WO2006072792A2 - Composes se liant au site actif des proteines kinases - Google Patents

Composes se liant au site actif des proteines kinases Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006072792A2
WO2006072792A2 PCT/GB2006/000034 GB2006000034W WO2006072792A2 WO 2006072792 A2 WO2006072792 A2 WO 2006072792A2 GB 2006000034 W GB2006000034 W GB 2006000034W WO 2006072792 A2 WO2006072792 A2 WO 2006072792A2
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Prior art keywords
phenyl
ethyl
hydroxy
benzyl
methyl
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PCT/GB2006/000034
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English (en)
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WO2006072792A3 (fr
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Veronique Birault
Clifford John Harris
Roger Crossley
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Galapagos Nv
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/4418—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof having a carbocyclic group directly attached to the heterocyclic ring, e.g. cyproheptadine
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/4427—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems
    • A61K31/4433—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems containing a six-membered ring with oxygen as a ring hetero atom
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/4965—Non-condensed pyrazines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/4965—Non-condensed pyrazines
    • A61K31/497—Non-condensed pyrazines containing further heterocyclic rings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/14—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abnormal movements, e.g. chorea, dyskinesia
    • A61P25/16—Anti-Parkinson drugs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
    • A61P27/02—Ophthalmic agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates methods of treatment and use of one or more compounds capable of binding to the active site of protein kinase enzymes in the manufacture of a medicament for application to a number of therapeutic indications including cardiovascular disease (coronary vasospasm, hypertensive disease, arteriosclerosis), stroke, cancer, erectile dysfunction, asthma, osteoporosis, AIDS or an ocular condition including glaucoma, age related macular degeneration, lacrimal gland disease or diabetic retinopathy, or suppression of neurite growth and hence a condition requiring nerve cell extension and connectivity, neuronal regeneration, inducing new axonal growth and promotion of axonal (re)wiring, repairing damage to neurons in the CNS caused by trauma (eg stroke, traumatic brain injury etc.) or neurodegeneration (eg Alzheimer's, Parkinson's etc.), repair and recovery from and treatment of disorders such as spinal cord injury and in reducing the subsequent effects thereof, or pain caused by nerve cell damage such as following trauma or amputation for example in the
  • Protein kinases are a family of enzymes that catalyse the phosphorylation of hydroxyl groups in proteins. Approximately 2% of the genes encoded by the human genome are predicted to encode protein kinases. The reversible phosphorylation of specific tyrosine, serine, or threonine residues on a target protein can dramatically alter its function in several ways including activating or inhibiting enzymatic activity; creating or blocking binding sites for other proteins; altering subcellular localisation or controlling protein stability. Consequently protein kinases are pivotal in the regulation of a wide variety of cellular processes, including metabolism, cell proliferation, differentiation and survival. Of the many different cellular functions know to require the actions of protein kinases, some represent targets for therapeutic intervention for certain disease states.
  • protein tyrosine kinases are known to have a significant role in the development of many disease states including diabetes, cancer and have also been linked to a wide variety of congenital syndromes.
  • Serine threonine kinases also represent a class of enzymes, inhibitors of which are likely to have relevance to the treatment of cancer, diabetes and a variety of inflammatory cardiovascular disorders and AIDS.
  • Protein kinases therefore represent a targeted intervention point in the treatment of a wide range of diseases.
  • Rho kinases TROK Rho kinases
  • Rho family of small GTP binding proteins contains at least 10 members including Rho A-E and G, Rac 1 and 2, Cdc42, and TClO.
  • the effector domains of RhoA, RhoB, and RhoC have the same amino acid sequence appear to have similar intracellular targets.
  • Rho kinase operates as a primary downstream mediator of Rho and exists as two isoforms ⁇ (ROCK2) and ⁇ (ROCKl).
  • ROK has a catalytic (kinase) domain in its N-terminal domain, a coiled-coil domain in its middle portion, and a putative pleckstrin-homology (PH) domain in its C-terminal domain.
