WO2006072287A1 - Method for producing an intermediate shaft provided with a integral spherical hub - Google Patents

Method for producing an intermediate shaft provided with a integral spherical hub Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006072287A1
WO2006072287A1 PCT/EP2005/012607 EP2005012607W WO2006072287A1 WO 2006072287 A1 WO2006072287 A1 WO 2006072287A1 EP 2005012607 W EP2005012607 W EP 2005012607W WO 2006072287 A1 WO2006072287 A1 WO 2006072287A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shaft
joint part
inner joint
steel
piece
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2005/012607
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Hans-Heinrich Welschof
Original Assignee
Gkn Driveline Deutschland Gmbh
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gkn Driveline Deutschland Gmbh filed Critical Gkn Driveline Deutschland Gmbh
Publication of WO2006072287A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006072287A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/22—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts
    • F16D3/223—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D1/00—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements
    • F16D1/06—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end
    • F16D1/064—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end non-disconnectable
    • F16D1/068—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end non-disconnectable involving gluing, welding or the like
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
    • C21D2221/10—Differential treatment of inner with respect to outer regions, e.g. core and periphery, respectively
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/50—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for welded joints
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2250/00—Manufacturing; Assembly
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2300/00—Special features for couplings or clutches
    • F16D2300/10—Surface characteristics; Details related to material surfaces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing an intermediate shaft consisting of a shaft piece and at least one inner joint part of a constant-velocity rotary joint, the shaft piece and the inner joint part being welded to one another, for using the intermediate shaft in a drive shaft.
  • Intermediate shafts of the type defined herewith which comprise a shaft piece and at least one inner joint part, are generally joined together by plug-in connections, an inner shaft toothing being provided in the inner joint part and an outer shaft toothing being provided at the end of the shaft piece, which engage in a form-fitting manner.
  • Additional securing means for example a securing ring inserted in a pair of ring grooves, are required for mutual axial securing.
  • the disadvantage here is the complex production and the multiplicity of the connection.
  • torsional play can occur in the connection when the torque is loaded.
  • a heat treatment method for drive shafts is known from DE 39 36 368 A1; a method for hardening hollow shafts is described in DE 197 04 871 C1. In both publications the question of the connection of the shafts with connection elements is not considered.
  • the object of the present invention is to further optimize the method for producing intermediate shafts of the type mentioned with regard to the production and the inherent shadows.
  • the solution to this lies in a method which is characterized in that the intermediate shaft is heat-treated after the weld connection has been established, the inner joint part in the outer layer being hardened to at least 57 HRC and the shaft piece in the core to at least 48 HRC during the heat treatment.
  • a shaft of this type offers the possibility that the intermediate shaft is first joined by welding the inner joint part and intermediate shaft and then heat-treated overall, in particular firstly case-hardened. It is preferably provided that the shaft piece in the outer layer is hardened to the same hardness as the inner joint part in the outer layer.
  • a case hardening steel be selected for the inner joint part as material and a case hardening steel or a tempering steel for the shaft piece as material.
  • a tubular shaft is selected for the shaft piece, the tensile strength in the core of the shaft material after hardening being at least 1000 N / mm 2 .
  • a solid shaft is selected for the shaft piece, the tensile strength in the core of the shaft material after hardening being at least 600 N / mm 2 .
  • case-hardening steel one with a carbon content of less than 0.2% can be chosen, in particular CrMnNi steel. If a pipe shaft for the shaft piece If selected, a CrMnBo steel in particular can be proposed. If a solid shaft is provided for the shaft piece, a case hardening steel or a tempering steel can be selected for this.
  • the above information is a prerequisite for the intermediate shaft to be subjected to a hardening process with prior carburization of the surface layer. After the heat treatment, there should be a carbon content of less than 0.3% in the core of the material and a carbon content of more than 0.8% in the surface layer.
  • an annular collar or a spigot should be formed on the inner joint part to produce the welded connection.
  • the inner joint parts and shaft pieces can be connected to one another by laser, magnetic arc or friction welding.
  • the present invention provides intermediate shafts which are particularly light and have good strength properties.
  • the process of joint heat treatment of the intermediate shafts after the weld connection has been made is particularly simple and inexpensive.
