WO2006067250A1 - Method and device for producing sills in circular pits - Google Patents

Method and device for producing sills in circular pits Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006067250A1
WO2006067250A1 PCT/ES2005/000683 ES2005000683W WO2006067250A1 WO 2006067250 A1 WO2006067250 A1 WO 2006067250A1 ES 2005000683 W ES2005000683 W ES 2005000683W WO 2006067250 A1 WO2006067250 A1 WO 2006067250A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bag
well
walls
hearth
concrete
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2005/000683
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Juan-Ignacio PUIGDOLLERS NOBLÒN
Original Assignee
Catalana D'innovacions Per La Construcciò,S.I.
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Application filed by Catalana D'innovacions Per La Construcciò,S.I. filed Critical Catalana D'innovacions Per La Construcciò,S.I.
Publication of WO2006067250A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006067250A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
    • E02D29/125—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor characterised by the lining of the shaft

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for the realization of screeds or "counter-capsules" in circular wells.
  • it refers to a procedure and a device especially applicable to large diameter circular wells, more especially to wells whose bottom is flooded.
  • the current techniques used for the construction of these include firstly the placement of a waterproofing sheet at the bottom, and then the direct supply to the bottom of the concrete that forms the floor.
  • the process according to the present invention comprises the following steps: lowering a bag of a flexible material to the bottom of the well, with a generally cylindrical or cylindrical conical shape with closed bases. inflation of the bag by introducing a suitable fluid therein, less dense than concrete and denser than water, preferably a liquid bentonite, such that the walls of the bag make contact with the bottom walls of the well and adapt to them, filling the bag with concrete by displacement of the fluid with which the bag has been inflated.
  • a stretch of the bag will be made in the bottom towards the side walls of the bottom to favor the adaptation of the bag to the walls of the well during inflation.
  • auxiliary bags intended to be filled with pressurized cement grout, or the like, will be arranged at the internal edges of the bag, to further enhance the adaptation of the bag to the bottom walls of the well.
  • the walls of the bag will constitute the waterproofing of the bottom of the well.
  • the lowering of the bag will be carried out by sliding some fastening elements of the bag along a series of vertical rails arranged along the outer circumference of the well.
  • the mechanical stretching of the The bag towards the side walls of the bottom will be made by turning the means for securing the bag.
  • the bag will have means to determine the desired shape of the upper surface of the hearth during stretching.
  • the process object of the present invention allows armor elements to be arranged inside the bag, which will form the concrete reinforcement of the floor after filling the bag with concrete.
  • the invention also consists of a device for the automatic realization of screeds in circular wells according to the procedure described above.
  • Said device comprises: a structure parallel to the side walls of the well that includes a series of vertical rails that are arranged from the ground level to the vicinity of the bottom of the well. a series of fasteners arranged in vertical rails, with the ability to move along said rails, and with means for securing a bag of elastic material.
  • the bag will be made of a waterproofing material, whereby it is achieved in a suitable manner to place the waterproofing simultaneously when filling the bag, since the walls of the bag constitute the waterproofing sheet of the bottom of the well.
  • the bag will have means for defining the desired shape of the upper surface of the hearth, which more preferably will consist of a series of cables that will join the lower and upper surface of the bag on the inside.
  • the bag will have a cylindrical upper wing of waterproofing material, this wing can be used to connect to the waterproofing of the bottom walls.
  • the bag will have inside it the necessary reinforcement elements for the hearth, thus facilitating the realization of reinforced concrete screeds with an exact control of the situation of the reinforcement in the hearth.
  • the means for securing the bag of the fastening elements will have the ability to rotate around an ej and perpendicular to the vertical guide. In this way, a mechanical stretching of the bags can be carried out towards the side walls of the well that facilitates the adaptation of the bag to said walls.
  • Figure 1 is a top plan view of a circular well equipped with a device for making screeds according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a section according to plane II-II of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 corresponds to Figure 1, with the bag located at the bottom of the excavation of the circular well, at the beginning of the bag filling operation.
  • Figure 4 is a sectional detail of the bag that will form the hearth at the bottom of the excavation, at the beginning of the filling operation, in which the mechanical drawing movement of the bag against the lines has been represented by broken lines. excavation walls
  • Figure 5 is a detail corresponding to the bag of Figure 4, once filled with concrete.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-section of the circular well of Figure 1, in which a floor made with a method and device according to the present invention can be seen.
  • FIG. 1 an embodiment of the device according to the present invention can be seen, which consists of a structure parallel to the side walls -2- of the circular well, which includes vertical rails -4- distributed equidistantly to along the outer circumference of the circular well -1 -, which can be, for example, profiles of the IPN type, which are arranged from the surface level of the ground to the vicinity of the bottom -3- of the well.
  • Said vertical rails are stiffened in the example shown by a series of horizontal circular braces -15-.
  • each bag-holding element -5- is formed, in the example shown, by a piece -6- that runs along a rail -4 - and a fastening part -7- fixed to the sliding part -6- and with a turning capacity with respect to it.
  • the clamping piece -7 - has a flat key section.
  • the elements -5- are motorized and can descend and ascend in unison through the vertical guides -4- by conventional means, so they have not been represented in the figures.
  • the bag -10- has a general shape of a cylindrical or cylindrical section closed by its bases. It is made of an elastic material, preferably suitable for waterproofing the bottom well. As can also be seen in the detail shown in Figure 4, the bag -10- of the example shown has a cylindrical upper wing -13- which is generally wound in a tricarical shape - 14-. The O-shaped area -14- is useful for easy bag securing - 10- by the parts -7- with a flat key-shaped section.