  • the Rho-binding domain of ROK is localized in the C-terminal portion of the coiled-coil domain and the binding the GTP-bound form of Rho results in enhancement of kinase activity.
  • myosin-binding subunit of myosin light-chain phosphatase ERM (ezrin, radixin, moesin); adducin; intermediate filament (vimentin); the Na + -H + -exchanger, and LIM-kinase.
  • Rho/Rho-kinase-mediated pathway plays an important role in the signal transduction initiated by many agonists, including angiotensin II, serotonin, thrombin, endothelin-1, norepinephrine, platelet-derived growth factor, ATP/ADP and extracellular nucleotides, and urotensin II.
  • ROK plays an important role in various cellular functions including smooth muscle contraction, actin cytoskeleton organization, cell adhesion and motility and gene expression.
  • Rho-kinase inhibitors have potential utility for the treatment of disorders caused by vascular smooth muscle hyper-constriction, including cerebral vasospasm, coronary vasospasm and hypertension.
  • the beneficial effects of fasudil in the inhibition of cerebral and coronary vasospasm have been documented and there is accumulating evidence that ROK is involved in the pathogenesis of such events.
  • ROK levels of expression and activity are significantly enhanced prior to development of symptoms in spontaneously hypertensive rats suggesting that this kinase is also involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension.
  • short-term administration of Y-27632 preferentially reduces systemic blood pressure in various models of systemic hypertension.
  • ROK has also been shown to be involved in endothelial contraction and enhancement of endothelial permeability which is thought to progress atherosclerosis.
  • the strategy of inhibiting ROK may also be useful for the treatment of other disorders associated with smooth muscle hyper-reactivity, such as bronchial asthma and glaucoma. Indeed, it has been recently demonstrated that ROK is involved in bronchial smooth muscle contraction and the regulation of aqueous humor outflow.
  • ROK is also thought to play a role in the negative regulation of bone marrow formation and that its inhibition may prove to be an appropriate new strategy for treatment of osteoporosis. Based upon rat model data, ROK inhibitors may also be useful for treatment of erectile dysfunction resulting from cavernosal smooth muscle relaxation. ROK inhibitors have also been implicated in treatment of AIDS through the proposed inhibition of HIV replication.
  • Inhibitors of this kinase have also been strongly implicated in the future treatment of cancer. It is known that constitutive activation of the Rho/ROK pathway contributes to the Ras transformation phenotype and mutations of Ras are thought to occur in as many as 25% of human tumours. Indeed pharmacological inhibition of ROK has been demonstrated to reduce both focus formation generated by Ras mutants and anchorage-independent growth in some colorectal cell lines. Evidence also exists to support a critical role for ROK in tumour cell invasion. To this end a ROK therapeutic has the potential for broad applicability to a wide range of cancer types.
  • Rho kinase is involved in the suppression of neurite growth and hence nerve cell extension and connectivity. Rho kinase inhibitors therefore have uses in neuronal regeneration, inducing new axonal growth and in promotion of axonal (re)wiring. They can therefore help in repairing damage to neurons in the CNS caused by trauma (eg stroke, traumatic brain injury etc.) or neurodegeneration (eg Alzheimer's, Parkinson's etc.). Rho kinase inhibitors are also useful in the repair and recovery from and treatment of disorders such as spinal cord injury and in reducing the subsequent effects thereof..
  • trauma eg stroke, traumatic brain injury etc.
  • neurodegeneration eg Alzheimer's, Parkinson's etc.
  • Such inhibitors are also of use in treatment of pain caused by nerve cell damage such as following trauma or amputation for example in the treatment of neuropathic pain.
  • the early generation ROK inhibitors have shown promising efficacy in a variety of disease areas.
  • the development of further ROK inhibitors with improved activity, selectivity and pharmacokinetic profiles is therefore needed to fully exploit the clinical potential of this target.
  • the invention addresses or ameliorates at least one of the disadvantages of the prior art, or provides a useful alternative.
