WO2006083196A1

WO2006083196A1 - Membrane-diaphragm bellows

Info

Publication number: WO2006083196A1
Application number: PCT/RU2006/000040
Authority: WO
Inventors: Lev Nikolaevich Maksimov
Original assignee: Lev Nikolaevich Maksimov
Priority date: 2005-02-02
Filing date: 2006-02-02
Publication date: 2006-08-10
Also published as: RU2406900C2; RU2005102515A

Abstract

The invention relates to mechanical engineering. The inventive membrane-diaphragm bellows comprises a set of axisymmetrical movable elements, which are sealingly connected to each other. Said set of movable element is embodied in the form of successively alternating plate elements of two different types, i.e. elastic membranes (2) and rigid non-deformable plates (3) (diaphragms) provided with holes (5) in the middle thereof. The elastic membrane (2) is sealingly fixed, by the central section thereof, to the circumference of the opening (5) embodied in a rigid diaphragm (3) arranged thereabove and to the circumference of a diaphragm (4) arrange thereunder. A subsequent membrane (2) is fixed in the opposite order etc, thereby making it possible to produce said movable elements of two types by means of a successive assembling. The external sizes of the set of diaphragms and membranes (2), respectively, are reduced. A step jig is mounted on the top movable platform of the membrane-diaphragm bellows for pulling out each rigid diaphragm and, correspondingly, the elastic membrane connected thereto. The invention ensures the required cyclic operational life of the membrane-diaphragm bellows and makes it possible to increases the reliability and performance of the bellows operation.

Description

MEMBRANE-DIAFRAGMEN BELLOW (MDS)

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering, in particular, to solving the problems of replacing traditional piston systems that are widely used throughout the world motor transport industry with systems and devices that basically do not contain any movable contact seals, such as, for example, known piston rings and the like. Advantageously, the invention relates to solving the problems of realizing precisely the pistonless energy conversion of expanding gases into mechanical energy in appropriate designs ktsiyah thermal and (or) the air motors, in special high-pressure elastic elements and besporshnevogo (bezuplotnitelnogo) pumping cryogenic fluids in the high and very high pressure followed by their gasification zone. In addition, the invention opens up new technical possibilities in solving the problems of injection of a number of specific fluids, which categorically by their intended purpose categorically do not allow any contamination of them, for example, highly chemically pure liquids or highly sterile biological ones.

State of the art

Known membrane bellows ("Prospects for the development of elastic sensitive elements", M., CINTI, 1961, p. 127), consisting of individual stamped membrane parts having the shape of half a corrugation. Their connection along the external and internal contour is carried out by soldering. However, this type of bellows has received limited use due to the low fatigue strength compared to the normal type; failure under alternating loads occurs in places soldering. For this reason, these membrane bellows are used only in a small list of devices as elastic elements with low stiffness.

Known membrane bellows (RU 21 12175 Cl, 05/27/1998), consisting of annular membranes, curved and hermetically bonded to each other along the outer and inner contours in pairs and alternately. The membranes are rigidly connected by a joint bend of the walls of adjacent membranes 180 ° two times in opposite directions.

However, this leads to a complication of the manufacturing technology of the bellows.

Disclosure of invention

The basis of the invention is the task of creating a simple, reliable, high-performance bellows.

In essence, a multi-purpose constructive complex will be created in which a number of technical solutions are functionally combined, including the early separately known achievements in various fields of scientific and technological progress. The most important technical solutions, which are combined for the first time in this invention and which are essential distinguishing features, are characterized by the following brief explanations.

The problem is solved in that:

The membrane-diaphragm bellows (MDS) contains a set of axisymmetric moving elements hermetically connected to each other, while the said set of moving elements is not made of the same type, but in the form of successively alternating plate elements of two different types, namely, elastic membranes and rigid non-deformable plates ( diaphragms) with central holes in them, so that on the one hand the elastic membrane with its central part is hermetically fixed around the hole in the upstream rigid diaphragm, and with the other side is fixed along the perimeter of the lower diaphragm, while the subsequent membrane is fixed in the reverse order, etc., with the resulting formation it is in such a sequential assembly of the movable elements of these two types, a certain similarity to the corrugations of traditional bellows, but at the same time the external dimensions of the set of diaphragms and, accordingly, membranes stepwise decrease from the maximum value, for example, in the upper movable part of the assembly and such an end diaphragm is fixed on the upper movable platform throughout the assembly as a whole, and the smallest lower diaphragm is mounted on a fixed platform equipped with an opening for the passage of further working gas or working fluid bones inside the MDS and at the same time a step conductor is fixed on the upper movable platform of the MDS, which, during the process of working lengthening of the entire assembly with its internal ledges, forcibly extends each rigid diaphragm and, accordingly, the elastic membrane associated with it to a structurally set maximum permissible level of their mutual extension, regardless of the total the expansion of the entire MDS and thereby ensures the implementation of the required cyclical resource of the MDS for its specific technical purpose.