  • Figure ' 4 shows in detail a section of the bag -10-, allowing observation of the inside of it.
  • the elements have only been represented in their corresponding section with the proximities of the vertical guide -A-.
  • the bag -10- may contain means to define the desired shape of the future top surface of the hearth.
  • Said means can be treated, as in the example of the figure, in a series of cords -12- that join the lower base with the upper base of the bag -10-.
  • Said means can also consist, for example, of changes in the thickness of the upper base of the bag -10-, in a combination of both mentioned means, or any other equivalent means.
  • the bag can also contain the elements -11 - of concrete reinforcement that will form the future floor.
  • the elements -11 - of concrete reinforcement that will form the future floor.
  • a cut can be observed that would correspond to an armature element 11 formed by metallic cords that define a ring shape of square section.
  • the device in the example is completed with a downstream channel -8- and another upstream channel -9-.
  • the pipe -8- is suitable for inflating the bag -10- by injection with a material less dense than concrete and denser than water, for example, a liquid bentonite, and also for the subsequent injection of concrete that will make up the hearth.
  • the channeling -9- is intended to evacuate liquid bentonite from the bag -10- which is displaced by the concrete that is subsequently introduced into the bag.
  • the procedure for making a dome using the device shown in the example is as follows.
  • the bag -10- is provided, with the necessary reinforcement elements - 11 - inside, held by the fasteners -7- by the O-ring - 14- made by winding the upper wing - 13 - from the bag.
  • the bag is located at the bottom -3- of the well by means of the coordinated movement of the fasteners and transfer -5- along the vertical rails -4-.
  • the bag is stretched towards the side walls -2- of the well by rotating the fastening pieces -7- around an ej and perpendicular to the vertical guides -4-, thanks to the articulated joint of the parts -6- with parts -7- of the devices - 5-.
  • the bag -10- may dispose on its internal edges other small bags, for example cylindrical (not shown in the figures) that are intended to be filled with pressurized cement grout or the like during subsequent inflation, to favor the adaptation of the bag -10- to the bottom walls of the well -3-, -2-.
  • filling with a suitable liquid, less dense than concrete, such as, for example, a liquid bentonite, from the bag -10- through the duct -8- can begin.
  • a suitable liquid, less dense than concrete such as, for example, a liquid bentonite
  • the filling can be carried out at atmospheric pressure, although it may also be possible to perform it at a certain pressure to favor the inflation of the bag - 10 - and the adaptation of the outer walls of the bag - 10 - to the excavation walls in the bottom area -3-.
  • Pre-filling with bentonite prevents formation of air cavities inside the concrete and favors the adaptation of the bag to the bottom walls of the well.
  • the bag -10- is inflated with liquid bentonite, it is filled with concrete.
  • the concrete is introduced into the bag -10- and, because it has a higher density than the liquid bentonite displaces the latter out of the bag - 10- through the pipe -9-.
  • the exit of the bentonite displaced by the concrete through the exit pipe -9- is allowed.
  • This phase ends when the bag is completely filled with concrete.
  • the pipes -8- and -9- are removed and the concrete contained in the bag -10- is allowed to set. Once set, the fastening and guiding elements -5- and the vertical guides -4- are removed. Then, the concrete -10- forms the bottom floor of the well.
  • the same bag 10 may constitute the waterproofing of the bottom of the well, if it is made of an impermeable material.
  • Figure 6 shows a solera realized by means of the device of the ej emplo, once removed from the well the vertical guides -4- and the fastening elements -5- of the bag -10-. It can be observed therein the presence of the wing -13- of the bag -10- of the example shown, which in the previous phases has been used to hold the bag - 10- through the winding - 14- in a toric form, It is in a position to be used to connect with the waterproofing of the side walls of the well.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method of producing sills or inverted domes in circular pits. The inventive method is characterised in that it comprises the following steps consisting in: lowering a bag of elastic material to the base of the pit, said bag having an essentially cylindrical or cylindrical-conical closed form; inflating the bag with the introduction of a suitable fluid which is less dense than concrete, preferably a liquid bentonite, such that the walls of the bag come into contact with the walls of the base of the pit and adapt thereto; and filling the bag with concrete by moving the fluid with which the bag was inflated. The invention also relates to the device used to perform said method.

Description

PROCEDIMIENTO Y DISPOSITIVO PARA LA REALIZACIÓN DE SOLERAS EN POZOS CIRCULARESPROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE PERFORMANCE OF SOLERAS IN CIRCULAR WELLS
DESCRIPCIÓNDESCRIPTION
La presente invención se refiere a un procedimiento y a un dispositivo para la realización de soleras o "contracúpulas" en pozos circulares .The present invention relates to a method and a device for the realization of screeds or "counter-capsules" in circular wells.
En particular se refiere a un procedimiento y a un dispositivo especialmente aplicable a pozos circulares de gran diámetro , más especialmente a pozos cuyo fondo se encuentra inundado .In particular, it refers to a procedure and a device especially applicable to large diameter circular wells, more especially to wells whose bottom is flooded.
En dichos pozos resulta necesario realizar , tras la excavación de los mismos , una solera denominada también "contracúpula" o fondo hormigonado para asegurar la estabilidad del pozo .In these wells it is necessary to perform, after the excavation of them, a solera also called "contracúpula" or concrete bottom to ensure the stability of the well.
