WO2006074915A1 - Axially driven piston-cylinder unit - Google Patents

Axially driven piston-cylinder unit Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006074915A1
WO2006074915A1 PCT/EP2006/000191 EP2006000191W WO2006074915A1 WO 2006074915 A1 WO2006074915 A1 WO 2006074915A1 EP 2006000191 W EP2006000191 W EP 2006000191W WO 2006074915 A1 WO2006074915 A1 WO 2006074915A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piston
piston rod
cylinder
drive element
elastic means
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2006/000191
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Michael Muth
Georg Slotta
Original Assignee
Aerolas Gmbh
BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aerolas Gmbh, BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH filed Critical Aerolas Gmbh
Priority to US11/795,093 priority Critical patent/US20080118375A1/en
Priority to JP2007550748A priority patent/JP2008527271A/en
Priority to EP06701389.6A priority patent/EP1838963B1/en
Priority to CN2006800021622A priority patent/CN101103199B/en
Publication of WO2006074915A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006074915A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
    • F04B35/04—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F02G1/0435—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines the engine being of the free piston type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
    • F04B35/04—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric
    • F04B35/045—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric using solenoids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/0005—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00 adaptations of pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/0005—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00 adaptations of pistons
    • F04B39/0022—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00 adaptations of pistons piston rods

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an axially driven »» piston-cylinder unit according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Such a piston-cylinder unit is known for example from US 5, 525, 845.
  • the piston rod is rigidly connected both to the axially movable drive element of the linear drive and to the piston.
  • a state may occur in which the axial vibration generated by the linear motor of the movable driving member, piston rod and piston undergoes an increase in the oscillation driving amplitude so that the piston can abut against the bottom of the cylinder bore with the piston crown , This can cause damage to the piston crown or the head-side end wall of the cylinder bore.
  • Object of the present invention is to design a generic axially driven piston-cylinder unit so that the risk of destruction of the piston or the cylinder is reduced.
  • the piston rod is exactly fixed both on the piston and on the drive element and there is no relative movement between the drive element, piston rod and piston. Only in case of overload, when the force applied by the drive element force exceeds the biasing force of the elastic device, there is a relative movement between the drive element and the piston rod or between the piston rod and the piston.
  • Piston rod but without the mass of the drive element on the head-side end wall of the cylinder bore.
  • the resulting shock pulse is compared to a rigid unit of piston, piston rod and drive element significantly lower, so that the risk of damage to the piston crown or the head-side end wall of the cylinder bore is significantly reduced.
  • the piston head is provided with an opening through which the first end of the
  • Piston rod is passed, wherein the piston rod is movable relative to the piston in the axial direction of the piston, wherein the elastic means between the piston rod and the piston is provided and wherein the elastic means biases the piston rod from the piston to the drive means, wherein the piston rod is provided with an end stop which prevents the piston rod emerges from the opening.
  • the impact on the head-side end wall mass is reduced even further, as well as the mass of the piston rod is decoupled from the piston.
  • the piston rod is sealingly guided in the opening, for which purpose a seal surrounding the piston rod is preferably provided.
  • the compression efficiency is improved because the medium compressed by the piston can not escape through the annular gap opening surrounding the piston rod.
  • the drive element is provided with an opening through which the second end of the piston rod is passed, that the piston rod is movable relative to the drive element in the axial direction of the drive element, that the elastic means between the piston rod and the drive element is provided and that the elastic means biases the piston rod from the drive element to the piston, wherein the piston rod is provided with an end stop, which prevents the piston rod from emerging from the opening.
  • the decoupling takes place by means of the elastic means on the side of the drive element, so that between the piston and the piston rod a fixed connection can be provided and a complex sealing of an opening in the piston head need not be provided.
  • the elastic means comprises a spring or is formed by a spring. Particularly preferred here is the provision of a plate spring arrangement or a loaded on pressure or train coil spring.
  • a linear drive for example a linear motor, wherein the piston is acted upon for reciprocating drive by a movable drive element of the linear drive.
  • a preferred application of the axially driven piston-cylinder unit according to the invention is the use in a compressor for generating a pressurized fluid.
  • Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of the invention with a decoupling in the region of the piston
  • Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the passage of the piston rod through the piston crown in the embodiment of FIG. 1.
  • Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through a piston-cylinder unit 1 with a cylinder 2 and a piston 3 is shown.
  • the cylinder 2 is provided with a cylinder bore 10, in which the piston 3 in the direction of the longitudinal axis X of the cylinder bore 10 is moved back and forth freely and taken.
  • the piston 3 is gas-stored in the cylinder 2.
  • a valve 20 shown schematically inlet channel 22.
  • an outlet channel 24 is provided which has a corresponding valve 26; This outlet channel also opens into the ZyIinderbohrung 10th
  • the piston-cylinder unit 1 shown is part of a piston working machine in which the ejected fluid is gaseous, as is the case for example with a compressor.