  • the invention provides use of one or more compounds selected from the specific group of compounds that comprises or consists of compounds of formula (I) or (II) in the manufacture of a medicament for treatment or prophylaxis of a condition selected from :
  • an ocular condition including age related macular degeneration, lacrimal gland disease or diabetic retinopathy, or suppression of neurite growth and hence a condition requiring nerve cell extension and connectivity, neuronal regeneration, inducing new axonal growth and promotion of axonal (re)wiring, repairing damage to neurons in the CNS caused by trauma (eg stroke, traumatic brain injury etc.) or neurodegeneration (eg Alzheimer's, Parkinson's etc), repair and recovery from and treatment of disorders such as spinal cord injury and in reducing the subsequent effects thereof, or pain caused by nerve cell damage such as following trauma or amputation for example in the treatment of neuropathic pain, wherein:
  • Rl and R2 are joined to form a ring system, wherein the ring is preferably a 5 to 7 membered ring optionally substituted containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from nitrogen and oxygen. More preferably, the ring is selected from 2-(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-piperidin-l-yl or 4-(2-hydroxy-ethyl) ⁇ piperazin-1-yl; 4-methyl-piperazin-l-yl; 4-pyridin-4-yl-piperazin-l-yl; 4- (2-dimethylamino-ethyl)-piperazin-l-yl; 4-(2-diethylamino-ethyl) ⁇ piperazin-1-yl; morpholin-4-yl; 4-(2-cyano-phenyl)-piperazin-l-yl; 4- methyl-[l,4]diazepan-l-yl; N-(2-dimethylamino-ethyl)-N-rnethyl ⁇ ; 4-
  • Rl is H
  • R2 is 2-pyridin-4-yl-ethyl; 3-chloro-benzyl; benzo[l,3]dioxol-4-ylmethyl; 4-sulfonamide-benzyl; benzyl; thiophen-2-ylmethyl; 1-phenyl-ethyl; 4-(4- amino-benzoylamino)-phenyl; 4-methoxy-benzyl; l-hydroxymethyl-2- methyl-propyl; 2-Pyridin-3-yl-ethyl; 4-phenoxy-phenyl; 4-fluoro-phenyl; 4-[ethyl-(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amino]-phenyl; C1-C6 optionally substituted alkyl, preferably ethyl, propyl, 3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-propyl, 3-hydroxy- propyl, 2-methoxy-ethyl, 2-hydroxy-ethyl, 2-hydroxymethyl-3-methyl- butyl,
  • R3 is benzofuran-2-yl; naphthalen-2-yl; 3-4-methoxy-phenyl; 4- thiomethyl-phenyl; benzothiophen-2-yl; 4-pyridyl; 4-methoxy-phenyl; quinolin-3-yl; benzo[l,3]dioxol-5-yl; 4-hydroxy-phenyl; 4- trifluoromethoxy-phenyl; 3-chloro-4-pyridyl; 3-4-5-methoxy-phenyl; 5- acetyl-thiophen-2-yl; 3-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl; 4-hydroxymethyl-phenyl; N-(4-Methoxy-phenyl)-benzamide-4-yl; 3-fluoro-4-chloro-phenyl; N-(2- Hydroxy-ethyl)-4- benzamide-4-yl; 3-hydroxy-phenyl; 3-acetylamino- phenyl; quinolin-7-
  • R4 and R5 are joined to form a ring system, wherein the ring is preferably 5 to 7 membered optionally substituted containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from nitrogen and oxygen. More preferably, the ring is selected from 2-(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-piperidin-l ⁇ yi or 4-(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-piperazin- 1-yl; 4-methyl-piperazin-l-yl; 4-pyridin-4-yl-piperazin-l-yl; 4-(2- dimethylamino-ethyl)-piperazin-l-yl; 4-(2 ⁇ diethylamino-ethyl)-piperazin ⁇ 1-yl; morpholin-4-yl; 4-(2-cyano-phenyl)-piperazin-l-yl; 4-methyl- [l,4]diazepan-l-yl; N-(2-dimethylamino-ethyl)-N-methyl-; 4-(3,4- dimethoxy-
  • R4 is H or Methyl
  • R5 is 3-hydroxy-phenyl; 3-hydroxybenzoyl; 4-bromo-benzyl; 4- methoxybenzyl; 2,5-hydroxybenzyl; 3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-benzyl; 3- chloro-benzyl; 3-fluoro-4-chloro-benzyl; 3-am ⁇ no-benzyl; 3- trifluoromethoxy-benzyl; 4-hydroxy-benzyl; 4-amino-benzyl; lH-Indol-6- yl; 3-hydroxy-benzyl; naphthalen-2-yl-methyl; benzo[l,3]dioxol-4- ylmethyl; 3,4-fluoro-benzyl; 3,4-chloro-benzyl; furan-3-yl-methyl; 4- methoxy-phenyl; 4-chloro-benzyl; 3-nitro-phenyl; 3,4-methoxy-phenyl; 3- bromo-phenyl; 4-chloro-phenyl; phen
