WO2006097611A2 - Formation de films ultraminces greffes sur des surfaces conductrices ou semi-conductrices de l'electricite - Google Patents
Formation de films ultraminces greffes sur des surfaces conductrices ou semi-conductrices de l'electricite Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006097611A2 WO2006097611A2 PCT/FR2006/000547 FR2006000547W WO2006097611A2 WO 2006097611 A2 WO2006097611 A2 WO 2006097611A2 FR 2006000547 W FR2006000547 W FR 2006000547W WO 2006097611 A2 WO2006097611 A2 WO 2006097611A2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D9/00—Electrolytic coating other than with metals
- C25D9/02—Electrolytic coating other than with metals with organic materials
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
- Y10T428/263—Coating layer not in excess of 5 mils thick or equivalent
- Y10T428/264—Up to 3 mils
- Y10T428/265—1 mil or less
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of organic surface coatings, said coatings being in the form of organic films. It is more particularly related to the use of a family of molecules appropriately selected to allow the simple and reproducible formation of ultra thin organic films (that is to say, whose thickness is generally less than ten nanometers or consisting of only a few monomeric layers) by electro-chemical grafting on conductive or semi-conductive surfaces of electricity.
- spin coating processes known as "spin coating” (or related dip coating or spray coating techniques) are not known. require no particular affinity between the deposited molecules and the substrate of interest.In fact, the cohesion of the deposited film is essentially based on the interactions between the constituents of the film, which may for example be crosslinked after deposition to improve stability. techniques are very versatile, applicable to all types of surfaces to cover, and very reproducible.However, they do not allow any effective grafting between the film and the substrate (it is a simple physisorption), and the thicknesses produced are always than 10 nanometers, and spin coating techniques only allow uniform deposits when Ace cover is essentially flat (French patent application FR-A-2,843,757).
- the minimum thicknesses accessible to the "spray coating” techniques are related to the wetting of the surfaces by the sprayed liquid, since the deposit becomes essentially film-forming only when the drops coalesce.
- the thickness of the deposits obtained by immersion depends quite a complex way of a certain number of parameters such as the viscosity of the dipping liquid and the process (speed of withdrawal).
- Other techniques for forming an organic coating on the surface of a support such as plasma deposition described, for example, in the articles of Konuma M., "Technical Plasma Deposition Film", (1992) Springer Verlag, Berlin, and Biederman H.
- the self-assembly of monolayers is a very simple technique to implement (Ulman A., "An introduction to ultrathin organic films from Langmuir-Blodgett films to self-assembly", 1991, Boston, Academy Press).
- This technique requires the use of generally molecular precursors having sufficient affinity for the surface of interest to be coated.
- This will be referred to as a precursor-surface pair, such as sulfur compounds having an affinity for gold or silver, tri-halo silanes for oxides such as silica or alumina, polyaromatics for graphite or nanotubes. carbon.
- the formation of the film is based on a specific chemical reaction between a portion of the molecular precursor (the sulfur atom in the case of thiols, for example) and certain "receptor" sites on the surface.
- a chemisorption reaction ensures the attachment.
- films of molecular thickness (less than 10 ⁇ m) are obtained.
- couples involving oxide surfaces give rise to the formation of very strongly grafted films (the Si-O bond involved in the chemisorption of tri-halo silanes on silica is among the most stable in chemistry), it is This is not the case when one is interested in metals or semiconductors without oxide. In these cases, the interface bond between the conductive surface and the monomolecular film is fragile.
- the self-assembled monolayers of gold thiols desorb as soon as they are heated above 60 ° C., or in the presence of a good solvent at room temperature, or as soon as they are brought into contact with an oxidizing or reducing liquid medium.
- the Si-O-Si bonds are embrittled as soon as they are in aqueous or even wet medium, in particular under the effect of heat.
- Polymer electrografting is a technique based on the electro-induced initiation, polymerization, electro-induced propagation of electro-active monomers on the surface of interest that plays both the electrode and the electrode role.
- Polymerization initiator S.