Besides:

- elastic membranes are made using metal fabrics or metallized fabric materials made of especially strong fibers as their power frame, and the required gas impermeability of the membranes is ensured by the use of amorphized metal coatings and (or) amorphized foil;

- diaphragms in contact with the working gas inside

MDS are equipped with zones for the placement of known heat-accumulating materials, for example, a layer of the finest metal filaments or zones with carriers of catalytic substances, the use of which allows certain thermodynamic and (or) thermochemical processes to be carried out during MDS operation, for example, heat recovery and (or) catalytic reactions; sealed set of elastic membranes and rigid non-deformable diaphragms are structurally made in the form of a torus and is equipped with an additional internal stepwise conductor;

- a sealed set of elastic membranes and rigid diaphragms is structurally made in the form of an elongated device with rounded ends and is equipped with a correspondingly increased number of holes in the lower fixed platform for passage of working gas or working fluid into the MDS.

- in addition to the use of external movable conductors inside the MDS, a central stepwise conductor is installed on the fixed platform, which limits the maximum permissible upper level of the location of the diaphragms and contains areas for the placement of materials and (or) substances, for example, for heat recovery or catalytic reactions;

- the set of elastic membranes and rigid diaphragms is made of a rotary type, in which fixed platforms are fixed on the housing of the external stator, and the movable platforms are mounted on a rotary working shaft and are equipped with external and internal rotary step conductors, and the external conductor passes through the samples in the stator.

The initial basic concept of the improvement of the above prototype is the structural division in the proposed MDS of the traditional elastic elements inherent in all known bellows into two functionally different components, namely, structural components responsible for ensuring, first of all, the mechanical strength of the bellows device when it is operated under high ultrahigh pressure, and on the components that are most responsible for the required elasticity and mobility of the structure in scrap.

Accordingly, in the new construction complex being created, two types of basic elements are combined into a common assembly - these are rigid non-deformable diaphragms and elastic membranes located between them with central holes for further passage of the working gas or working fluid into the MDS. In this case, each membrane with its central part on the one hand is hermetically fixed around the hole in the rigid diaphragm located above it, and on its opposite side such a membrane is fixed along the perimeter of the lower diaphragm, and the subsequent membrane is fixed further in the reverse order, etc., with the resulting the formation in such a sequential assembly of some similarity of the corrugations of traditional bellows, in particular, the corrugation of the above prototype.

In the indicated sequential assembly of two types of movable structural elements of the MDS, the external dimensions of the rigid diaphragms are reduced stepwise, starting, for example, from the upper diaphragm, which is fixed on the correspondingly upper movable platform, and the smallest lower diaphragm is fixed on a fixed platform, equipped with a common supply channel in the future working gas or liquid inside the assembly as a whole.

For the first time, an additional movable element is introduced into the proposed structural complex - a step conductor, which is mounted on the aforementioned MDS movable platform. During work cycles with spatial expansion of the entire assembly of membranes and diaphragms, such a conductor with its internal ledges (which are made so that they successively abut against the corresponding dimensional steps diaphragm), sequentially displays each diaphragm and, accordingly, the associated elastic membrane to a structurally predetermined limit o permissible level of their mutual sliding. It is such a technical solution for the structural limitation of the limiting sliding of each of the movable basic links of the MDS, i.e. limiting sliding respectively paired membranes and diaphragms, regardless of the total expansion of the entire MDS, as a result creates the necessary conditions for the implementation of the estimated working life that is required for the specific functional purpose of the proposed MDS.

Elastic membranes are made using metal fabrics or metallized fabric materials made of especially strong fibers as their power frame. Such a technical solution is a specific application, but to a new purpose, the earlier known scientific and technological achievements, presented in detail, in particular, in the book "Metallization of fabrics", M., 1972, Katz N.V.

The required gas tightness of the elastic membranes is achieved by using amorphized metal coatings of the outer layers of the membranes, for example, amorphized foil. This is another specific application for a new purpose of the previously known scientific and technological achievements, presented in detail, in particular, in the book "Amorphous Metals", K. Suzuki et al., M., 1987.