  • R6 is 3-carbamoyl-phenyl; 4-hydroxy-phenyl; 4-amino-phenyl; 3-amino- phenyl; phenyl; lH-Indol-5-yl; 4-pyridyl; 3-hydoxy-phenyl;
  • R2 is 2-pyridin-4-yl-ethyl; thiophen-2-ylmethyl; 4-sulfonamide-benzyl; or 3-chloro-benzyl;
  • R3 is benzothiophen-2-yl; naphthalen-2-yl; 3-4-methoxy-phenyl; or 4- pyridyl; R4 is hydrogen;
  • R5 is 3-hydroxy-benzyl; 4-chloro-benzyl; naphthalen-2-yl-methyl; benzo[l,3]dioxol-4-ylmethyl; 3,4-fluoro-benzyl; 3,4-chloro-benzyl; or furan-3-yl-methyl; and
  • R6 is 3-carbamoyl-phenyl; 4-hydroxy-phenyl; or 4-pyridyl.
  • the invention provides a method of treatment of a condition selected from an ocular condition including age related macular degeneration, lacrimal gland disease or diabetic retinopathy, or suppression of neurite growth and hence a condition requiring nerve cell extension and connectivity, neuronal regeneration, inducing new axonal growth and promotion of axonal (re)wiring, repairing damage to neurons in the CNS caused by trauma (eg stroke, traumatic brain injury etc.) or neurodegeneration (eg Alzheimer's, Parkinson's etc.), repair and recovery from and treatment of disorders such as spinal cord injury and in reducing the subsequent effects thereof, or pain caused by nerve cell damage such as following trauma or amputation for example in the treatment of neuropathic pain that comprises administering a pharmaceutically effective amount of compound I or II described herein.
  • a condition selected from an ocular condition including age related macular degeneration, lacrimal gland disease or diabetic retinopathy, or suppression of neurite growth and hence a condition requiring nerve cell extension and connectivity, neuronal regeneration, inducing
  • compositions suitable for administration typically comprise at least one compound of the invention and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is intended to include any and all solvents, dispersion media, coatings, antibacterial and antifungal agents, isotonic and absorption delaying agents, and the like, compatible with pharmaceutical administration.
  • the use of such media and agents for pharmaceutically active substances is well known in the art. Except insofar as any conventional media or agent is incompatible with the active compound, use thereof in the compositions is contemplated. Supplementary active compounds can also be incorporated into the compositions.
  • a pharmaceutical composition of the invention is formulated to be compatible with its intended route of administration.
  • routes of administration include parenteral, e.g., intravenous, intradermal, subcutaneous, oral (e.g., inhalation), transdermal (topical), transmucosal, and rectal administration.
  • Solutions or suspensions used for parenteral, intradermal, or subcutaneous application can include the following components: a sterile diluent such as water for injection, saline solution, fixed oils, polyethylene glycols, glycerine, propylene glycol or other synthetic solvents; antibacterial agents such as benzyl alcohol or methyl parabens; antioxidants such as ascorbic acid or sodium bisulfite; chelating agents such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; buffers such as acetates, citrates or phosphates and agents for the adjustment of tonicity such as sodium chloride or dextrose. pH can be adjusted with acids or bases, such as hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide.