Las técnicas actuales empleadas para la construcción de dichas comprenden en primer lugar la colocación de una lámina de impermeabilización en el fondo , y posteriormente el suministro directo al fondo del hormigón que forma la solera .The current techniques used for the construction of these include firstly the placement of a waterproofing sheet at the bottom, and then the direct supply to the bottom of the concrete that forms the floor.
Sin embargo , las técnicas de excavación de pozos circulares de gran diámetro no permiten la realización de una superficie de transición limpia y suave entre las paredes laterales del pozo y el fondo del mismo , lo que se traduce en una mala adaptación de la lámina de impermeabilización a la superficie del pozo . Esto puede llevar tanto a una impermeabilización defectuosa como a una mala adaptación de la solera al fondo del pozo . Para conseguir una adaptación correcta de la capa de impermeabilización a las paredes del fondo , resulta necesario el trabajo de operarios en el fondo , habitualmente buzos si se trabaj a por debajo del nivel freático . Esta resulta una labor ardua, delicada y potencialmente peligrosa, que afecta seriamente a las medidas de seguridad necesarias en obra y que , sin embargo, no asegura obtener los resultados apetecidos .However, the excavation techniques of large diameter circular wells do not allow the realization of a smooth and smooth transition surface between the side walls of the well and the bottom of the well, which translates into a poor adaptation of the waterproofing sheet to the surface of the well. This can lead to both defective waterproofing and poor adaptation of the floor to the bottom of the well. In order to achieve a correct adaptation of the waterproofing layer to the bottom walls, the work of operators in the bottom is necessary, usually divers if working below the water table. This is an arduous, delicate and potentially dangerous work, which seriously affects the necessary safety measures at work and, however, does not ensure obtaining the desired results.
Es un objetivo de la presente invención dar a conocer un procedimiento y un dispositivo para la realización de soleras en pozos circulares que asegura obtener una adecuada adaptación de la solera a las paredes del pozo excavado , permitiendo , además , la realización de la misma por medios automáticos , sin necesidad de presencia humana en el fondo del pozo .It is an objective of the present invention to disclose a method and a device for carrying out of hearths in circular wells that ensures adequate adaptation of the hearth to the walls of the excavated well, allowing, in addition, the realization of it by automatic means, without the need for human presence at the bottom of the well.
Para ello , el procedimiento según la presente invención comprende los siguientes pasos : descenso hasta el fondo del pozo de una bolsa de un material flexible , con forma general cilindrica o cilindrico-cónica de bases cerradas . inflado de la bolsa mediante la introducción en la misma de un fluido adecuado , menos denso que el hormigón y más denso que el agua, preferentemente una bentonita liquida, de tal manera que las paredes de la bolsa hagan contacto con las paredes del fondo del pozo y se adapten a las mismas , rellenado de la bolsa con hormigón por desplazamiento del fluido con el que ha sido inflada la bolsa .For this, the process according to the present invention comprises the following steps: lowering a bag of a flexible material to the bottom of the well, with a generally cylindrical or cylindrical conical shape with closed bases. inflation of the bag by introducing a suitable fluid therein, less dense than concrete and denser than water, preferably a liquid bentonite, such that the walls of the bag make contact with the bottom walls of the well and adapt to them, filling the bag with concrete by displacement of the fluid with which the bag has been inflated.
En un modo preferente , se realizará en el fondo un estirado de la bolsa hacia las paredes laterales del fondo para favorecer la adaptación de la bolsa a las paredes del pozo durante el inflado .In a preferred way, a stretch of the bag will be made in the bottom towards the side walls of the bottom to favor the adaptation of the bag to the walls of the well during inflation.
En otro modo preferente , se dispondrán en los bordes internos de la bolsa, otras bolsas auxiliares destinadas a ser rellenadas con lechada de cemento a presión, o similar , para favorecer aún más la adaptación de la bolsa a las paredes del fondo del pozo .In another preferred mode, other auxiliary bags intended to be filled with pressurized cement grout, or the like, will be arranged at the internal edges of the bag, to further enhance the adaptation of the bag to the bottom walls of the well.
En otro modo preferente , las paredes de la bolsa constituirán la impermeabilización del fondo del pozo .In another preferred mode, the walls of the bag will constitute the waterproofing of the bottom of the well.
En otro modo preferente, el descenso de la bolsa se realizará mediante deslizamiento de unos elementos de suj eción de la bolsa por una serie de carriles verticales dispuestos a lo largo de la circunferencia exterior del pozo .In another preferred mode, the lowering of the bag will be carried out by sliding some fastening elements of the bag along a series of vertical rails arranged along the outer circumference of the well.
En otro modo preferente , el estirado mecánico de la bolsa hacia las paredes laterales del fondo se realizará mediante un giro de los medios de suj eción de la bolsa .In another preferred way, the mechanical stretching of the The bag towards the side walls of the bottom will be made by turning the means for securing the bag.
En otro modo preferente , la bolsa dispondrá de medios para determinar la forma deseada de la superficie superior de la solera durante el estirado .In another preferred mode, the bag will have means to determine the desired shape of the upper surface of the hearth during stretching.
El procedimiento objeto de la presente invención permite disponer en el interior de la bolsa elementos de armadura para la solera, que formarán la armadura del hormigón de la solera tras el llenado de la bolsa con hormigón .The process object of the present invention allows armor elements to be arranged inside the bag, which will form the concrete reinforcement of the floor after filling the bag with concrete.