  • the weld seam is also included in the heat treatment, so that non-uniformities in the material properties in the area of the weld seam can be eliminated or reduced.
  • the above invention encompasses all complete cardan shafts which comprise an intermediate shaft of the type mentioned and described above and at least one complete constant-velocity rotary joint.
  • Figure 1 shows an intermediate shaft according to the invention in a VL constant velocity sliding joint in a first embodiment in longitudinal section;
  • Figure 2 shows an intermediate shaft according to the invention in a second embodiment in installation with two VL constant velocity sliding joints in longitudinal section.
  • FIG. 1 shows an intermediate shaft 11 according to the invention consisting of an inner joint part 12 and a hollow shaft 13 installed in a VL constant velocity joint 21.
  • the inner joint part 12 has a radial bottom 14 and an annular extension 15 to which the end of the hollow shaft 13 is welded.
  • the hollow shaft 13 consists of a tube section and a multi-stepped hollow pin 16 welded to it, which at the end has a shaft toothing 17 for the rotationally fixed connection with another inner joint part.
  • the VL sliding joint comprises an outer joint part 22 with frame 28, a base 24 and an adjoining shaft journal 25, which externally carries shaft teeth 26 for connection, for example to a wheel hub.
  • outer joint part 22 and base 24 are welded to one another via a friction weld seam 27, while in the illustration of the lower half of the image outer part 22 in the narrower sense and base 24 are in one piece.
  • the joint is completed by circumferentially distributed torque transmitting balls 23, which engage in the tracks 18 of the inner joint part and the tracks 28 of the outer joint part, and by a ball cage 29, which holds the balls in a common plane.
  • the tracks 18 and 28 each run parallel to the axes of the respective joint components 12, 22.
  • the joint is sealed off from the intermediate shaft 11 by a bellows 31, the smaller first collar 32 of which is fixed on the shaft tube 13 by means of a clamping band 33, while the second larger collar 34 is fixed on the outer part 22 of the joint by means of a clamping band 35.
  • FIG. 2 details corresponding to those in FIG. 1 have reference numerals increased by 30.
  • an intermediate shaft 41 consisting of two inner joint parts 42, 42 'and a solid shaft 43 is installed with two VL constant velocity joints 51, 51 'are shown.
  • the inner joint parts 42, 42 'each have a radial bottom 44, 44' and a pin extension 45, 45 'to which the ends of the solid shaft 43 are welded.
  • the VL sliding joints each comprise an outer joint part 52, 52 'with tracks 58, 58', a base 54, 54 'and an adjoining shaft journal 55, 55', each of which has shaft teeth 56, 56 'on the outside for connection to a wheel hub or a transmission sleeve.
  • outer joint part 52, 52 'and base 54, 54' are welded to one another via a friction weld seam 57, 57 ', while in the illustration of the other half of the image outer part 52, 52' in the narrower sense and base 54, 54 'are in one piece are.
  • the joints are completed by circumferentially distributed torque-transmitting balls 53, 53 ', which engage in the tracks 48, 48' of the inner joint part and the tracks 58, 58 'of the outer joint part, and in each case by a ball cage 59, 59', which holds the balls in each case holds in a common plane.
  • the tracks 48, 48 'and 58, 58' each run parallel to the axes of the respective joint components 42, 42 ', 52, 52'.
  • the joints are sealed off from the intermediate shaft 41 by bellows 61, 61 ', the smaller first collar 62, 62' of which is fixed on the shaft piece by means of a tensioning strap 63, 63 ', while the second larger collar 64, 64' is each secured by means of a tensioning strap 65, 65 'is fixed on the outer joint part 52, 52'.

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing an intermediate shaft consisting of a shaft piece and at least one joint inner part of a synchronous rotating joint. The shaft piece and the inner joint part are welded together. A thermal treatment of the intermediate shaft takes place after the welding connection is produced. The thermal treatment hardens the inner joint part (12) in the edge area to at least 57 HRC and the shaft piece (13) in the centre to at least 48 HRC.