As part of the integrated MDS device into a single structural complex of several technical solutions, including the ones that were previously known separately, a number of such solutions are used that allow us to implement the proposed basic construction of the MDS in the form of an assembly of not only circular membranes and diaphragms, but also elongated devices with rounded ends, as well as toroids or rotary types, etc.

A special distinguishing feature of the proposed MDS design is the possible placement of such earlier known materials and (or) substances in its internal space, with the help of which for the first time it becomes possible to carry out functionally important thermodynamic and (or) thermochemical processes during cyclic work of the MDS. For this, those diaphragms that they come into contact with the working gas inside the MDS itself (conditionally called active diaphragms) are structurally equipped with zones for the placement of known heat-accumulating materials, for example, a layer of the finest metal filaments or zones with carriers of catalytic substances, the use of which accordingly allows heat recovery and / or certain catalytic reactions. For the same purpose, in addition to movable active diaphragms, it is possible to use within the MDS fixed zones for the placement of the above materials and substances in the corresponding device, for example, fixed step limiters of the extremely upper diaphragm placement.

A brief description of the figures of the invention The invention is illustrated by the accompanying drawings, on which:

Fig.l - The basic device of the base membrane-diaphragm block;

Figure 2 - MDS assembly with an external conductor in the full stretch position;

Fig.Z - MDS in working position with part of the diaphragms apart;

Figure 4 - MDS in the full compression position;

Figure 5 - MDS toroidal type;

6 - MDS oblong type with rounded ends; 7 - MDS rotary type in the full compression position;

Fig - MDS with an internal step limiter of the upper position of the diaphragms;

Fig.9 - MDS rotary type in the full stretch position;

The drawings show: 1 - upper diaphragm;

2 - elastic membrane in the inter-diaphragm space;

3 - diaphragm with internal membrane fastening; 4 - diaphragm with external membrane fastening;

5 - hole for the passage of the working gas or working fluid;

6 is a fragment of an enlarged image of the outer zone of membrane attachment; 7 - gas-tight layer;

8 - power frame of the elastic membrane;

9 is a fragment of an enlarged image of the internal device of the active diaphragm;

10 is a fragment of an enlarged image of a section along A-A; 11 - zone for the placement of heat-accumulating materials and (or) catalytic substances;

12 - upper movable platform;

13 - conditionally designated application of external forces;

14 - patch washer of the zone of peripheral fixing of the membranes; 15 - zone sealing soldering or reflow;

16- lower fixed platform;

17 - movable step conductor;

18 - the inner stage of the conductor;

19 - limiter of ultimate tension; 20 - conditional image of the passage of the working gas or working fluid;

21 is a fragment of an enlarged image of the compressed state of all membranes and diaphragms;

22 - internal split step conductor;

23 - the compressed position of the rotary diaphragms; 24 - stator elements;

25 - internal rotary conductor;

26 - rotary block;

27 - external stepped conductor of the rotary unit;

28 - channel for supplying working gas; 29 - internal step limiter;

30 - movable platform in the upper position;

31 - the lower position of the platform 30; 32 - holes for the passage of the working gas;

33 - diaphragm rotary type;

34 - membrane of rotary type in inter-diaphragm position;

35 - the outer zone of the membrane fastening on the diaphragm rotary type; α is the angle of cyclic rotations;

Lmax is the maximum disclosure of MDS;

L (t) - time-varying working disclosure of MDS.

The best embodiment of the invention

The created membrane-diaphragm bellows and its operation are specified by the following main fragments of the practical implementation of this invention with explanatory involvement of the attached graphic materials. The implementation of the invention in accordance with the drawings is illustrated by the following brief description of the design of the MDS and its action.

The main MDS base unit is a plate set consisting of non-deformable diaphragms (starting from the top - 1) and elastic membranes - 2 located in the inter-diaphragm space. At the same time, the membranes are hermetically fixed on the diaphragms so that some diaphragms have an internal membrane fastening (3), while others have an external peripheral fastening (4). The membranes are internally fixed around the central holes (5). The diaphragms are successively reduced in their outer size with the corresponding formation of characteristic radial steps. The upper diaphragm 1 is hermetically fixed on the movable platform 12, and the lower one on the stationary platform 16, equipped with an opening for the passage of further working gas or working fluid 20. An external step conductor 11 is fixed on the upper movable platform 12, the steps 18 of which correspond to dimensional dimensions steps of movable diaphragms. In the initial position, when under the action of an external force (13) the MDS is completely compressed (Figure 4), the conductor 17 is in its lower position. When the working gas or liquid (20) is subsequently supplied inside the MDS under sufficient pressure to overcome the external force (13) with the corresponding lifting of the upper platform 12, the step-wise conductor 17 (while lifting it) with its steps 18 successively raises the diaphragms, starting from the upper (as this is depicted in Fig. H) and further fulfills its main functional purpose for the forced expansion of the diaphragms up to the stop of the stopper 19 in the fixed platform 16, thereby providing a structurally predetermined limit about the permissible sliding not only of each movable link, but also the total limiting sliding of the MDS as a whole, as shown in Figure 2.