  • the invention is basically also applicable to other piston working machines, such as pumps.
  • the piston 3 is driven by a longitudinally movable drive element 50 of a linear drive 5 oscillating along an axis Y, which is shown only schematically in the figure.
  • the movable drive element 50 is mechanically connected to the piston 3 via a piston rod 4.
  • the piston rod 4 is inelastic in the axial direction and thus able to transmit axial forces from the drive element 50 to the piston 3.
  • the piston rod 4 is rigidly connected to the drive element 50.
  • the piston rod 4 is displaceably guided in the direction of the longitudinal axis X of the cylinder 2 or the longitudinal axis X 1 of the piston 3 coaxial therewith.
  • the piston rod 4 is mounted in the interior of the piston 3 by an annular radial support 31, wherein the
  • Radial support 31 at its radial outer circumference with the piston 3 is firmly connected and has a central opening through which the piston rod 4 is guided axially displaceable.
  • a central passage opening 16 ' is provided (Fig. 2), through which the piston rod 4 is guided axially displaceable with its piston-side first end 4'.
  • the piston rod 4 is provided with an end-face mushroom-shaped head 41, whose curved surface faces the cylinder head 23.
  • the mushroom-shaped head 41 forms on its rear, facing the piston head 16 side an annular bearing surface 41 ', whose outer diameter is greater than the diameter of the opening 16' in the piston head 16, so that the piston rod 4 secured against slipping in the figures to the left is.
  • the piston-side first end 4 'of the piston rod 4 has a reduced diameter relative to the rest of the piston rod 4.
  • a seal 43 may be arranged around this diameter, which seals the piston-side first end section 4 'of the piston rod 4 with respect to the inner circumference of the opening 16' of the piston head 16.
  • annular, curved plate spring 44 is provided, whose outer periphery is anchored to the piston 3 and which has a central bore through which the piston rod 4 is passed, wherein the inner circumference of annular plate spring 44 is anchored to the piston rod 4.
  • the plate spring 44 is shown in FIG. 1 to the left, ie to the drive element 50, convexly curved, so that the plate spring 44 is a bias on the piston rod 4 in FIG. 1 to the left, whereby the mushroom-shaped head 41 at the piston-side first end 4 'of the piston rod 4 with its annular surface 41' against the Piston bottom 16 is brought under the tension of the spring 44 to the plant.
  • Cylinder volume 18 is formed in the cylinder head 23. In this way, the impulse upon impact of the piston head 16 is limited to the head-side end wall 12 to the mass of the piston 3, while the mass of the drive member 50 and the piston rod 4 of the spring 44 in time after
  • piston rod 4 may also be fixedly connected to the piston 3, in which case the axially displaceable mounting of the piston rod 4 in the drive element 50 is provided and the elastic element formed by the spring 44 is provided between the piston rod 4 and the drive element 50.
  • the invention is not limited to the above embodiment, which merely serves to generally explain the essence of the invention.
  • the device according to the invention may also assume other than the above-described embodiments.
  • the device can in particular features which represent a combination of the individual individual features of the claims.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an axially driven piston-cylinder unit comprising a cylinder (2), a piston (3) that can be moved back and forth in the axial direction of the cylinder (2), between a first piston position wherein the cylinder volume (18) defined by the piston (3) and the cylinder (2) is maximal, and a second piston position wherein the cylinder volume is minimal, and a drive element (50) that can be moved back and forth in the axial direction of the cylinder and is mechanically connected to the piston (3) by means of a piston rod (4). The invention is characterised in that the piston rod (4) is connected, on the first end (4') thereof and/or on the second end (4') thereof, to the piston (3) or to the drive element (50), by means of an elastic device (6), against the pretension of the elastic device, in such a way that it can be moved axially in relation to the piston (3) or the drive element (50), such that when the piston head (16) comes into contact with the front wall (12) of the cylinder borehole (10), on the side of the cylinder head, the other movement of the drive element (50) is performed against the force of the elastic device (6), thus braking the drive element (50).

Description

1515
Axial angetriebene Kolben-Zylinder-EinheitAxially driven piston-cylinder unit
Die Erfindung betrifft eine axial angetriebene »„ Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to an axially driven »» piston-cylinder unit according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
Eine derartige Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit ist beispielsweise aus der US 5 , 525 , 845 bekannt . Dort ist die Kolbenstange sowohl mit dem axial bewegbaren Antriebselement des Linearantriebs , als auch mit dem Kolben starr verbunden . Beim Betrieb des vom Linearmotor angetriebenen Kolbens kann ein Zustand auftreten, in welchem die vom Linearmotor erzeugte AxialSchwingung der Einheit aus bewegbarem Antriebselement , Kolbenstange und ^„ Kolben eine Steigerung der Schwingsantriebsamplitude erfährt , so daß der Kolben mit dem Kolbenboden gegen den Boden der Zylinderbohrung anschlagen kann . Dabei kann es zu Beschädigungen des Kolbensbodens oder der kopfseitigen Stirnwand der Zylinderbohrung kommen .Such a piston-cylinder unit is known for example from US 5, 525, 845. There, the piston rod is rigidly connected both to the axially movable drive element of the linear drive and to the piston. In the operation of the piston driven by the linear motor, a state may occur in which the axial vibration generated by the linear motor of the movable driving member, piston rod and piston undergoes an increase in the oscillation driving amplitude so that the piston can abut against the bottom of the cylinder bore with the piston crown , This can cause damage to the piston crown or the head-side end wall of the cylinder bore.