- Electrografting requires the use of precursors adapted to its initiation mechanism by reduction and propagation, generally anionic since cathodically initiated electrografting is often preferred and applicable to noble and non-noble metals (unlike electrografting by anodic polarization which is only applicable on noble substrates).
- "Impregnated vinyl” molecules that is to say carriers of electron-withdrawing functional groups, such as acrylonitriles, acrylates, vinylpyridines ... are particularly suitable for this process which gives rise to numerous applications in the field of microelectronics or biomedical.
- the adhesion of electrografted films is ensured by a covalent carbon-metal bond.
- the polymerizable nature of the precursor leads to relatively thick electrografted films, that is to say whose thickness is rarely less than 50 nm.
- the polymerization is essential for the formation of the carbon / metal interface bond: it has in fact been shown (G. Deniau et al., "Coupled chemistry revisited in the attempt cathodic electropolymerization of 2-butenenitrile “Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 1998, 451, 145-161) that the mechanism of electrografting proceeds by electroreduction of the monomer on the surface, to give an unstable radical anion, which, if it was not medium of polymerizable molecules, desorbed to return to solution (op.cit.).
- electrografting is the only technique that makes it possible to produce grafted films with specific control of the interface link. Moreover, unlike plasma or photoinduced techniques, electrografting generates its reactive species only in the immediate vicinity of the surface of interest (in the electrochemical double layer, whose thickness is in most cases a few nanometers) .
- reaction mechanism of the electrografting of acrylonitrile by cathodic polarization can be represented by the following scheme A:
- FIGURE A A first figure.
- the grafting reaction corresponds to step 1, where the growth takes place from the surface.
- Step 2 is the main parasitic reaction, which leads to obtaining a non-grafted polymer; this reaction is limited by the use of high concentrations of monomer.
- the growth of the grafted chains is therefore carried out by purely chemical polymerization, that is to say independently of the polarization of the conductive surface which gave rise to the grafting. This step is therefore sensitive to (and is particularly interrupted by) the presence of chemical inhibitors of this growth, in particular by protons.
- reaction (1) reflects the possible tautomerism of the radical -CH 3 of the grafted anion radical which can lead to the following flag:
- Reaction (2) of scheme B leads to the same product but directly via an intermolecular route due to the relative acidity of the crotononitrile protons.
- the electrografting of precursors such as aryldiazonium salts which carry a positive charge, is carried out thanks to a cleavage reaction in their reduced form. salts, to give a radical which is chemisorbed on the surface.
- the electrografting reaction of aryldiazonium salts is electro-initiated and leads to the formation of interface chemical bonds.
- electrografting of aryldiazonium salts does not "need" a coupled chemical reaction to stabilize the chemisorbed species formed as a result of charge transfer, since this species is electrically neutral, and not negatively charged as in the case of a vinyl monomer. It therefore leads - a priori - to a surface adduct / stable aryl group.
- aryldiazonium salts lead to ultra-thin organic films which conduct electricity, and which can therefore grow on them.
- aryldiazonium salts especially in very low thickness ranges, i.e., below 100 nra, and especially below 20 nm.
- the one-to-one relationship between chain thickness and chain length is abusive: the graft density of chains - giving the number of chain feet per unit area - must also be known for the relationship to be effectively one-to-one. It is indeed possible to achieve a given thickness either with very dense chains ("close packing") by controlling only the length of the brush chains, but also with given chain length (possibly important) by controlling the density of grafting (density weak, the chains are "flat" on the surface and give an apparent thickness lower than the length of chain). The control of the length of growing chains - without further considerations - is therefore generally insufficient to control the thickness of the film obtained.
- microelectronics Among the industries interested in ultra-thin films, we can notably mention those of microelectronics.
- the current processes for manufacturing microprocessors rely on the deposition of successive layers, very thin, optionally perforated by lithography so as to obtain selective deposits, both for the manufacture of transistors and for that of the copper interconnection networks between these transistors.
- the race to high processor speeds leads to miniaturize the architecture of all components, so that the successive layers that give birth to themselves are increasingly thin.
- the challenge today is clearly to achieve industrially, on tens of square kilometers per week, layers of less than 10 nanometers with a uniformity control better than 5%.