La invención también consiste en un dispositivo para la realización automática de soleras en pozos circulares según el procedimiento antes descrito . Dicho dispositivo comprende : una estructura paralela a las paredes laterales del pozo que incluye una serie de carriles verticales que se disponen desde el nivel del suelo hasta las proximidades del fondo del pozo . una serie elementos de sujeción dispuestos en los carriles verticales , con capacidad de trasladarse a lo largo de dichos carriles , y con medios para la sujeción de una bolsa de material elástico . una bolsa de material flexible , de forma cilindrica o cilíndrico-cónica de bases cerradas , con al menos una abertura para recibir una canalización de entrada y otra abertura para recibir una canalización de salida, de tamaño suficiente como para cubrir completamente , en estado inflado , las paredes laterales del fondo del pozo . al menos una canalización de llenado para realizar el inflado de la bolsa en el fondo del pozo . al menos una canalización de subida para trasladar líquidos desplazados desde la bolsa - A -The invention also consists of a device for the automatic realization of screeds in circular wells according to the procedure described above. Said device comprises: a structure parallel to the side walls of the well that includes a series of vertical rails that are arranged from the ground level to the vicinity of the bottom of the well. a series of fasteners arranged in vertical rails, with the ability to move along said rails, and with means for securing a bag of elastic material. a bag of flexible material, of cylindrical or conical cylindrical shape with closed bases, with at least one opening to receive an inlet pipe and another opening to receive an outlet pipe, of sufficient size to completely cover, in an inflated state, the side walls of the bottom of the well. at least one filling pipeline for inflation of the bag at the bottom of the well. at least one rise pipe to move displaced liquids from the bag - TO -
en el fondo del pozo hasta el nivel del suelo .at the bottom of the well to ground level.
Preferentemente , la bolsa estará realizada en un material impermeabilizante, con lo cual se consigue de una manera adecuada colocar la impermeabilizaciδn simultáneamente al llenado de la bolsa, puesto que las paredes de la bolsa constituyen la lámina de impermeabilización del fondo del pozo .Preferably, the bag will be made of a waterproofing material, whereby it is achieved in a suitable manner to place the waterproofing simultaneously when filling the bag, since the walls of the bag constitute the waterproofing sheet of the bottom of the well.
Preferentemente , la bolsa dispondrá de medios para definir la forma deseada de la superficie superior de la solera, que más preferentemente consistirán en una serie de cables que unirán por la parte interior la superficie inferior y la superior de la bolsa .Preferably, the bag will have means for defining the desired shape of the upper surface of the hearth, which more preferably will consist of a series of cables that will join the lower and upper surface of the bag on the inside.
Preferentemente , la bolsa dispondrá de un ala superior cilindrica de material impermeabilizante, esta ala podrá servir para conectar con la impermeabilización de las paredes del fondo .Preferably, the bag will have a cylindrical upper wing of waterproofing material, this wing can be used to connect to the waterproofing of the bottom walls.
Preferentemente , la bolsa dispondrá en su interior de los elementos de armadura necesarios para la solera, facilitando de esta manera la realización de soleras en hormigón armado con un control exacto de la situación de la armadura en la solera .Preferably, the bag will have inside it the necessary reinforcement elements for the hearth, thus facilitating the realization of reinforced concrete screeds with an exact control of the situation of the reinforcement in the hearth.
Preferentemente , los medios para la suj eción de la bolsa de los elementos de suj eción tendrán capacidad de giro alrededor de un ej e perpendicular a la guía vertical . De esta manera, se puede realizar un estirado mecánico de las bolsas hacía las paredes laterales del pozo que facilite la adaptación de la bolsa a dichas paredes .Preferably, the means for securing the bag of the fastening elements will have the ability to rotate around an ej and perpendicular to the vertical guide. In this way, a mechanical stretching of the bags can be carried out towards the side walls of the well that facilitates the adaptation of the bag to said walls.
Para su mej or compresión, se adjunta a título de ej emplo explicativo pero no limitativo , unos dibujos de una realización preferente de la presente invención .For better compression, some drawings of a preferred embodiment of the present invention are attached by way of explanatory but not limiting example.
La figura 1 es una vista en planta superior de un pozo circular dotado de un dispositivo de realización de soleras según la presente invención .Figure 1 is a top plan view of a circular well equipped with a device for making screeds according to the present invention.
La figura 2 es un corte según el plano II-II de la figura 1.Figure 2 is a section according to plane II-II of Figure 1.
La figura 3 corresponde con la figura 1 , con la bolsa situada ya en el fondo de la excavación del pozo circular , al inicio de la operación de llenado de la bolsa .Figure 3 corresponds to Figure 1, with the bag located at the bottom of the excavation of the circular well, at the beginning of the bag filling operation.
La figura 4 es un detalle en sección de la bolsa que formará la solera en el fondo de la excavación, al inicio de la operación de llenado, en la que se ha representado mediante lineas a trazos el movimiento de estirado mecánico de la bolsa contra las paredes de la excavación.Figure 4 is a sectional detail of the bag that will form the hearth at the bottom of the excavation, at the beginning of the filling operation, in which the mechanical drawing movement of the bag against the lines has been represented by broken lines. excavation walls
La figura 5 es un detalle correspondiente a la bolsa de la figura 4 , una vez rellenada con hormigón .Figure 5 is a detail corresponding to the bag of Figure 4, once filled with concrete.