35 Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es , eine gattungsgemäße axial angetriebene Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit so auszugestalten, daß die Gefahr einer Zerstörung des Kolbens oder des Zylinders reduziert wird .35 Object of the present invention is to design a generic axially driven piston-cylinder unit so that the risk of destruction of the piston or the cylinder is reduced.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im Patentanspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst .This object is achieved by the features specified in claim 1.
Im normalen Betrieb der Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit ist die Kolbenstange sowohl am Kolben, als auch am Antriebselement exakt festgelegt und es findet keine Relativbewegung zwischen Antriebselement , Kolbenstange und Kolben statt . Erst im Überlastfall , wenn die vom Antriebselement aufgebrachte Kraft die Vorspannkraft der elastischen Einrichtung überschreitet , erfolgt eine Relativbewegung zwischen dem Antriebselement und der Kolbenstange oder zwischen der Kolbenstange und dem Kolben .During normal operation of the piston-cylinder unit, the piston rod is exactly fixed both on the piston and on the drive element and there is no relative movement between the drive element, piston rod and piston. Only in case of overload, when the force applied by the drive element force exceeds the biasing force of the elastic device, there is a relative movement between the drive element and the piston rod or between the piston rod and the piston.
Durch die Entkoppelung der Masse des Antriebselements vom Kolben mittels der elastischen Einrichung wird dasBy decoupling the mass of the drive element from the piston by means of the elastic Einrichung is the
Antriebselement bei einer Bewegung des Kolbens in die Kompressionsstellung von der elastischen Einrichtung dann abgebremst , wenn der Kolben an der kopfseitigen Stirnwand der Zylinderbohrung zur Anlage gekommen ist . Hierdurch trifft nur die Masse des Kolbens gegebenenfalls mit der Masse derDrive element then braked at a movement of the piston in the compression position of the elastic device when the piston has come to rest on the head-side end wall of the cylinder bore. As a result, only the mass of the piston optionally coincides with the mass of the piston
Kolbenstange , aber ohne die Masse des Antriebselements auf die kopfseitige Stirnwand der Zylinderbohrung auf . Der dadurch entstehende Stoßimpuls ist gegenüber einer starren Einheit aus Kolben, Kolbenstange und Antriebselement wesentlich geringer, so daß auch die Gefahr der Beschädigung des Kolbenbodens oder der kopfseitigen Stirnwand der Zylinderbohrung deutlich herabgesetzt ist .Piston rod, but without the mass of the drive element on the head-side end wall of the cylinder bore. The resulting shock pulse is compared to a rigid unit of piston, piston rod and drive element significantly lower, so that the risk of damage to the piston crown or the head-side end wall of the cylinder bore is significantly reduced.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung ist der Kolbenboden mit einer Öffnung versehen, durch die das erste Ende derIn an advantageous embodiment, the piston head is provided with an opening through which the first end of the
Kolbenstange hindurchgeführt ist , wobei die Kolbenstange relativ zum Kolben in Axialrichtung des Kolbens bewegbar ist , wobei die elastische Einrichtung zwischen der Kolbenstange und dem Kolben vorgesehen ist und wobei die elastische Einrichtung die Kolbenstange vom Kolben zur Antriebseinrichtung vorspannt , wobei die Kolbenstange mit einem Endanschlag versehen ist , der verhindert , daß die Kolbenstange aus der Öffnung austritt . Bei dieser Ausgestaltungsform ist die auf die kopfseitige Stirnwand auftreffende Masse noch weiter reduziert , da auch die Masse der Kolbenstange vom Kolben entkoppelt ist .Piston rod is passed, wherein the piston rod is movable relative to the piston in the axial direction of the piston, wherein the elastic means between the piston rod and the piston is provided and wherein the elastic means biases the piston rod from the piston to the drive means, wherein the piston rod is provided with an end stop which prevents the piston rod emerges from the opening. In this embodiment, the impact on the head-side end wall mass is reduced even further, as well as the mass of the piston rod is decoupled from the piston.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist es dabei , wenn die Kolbenstange in der Öffnung abdichtend geführt ist , wozu bevorzugt eine die Kolbenstange umgebende Dichtung vorgesehen ist . Bei dieser Ausgestaltung wird der Kompressionswirkungsgrad verbessert , da das vom Kolben komprimierte Medium nicht durch die die Kolbenstange umgebende Ringspaltöffnung entweichen kann .It is particularly advantageous if the piston rod is sealingly guided in the opening, for which purpose a seal surrounding the piston rod is preferably provided. In this embodiment, the compression efficiency is improved because the medium compressed by the piston can not escape through the annular gap opening surrounding the piston rod.