- Electrografting reactions currently available according to the prior art make it easy to obtain organic films with thicknesses between 10 and 500 nm, on various conductive and semiconductor substrates. Nevertheless, it remains to broaden the range of thicknesses, both towards thicker layers (> 10 micrometers) and finer (fractions of nanometer) in order to meet the demand of the industry, to diversify the properties of use of such materials and therefore their potential applications.
- a film is said to be "organic” if the grafting process by which it is likely to be obtained involves an electrochemical reaction carried out on a compound having an electrograftable carbon represented by the arrow C on the compound below and an electroreductible function schematized by the arrow F on the compound below:
- the present invention relates to the use of organic precursors of the following formula (I);
- R 2 is an electron-withdrawing group
- R 3 , R 4 and R 5 identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl radical or an aryl radical, for the formation, by electrochemical grafting, of a homogeneous organic film on a conductive surface or semi-conductor of electricity.
- the organic film thus formed has a thickness less than or equal to 10 nm.
- the term "electron-withdrawing group” is intended to mean any group capable of stabilizing an anion at position a of this group, the stabilization being able to be effected by delocalization of the electrons (mesomeric effect -M) or by simple electroattractive effect ( -1) or by cleavage of a bond (electrocleavable group).
- groups or functions capable of stabilizing the anion by mesomeric effect such as carbonyls, sulphonyls, amides, nitriles, nitro, esters, carboxylic acids, acid halide, acid anhydride, aryls and heteroaryls; groups or functions capable of stabilizing the anion by virtue of their electronegativity (electroattractive groups) such as halogen atoms, silanes and haloalkyls; electrocleavable groups that stabilize the bond-cladding Pennion such as epoxides, triflates and quaternary ammoniums, and finally the mixed groups or functions that stabilize the anion by several effects, for example the nitriles which are electronegative and allow an effect mesomeric.
- an "alkyl radical” refers to an alkyl group, optionally mono- or polysubstituted, linear, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, said radical possibly containing one or more heteroatoms such as N 7 O or S.
- alkyl radicals there may be mentioned in a nonlimiting manner, the methyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, sec-butyl, rerr-butyl and pentyl radicals.
- an aryl radical refers to an aromatic or heteroaromatic carbon structure, substituted or unsubstituted, consisting of one or more aromatic or heteroaromatic rings each comprising from 3 to 8 atoms.
- substituents of the alkyl and aryl radicals mention may be made, in a nonlimiting manner, of halogen atoms, alkyl, haloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryls, amino, cyano, azido, hydroxy, mercapto , keto, carboxy and methoxy.
- the choice of substituents is based on the following principle: the control of the thickness of an electrografted film assumes that the species grafted immediately after the transfer of charge from the electrode is stable vis-à-vis the medium from which it is derived .
- the grafting and polymer growth reactions by electro-priming are very related: it is the growth of the polymer which stabilizes the grafting (the metal-polymer bond) by moving the carbanion away from the charged metal surface negatively (see diagram A above).
- the inventors have selected the compounds of formula (I) above which have an electroreductable function (graftable) and a sufficiently acidic function to inhibit the anionic polymerization growth reaction.
- the invention generally corresponds to molecular precursors of films whose monoelectronic reduction leads to a species that is stable or stabilized by a reaction that is faster than the propagation of a polymer chain and that the desorption of this grafted species.
- the use of the compounds of formula (I) according to the invention also makes it possible to obtain an organic electrografted film whose thickness and graft density can be controlled.
- R 2 is a nitrile or carbonyl group.
- R 2 represents a carbonyl group, it is then preferably selected from esters, carboxylic acids, acid halides and acid anhydrides.
- precursors of formula (I) there may be mentioned in particular crotononitrile, pentenenitrile, ethyl crotonate and their derivatives.
- the derivatives of the compounds mentioned above correspond to the molecules that retain the parts necessary for grafting.
- ethyl crotonate derivatives it is possible to envisage other compounds such as esters, the corresponding acid or an amino acid linked by its amine function, easily accessible by simple chemical reactions known to those skilled in the art. .