La figura 6 es un corte transversal del pozo circular de la figura 1 , en el que se puede observar una solera realizada con un procedimiento y dispositivo según la presente invención.Figure 6 is a cross-section of the circular well of Figure 1, in which a floor made with a method and device according to the present invention can be seen.
En las figuras 1 a 5 puede verse una realización del dispositivo según la presente invención, que consiste en una estructura paralela a las paredes laterales -2- del pozo circular , en la que se incluyen unos carriles verticales -4- repartidos de manera equidistante a lo largo de la circunferencia exterior del pozo circular -1 - , que pueden ser, por ejemplo , perfiles de tipo IPN, que se disponen desde el nivel superficial del terreno hasta las proximidades del fondo -3- del pozo . Dichos carriles verticales quedan rigidizados en el ej emplo mostrado mediante una serie de riostras circulares horizontales -15- .In figures 1 to 5 an embodiment of the device according to the present invention can be seen, which consists of a structure parallel to the side walls -2- of the circular well, which includes vertical rails -4- distributed equidistantly to along the outer circumference of the circular well -1 -, which can be, for example, profiles of the IPN type, which are arranged from the surface level of the ground to the vicinity of the bottom -3- of the well. Said vertical rails are stiffened in the example shown by a series of horizontal circular braces -15-.
Por cada uno de los carriles verticales -4- discurre un elemento -5- de suj eción y traslado de la bolsa -10- . Como se puede observar con mayor detalle en las figuras 4 y 5 , cada elemento -5- de suj eción de la bolsa está formado , en el ej emplo mostrado , por una pieza -6- que discurre a lo largo de un carril -4- y una pieza de suj eción -7- fij ada a la pieza -6- de deslizamiento y con capacidad de giro con respecto a ésta . En el caso mostrado , la pieza de sujeción -7 - tiene sección de llave plana . Los elementos -5- están motorizados y pueden descender y ascender al unísono por las guías verticales -4- mediante medios convencionales , por lo que no han sido representados en las figuras .For each of the vertical rails -4- runs an element -5- for securing and moving the bag -10-. As can be seen in greater detail in Figures 4 and 5, each bag-holding element -5- is formed, in the example shown, by a piece -6- that runs along a rail -4 - and a fastening part -7- fixed to the sliding part -6- and with a turning capacity with respect to it. In the case shown, the clamping piece -7 - has a flat key section. The elements -5- are motorized and can descend and ascend in unison through the vertical guides -4- by conventional means, so they have not been represented in the figures.
Cada una de las piezas de suj eción -7- , repartidas a lo largo de la circunferencia exterior del pozo , sujetan una bolsa -10- . La bolsa -10- presenta forma general de sección cilindrica o cδnico-cilindrica cerrada por sus bases . Está realizada en un material elástico, preferentemente apto para realizar la impermeabilización del pozo del fondo . Como se observa igualmente en el detalle mostrado en la figura 4 , la bolsa -10- del ej emplo mostrado dispone de un ala superior cilindrica -13- que se arrolla en forma general tδrica - 14- . La zona con forma tórica -14- es útil para lograr una fácil suj eción de la bolsa - 10- por parte de las piezas -7- con sección en forma de llave plana .Each of the clamping pieces -7-, distributed along the outer circumference of the well, they hold a bag -10-. The bag -10- has a general shape of a cylindrical or cylindrical section closed by its bases. It is made of an elastic material, preferably suitable for waterproofing the bottom well. As can also be seen in the detail shown in Figure 4, the bag -10- of the example shown has a cylindrical upper wing -13- which is generally wound in a tricarical shape - 14-. The O-shaped area -14- is useful for easy bag securing - 10- by the parts -7- with a flat key-shaped section.
La figura' 4 muestra en detalle una sección de la bolsa -10- , permitiendo la observación del interior de la misma . Para favorecer la comprensión, y evitar dibuj os con exceso de lineas , tanto en la figura 4 como en la figura 5 se han representado los elementos únicamente en su sección correspondiente con las proximidades de la guia vertical -A- . Como se puede observar en la figura 4 , la bolsa -10- puede contener medios para definir la forma deseada de la futura superficie superior de la solera. Dichos medios pueden tratarse, como en el ej emplo de la figura, en una serie de cordones -12- que unen la base inferior con la superior de la bolsa -10- . Dichos medios también puede consistir, por ejemplo, en cambios en el espesor de la base superior de la bolsa - 10- , en una combinación de ambos medios citados , o cualquier otro medio equivalente . Además , la bolsa puede también contener los elementos -11 - de armadura del hormigón que formará la futura solera . Asi, por ejemplo en la figura 4 se puede observar un corte que correspondería con un elemento armadura -11 - formado mediante cordones metálicos que definen una forma de anillo de sección cuadrada .Figure ' 4 shows in detail a section of the bag -10-, allowing observation of the inside of it. To favor understanding, and avoid drawings with excess of lines, both in figure 4 and in figure 5, the elements have only been represented in their corresponding section with the proximities of the vertical guide -A-. As can be seen in Figure 4, the bag -10- may contain means to define the desired shape of the future top surface of the hearth. Said means can be treated, as in the example of the figure, in a series of cords -12- that join the lower base with the upper base of the bag -10-. Said means can also consist, for example, of changes in the thickness of the upper base of the bag -10-, in a combination of both mentioned means, or any other equivalent means. In addition, the bag can also contain the elements -11 - of concrete reinforcement that will form the future floor. Thus, for example, in Figure 4 a cut can be observed that would correspond to an armature element 11 formed by metallic cords that define a ring shape of square section.