  • the parenteral preparation can be enclosed in ampoules, disposable syringes or multiple dose vials made of glass or plastic.
  • compositions suitable for injectable use include sterile aqueous solutions (where water soluble) or dispersions and sterile powders for the extemporaneous preparation of sterile injectable solutions or dispersion.
  • suitable carriers include physiological saline, bacteriostatic water, Cremophor ELTM (BASF, Parsippany, NJ) or phosphate buffered saline (PBS).
  • the composition must be sterile and should be fluid to the extent that easy syringability exists. It must be stable under the conditions of manufacture and storage and must be preserved against the contaminating action of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi.
  • the carrier can be a solvent or dispersion medium containing, for example, water, ethanol, polyol (for example, glycerol, propylene glycol, and liquid polyetheylene glycol, and the like), and suitable mixtures thereof.
  • the proper fluidity can be maintained, for example, by the use of a coating such as lecithin, by the maintenance of the required particle size in the case of dispersion and by the use of surfactants.
  • Prevention of the action of microorganisms can be achieved by various antibacterial and antifungal agents, for example, parabens, 'chlorobutanol, phenol, ascorbic acid, thimerosal, and the like.
  • isotonic agents for example, sugars, polyalcohols such as manitol, sorbitol, sodium chloride in the composition.
  • Prolonged absorption of the injectable compositions can be brought about by including in the composition an agent which delays absorption, for example, aluminum mono stearate and gelatin.
  • Sterile injectable solutions can be prepared by incorporating the active compound (e.g., a compound according to an embodiment of the invention) in the required amount in an appropriate solvent with one or a combination of ingredients enumerated above, as required, followed by filtered sterilization.
  • dispersions are prepared by incorporating the active compound into a sterile vehicle which contains a basic dispersion medium and the required other ingredients from those enumerated above.
  • the preferred methods of preparation are vacuum drying and freeze-drying which yields a powder of the active ingredient plus any additional desired ingredient from a previously sterile-filtered solution thereof.
  • Oral compositions generally include an inert diluent or an edible carrier. They can be enclosed in gelatin capsules or compressed into tablets. For the purpose of oral therapeutic administration, the active compound can be incorporated with excipients and used in the form of tablets, troches, or capsules. Oral compositions can also be prepared using a fluid carrier for use as a mouthwash, wherein the compound in the fluid carrier is applied orally and swished and expectorated or swallowed. Pharmaceutically compatible binding agents, and/or adjuvant materials can be included as part of the composition.
  • the tablets, pills, capsules, troches and the like can contain any of the following ingredients, or compounds of a similar nature: a binder such as microcrystalline cellulose, gum tragacanth or gelatin; an excipient such as starch or lactose, a disintegrating agent such as alginic acid, Primogel, or corn starch; a lubricant such as magnesium stearate or Sterotes; a glidant such as colloidal silicon dioxide; a sweetening agent such as sucrose or saccharin; or a flavoring agent such as peppermint, methyl salicylate, or orange flavoring.
  • a binder such as microcrystalline cellulose, gum tragacanth or gelatin
  • an excipient such as starch or lactose, a disintegrating agent such as alginic acid, Primogel, or corn starch
  • a lubricant such as magnesium stearate or Sterotes
  • a glidant such as colloidal silicon dioxide
  • the compounds are delivered in the form of an aerosol spray from pressured container or dispenser which contains a suitable propellant, e.g., a gas such as carbon dioxide, or a nebulizer.
  • a suitable propellant e.g., a gas such as carbon dioxide, or a nebulizer.
  • Systemic administration can also be by transmucosal or transdermal means.
  • penetrants appropriate to the barrier to be permeated are used in the formulation.
  • penetrants are generally known in the art, and include, for example, for transmucosal administration, detergents, bile salts, and fusidic acid derivatives.
