置对应的保护切 换策略信息。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述保护切换策略信 息为： 工作 LSP对应的保护 LSP信息， 以及保护切换时需要具备的切换条 件信息。
5、 根据权利要求 3所述的方法， 其特征在于， 步驟 B中所述确定需 要进行双向保护切换的方法为：
所述保护域中的端点接收到的操作维护 OAM报文显示为需要进行 保护切换操作， 则该端点确定需要进行保护切换操作。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述 OAM报文包括： APS协议域， 用于承载基于 APS协议确定的保护倒换信息。
7、根据权利要求 6所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述 APS协议域包括： 请求 /状态域、 保护类型域、 请求信号域和桥接信号域。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述确定需要进行保 护切换操作之前， 该方法还包括：
所述收到 OAM报文的端点比较自身已配置的保护切换信息的优先 级，与接收到的 OAM报文的 APS协议域中请求 /状态域携带的保护切换信 息的优先级， 若接收到的保护切换信息的优先级低于自身已配置的保护 切换信息的优先级， 则确定需要进行保护切换操作； 否则，跳出本流程。
9、 根据权利要求 6所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述步骤 B具体包括： Bl、 所述保护域中的端点确定需要进行双向保护倒换时， 向自身的 对端节点发送倒换请求消息；
B2、 对端节点收到倒换请求消息后， 根据所述双向保护切换策略信 息，从双向工作 LSP切换至双向保护 LSP，并向发送倒换请求消息的端点 返回响应消息；
B3、 所述端点收到响应消息后， 在本地进行相应的保护切换操作， 从双向工作 LSP切换至双向保护 LSP。
10、 根据权利要求 6所述的方法， 其特征在于， 步骤 B中所述确定需 要进行双向保护切换具体包括：
在保护区域的终点或起点，根据从对端获得的 OAM报文中 APS协议 域中携带的保护倒换信息及本地保存的双向保护切换策略信息， 选择切 换后的路径信息， 并将相应的业务切换到选出的路径信息对应的路径上 传送。
11、 根据权利要求 6所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述步骤 B之前， 该 方法还包括：
当 MPLS网络中保护域的终点或起点启动时， 居本地标签交换路 由器 LSR保存的信息选择工作路径和保护路径， 并将相应的业务同时通 过工作路径和保护路径， 或者仅通过工作路径进行传送。
12、 根据权利要求 6所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述 OAM报文为： 连接可用性验证 CV报文或快速链路失效检测 FFD报文；
步據 B中所述确定需要进行双向保护切换的方法为：
在 MPLS网络中的工作路径和保护路径起点处插入连接可用性验证 CV或快速链路失效检测 FFD报文；
在所述工作路径和保护路径的终点根据所述 CV/FFD报文确定是否 需要进行保护切换操作。
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