Eine andere vorteilhafte Ausführungsform kennzeichnet sich dadurch, daß das Antriebselement mit einer Öffnung versehen ist , durch die das zweite Ende der Kolbenstange hindurchgeführt ist , daß die Kolbenstange relativ zum Antriebselement in Axialrichtung des Antriebselements bewegbar ist , daß die elastische Einrichtung zwischen der Kolbenstange und dem Antriebselement vorgesehen ist und daß die elastische Einrichtung die Kolbenstange vom Antriebselement zum Kolben vorspannt, wobei die Kolbenstange mit einem Endanschlag versehen ist , der verhindert , daß die Kolbenstange aus der Öffnung austritt . Bei dieser Variante erfolgt die Entkoppelung mittels der elastischen Einrichtung auf der Seite des Antriebselements , so daß zwischen dem Kolben und der Kolbenstange eine feste Verbindung vorgesehen sein kann und eine aufwendige Abdichtung einer Öffnung im Kolbenboden nicht vorgesehen sein muß . Bevorzugterweise weist die elastische Einrichtung eine Feder auf oder ist von einer Feder gebildet . Besonders bevorzugt ist hier das Vorsehen einer Tellerfederanordnung oder einer auf Druck oder Zug belasteten Schraubenfeder .Another advantageous embodiment is characterized in that the drive element is provided with an opening through which the second end of the piston rod is passed, that the piston rod is movable relative to the drive element in the axial direction of the drive element, that the elastic means between the piston rod and the drive element is provided and that the elastic means biases the piston rod from the drive element to the piston, wherein the piston rod is provided with an end stop, which prevents the piston rod from emerging from the opening. In this variant, the decoupling takes place by means of the elastic means on the side of the drive element, so that between the piston and the piston rod a fixed connection can be provided and a complex sealing of an opening in the piston head need not be provided. Preferably, the elastic means comprises a spring or is formed by a spring. Particularly preferred here is the provision of a plate spring arrangement or a loaded on pressure or train coil spring.
Besonders wirksam ist eine Realisierung der vorliegenden Erfindung bei einem Linearantrieb, beispielsweise einem Linearmotor, wobei der Kolben zum hin- und herbewegenden Antrieb von einem beweglichen Antriebselement des Linearantriebs beaufschlagt ist .Particularly effective is an implementation of the present invention in a linear drive, for example a linear motor, wherein the piston is acted upon for reciprocating drive by a movable drive element of the linear drive.
Eine bevorzugte Anwendung der erfindungsgemäßen axial angetriebenen Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit ist der Einsatz in einem Kompressor zur Erzeugung eines Druckfluids .A preferred application of the axially driven piston-cylinder unit according to the invention is the use in a compressor for generating a pressurized fluid.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines Beispiels unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung näher erläutert . In dieser zeigt :The invention will be explained in more detail below by means of an example with reference to the drawing. In this shows:
Fig . 1 eine erste Ausführungsform der Erfindung mit einer Entkoppelung im Bereich des Kolbens undFig. 1 shows a first embodiment of the invention with a decoupling in the region of the piston and
Fig . 2 eine vergrößerte Darstellung der Durchführung der Kolbenstange durch den Kolbenboden in der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig . 1.Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the passage of the piston rod through the piston crown in the embodiment of FIG. 1.