  • Transmucosal administration can be accomplished through the use of nasal sprays or suppositories.
  • the active compounds are formulated into ointments, salves, gels, or creams as generally known in the art.
  • the compounds can also be prepared in the form of suppositories (e.g., with conventional suppository bases such as cocoa butter and other glycerides) or retention enemas for rectal delivery.
  • the active compounds are prepared with carriers that will protect the compound against rapid elimination from the body, such as a controlled release formulation, including implants and microencapsulated delivery systems.
  • Biodegradable, biocompatible polymers can be used, such as ethylene vinyl acetate, polyanhydrides, polyglycolic acid, collagen, polyorthoesters, and polylactic acid. Methods for preparation of such formulations will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
  • the materials can also be obtained commercially from Alza Corporation and Nova Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
  • Liposomal suspensions (including liposomes targeted to infected cells with monoclonal antibodies to viral antigens) can also be used as pharmaceutically acceptable carriers. These can be prepared according to methods known to those skilled in the art.
  • Dosage unit form refers to physically discrete units suited as unitary dosages for the subject to be treated; each unit containing a predetermined quantity of active compound calculated to produce the desired therapeutic effect in association with the required pharmaceutical carrier.
  • the specification for the dosage unit forms of the invention are dictated by and directly dependent on the unique characteristics of the active compound and the particular therapeutic effect to be achieved, and the limitations inherent in the art of compounding such an active compound for the treatment of individuals.
  • Toxicity and therapeutic efficacy of such compounds can be determined by standard pharmaceutical procedures in cell cultures or experimental animals, e.g., for determining the LD50 (the dose lethal to 50% of the population) and the ED50 (the dose therapeutically effective in 50% of the population).
  • the dose ratio between toxic and therapeutic effects is the therapeutic index and it can be expressed as the ratio LD50/ED50.
  • Compounds which exhibit large therapeutic indices are preferred. While compounds that exhibit toxic side effects may be used, care should be taken to design a delivery system that targets such compounds to the site of affected tissue in order to minimize potential damage to uninfected cells and, thereby, reduce side effects.
  • the data obtained from the cell culture assays and animal studies can be used in formulating a range of dosage for use in humans.
  • the dosage of such compounds lies preferably within a range of circulating concentrations that include the ED50 with little or no toxicity.
  • the dosage may vary within this range depending upon the dosage form employed and the route of administration utilized.
  • the therapeutically effective dose can be estimated initially from cell culture assays.
  • a dose may be formulated in animal models to achieve a circulating plasma concentration range that includes the IC50 (i.e., the concentration of the test compound which achieves a half-maximal inhibition of symptoms) as determined in cell culture.
  • IC50 i.e., the concentration of the test compound which achieves a half-maximal inhibition of symptoms
  • levels in plasma may be measured, for example, by high performance liquid chromatography.
  • compositions can be included in a container, pack, or dispenser together with instructions for administration.
  • a compound used according to an embodiment of the invention may be provided as a salt, preferably as a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of compounds of formula I or II.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable salts of these compounds include those derived from organic acids such as acetic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, lactic acid, oxalic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, benzoic acid, salicylic acid, phenylacetic acid, mandelic acid, methanesulphonic acid, benzenesulphonic acid and p-toluenesulphonic acid, mineral acids such as hydrochloric and sulphuric acid and the like, giving methanesulphonate, benzenesulphonate, p-toluenesulphonate, hydrochloride and sulphate, and the like, respectively or those derived from bases such as organic and inorganic bases.
  • suitable inorganic bases for the formation of salts of compounds for this invention include the hydroxides, carbonates, and bicarbonates of ammonia, lithium, sodium, calcium, potassium, aluminium, iron, magnesium, zinc and the like. Salts can also be formed with suitable organic bases.
  • bases suitable for the formation of pharmaceutically acceptable base addition salts with compounds of the present invention include organic bases which are nontoxic and strong enough to form salts.