- the invention also relates to a process for forming a homogeneous organic film on a conductive or semiconductive surface of electricity, said process being characterized by the fact that an electrolytic solution consisting of at least one solvent and containing at least one compound of formula (I) below:
- said organic film has a thickness of less than or equal to 10 nm.
- the precursors of formula (I) are chosen from compounds for which the pKa of the hydrogen of the carbon carrying R 1 and R 5 is less than the pK of the solvent of the electrolytic solution, K being the constant of autoprotolysis of the solvent.
- the surface used is a surface of nickel.
- the working potential employed is at most 5% greater than the value of at least one of the reduction potentials of said precursors of formula (I) present within the electrolytic solution. Indeed to promote the surface reaction, it is advantageous to be at a value close to the reduction threshold of the compound which will react at the surface.
- the working current density is low, preferably less than or equal to 10 "4 cm A.” about 2, such that most of the current is converted to a surface reaction and does not promote a parasitic reaction in solution.
- An optimal value can be estimated from the average number of grafting sites on the surface considered.
- the electrolysis of the electrolytic solution containing the compounds of formula (1) may be independently carried out by polarization under linear or cyclic voltammetric conditions, under potentiostatic, potentiodynamic, intensiostatic, galvanostatic, galvanodynamic or by simple or pulsed chronoamperometry conditions.
- it is carried out by polarization under cyclic voltammetric conditions.
- the number of cycles will preferably be between 1 and 1000 and even more preferably between 1 and 50.
- the concentration of the precursor (s) of formula (I) is preferably between 0.001 and 10 mol. "1 approximately.
- this concentration is 5 mol.l" 1 ⁇ 1 mol. About 1 " .
- the thickness of the film formed on the conductive or semi-conductive surface of the electricity is controlled by the simple variation of the experimental parameters, accessible, empirically to those skilled in the art according to the precursor (s) of formula (I) 'he employs.
- the thickness of the film can be controlled by the number of scans in the case of cyclic voltammetry.
- the number of scans will be between 2 and 20 to obtain a film thickness of between 1 and 3 monomers, or between 0.2 and 0.5 nm.
- the process according to the present invention comprises a further step of functionalizing the electrografted organic film.
- This functionalization step can be performed after or during the grafting if chemistry allows.
- the term "functionalization” denotes the chemical modification of the functions of which the compounds of formula (I) are endowed. It can thus be the modification of simple substituents, for example ester functions, or even the complexation of metals ...
- the derivatives of the compounds of formula (I) are interesting in this respect, insofar as they retain their ability to be grafted according to the invention and carry specific substituents for their future use.
- the solvents of the electrolytic solution are preferably chosen from dimethylformamide, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, dimethylsulfoxide and tetrahydrofuran.
- the electrolytic solution may also contain at least one support electrolyte that may be chosen in particular from quaternary ammonium salts such as perchlorates, tosylates, tetrafluoroborates, hexafluorophosphates, quaternary ammonium halides, sodium nitrate and sodium chloride.
- quaternary ammonium salts such as perchlorates, tosylates, tetrafluoroborates, hexafluorophosphates, quaternary ammonium halides, sodium nitrate and sodium chloride.
- TEAP tetraethylammonium perchlorate
- TBAP tetrabutylammonium perchlorate
- TPAP tetrapropylammonium perchlorate
- BTMAP benzyltrimethylammonium perchlorate
- the subject of the invention is also the conductive or semiconducting surfaces of electricity obtained by implementing the method described above, characterized in that said surfaces comprise at least one face at least partially covered by an organic film. homogeneous electrografted of at least one precursor of formula (I) as defined above.
- the thickness of the films obtained according to the invention is advantageously between 1 and 15 monomers derived from at least one compound of formula (I) and preferably to two.
- the films obtained according to the invention advantageously have a thickness less than or equal to 10 nm and even more preferably between 0.2 and 2.5 nm.
- the surfaces thus obtained according to the invention can advantageously be used in the electronics and microelectronics industries (for the preparation of microelectronic components) for the preparation of biomedical devices such as, for example, devices implantable in the body (stents for example), screening kits, etc.