In Fig . 1 ist ein Längsschnitt durch eine Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit 1 mit einem Zylinder 2 und einem Kolben 3 gezeigt . Der Zylinder 2 ist mit einer Zylinderbohrung 10 versehen, in der der Kolben 3 in Richtung der Längsachse X der Zylinderbohrung 10 hin- und herbewegbar und frei geführt aufgenommen ist . Der Kolben 3 ist im Zylinder 2 gasgelagert . Die an einem Zylinderkopf 23 ausgebildete kopfseitige Stirnwand 12 der Zylinderbohrung 10 , die Innenumfangswand 14 der Zylinderbohrung 10 und der Kolbenboden 16 begrenzen das Zylindervolumen 18. In die kopfseitige Stirnwand 12 der Zylinderbohrung 10 mündet ein mit einem schematisch gezeigten Ventil 20 versehener Einlaßkanal 22. Ebenfalls in der kopfseitigen Stirnwand 12 ist ein Auslaßkanal 24 vorgesehen, der ein entsprechendes Ventil 26 aufweist ; auch dieser Auslaßkanal mündet in die ZyIinderbohrung 10.In Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through a piston-cylinder unit 1 with a cylinder 2 and a piston 3 is shown. The cylinder 2 is provided with a cylinder bore 10, in which the piston 3 in the direction of the longitudinal axis X of the cylinder bore 10 is moved back and forth freely and taken. The piston 3 is gas-stored in the cylinder 2. The formed on a cylinder head 23 head-side end wall 12 of the cylinder bore 10, the inner peripheral wall 14 of the cylinder bore 10 and the piston head 16 limit the cylinder volume 18th In the head-side end wall 12 of the cylinder bore 10 opens a provided with a valve 20 shown schematically inlet channel 22. Also in the head-side end wall 12, an outlet channel 24 is provided which has a corresponding valve 26; This outlet channel also opens into the ZyIinderbohrung 10th
Bei einer Bewegung des Kolbens 3 in Fig . 1 nach links wird durch den Einlaßkanal 22 und das Einlaßventil 20 Fluid in den Zylinderraum 18 angesaugt und bei einer Bewegung des Kolbens 3 nach rechts wird dieses Fluid im komprimierten Zustand durch das Auslaßventil 26 und den Auslaßkanal 24 ausgestoßen. Die gezeigte Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit 1 ist Teil einer Kolbenarbeitsmaschine , bei der das ausgestoßene Fluid gasförmig ist , wie dies beispielsweise der Fall ist bei einem Kompressor . Die Erfindung ist grundsätzlich aber auch bei anderen Kolbenarbeitsmaschinen einsetzbar, wie beispielsweise bei Pumpen.During a movement of the piston 3 in FIG. 1 to the left is sucked through the inlet passage 22 and the inlet valve 20 fluid in the cylinder chamber 18 and upon movement of the piston 3 to the right of this fluid is discharged in the compressed state through the outlet valve 26 and the outlet channel 24. The piston-cylinder unit 1 shown is part of a piston working machine in which the ejected fluid is gaseous, as is the case for example with a compressor. The invention is basically also applicable to other piston working machines, such as pumps.
Angetrieben wird der Kolben 3 von einem entlang einer Achse Y hin und her schwingenden längsbeweglichen Antriebselement 50 eines Linearantriebs 5 , der in der Figur nur schematisch dargestellt ist . Das bewegliche Antriebselement 50 ist mit dem Kolben 3 über eine Kolbenstange 4 mechanisch verbunden . Die Kolbenstange 4 ist in Axialrichtung unelastisch und somit in der Lage, Axialkräfte vom Antriebselement 50 auf den Kolben 3 zu übertragen.The piston 3 is driven by a longitudinally movable drive element 50 of a linear drive 5 oscillating along an axis Y, which is shown only schematically in the figure. The movable drive element 50 is mechanically connected to the piston 3 via a piston rod 4. The piston rod 4 is inelastic in the axial direction and thus able to transmit axial forces from the drive element 50 to the piston 3.
Die Kolbenstange 4 ist mit dem Antriebselement 50 starr verbunden . Im Kolben 3 ist die Kolbenstange 4 in Richtung der Längsachse X des Zylinders 2 beziehungsweise der mit dieser koaxialen Längsachse X 1 des Kolbens 3 verschiebbar geführt . Dazu ist die Kolbenstange 4 im Inneren des Kolbens 3 von einer ringförmigen Radialstütze 31 gelagert , wobei dieThe piston rod 4 is rigidly connected to the drive element 50. In the piston 3, the piston rod 4 is displaceably guided in the direction of the longitudinal axis X of the cylinder 2 or the longitudinal axis X 1 of the piston 3 coaxial therewith. For this purpose, the piston rod 4 is mounted in the interior of the piston 3 by an annular radial support 31, wherein the
Radialstütze 31 an ihrem radialen Außenumfang mit dem Kolben 3 fest verbunden ist und eine zentrale Öffnung aufweist , durch welche die Kolbenstange 4 axial verschiebbar hindurchgeführt ist .Radial support 31 at its radial outer circumference with the piston 3 is firmly connected and has a central opening through which the piston rod 4 is guided axially displaceable.
Im Kolbenboden 16 ist eine zentrale Durchtrittsöffnung 16 ' vorgesehen (Fig . 2 ) , durch welche die Kolbenstange 4 mit ihrem kolbenseitigen ersten Ende 4 ' axial verschiebbar hindurchgeführt ist . An ihrem kolbenseitigen ersten Ende 4 ' ist die Kolbenstange 4 mit einem stirnseitigen pilzförmigen Kopf 41 versehen, dessen gewölbte Oberfläche zum Zylinderkopf 23 hin weist . Der pilzförmige Kopf 41 bildet auf seiner rückwärtigen, zum Kolbenboden 16 weisenden Seite eine ringförmige Anlagefläche 41 ' aus , deren Außendurchmesser größer ist als der Durchmesser der Öffnung 16 ' im Kolbenboden 16 , so daß die Kolbenstange 4 gegen ein Herausrutschen in den Figuren nach links gesichert ist .In the piston head 16 is a central passage opening 16 'is provided (Fig. 2), through which the piston rod 4 is guided axially displaceable with its piston-side first end 4'. At its piston-side first end 4 ', the piston rod 4 is provided with an end-face mushroom-shaped head 41, whose curved surface faces the cylinder head 23. The mushroom-shaped head 41 forms on its rear, facing the piston head 16 side an annular bearing surface 41 ', whose outer diameter is greater than the diameter of the opening 16' in the piston head 16, so that the piston rod 4 secured against slipping in the figures to the left is.