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Zwischenwelle mit einer integralen Kugelnabe Method of manufacturing an intermediate shaft with an integral ball hub
Beschreibungdescription
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Zwischenwelle bestehend aus einem Wellenstück und zumindest einem Gelenkinnenteil eines Gleichlaufdreh- gelenks, wobei das Wellenstück und das Gelenkinnenteil miteinander verschweißt werden, zur Verwendung der Zwischenwelle in einer Gelenkwelle.The invention relates to a method for producing an intermediate shaft consisting of a shaft piece and at least one inner joint part of a constant-velocity rotary joint, the shaft piece and the inner joint part being welded to one another, for using the intermediate shaft in a drive shaft.
Zwischenwellen der hiermit definierten Art, die ein Wellenstück und zumindest ein Gelenkinnenteil umfassen, werden in der Regel durch Einsteckverbindungen zu- sammengefügt, wobei im Gelenkinnenteil eine innenliegende Wellenverzahnung und am Ende des Wellenstücks eine außenliegende Wellenverzahnung vorgesehen sind, die formschlüssig ineinandergreifen. Es sind zusätzliche Sicherungsmittel, beispielsweise ein in paarig angeordnete Ringnuten eingesetzter Sicherungsring, zur gegenseitigen Axialsicherung erforderlich. Nachteilig ist hierbei die aufwendige Herstellung sowie die Vielteiligkeit der Verbindung. Darüber hinaus kann in der Verbindung bei Drehmomentbelastung Drehspiel entstehen.Intermediate shafts of the type defined herewith, which comprise a shaft piece and at least one inner joint part, are generally joined together by plug-in connections, an inner shaft toothing being provided in the inner joint part and an outer shaft toothing being provided at the end of the shaft piece, which engage in a form-fitting manner. Additional securing means, for example a securing ring inserted in a pair of ring grooves, are required for mutual axial securing. The disadvantage here is the complex production and the multiplicity of the connection. In addition, torsional play can occur in the connection when the torque is loaded.
Aus der DE 34 30 067 C1 ist es bekannt, das Gelenkinnenteil eines VL- Gleichlaufgelenkes mittels einer Schweißung mit einem hohlen Wellenrohr zu ver- binden. Hiermit sind erhebliche Kostenvorteile zu erzielen. Darüber hinaus ist die so gestaltete Zwischenwelle sehr leicht.From DE 34 30 067 C1 it is known to connect the inner joint part of a VL constant velocity joint by means of a weld to a hollow shaft tube. This enables considerable cost advantages to be achieved. In addition, the intermediate shaft designed in this way is very light.
Aus der DE 196 48 537 C1 ist es weiterhin bekannt, eine Gelenkwelle mit zwei VL- Gleichlaufgelenken herzustellen, bei der beide Gelenkinnenteile über Schweißver- bindungen mit einer verbindenden Rohrwelle verbunden sind. Hiermit wird der Kosten- und Gewichtsvorteil der genannten Schweißverbindung in einer Zwischenwelle vollständig ausgeschöpft.From DE 196 48 537 C1 it is also known to produce a cardan shaft with two VL constant velocity joints, in which both joint inner parts are connected to a connecting tubular shaft by means of welded connections. This is the cost and weight advantage of the welded connection in an intermediate shaft completely exhausted.
Ein Wärmebehandlungsverfahren für Antriebswellen ist aus der DE 39 36 368 A1 bekannt; ein Verfahren zum Härten von Hohlwellen ist in der DE 197 04 871 C1 be- schrieben. In beiden Veröffentlichungen bleibt die Frage der Verbindung der Wellen mit Anschlußelementen unberücksichtigt.A heat treatment method for drive shafts is known from DE 39 36 368 A1; a method for hardening hollow shafts is described in DE 197 04 871 C1. In both publications the question of the connection of the shafts with connection elements is not considered.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, das Verfahren zur Herstellung von Zwischenwellen der genannten Art bezüglich der Fertigung und der Eigen- schatten weiter zu optimieren. Die Lösung hierfür liegt in einem Verfahren, das sich dadurch auszeichnet, daß eine Wärmebehandlung der Zwischenwelle nach dem Herstellen der Schweißverbindung erfolgt, wobei bei der Wärmebehandlung das Gelenkinnenteil in der Randschicht auf zumindest 57 HRC und das Wellenstück im Kern auf zumindest 48 HRC aufgehärtet wird. Eine Welle dieser Art bietet die Möglichkeit, daß die Zwischenwelle zunächst durch Verschweißen von Gelenkinnenteil und Zwischenwelle gefügt und dann insgesamt wärmebehandelt wird, insbesondere zunächst einsatzgehärtet wird. Bevorzugt ist vorgesehen, daß das Wellenstück in der Randschicht auf die gleiche Härte wie das Gelenkinnenteil in der Randschicht aufgehärtet wird.The object of the present invention is to further optimize the method for producing intermediate shafts of the type mentioned with regard to the production and the inherent shadows. The solution to this lies in a method which is characterized in that the intermediate shaft is heat-treated after the weld connection has been established, the inner joint part in the outer layer being hardened to at least 57 HRC and the shaft piece in the core to at least 48 HRC during the heat treatment. A shaft of this type offers the possibility that the intermediate shaft is first joined by welding the inner joint part and intermediate shaft and then heat-treated overall, in particular firstly case-hardened. It is preferably provided that the shaft piece in the outer layer is hardened to the same hardness as the inner joint part in the outer layer.