  • Such organic bases are already well known in the art and may include amino acids such as arginine and lysine, mono-, di-, or trihydroxyalkylamines such as mono-, di-, and triethanolamine, choline, mono-, di-, and trialkylamines, such as methylamine, dimethylamine, and trimethylamine, guanidine; /V-methylglucosamine; /V-methylpiperazine; morpholine; ethylenediamine; /V-benzylphenethylamine; tris(hydroxymethyl) aminojnethane; and the like.
  • amino acids such as arginine and lysine, mono-, di-, or trihydroxyalkylamines such as mono-, di-, and triethanolamine, choline, mono-, di-, and trialkylamines, such as methylamine, dimethylamine, and trimethylamine, guanidine; /V-methylglucosamine; /V-methylpiperazine; morpholine
  • Salts of compounds according to an embodiment of the invention may be prepared in a conventional manner using methods well known in the art.
  • Acid addition salts of said basic compounds may be prepared by dissolving the free base compounds according to the first or second aspects of the invention in aqueous or aqueous alcohol solution or other suitable solvents containing the required acid.
  • a base salt of said compound may be prepared by reacting said compound with a suitable base. The acid or base salt may separate directly or can be obtained by concentrating the solution e.g. by evaporation.
  • the compounds of this invention may also exist in solvated or hydrated forms.
  • the invention also extends use of a prodrug of a compound described herein such as an ester or amide thereof.
  • a prodrug is a compound that may be converted under physiological conditions or by solvolysis to a compound according to an embodiment of the invention or to a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of a compound according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • a prodrug may be inactive when administered to a subject but is converted in vivo to an active compound of the invention.
  • a compound for use according to the invention may contain one or more asymmetric carbon atoms and may exist in racemic and optically active forms.
  • a compound for use according to an embodiment of the invention may be in trans or cis form.
  • 2,5-Dibromopyrazine (A) can be aminated with amines.
  • the resultant compounds (B) can then be reacted with the boronic acids to yield the final compounds of formula (I).
  • 3-Amino-5-bromopyridine (C) can be subjected to a copper mediated N- arylation with boronic acids, and the resultant compounds (D) then subjected to Suzuki cross coupling reaction using further boronic acids to yield final compounds of formula (Ha).
  • compounds with the general structure (E) can be synthesised through a reductive amination. Functionalisation at C5 with the boronic acids yields final compounds with the general formula (lib).

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un ou plusieurs composés qui sont des inhibiteurs d'une sérine/thréonine kinase et, d'une manière plus spécifique, de la Rho kinase (ROK, ROCK). Ces composés peuvent être utilisé dans la fabrication d'un médicament pour le traitement ou la prévention d'une maladie choisie dans le groupe constitué : d'une affection oculaire telle que la dégénérescence maculaire liée à l'âge, une maladie de la glande lacrymale ou la rétinopathie diabétique ou la suppression du développement de neurites et donc à une affection nécessitant l'extension et la connectivité de cellules nerveuses, la régénération des neurones, l'induction du développement de nouveaux axones et la promotion du (re)câblage d'axones, la réparation de lésions des neurones dans le SNC provoquées par un traumatisme (par exemple un accident cérébrovasculaire, une lésion cérébrale traumatique, etc.) ou par une neurodégénérescence (par exemple la maladie d'Alzheimer, la maladie de Parkinson, etc.), à la réparation ou la récupération de troubles tels qu'une lésion de la moelle épinière et le traitement de ceux-ci et la réduction des effets subséquents de ceux-ci ou de la douleur provoquée par une lésion des cellules nerveuses telle que celle consécutive à un traumatisme ou à une amputation par exemple dans le traitement de la douleur neuropathique. Les composés selon l'invention sont choisis dans un groupe spécifique de composés qui comprend des composés représentés par la formule (I) ou (II), dans laquelle R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 et R6 sont tels que définis dans le descriptif.