Das kolbenseitige erste Ende 4 ' der Kolbenstange 4 weist einen gegenüber dem Rest der Kolbenstange 4 verringerten Durchmesser auf . Um diesen Durchmesser kann eine Dichtung 43 angeordnet sein, die den kolbenseitigen erste Endabschnitt 4 ' der Kolbenstange 4 gegenüber dem Innenumfang der Öffnung 16 ' des Kolbenbodens 16 abdichtet .The piston-side first end 4 'of the piston rod 4 has a reduced diameter relative to the rest of the piston rod 4. A seal 43 may be arranged around this diameter, which seals the piston-side first end section 4 'of the piston rod 4 with respect to the inner circumference of the opening 16' of the piston head 16.
Im Inneren des Kolbens 3 ist als elastische Einrichtung 6 im Bereich der radialen Lagerstütze 31 eine ringförmige, gewölbte Tellerfeder 44 vorgesehen, deren Außenumfang am Kolben 3 verankert ist und die eine zentrale Bohrung aufweist , durch welche die Kolbenstange 4 hindurchgeführt ist , wobei der Innenumfang der ringförmigen Tellerfeder 44 an der Kolbenstange 4 verankert ist . Die Tellerfeder 44 ist in der Fig . 1 nach links , also zum Antriebselement 50 hin, konvex gewölbt , so daß die Tellerfeder 44 eine Vorspannung auf die Kolbenstange 4 in Fig . 1 nach links ausübt , wodurch der pilzförmige Kopf 41 am kolbenseitigen ersten Ende 4 ' der Kolbenstange 4 mit seiner ringförmigen Fläche 41 ' gegen den Kolbenboden 16 unter der Spannung der Feder 44 zur Anlage gebracht wird.In the interior of the piston 3 as an elastic means 6 in the region of the radial bearing support 31, an annular, curved plate spring 44 is provided, whose outer periphery is anchored to the piston 3 and which has a central bore through which the piston rod 4 is passed, wherein the inner circumference of annular plate spring 44 is anchored to the piston rod 4. The plate spring 44 is shown in FIG. 1 to the left, ie to the drive element 50, convexly curved, so that the plate spring 44 is a bias on the piston rod 4 in FIG. 1 to the left, whereby the mushroom-shaped head 41 at the piston-side first end 4 'of the piston rod 4 with its annular surface 41' against the Piston bottom 16 is brought under the tension of the spring 44 to the plant.
Wird der Kolben 3 in der Figur nach rechts , also in die Kompressionsstellung, in der das umschlossene Zylindervolumen 18 minimal ist , bewegt , so gerät der Kolbenboden 16 in Anlage an die kopfseitige Stirnwand 12 des Zylinderkopfs 23. Aufgrund der Massenträgheit des bewegbaren Antriebselements 50 und der Kolbenstange 4 führen das Antriebselement 50 und die Kolbenstange 4 diese Bewegung nach rechts gegen die Kraft der Tellerfeder 44 weiter und werden von der Federkraft der Tellerfeder 44 abgebremst . Der pilzförmige Kopf 41 am kolbenseitigen Ende 4 ' der Kolbenstange 4 hebt dabei vom Kolbenboden 16 ab und bewegt sich in eine Aussparung 25 , die im Bereich der Mündung des Auslaßkanals 24 in dasIf the piston 3 in the figure to the right, ie in the compression position in which the enclosed cylinder volume 18 is minimal, moves, so the piston head 16 comes into abutment against the head-side end wall 12 of the cylinder head 23. Due to the inertia of the movable drive element 50 and the piston rod 4, the drive element 50 and the piston rod 4, this movement to the right against the force of the plate spring 44 on and are braked by the spring force of the plate spring 44. The mushroom-shaped head 41 on the piston-side end 4 'of the piston rod 4 lifts off from the piston head 16 and moves into a recess 25 in the region of the mouth of the outlet channel 24 in the
Zylindervolumen 18 im Zylinderkopf 23 ausgebildet ist . Auf diese Weise wird der Impuls beim Auftreffen des Kolbenbodens 16 auf die kopfseitige Stirnwand 12 auf die Masse des Kolbens 3 beschränkt , während die Masse des Antriebselements 50 und der Kolbenstange 4 von der Feder 44 zeitlich nach demCylinder volume 18 is formed in the cylinder head 23. In this way, the impulse upon impact of the piston head 16 is limited to the head-side end wall 12 to the mass of the piston 3, while the mass of the drive member 50 and the piston rod 4 of the spring 44 in time after
Auftreffen des Kolbenbodens 16 auf die kopfseitige Stirnwand 12 abgebremst werden.Impact of the piston head 16 are braked on the head-side end wall 12.