Um die gewünschten Ergebnisse sicherzustellen, wird vorgeschlagen, daß für das Gelenkinnenteil als Werkstoff ein Einsatzstahl und für das Wellenstück als Werkstoff ein Einsatzstahl oder ein Vergütungsstahl ausgewählt wird.In order to ensure the desired results, it is proposed that a case hardening steel be selected for the inner joint part as material and a case hardening steel or a tempering steel for the shaft piece as material.
Nach einer ersten Alternative ist vorgesehen, daß für das Wellenstück eine Rohrwelle ausgewählt wird, wobei die Zugfestigkeit im Kern des Wellenmaterials nach dem Aufhärten mindestens 1000 N/mm2 betragen soll. Nach einer zweiten Alternative ist vorgesehen, daß für das Wellenstück eine Vollwelle ausgewählt wird, wobei die Zugfestigkeit im Kern des Wellenmaterials nach dem Aufhärten mindestens 600 N/mm2 betragen soll.According to a first alternative, it is provided that a tubular shaft is selected for the shaft piece, the tensile strength in the core of the shaft material after hardening being at least 1000 N / mm 2 . According to a second alternative, a solid shaft is selected for the shaft piece, the tensile strength in the core of the shaft material after hardening being at least 600 N / mm 2 .
Als Einsatzstahl kann ein solcher mit einen Kohlenstoffgehalt von unter 0,2 % gewählt werden, insbesondere CrMnNi-Stahl. Wenn für das Wellenstück eine Rohrwel- Ie ausgewählt wird, kann insbesondere ein CrMnBo-Stahl vorgeschlagen werden. Wenn für das Wellenstück eine Vollwelle vorgesehen ist, kann für diese ein Einsatzstahl oder ein Vergütungsstahl gewählt werden.As a case-hardening steel, one with a carbon content of less than 0.2% can be chosen, in particular CrMnNi steel. If a pipe shaft for the shaft piece If selected, a CrMnBo steel in particular can be proposed. If a solid shaft is provided for the shaft piece, a case hardening steel or a tempering steel can be selected for this.
Die vorstehenden Angaben sind Voraussetzung dafür, daß die Zwischenwelle einem Härteverfahren mit vorheriger Aufkohlung der Randschicht unterworfen wird. Hierbei soll nach der Wärmebehandlung im Kern des Materials ein Kohlenstoffgehalt von weniger als 0,3 % und in der Randschicht ein Kohlenstoffgehalt von mehr als 0,8 % vorliegen.The above information is a prerequisite for the intermediate shaft to be subjected to a hardening process with prior carburization of the surface layer. After the heat treatment, there should be a carbon content of less than 0.3% in the core of the material and a carbon content of more than 0.8% in the surface layer.
Je nachdem, ob das verwendete Wellenstück eine Rohrwelle oder eine Vollwelle ist, ist jeweils entsprechend zur Herstellung der Schweißverbindung am Gelenkinnenteil ein Ringbund oder ein Zapfenansatz anzuformen.Depending on whether the shaft piece used is a tubular shaft or a solid shaft, an annular collar or a spigot should be formed on the inner joint part to produce the welded connection.
Die Gelenkinnenteile und Wellenstücke können durch Laser-, Magnetarc- oder Reib- schweißung miteinander verbunden werden.The inner joint parts and shaft pieces can be connected to one another by laser, magnetic arc or friction welding.