- FIG. 1 represents the X-ray photoelectron (XPS) spectroscopy spectrum of the Crus region of a reference nickel surface before any electrografting operation; said spectrum corresponds to the number of strokes per second (CP S.) expressed in arbitrary units (ua) as a function of the binding energy ("binding energy") in electron Volts (eV);
- FIG. 2 (same units as FIG.
- FIG. 1 shows the XPS spectrum of the region of C 5 levels recorded on a nickel substrate after formation of an organic film from an electrolyte solution containing crotononitrile
- FIG. 3 shows an infra red spectrum in absorption reflection (IRRAS), angle of incidence 85 °, 256 scans, resolution 2 cm -1 , recorded on a nickel substrate after formation of an organic film from an electrolyte solution containing crotononitrile
- - Figure 4 represents the variation of the percentage of the total area
- FIG. 6 (same units as FIG. 1) represents the XPS spectrum of the C 1 s level region recorded on a nickel substrate after formation of an organic film from an electrolyte solution containing ethyl crotonate (5M);
- FIG. 7 (transmittance (%) as a function of the number of waves in cm -1 ) represents an IRRAS spectrum, angle of incidence 85 °, 256 scans, resolution 2 cm -1 , recorded on a nickel substrate after formation an organic film from an electrolyte solution containing ethyl crotonate (5M);
- FIG. 8 (same units as FIG. 1) represents the XPS spectrum of the region of C 5 levels recorded on a nickel substrate after formation of an organic film from an electrolytic solution containing cis pentenenitrile (5M) ;
- FIG. 9 (transmittance (%) as a function of the wavenumber in cm " ') represents an IRRAS spectrum, angle of incidence 85 °, 256 scans, resolution 2 cm -1 , recorded on a nickel substrate after formation an organic film from an electrolytic solution containing cis pentenenitrile (5M);
- FIG. 10 (current in mA as a function of the potential V) represents a voltammogram (cyclic voltammetry, 10 cycles) recorded for the various molecules studied (crotononitrile, ethyl crotonate or cis pentenenitrile), in the presence of TEAP at a concentration of 5.10 "2 mol.1 " 1 , with a scanning speed of 50 mV / s;
- FIG. 11 (same units as FIG. 1) represents a spectrum
- UPS Ultraviolet Photoelectron Spectroscopy
- FIG. 12 (same units as FIG. 1) represents a UPS spectrum (HeI) recorded on a nickel substrate after formation of an organic film from an electrolyte solution containing crotononitrile (5M).
- the total area of the C Is massif is 610 (in arbitrary units). This envelope can decompose into two peaks. One is centered on 285.0 eV and represents carbon atoms in a neutral environment (type - (CH 2 ) n -), the second one is displaced towards high binding energies (around 288.4 eV) which translated an electronegative environment for the probed atoms well in agreement with -COOR or -COOH groups significant of the presence of fatty acid.
- an electrolytic solution consisting of acetonitrile and containing crotononitrile (5 mol.l- 1 ) and TEAP as the supporting electrolyte at a concentration of 5.10 -2 mol- 1 was electrolyzed in a cell.
- conventional electrolysis with three electrodes The working electrode is a nickel layer supported by a glass slide, the counter electrode is a platinum plate and the reference electrode is based on the Ag + / Ag pair.
- the first peak is centered on 283.5 eV. Its width at half height is 0.8 eV and it represents, in area, 6.2% of the total envelope C Is.
- This peak is attributed to the carbon atoms chemically bonded to the metal atoms. The presence of this peak proves the electrochemical grafting of the crotononitrile molecule on the nickel surface.
- the width at half height, very low, indicates an unequivocal structure, translating grafting perpendicular to the surface rather than flat.
- the peak nitrogen N Is (in the case of crotononitrile) has a low energy structure at 397.5 eV, which reflects a strong interaction between metal and nitrogen.
- the area of the C Is massif is 1794, compared to 610 on a surface before electrochemistry.
- the area attributable to crotononitrile is therefore approximately 1184.