PCT/GB2006/000034 2005-01-07 2006-01-06 Composes se liant au site actif des proteines kinases WO2006072792A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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GBGB0500226.6A GB0500226D0 (en) 2005-01-07 2005-01-07 Compounds which bind to the active site of protein kinase enzymes
GB0500226.6 2005-01-07

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009107391A1 (fr) * 2008-02-27 2009-09-03 武田薬品工業株式会社 Composé contenant un cycle aromatique à 6 chaînons
US8207195B2 (en) 2008-06-26 2012-06-26 Inspire Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Method for treating neurological and neuropathic diseases using rho kinase inhibitor compounds
US8211919B2 (en) 2005-09-02 2012-07-03 Astellas Pharma Inc. Amide derivatives as rock inhibitors
CN105985322A (zh) * 2015-03-03 2016-10-05 苏州翔实医药发展有限公司 氨基吡嗪化合物及其用途
WO2017064119A1 (fr) 2015-10-13 2017-04-20 INSERM (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) Méthodes et compositions pharmaceutiques pour le traitement de la non-perfusion des capillaires de la rétine
EP4088719A1 (fr) 2015-10-13 2022-11-16 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Procédés et compositions pharmaceutiques pour le traitement de non-perfusion capillaire rétinienne

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001087853A1 (fr) * 2000-05-17 2001-11-22 Universite Catholique De Louvain Derives de pyrazine et d'imidazopyrazine comme antioxydants
WO2002024681A2 (fr) * 2000-09-20 2002-03-28 Ortho-Mcneil Pharmaceutical, Inc. Derives de pyrazine tenant lieu de modulateurs de tyrosine kinase
US20030103957A1 (en) * 2001-04-12 2003-06-05 Mckerracher Lisa Fusion proteins
WO2003062227A1 (fr) * 2002-01-23 2003-07-31 Bayer Pharmaceuticals Corporation Inhibiteurs de kinase rho
WO2004085409A2 (fr) * 2003-03-28 2004-10-07 Biofocus Discovery Ltd Bibliotheque de composes
WO2005003101A2 (fr) * 2003-07-02 2005-01-13 Biofocus Discovery Limited Composes se liant au site actif d'enzymes proteine kinases

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001087853A1 (fr) * 2000-05-17 2001-11-22 Universite Catholique De Louvain Derives de pyrazine et d'imidazopyrazine comme antioxydants
WO2002024681A2 (fr) * 2000-09-20 2002-03-28 Ortho-Mcneil Pharmaceutical, Inc. Derives de pyrazine tenant lieu de modulateurs de tyrosine kinase
US20030103957A1 (en) * 2001-04-12 2003-06-05 Mckerracher Lisa Fusion proteins
WO2003062227A1 (fr) * 2002-01-23 2003-07-31 Bayer Pharmaceuticals Corporation Inhibiteurs de kinase rho
WO2004085409A2 (fr) * 2003-03-28 2004-10-07 Biofocus Discovery Ltd Bibliotheque de composes
WO2005003101A2 (fr) * 2003-07-02 2005-01-13 Biofocus Discovery Limited Composes se liant au site actif d'enzymes proteine kinases

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8211919B2 (en) 2005-09-02 2012-07-03 Astellas Pharma Inc. Amide derivatives as rock inhibitors
WO2009107391A1 (fr) * 2008-02-27 2009-09-03 武田薬品工業株式会社 Composé contenant un cycle aromatique à 6 chaînons
US8207195B2 (en) 2008-06-26 2012-06-26 Inspire Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Method for treating neurological and neuropathic diseases using rho kinase inhibitor compounds
CN105985322A (zh) * 2015-03-03 2016-10-05 苏州翔实医药发展有限公司 氨基吡嗪化合物及其用途
WO2017064119A1 (fr) 2015-10-13 2017-04-20 INSERM (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) Méthodes et compositions pharmaceutiques pour le traitement de la non-perfusion des capillaires de la rétine
EP4088719A1 (fr) 2015-10-13 2022-11-16 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Procédés et compositions pharmaceutiques pour le traitement de non-perfusion capillaire rétinienne

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WO2006072792A3 (fr) 2007-01-11

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