Mit der vorliegenden Erfindung werden Zwischenwellen bereitgestellt, die besonders leicht sind und dabei gute Festigkeitseigenschaften haben. Das Verfahren der gemeinsamen Wärmebehandlung der Zwischenwellen nach dem Herstellen der Schweißverbindung ist besonders einfach und kostengünstig. In vorteilhafter Weise wird die Schweißnaht von der Wärmebehandlung miterfaßt, so daß Ungleichförmigkeiten der Werkstoffeigenschaften im Bereich der Schweißnaht beseitigt oder reduziert werden können.The present invention provides intermediate shafts which are particularly light and have good strength properties. The process of joint heat treatment of the intermediate shafts after the weld connection has been made is particularly simple and inexpensive. In an advantageous manner, the weld seam is also included in the heat treatment, so that non-uniformities in the material properties in the area of the weld seam can be eliminated or reduced.
Die vorstehende Erfindung umfaßt alle vollständigen Gelenkwellen, die eine Zwischenwelle der vorstehend genannten und beschriebenen Art sowie zumindest ein vollständiges Gleichlaufdrehgelenk umfassen.The above invention encompasses all complete cardan shafts which comprise an intermediate shaft of the type mentioned and described above and at least one complete constant-velocity rotary joint.
Bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und werden nachstehend beschrieben. Figur 1 zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Zwischenwelle in Verbauung in einem VL- Gleichlaufschiebegelenk in einer ersten Ausführungsform im Längsschnitt;Preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and are described below. Figure 1 shows an intermediate shaft according to the invention in a VL constant velocity sliding joint in a first embodiment in longitudinal section;
Figur 2 zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Zwischenwelle in einer zweiten Ausführungsform in Verbauung mit zwei VL-Gleichlaufschiebegelenken im Längsschnitt.Figure 2 shows an intermediate shaft according to the invention in a second embodiment in installation with two VL constant velocity sliding joints in longitudinal section.
In Figur 1 ist eine erfindungsgemäße Zwischenwelle 11 bestehend aus einem Gelenkinnenteil 12 und einer Hohlwelle 13 in Verbauung in einem VL-Gleichlaufgelenk 21 gezeigt. Das Gelenkinnenteil 12 weist einen radialen Boden 14 sowie einen ringförmigen Ansatz 15 auf, an dem das Ende der Hohlwelle 13 angeschweißt ist. Die Hohlwelle 13 besteht aus einem Rohrabschnitt und einem daran angeschweißten mehrfach abgestuften Hohlzapfen 16, der am Ende außen eine Wellenverzahnung 17 zur drehfesten Verbindung mit einem weiteren Gelenkinnenteil aufweist. Das VL- Verschiebegelenk umfaßt ein Gelenkaußenteil 22 mit Rahmen 28, einen Boden 24 sowie einen daran anschließenden Wellenzapfen 25, der außen eine Wellenverzahnung 26 zur Verbindung, beispielsweise mit einer Radnabe, trägt. In der Darstellung der oberen Bildhälfte sind Gelenkaußenteil 22 und Boden 24 über eine Reibschweißnaht 27 miteinander verschweißt, während in der Darstellung der unteren Bildhälfte Außenteil 22 im engeren Sinne und Boden 24 einstückig sind. Das Gelenk wird vervollständigt durch umfangsverteilte drehmomentübertragende Kugeln 23, die in die Bahnen 18 des Gelenkinnenteils und die Bahnen 28 des Gelenkaußenteils eingreifen, sowie durch einen Kugelkäfig 29, der die Kugeln in einer gemeinsamen Ebene hält. Die Bahnen 18 und 28 verlaufen jeweils parallel zu den Achsen der jeweiligen Gelenkbauteile 12, 22.FIG. 1 shows an intermediate shaft 11 according to the invention consisting of an inner joint part 12 and a hollow shaft 13 installed in a VL constant velocity joint 21. The inner joint part 12 has a radial bottom 14 and an annular extension 15 to which the end of the hollow shaft 13 is welded. The hollow shaft 13 consists of a tube section and a multi-stepped hollow pin 16 welded to it, which at the end has a shaft toothing 17 for the rotationally fixed connection with another inner joint part. The VL sliding joint comprises an outer joint part 22 with frame 28, a base 24 and an adjoining shaft journal 25, which externally carries shaft teeth 26 for connection, for example to a wheel hub. In the illustration of the upper half of the picture, outer joint part 22 and base 24 are welded to one another via a friction weld seam 27, while in the illustration of the lower half of the image outer part 22 in the narrower sense and base 24 are in one piece. The joint is completed by circumferentially distributed torque transmitting balls 23, which engage in the tracks 18 of the inner joint part and the tracks 28 of the outer joint part, and by a ball cage 29, which holds the balls in a common plane. The tracks 18 and 28 each run parallel to the axes of the respective joint components 12, 22.