Alternativ kann die Kolbenstange 4 auch fest mit dem Kolben 3 verbunden sein, wobei dann die axialverschiebliche Lagerung der Kolbenstange 4 im Antriebselement 50 vorgesehen ist und das von der Feder 44 gebildete elastische Element zwischen der Kolbenstange 4 und dem Antriebselement 50 vorgesehen ist .Alternatively, the piston rod 4 may also be fixedly connected to the piston 3, in which case the axially displaceable mounting of the piston rod 4 in the drive element 50 is provided and the elastic element formed by the spring 44 is provided between the piston rod 4 and the drive element 50.
Die Erfindung ist nicht auf das obige Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt , das lediglich der allgemeinen Erläuterung des Kerngedankens der Erfindung dient . Im Rahmen des Schutzumfangs kann die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung vielmehr auch andere als die oben beschriebenen Ausgestaltungsformen annehmen. Die Vorrichtung kann hierbei insbesondere Merkmale aufweisen, die eine Kombination aus den j eweiligen Einzelmerkmalen der Ansprüche darstellen .The invention is not limited to the above embodiment, which merely serves to generally explain the essence of the invention. Within the scope of protection, the device according to the invention may also assume other than the above-described embodiments. The device can in particular features which represent a combination of the individual individual features of the claims.
Bezugszeichen in den Ansprüchen, der Beschreibung und den Zeichnungen dienen lediglich dem besseren Verständnis derReference signs in the claims, the description and the drawings are only for the better understanding of the
Erfindung und sollen den Schutzumfang nicht einschränken . Invention and are not intended to limit the scope.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Axial angetriebene Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit mit einem Zylinder (2 ) , einem Kolben (3 ) , der zwischen einer ersten Kolbenstellung, in der das vom Kolben (3 ) und vom Zylinder (2 ) umschlossene Zylindervolumen (18 ) maximal ist , und einer zweiten Kolbenstellung, in der dieses Zylindervolumen minimal ist , in Axialrichtung des Zylinders (2 ) hin- und herbewegbar ist , sowie - einem in Axialrichtung des Zylinders hin- und herbewegbaren Antriebselement (50 ) , das mit dem Kolben (3 ) über eine Kolbenstange (4) mechanisch verbunden ist , dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , - daß die Kolbenstange (4) an ihrem ersten Ende (4 ' ) und/oder an ihrem zweiten Ende (4 " ) mittels einer elastischen Einrichtung (6) mit dem Kolben (3 ) beziehungsweise mit dem Antriebselement (50 ) gegen die Vorspannkraft der elastischen Einrichtung axial relativ beweglich zum Kolben (3 ) beziehungsweise zum Antriebselement (50) derart verbunden ist , daß dann, wenn der Kolbenboden (16) bei einer Bewegung des Kolbens (3 ) in die zweite Kolbenstellung an der köpfseitigen Stirnwand (12 ) an der zylinderkopfseitigen Stirnwand (12 ) derAxially driven piston-cylinder unit with a cylinder (2), a piston (3) which is at a maximum between a first piston position, in which the cylinder volume (18) enclosed by the piston (3) and by the cylinder (2), and a second piston position in which this cylinder volume is minimum, in the axial direction of the cylinder (2) back and forth, and - in the axial direction of the cylinder reciprocable drive element (50) with the piston (3) via a Piston rod (4) is mechanically connected, characterized in that - the piston rod (4) at its first end (4 ') and / or at its second end (4 ") by means of an elastic means (6) with the piston (3) or with the drive element (50) against the biasing force of the elastic means axially relatively movable to the piston (3) or to the drive element (50) is connected such that when the piston head (16) during a movement of Piston (3) in the second piston position on the head side end wall (12) on the cylinder head side end wall (12) of the
Zylinderbohrung (10) zur Anlage kommt , die weitere Bewegung des Antriebselements (50 ) gegen die Kraft der elastischen Einrichtung (6) erfolgt und so das Antriebselement (50 ) abgebremst wird . Cylinder bore (10) comes to rest, the further movement of the drive element (50) takes place against the force of the elastic means (6) and so the drive element (50) is braked.