El dispositivo del ejemplo se completa con una canalización de baj ada -8- y otra canalización de subida -9- . La canalización -8- resulta apta para inflar la bolsa - 10- mediante la inyección con un material menos denso que el hormigón y más denso que el agua, por ejemplo , una bentonita líquida, y también para la posterior inyección del hormigón que conformará la solera . La canalización -9- de subida se destina a evacuar de la bolsa -10- la bentonita liquida que es desplazada por el hormigón que se introduce posteriormente en la bolsa .The device in the example is completed with a downstream channel -8- and another upstream channel -9-. The pipe -8- is suitable for inflating the bag -10- by injection with a material less dense than concrete and denser than water, for example, a liquid bentonite, and also for the subsequent injection of concrete that will make up the hearth. The channeling -9- is intended to evacuate liquid bentonite from the bag -10- which is displaced by the concrete that is subsequently introduced into the bag.
El procedimiento de realización de una cúpula mediante el dispositivo mostrado en el ejemplo es el siguiente .The procedure for making a dome using the device shown in the example is as follows.
En primer lugar se dispone la bolsa -10- , con los elementos de armadura - 11 - necesarios en su interior , sujeta mediante los elementos de suj eción -7- por la zona tórica - 14- realizada mediante el enrollamiento del ala superior - 13- de la bolsa .Firstly, the bag -10- is provided, with the necessary reinforcement elements - 11 - inside, held by the fasteners -7- by the O-ring - 14- made by winding the upper wing - 13 - from the bag.
Posteriormente, la bolsa es situada en el fondo -3- del pozo mediante el movimiento coordinado de los elementos -5- de sujeción y traslado a lo largo de los carriles verticales -4- .Subsequently, the bag is located at the bottom -3- of the well by means of the coordinated movement of the fasteners and transfer -5- along the vertical rails -4-.
Una vez allí , la bolsa es estirada hacia las paredes laterales -2- del pozo mediante el giro de las piezas de suj eción -7- alrededor de un ej e perpendicular a las guías verticales -4- , gracias a la unión articulada de las piezas -6- con las piezas -7- de los dispositivos - 5- . Adicionalmente al estirado, la bolsa -10- podrá disponer en sus bordes internos otras pequeñas bolsas , por ejemplo cilindricas (no mostradas en las figuras) que están destinadas a ser rellenadas con lechada de cemento a presión o similar durante el posterior inflado, para favorecer la adaptación de la bolsa -10- a las paredes del fondo del pozo -3— , —2— .Once there, the bag is stretched towards the side walls -2- of the well by rotating the fastening pieces -7- around an ej and perpendicular to the vertical guides -4-, thanks to the articulated joint of the parts -6- with parts -7- of the devices - 5-. In addition to stretching, the bag -10- may dispose on its internal edges other small bags, for example cylindrical (not shown in the figures) that are intended to be filled with pressurized cement grout or the like during subsequent inflation, to favor the adaptation of the bag -10- to the bottom walls of the well -3-, -2-.
Simultáneamente puede comenzar el llenado con un líquido adecuado , menos denso que el hormigón, tal como , por ej emplo , una bentonita líquida, de la bolsa -10- a través de la canalización -8- . El llenado puede realizarse a presión atmosférica, si bien también puede ser es posible realízalo a una cierta presión para favorecer el inflado de la bolsa - 10- y la adaptación de las paredes exteriores de la bolsa - 10- a las paredes de la excavación en la zona del fondo -3- .At the same time, filling with a suitable liquid, less dense than concrete, such as, for example, a liquid bentonite, from the bag -10- through the duct -8- can begin. The filling can be carried out at atmospheric pressure, although it may also be possible to perform it at a certain pressure to favor the inflation of the bag - 10 - and the adaptation of the outer walls of the bag - 10 - to the excavation walls in the bottom area -3-.
El llenado previo con bentonita evita la formación de cavidades de aire dentro del hormigón y favorece la adaptación de la bolsa a las paredes del fondo del pozo .Pre-filling with bentonite prevents formation of air cavities inside the concrete and favors the adaptation of the bag to the bottom walls of the well.
Una vez inflada la bolsa -10- con bentonita líquida , se procede al llenado de la misma con hormigón. El hormigón es introducido en la bolsa -10- y, debido a que presenta una mayor densidad que la bentonita líquida desplaza a esta última fuera de la bolsa - 10- a través de la canalización -9- . En esta fase se permite la salida de la bentonita desplazada por el hormigón a través de la canalización -9- de salida . Esta fase termina cuando la bolsa queda completamente llena de hormigón. Una vez ha terminado de llenar la bolsa con hormigón, se retiran las canalizaciones -8- y -9- y se dej a fraguar el hormigón contenido en la bolsa -10- . Una vez fraguado , se retiran los elementos -5- de sujeción y guiado y las guías verticales -4- . Entonces , el hormigón -10- forma la solera del fondo del pozo . Por otro lado , la misma bolsa - 10- puede constituir la impermeabilización del fondo del pozo , si es realizada en un material impermeable . La figura 6 muestra un solera realizada mediante el dispositivo del ej emplo , una vez retiradas del pozo las guías verticales -4- y los elementos -5- de suj eción y traslado de la bolsa -10- . Se puede observar en la misma la presencia del ala -13- de la bolsa -10- del ej emplo mostrado , que en las fases precedentes se ha utilizado para sujetar la bolsa - 10- a través del enrollado - 14- en forma tórica, queda en situación de ser utilizada para conectar con la impermeabilización de las paredes laterales del pozo .Once the bag -10- is inflated with liquid bentonite, it is filled with concrete. The concrete is introduced into the bag -10- and, because it has a higher density than the liquid bentonite displaces the latter out of the bag - 10- through the pipe -9-. In this phase the exit of the bentonite displaced by the concrete through the exit pipe -9- is allowed. This phase ends when the bag is completely filled with concrete. Once you have finished filling the bag with concrete, the pipes -8- and -9- are removed and the concrete contained in the bag -10- is allowed to set. Once set, the fastening and guiding elements -5- and the vertical guides -4- are removed. Then, the concrete -10- forms the bottom floor of the well. On the other hand, the same bag 10 may constitute the waterproofing of the bottom of the well, if it is made of an impermeable material. Figure 6 shows a solera realized by means of the device of the ej emplo, once removed from the well the vertical guides -4- and the fastening elements -5- of the bag -10-. It can be observed therein the presence of the wing -13- of the bag -10- of the example shown, which in the previous phases has been used to hold the bag - 10- through the winding - 14- in a toric form, It is in a position to be used to connect with the waterproofing of the side walls of the well.