Das Gelenk wird gegenüber der Zwischenwelle 11 durch einen Faltenbalg 31 abgedichtet, dessen kleinerer erster Bund 32 mittels eines Spannbandes 33 auf dem Wellenrohr 13 festgelegt ist, während der zweite größere Bund 34 mittels eines Spannbandes 35 auf dem Gelenkaußenteil 22 festgelegt ist.The joint is sealed off from the intermediate shaft 11 by a bellows 31, the smaller first collar 32 of which is fixed on the shaft tube 13 by means of a clamping band 33, while the second larger collar 34 is fixed on the outer part 22 of the joint by means of a clamping band 35.
In Figur 2 sind entsprechende Einzelheiten wie in Figur 1 mit um 30 erhöhten Bezugsziffern belegt. In Figur 2 ist eine erfindungsgemäße Zwischenwelle 41 bestehend aus zwei Gelenkinnenteilen 42, 42' und einer Vollwelle 43 in Verbauung mit zwei VL-Gleichlaufgelenken 51 , 51' gezeigt. Die Gelenkinnenteile 42, 42' weisen jeweils einen radialen Boden 44, 44' sowie einen Zapfenansatz 45, 45' auf, an denen die Enden der Vollwelle 43 angeschweißt sind. Die VL-Verschiebegelenke umfassen jeweils ein Gelenkaußenteil 52, 52' mit Bahnen 58, 58', einen Boden 54, 54' sowie einen daran anschließenden Wellenzapfen 55, 55', der jeweils außen eine Wellenverzahnung 56, 56' zur Verbindung mit einer Radnabe bzw. einer Getriebehülse, trägt. In der Darstellung jeweils einer Bildhälfte sind Gelenkaußenteil 52, 52' und Boden 54, 54' über eine Reibschweißnaht 57, 57' miteinander verschweißt, während in der Darstellung der anderen Bildhälfte Außenteil 52, 52' im engeren Sinne und Boden 54, 54' einstückig sind. Die Gelenke werden vervollständigt durch umfangsver- teilte drehmomentübertragende Kugeln 53, 53', die in die Bahnen 48, 48' des Gelenkinnenteils und die Bahnen 58, 58' des Gelenkaußenteils eingreifen, sowie durch jeweils einen Kugelkäfig 59, 59', der die Kugeln jeweils in einer gemeinsamen Ebene hält. Die Bahnen 48, 48' und 58, 58' verlaufen jeweils parallel zu den Achsen der jeweiligen Gelenkbauteile 42, 42', 52, 52'.In FIG. 2, details corresponding to those in FIG. 1 have reference numerals increased by 30. In Figure 2, an intermediate shaft 41 according to the invention consisting of two inner joint parts 42, 42 'and a solid shaft 43 is installed with two VL constant velocity joints 51, 51 'are shown. The inner joint parts 42, 42 'each have a radial bottom 44, 44' and a pin extension 45, 45 'to which the ends of the solid shaft 43 are welded. The VL sliding joints each comprise an outer joint part 52, 52 'with tracks 58, 58', a base 54, 54 'and an adjoining shaft journal 55, 55', each of which has shaft teeth 56, 56 'on the outside for connection to a wheel hub or a transmission sleeve. In the illustration of one half of the picture, outer joint part 52, 52 'and base 54, 54' are welded to one another via a friction weld seam 57, 57 ', while in the illustration of the other half of the image outer part 52, 52' in the narrower sense and base 54, 54 'are in one piece are. The joints are completed by circumferentially distributed torque-transmitting balls 53, 53 ', which engage in the tracks 48, 48' of the inner joint part and the tracks 58, 58 'of the outer joint part, and in each case by a ball cage 59, 59', which holds the balls in each case holds in a common plane. The tracks 48, 48 'and 58, 58' each run parallel to the axes of the respective joint components 42, 42 ', 52, 52'.