- Calculation of the percentage of grafted carbon relative to the corrected area of the contamination then gives 9.3%.
- 11 carbon atoms added by electrochemistry 1 carbon is chemically bonded to the metal. This result is in good agreement with the results (theoretical and experimental) cited in the article by BUREAU C.
- the synthesis of electrografted organic films is controlled by means of adjustable parameters in electrochemistry.
- the main parameters are the initial concentration of electroactive species (compounds of formula (I)), the value of the maximum potential imposed and the polarization time.
- This last parameter can vary either directly, it is the time of an electrolysis, or by means of a speed of scanning in voltammetry. Only the study of the parameters of maximum potential and polarization time has been presented in this example.
- This example corresponds to the study of ethyl trans-crotonate (compound represented below), molecule carrying an anionic polymerization engine (here an ester group) and a polymerization inhibitor (the CH 3 group). .
- the first peak is centered on 283.5 eV
- the half-height width is 0.85 eV and represents in area 3.85% of the total envelope C Is.
- peak is attributed to carbon atoms chemically bonded to metal atoms. The presence of this peak proves the electrochemical grafting of the ethyl crotonate molecule on the nickel surface.
- the area of the C Is massif is 2622, compared to 610 on a surface before electrochemistry, the area attributable to ethyl crotonate is therefore about 2012.
- the calculation of the percentage of grafted carbon relative to the corrected area of the contamination gives 5%. Of the 20 carbon atoms added by electrochemistry 1 is chemically bonded to the metal. This result can therefore correspond to grafted trimers.
- the signal is very weak (less than 1% transmittance), the IRRAS technique is here at the limit of detection.
- the spectrum is difficult to interpret.
- the ester moiety can be detected by its characteristic bands centered on 1710, 1265 and 1200 cm- 1 .
- the weak signal may indicate the presence of a strong orientation of the grafted chains with the parallel absorbent groups at the metal surface. also to emphasize that the ester group is present which gives great potential to this layer for subsequent functionalizations.
- This example corresponds to the study of ds-pentenenitrile (compound represented below), a molecule carrying an anionic polymerization engine (here a nitrile group) and a polymerization inhibitor (the CH 2 group carried by carbon ethylenic).
- the area of the C Is massif is 2830, compared to 610 on a virgin surface before electrochemistry, so there is about 2220 area attributable to pentenenitrile.
- the nitrile band at 2240 cm- 1 there exists in this region only a band centered on 2170 cm- 1, which can be attributed to a nitrile group in interaction with a metal.
- XPS analysis where a sub stoichiometry in carbon was noted.
- the nitrile groups are thus either in strong interaction with the metal (as seen in XPS and in IRRAS), or parallel to the metal surface and do not absorb in IRRAS.
- the weak signal may indicate the presence of a strong orientation of the grafted chains with the parallel absorbent groups to the metal surface.
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Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US11/908,692 US8288009B2 (en) | 2005-03-15 | 2006-03-13 | Formation of ultra-thin films that are grafted to electrically-conducting or semi-conducting surfaces |
JP2008501360A JP2008533302A (ja) | 2005-03-15 | 2006-03-13 | 導体または半導体表面にグラフト化された超薄膜の形成 |
EP06726076A EP1859081A2 (fr) | 2005-03-15 | 2006-03-13 | Formation de films ultraminces greffes sur des surfaces conductrices ou semi-conductrices de l'electricite |
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FR0502516A FR2883299B1 (fr) | 2005-03-15 | 2005-03-15 | Formation de films ultraminces greffes sur des surfaces conductrices ou semi-conductrices de l'electricite |
FR0502516 | 2005-03-15 |
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WO2006097611A2 true WO2006097611A2 (fr) | 2006-09-21 |
WO2006097611A3 WO2006097611A3 (fr) | 2007-08-23 |
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FR (1) | FR2883299B1 (fr) |
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US9725602B2 (en) | 2006-12-19 | 2017-08-08 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | Method for preparing an organic film at the surface of a solid support under non-electrochemical conditions, solid support thus obtained and preparation kit |