Se pueden introducir numerosas modificaciones del ej emplo mostrado 'que resultarán evidentes para los expertos en la material , tales como , por ej emplo , modificaciones en el número y tipo de los medios de suj eción y descenso de la bolsa, y otros . En particular , la invención también podrá llevarse a cabo modificando la longitud del ala -13- mostrada, e incluso prescindiendo de la misma .Are numerous modifications of the example shown emplo 'will be apparent to those skilled in the art, such as, eg emplo, modifications in the number and type of media suj eción and lowering of the bag, and others. In particular, the invention may also be carried out by modifying the length of the wing -13- shown, and even dispensing with it.
Igualmente resultará evidente para los expertos en la materia la inclusión de elementos complementarios a los aquí descritos , igualmente sin salirse del ámbito de la presente invención .Likewise, it will be evident for those skilled in the art to include elements complementary to those described here, also without leaving the scope of the present invention
En general , todo lo que no afecte, altere o modifique el contenido del dispositivo y procedimiento aqui descritos deberá ser considerado como contenido dentro de la presente invención. In general, anything that does not affect, alter or modify the contents of the device and procedure described herein should be considered as contained within the present invention.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1. Procedimiento para la realización de soleras en pozos en pozos circulares , caracterizado porque comprende los siguientes pasos : descenso hasta el fondo del pozo de una bolsa de un material flexible , de forma general cilindrica o cilindrico-cónica cerrada; inflado de la bolsa mediante la introducción en la misma de un fluido adecuado , menos denso que el hormigón y más denso que el agua, preferentemente una bentonita liquida, de tal manera que las paredes de la bolsa hagan contacto con las paredes del fondo del pozo y se adapten a las mismas , y rellenado de la bolsa con hormigón por desplazamiento del fluido con el que ha sido inflada la bolsa .1. Procedure for the realization of screeds in wells in circular wells, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: descent to the bottom of the well of a bag of a flexible material, generally cylindrical or cylindrical-conical closed; inflation of the bag by introducing a suitable fluid therein, less dense than concrete and denser than water, preferably a liquid bentonite, such that the walls of the bag make contact with the bottom walls of the well and adapt to them, and filling the bag with concrete by displacement of the fluid with which the bag has been inflated.
2. Procedimiento , según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque se realiza en el fondo un estirado de la bolsa hacia las paredes laterales del fondo para favorecer la adaptación de la bolsa a las paredes del pozo durante el inflado .2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that a stretch of the bag is made in the bottom towards the side walls of the bottom to favor the adaptation of the bag to the walls of the well during inflation.
3. Procedimiento , según la reivindicación 2 , caracterizado porque el estirado de la bolsa hacia las paredes laterales del fondo se realizará mediante el giro de unos medios de suj eción de la bolsa .3. A method according to claim 2, characterized in that the stretching of the bag towards the side walls of the bottom will be carried out by means of rotating means for securing the bag.
4. Procedimiento, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 3 , caracterizado porque la bolsa es de un material tal que sus paredes constituyen la impermeabilización del fondo del pozo .Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the bag is made of a material such that its walls constitute the waterproofing of the bottom of the well.
5. Procedimiento , según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 4 , caracterizado porque el descenso de la bolsa se realizará mediante deslizamiento de unos elementos de sujeción de la bolsa por carriles verticales dispuesto a lo largo de las paredes laterales del pozo .5. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the lowering of the bag will be carried out by sliding some fasteners of the bag along vertical rails arranged along the side walls of the well.
6. Procedimiento , según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 5 , caracterizado porque la bolsa dispone de medios para determinar la forma deseada de la superficie superior de la solera tras el inflado de la bolsa.Method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the bag has of means to determine the desired shape of the upper surface of the hearth after inflation of the bag.
7. Procedimiento , según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 6 , caracterizado porque se disponen en el interior de la bolsa, con anterioridad a la fase de descenso de la misma hasta el fondo del pozo, los elementos de armadura de la solera .7. Method according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the armature elements of the hearth are arranged inside the bag, prior to the phase of lowering it to the bottom of the well.