From a fundamental point of view, other possible versions of the MDS design are arranged and act in a similar way, for example, in the form of a toroid (Figure 5) or as a set of not circular membranes and diaphragms, but of an elongated type with respectively rounded ends (Figure 6), and also rotary type (Fig.7), etc.

Industrial applicability

The present invention is industrially applicable, since its implementation does not require special materials, equipment and new technology. The invention, called the diaphragm-diaphragm bellows, opens the prospect of replacing the traditional piston systems that are widely used throughout the world motor industry with systems and devices that basically do not contain any movable contact seals, such as, for example, known piston rings and the like.

The most important technical solutions, which for the first time in this invention are combined into a single structural complex, are, in particular, the use for a new purpose known achievements in the field of creating metallized fabrics and obtaining amorphous metals.

Claims

Claim.

1. The membrane-diaphragm bellows (MDS) contains a set of axisymmetric moving elements hermetically connected to each other, while the said set of moving elements is made not of the same type, but in the form of successively alternating plate elements of two different types, namely, elastic membranes and rigid non-deformable plates (diaphragms) with central holes in them, so that on the one hand the elastic membrane with its central part is hermetically fixed around the hole in the upstream rigid diaphragm, and on the other hand, it is fixed around the perimeter of the lower diaphragm, while the subsequent membrane is fixed in the reverse order, etc., with the resulting formation in this sequential assembly of moving elements of these two types, some similarity to the corrugations of traditional bellows, but the outer dimensions of the set of diaphragms and, accordingly, the membranes stepwise decrease from the maximum value, for example, in the upper movable part of the assembly and such an end diaphragm is mounted on the upper movable platform throughout Orcs as a whole, and the smallest lower diaphragm is fixed on a fixed platform, equipped with an opening for the passage of further working gas or working fluid into the MDS, and at the same time, a step conductor is fixed on the upper movable platform of the MDS, which during the working extension of the entire assembly with its internal ledges forcibly extends each rigid diaphragm and correspondingly associated elastic membrane to a structurally predetermined maximum permissible level of their mutual extension, regardless ummarnoy razdvizhki all MDS thereby ensuring the realization of the desired resource cycling MDS for his specific technical purpose.

2. MDS according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic membranes are made using as their power frame metal fabrics or metallized fabric materials from especially strong fibers, and the required gas impermeability of the membranes is ensured by the use of amorphized metal coatings and (or) amorphized foil.

3. MDS according to claims 1 or 2., characterized in that its diaphragms in contact with the working gas inside the MDS are equipped with zones for the placement of known heat-accumulating materials, for example, a layer of the finest metal filaments or zones with carriers of catalytic substances, application which allows certain thermodynamic and (or) thermochemical processes, for example, heat recovery and (or) catalytic reactions, to be carried out during MDS operation.

4. MDS according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the sealed set of elastic membranes and rigid non-deformable diaphragms is structurally made in the form of a toroid and is equipped with an additional internal step conductor.

5. MDS according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the sealed set of elastic membranes and rigid diaphragms is structurally made in the form of an elongated device with rounded ends and is equipped with a correspondingly increased number of holes in the lower fixed platform for passage of working gas or working gas into the MDS liquids.

6. MDS according to any one of paragraphs l-3, characterized in that in addition to using external movable conductors inside the MDS, a central step-wise conductor is installed on the fixed platform, which limits the maximum permissible upper level of the location of the diaphragms and contains areas for the placement of materials and (or ) substances, for example, for heat recovery or catalytic reactions.

7. MDS for items l or 2, characterized in that the set of elastic membranes and rigid diaphragms are made of a rotary type, in which fixed platforms are fixed on the housing of the external stator, and the movable platforms are mounted on a rotary working shaft and are equipped with external and internal rotary step conductors and the external conductor passes through the samples in the stator.