2. Axial angetriebene Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit nach Anspruch2. Axially driven piston-cylinder unit according to claim
1 , dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß der Kolbenboden (16) mit einer Öffnung (16 ' ) versehen ist , durch die das erste Ende (4 ' ) der Kolbenstange (4) hindurchgeführt ist , daß die Kolbenstange (4) relativ zum Kolben (3 ) in Axialrichtung des Kolbens (3 ) bewegbar ist , daß die elastische Einrichtung (6) zwischen der Kolbenstange und dem Kolben (3 ) vorgesehen ist und daß die elastische Einrichtung (6) die Kolbenstange (4 ) vom Kolben (3 ) zur Antriebseinrichtung (50 ) vorspannt , wobei die Kolbenstange (4 ) mit einem Endanschlag (41 ' ) versehen ist , der verhindert , daß die Kolbenstange (4) aus der Öffnung (16 ' ) austritt .1, characterized in that the piston head (16) is provided with an opening (16 ') through which the first end (4') of the piston rod (4) is passed, that the piston rod (4) relative to the piston (3) in the axial direction of the piston (3) is movable, that the elastic means (6) between the piston rod and the piston (3) is provided and that the elastic means (6) the piston rod (4) from the piston (3) to the drive means (50 ), wherein the piston rod (4) is provided with an end stop (41 ') which prevents the piston rod (4) from emerging from the opening (16').
3. Axial angetriebene Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit nach Anspruch 2 , dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Kolbenstange (4 ) in der Öffnung (16 ' ) abdichtend geführt ist , wozu vorzugsweise eine die Kolbenstange (4 ) umgebende Dichtung (43 ) vorgesehen ist .3. Axially driven piston-cylinder unit according to claim 2, characterized in that the piston rod (4) in the opening (16 ') is sealingly guided, for which purpose preferably a piston rod (4) surrounding seal (43) is provided.
4. Axial angetriebene Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß das Antriebselement (50) mit einer Öffnung versehen ist , durch die das zweite Ende (4 " ) der Kolbenstange (4) hindurchgeführt ist , - daß die Kolbenstange (4) relativ zum Antriebselement (50 ) in Axialrichtung des Antriebselements (50 ) bewegbar ist , daß die elastische Einrichtung zwischen der Kolbenstange (4 ) und dem Antriebselement (50) vorgesehen ist und daß die elastische Einrichtung die Kolbenstange (4) vom Antriebselement (50) zum Kolben (3 ) vorspannt , wobei die Kolbenstange (4 ) mit einem Endanschlag versehen ist , der verhindert , daß die Kolbenstange (4 ) aus der Öffnung austritt .4. Axially driven piston-cylinder unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive element (50) is provided with an opening through which the second end (4 ") of the piston rod (4) is passed, - that the piston rod ( 4) relative to the drive element (50) in the axial direction of the drive element (50) is movable, that the elastic means between the piston rod (4) and the drive element (50) is provided and in that the elastic means biases the piston rod (4) from the drive element (50) to the piston (3), the piston rod (4) being provided with an end stop which prevents the piston rod (4) from exiting the opening.
5. Axial angetriebene Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit nach einem der vorgehenden Ansprüche, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die elastische Einrichtung (6) eine Feder ( 60) aufweist .5. Axially driven piston-cylinder unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it e e n e c e s e s that the elastic means (6) comprises a spring (60).
6. Axial angetriebene Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit nach einem der vorgehenden Ansprüche , dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß der Kolben (3 ) zum hin- und herbewegenden Antrieb von einem beweglichen Antriebselement (50) eines Linearantriebs (5) beaufschlagt ist .6. Axially driven piston-cylinder unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized g e k e n e c i n e t that the piston (3) for reciprocating drive by a movable drive element (50) of a linear drive (5) is acted upon.
7. Kompressor zur Erzeugung eines Druckfluids mit zumindest einer axial angetriebenen Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6. 7. A compressor for generating a pressurized fluid with at least one axially driven piston-cylinder unit (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6.
PCT/EP2006/000191 2005-01-12 2006-01-11 Axially driven piston-cylinder unit WO2006074915A1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

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US11/795,093 US20080118375A1 (en) 2005-01-12 2006-01-11 Axially Driven Piston-Cylinder Unit
JP2007550748A JP2008527271A (en) 2005-01-12 2006-01-11 Axial direction driven piston cylinder unit
EP06701389.6A EP1838963B1 (en) 2005-01-12 2006-01-11 Compressor with axially driven piston-cylinder unit
CN2006800021622A CN101103199B (en) 2005-01-12 2006-01-11 Axially driven piston-cylinder unit

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DE102005001470A DE102005001470B3 (en) 2005-01-12 2005-01-12 Axially driven piston-cylinder unit
DE102005001470.4 2005-01-12

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KR20070106998A (en) 2007-11-06
US20080118375A1 (en) 2008-05-22
CN101103199B (en) 2011-03-23
CN101103199A (en) 2008-01-09
EP1838963B1 (en) 2015-07-08
DE102005001470B3 (en) 2006-07-20
RU2007124544A (en) 2009-02-20

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