Die Gelenke werden gegenüber der Zwischenwelle 41 durch Faltenbälge 61 , 61' abgedichtet, deren kleinerer erster Bund 62, 62' jeweils mittels eines Spannbandes 63, 63' auf dem Wellenstück festgelegt ist, während jeweils der zweite größere Bund 64, 64' mittels eines Spannbandes 65, 65' auf dem Gelenkaußenteil 52, 52' festgelegt ist. The joints are sealed off from the intermediate shaft 41 by bellows 61, 61 ', the smaller first collar 62, 62' of which is fixed on the shaft piece by means of a tensioning strap 63, 63 ', while the second larger collar 64, 64' is each secured by means of a tensioning strap 65, 65 'is fixed on the outer joint part 52, 52'.
Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Zwischenwelle mit einer integralen KugelnabeMethod of manufacturing an intermediate shaft with an integral ball hub
BezugszeichenlisteReference symbol list
11 , 41 Zwischenwelle11, 41 intermediate shaft
12, 42 Gelenkinnenteil12, 42 inner joint part
13, 43 Wellenrohr, Vollwelie13, 43 shaft tube, full welie
14, 44 Zwischenboden14, 44 intermediate floor
15, 45 Ansatz15, 45 approach
16 Hohlzapfen16 hollow pins
17 Wellenverzahnung17 shaft splines
18, 48 Kugelbahn18, 48 ball track
21 , 51 VL-Gelenk21, 51 VL joint
22, 52 Gelenkaußenteil22, 52 outer joint part
23, 53 Kugel23, 53 bullet
24, 54 Gelenkboden24, 54 articulated floor
25, 55 Zapfen25, 55 tenons
26, 56 Wellenverzahnung26, 56 shaft toothing
27, 57 Schweißnaht27, 57 weld
28, 58 Kugelbahn28, 58 marble run
29, 59 Kugelkäfig29, 59 ball cage
31 , 61 Faltenbalg31, 61 bellows
32, 62 Bund ,63 Spannband ,64 Bund ,65 Spannband 32, 62 fret , 63 tension strap, 64 collar, 65 tension strap

Claims

Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Zwischenwelle mit einer integralen KugelnabePatentansprüche Method of manufacturing an intermediate shaft with an integral ball hub
1. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Zwischenwelle bestehend aus einem Wellenstück und zumindest einem Gelenkinnenteil eines Gleichlaufdrehgelenks, wobei das Wellenstück und das Gelenkinnenteil miteinander verschweißt werden,1. A method for producing an intermediate shaft consisting of a shaft piece and at least one inner joint part of a constant-velocity rotary joint, the shaft piece and the inner joint part being welded to one another,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,characterized,
daß eine Wärmebehandlung der Zwischenwelle nach dem Herstellen der Schweißverbindung erfolgt, wobei bei der Wärmebehandlung das Gelenkinnenteil (12, 42) in der Randschicht auf zumindest 57 HRC und das Wellenstück (13, 53) im Kern auf zumindest 48 HRC aufgehärtet wird.that the intermediate shaft is heat-treated after the weld connection has been made, the inner joint part (12, 42) in the outer layer being hardened to at least 57 HRC and the shaft piece (13, 53) in the core to at least 48 HRC during the heat treatment.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 ,2. The method according to claim 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,characterized,
daß das Wellenstück (13, 53) in der Randschicht auf die gleiche Härte wie das Gelenkinnenteil (12, 42) in der Randschicht aufgehärtet wird.that the shaft piece (13, 53) in the outer layer is hardened to the same hardness as the inner joint part (12, 42) in the outer layer.
3. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2,3. The method according to any one of claims 1 or 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für das Gelenkinnenteil (12, 42) als Werkstoff ein Einsatzstahl und für das Wellenstück (13, 43) als Werkstoff ein Einsatzstahl oder ein Vergütungsstahl ausgewählt wird.characterized, that a case hardening steel is selected for the inner joint part (12, 42) and a case hardening steel or a tempering steel is selected as the material for the shaft piece (13, 43).