FR2910006B1 (fr) | 2006-12-19 | 2009-03-06 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de preparation d'un film organique a la surface d'un support solide dans des conditions non-electrochimiques, support solide ainsi obtenu et kit de preparation |
FR2910010B1 (fr) | 2006-12-19 | 2009-03-06 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de preparation d'un film organique a la surface d'un support solide dans des conditions non-electrochimiques, support solide ainsi obtenu et kit de preparation |
FR2921516B1 (fr) | 2007-09-20 | 2010-03-12 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede d'electrogreffage localise sur des substrats semi-conducteurs photosensibles |
FR2929137B1 (fr) * | 2008-03-28 | 2011-03-11 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede d'electrogreffage localise sur des substrats conducteurs ou semi-conducteurs en presence d'une microelectrode |
FR2929618B1 (fr) | 2008-04-03 | 2011-03-18 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede pour assembler deux surfaces ou une surface avec une molecule d'interet |
KR102192090B1 (ko) | 2012-10-19 | 2020-12-16 | 프리에토 배터리, 인크. | 고체-중합체 코팅 내의 결함의 검출 |
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BE1008086A3 (fr) * | 1994-01-20 | 1996-01-16 | Cockerill Rech & Dev | Procede de depot par electropolymerisation d'un film organique sur une surface conductrice de l'electricite. |
BE1011511A6 (fr) * | 1997-10-22 | 1999-10-05 | Cipari S A | Procede pour l'enrobage de particules conductrices de l'electricite par greffage d'une couche polymere et produits issus de ce procede. |
FR2837842B1 (fr) * | 2002-03-26 | 2004-06-18 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de fixation de macro-objets sur une surface conductrice ou semi-conductrice de l'electricite par electro-greffage, surfaces obtenues et applications |
FR2851181B1 (fr) * | 2003-02-17 | 2006-05-26 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de revetement d'une surface |
US8152986B2 (en) * | 2006-02-28 | 2012-04-10 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique | Process for forming organic films on electrically conductive or semi-conductive surfaces using aqueous solutions |
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2005
- 2005-03-15 FR FR0502516A patent/FR2883299B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-03-13 JP JP2008501360A patent/JP2008533302A/ja not_active Ceased
- 2006-03-13 US US11/908,692 patent/US8288009B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-03-13 TW TW095108484A patent/TW200634179A/zh unknown
- 2006-03-13 WO PCT/FR2006/000547 patent/WO2006097611A2/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-03-13 EP EP06726076A patent/EP1859081A2/fr not_active Withdrawn
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10106403B2 (en) | 2008-09-29 | 2018-10-23 | Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives | Chemical sensors containing carbon nanotubes, method for making same, and uses therof |
US8747954B2 (en) | 2009-04-30 | 2014-06-10 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | Process for the preparation of an organic film at the surface of a solid support with oxidizing treatment |
WO2012126943A1 (fr) | 2011-03-22 | 2012-09-27 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | Procede de preparation d'un film organique a la surface d'un support solide par transfert ou par projection |
US9890235B2 (en) | 2011-03-22 | 2018-02-13 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | Process for preparing an organic film at the surface of a solid support by transfer or by spraying |
WO2012160120A1 (fr) | 2011-05-25 | 2012-11-29 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | Procede pour modifier un polymere de polydopamine ou un derive de celui-ci et polymere ainsi modifie |
FR3089227A1 (fr) | 2018-12-04 | 2020-06-05 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | Procédé de préparation d’une surface à activité bactériostatique et surface ainsi préparée |
WO2020115434A1 (fr) | 2018-12-04 | 2020-06-11 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | Procédé de préparation d'une surface à activité bactériostatique et surface ainsi préparée |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2883299B1 (fr) | 2007-06-15 |
WO2006097611A3 (fr) | 2007-08-23 |
US20080124832A1 (en) | 2008-05-29 |
TW200634179A (en) | 2006-10-01 |
JP2008533302A (ja) | 2008-08-21 |
EP1859081A2 (fr) | 2007-11-28 |
US8288009B2 (en) | 2012-10-16 |
FR2883299A1 (fr) | 2006-09-22 |
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