4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,characterized,
daß für das Wellenstück eine Rohrwelle (13) ausgewählt wird, wobei die Zugfestigkeit im Kern des Wellenmaterials nach dem Aufhärten mindestens 1000 N/mm2 beträgt.that a tubular shaft (13) is selected for the shaft piece, the tensile strength in the core of the shaft material after hardening being at least 1000 N / mm 2 .
5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,characterized,
daß für das Wellenstück eine Vollwelle (53) ausgewählt wird, wobei die Zugfestigkeit im Kern des Wellenmaterials nach dem Aufhärten mindestens 600 N/mm2 beträgt.that a solid shaft (53) is selected for the shaft piece, the tensile strength in the core of the shaft material after hardening being at least 600 N / mm 2 .
6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 5,6. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,characterized,
daß ein Einsatzstahl mit einem Kohlenstoffgehalt von unter 0,2 % gewählt wird, insbesondere ein CrMnNi-Stahl.that a case hardening steel with a carbon content of less than 0.2% is chosen, in particular a CrMnNi steel.
7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 6,7. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,characterized,
daß für das Wellenstück (13) eine Rohrwelle aus Einsatzstahl ausgewählt wird, insbesondere ein CrMnBo-Stahl. that a tubular shaft made of case hardening steel is selected for the shaft piece (13), in particular a CrMnBo steel.
8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 6,8. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,characterized,
daß für das Wellenstück (43) eine Vollwelle aus einem Einsatzstahl oder Vergütungsstahl ausgewählt wird.that a solid shaft is selected from a case hardening steel or tempering steel for the shaft piece (43).
9. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 4 oder 7,9. The method according to any one of claims 4 or 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,characterized,
daß am Gelenkinnenteil (12) ein Ringbund (15) angeformt wird, an dem die Schweißverbindung ausgeführt wird.that an annular collar (15) is formed on the inner joint part (12), on which the welded connection is carried out.
10. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 5 oder 8,10. The method according to any one of claims 5 or 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,characterized,
daß am Gelenkinnenteil (42) ein Zapfenansatz (45) ausgebildet wird, an dem die Schweißverbindung ausgeführt wird.that a pin extension (45) is formed on the inner joint part (42) on which the welded connection is carried out.
11. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10,11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,characterized,
daß die Zwischenwelle einem Härteverfahren mit vorheriger Aufkohlung der Randschicht unterworfen wird.that the intermediate shaft is subjected to a hardening process with prior carburization of the surface layer.
12. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Gelenkwelle bestehend aus einer Zwischenwelle und zumindest einem Gleichlaufdrehgelenk,12. A method for producing an articulated shaft consisting of an intermediate shaft and at least one constant velocity universal joint,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nach dem Herstellen einer Zwischenwelle nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11 das zumindest eine Gelenkinnenteil durch Ergänzungsteile zu zumindest einem vollständigen Gleichlaufdrehgelenk ergänzt wird. characterized, that after the production of an intermediate shaft according to one of claims 1 to 11, the at least one inner joint part is supplemented by supplementary parts to form at least one complete constant-velocity rotary joint.
PCT/EP2005/012607 2004-12-27 2005-11-25 Method for producing an intermediate shaft provided with a integral spherical hub WO2006072287A1 (en)

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DE102007024308A1 (en) 2007-05-24 2008-11-27 Volkswagen Ag Procedure for the production of external joint part of a homokinetic joint with a joint piece that has ball tracks and a joint base with axle ends, comprises hardening the ball tracks and connecting the joint piece and the joint base
DE102012011442A1 (en) 2012-06-08 2013-12-12 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Profiled shaft for connecting two constant velocity joints of drive shaft of motor vehicle, comprises central piece, which is formed as tube with constant inner diameter over its entire length and has two axial ends and two undulating pins
DE102013223119A1 (en) * 2013-11-13 2015-05-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft After-treatment of a weld by collaborating and / or boring
DE102016007495B4 (en) 2016-06-21 2018-10-11 Ifa-Technologies Gmbh Constant velocity joint with integral inner joint part and method for producing such a constant velocity joint

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