8. Procedimiento , según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 7 , caracterizado por disponer en los bordes internos de la bolsa de otras bolsas auxiliares y proceder, durante el citado inflado de la bolsa, a rellenar las citadas bolsas auxiliares con lechada de hormigón a presión, o similar, para favorecer la adaptación de la bolsa a las paredes del fondo del pozo .Method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that other auxiliary bags are disposed on the internal edges of the bag and, during said inflation of the bag, proceed to fill said auxiliary bags with pressurized concrete grout , or similar, to favor the adaptation of the bag to the bottom walls of the well.
9. Dispositivo para la realización automática de soleras en pozos , caracterizado porque comprende : una estructura paralela a las paredes laterales del pozo que incluye una serie de carriles verticales que se disponen desde el nivel del suelo hasta las proximidades del fondo del pozo ; una serie elementos de suj eción dispuestos en los carriles verticales , con capacidad de trasladarse a lo largo de dichos carriles , y con medios para la sujeción de una bolsa de material elástico ; una bolsa de material flexible , de forma cilindrica o cilíndrico-cónica de bases cerradas cerrada, con al menos una abertura para recibir una canalización de entrada y otra abertura para recibir una canalización de salida, de tamaño suficiente como para cubrir completamente, en estado inflado, las paredes laterales del fondo del pozo; al menos una canalización de llenado para realizar el inflado de la bolsa en el fondo del pozo ; y al menos una canalización de subida para trasladar líquidos desplazados desde la bolsa en el fondo del pozo hasta el nivel del suelo .9. Device for the automatic realization of screeds in wells, characterized in that it comprises: a structure parallel to the side walls of the well that includes a series of vertical rails that are arranged from the ground level to the bottom of the well; a series of fasteners arranged in the vertical rails, with the ability to move along said rails, and with means for securing a bag of elastic material; a bag of flexible material, of cylindrical or cylindrical shape with closed closed bases, with at least one opening to receive an inlet duct and another opening to receive an outgoing duct, of sufficient size to cover completely, in an inflated state , the side walls of the bottom of the well; at least one filling pipeline for inflation of the bag at the bottom of the well; Y at least one ascent pipe to move displaced liquids from the bag at the bottom of the well to the ground level.
10. Dispositivo , según la reivindicación 9 , caracterizado porque la bolsa está realizada en un material impermeabilizante .10. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the bag is made of a waterproofing material.
11. Dispositivo , según la reivindicación 9 ó 10 , caracterizado porque la bolsa dispone de medios para definir la forma deseada de la superficie superior de la solera .Device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the bag has means for defining the desired shape of the upper surface of the hearth.
12. Dispositivo , según la reivindicación 11 , caracterizado porque los medios para definir la forma deseada de la superficie superior de la solera comprenden cables colocados en el interior de la bolsa, que conectan sus bases superior e inferior .12. Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the means for defining the desired shape of the upper surface of the hearth comprise cables placed inside the bag, which connect its upper and lower bases.
13. Dispositivo, según la reivindicación 11 ó 12 , caracterizado porque los medios para definir la forma deseada de la superficie superior de la solera comprenden variaciones en el espesor de la superficie superior de dicha bolsa .13. Device according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the means for defining the desired shape of the upper surface of the hearth comprise variations in the thickness of the upper surface of said bag.
14. Dispositivo , según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 9 a 13 , caracterizado porque la bolsa dispone un ala superior cilindrica realizada en material impermeabilizante .14. Device according to any of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that the bag has a cylindrical upper wing made of waterproofing material.
15. Dispositivo, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 9 a 14 , caracterizado porque la bolsa dispone en su interior de los elementos de armadura necesarios para la solera .15. Device according to any of claims 9 to 14, characterized in that the bag has inside it the necessary reinforcement elements for the hearth.
16. Dispositivo , según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 9 a 15 , caracterizado porque los medios para la suj eción de la bolsa de los elementos de sujeción tienen capacidad de giro alrededor de un eje perpendicular a la guia vertical , de tal manera que pueden realizar un estirado mecánico de las bolsas hacia las paredes laterales del pozo para facilitar la adaptación de la bolsa a dichas paredes .16. Device according to any of claims 9 to 15, characterized in that the means for securing the bag of the fasteners have the ability to rotate about an axis perpendicular to the vertical guide, so that they can perform a mechanical stretching of the bags towards the side walls of the well to facilitate the adaptation of the bag to said walls.
17. Dispositivo , según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 9 a 16 , caracterizado porque la bolsa dispone en los bordes internos de la misma de otras bolsas auxiliares destinadas a ser rellenadas con lechada de cemento a presión para favorecer aún más la adaptación de la bolsa a las paredes del fondo del pozo . 17. Device according to any of claims 9 to 16, characterized in that the bag has other bags on the internal edges thereof auxiliaries intended to be filled with pressurized cement grout to further favor the adaptation of the bag to the bottom walls of the well.
PCT/ES2005/000683 2004-12-21 2005-12-16 Method and device for producing sills in circular pits WO2006067250A1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES200403036A ES2237337B1 (en) 2004-12-21 2004-12-21 "PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE REALIZATION OF SOLERAS IN CIRCULAR WELLS".
ES200403036 2004-12-21

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014062443A (en) * 2012-09-19 2014-04-10 Fujika:Kk Push-up floatation prevention method for manhole

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JPS5789019A (en) * 1980-11-21 1982-06-03 Kajima Corp Construction work of underground concrete structure
JPH01322021A (en) * 1988-06-23 1989-12-27 Bridgestone Corp Pressure proofing elastic bag
JPH02269294A (en) * 1989-04-07 1990-11-02 Kyoei Doken:Kk Batholith forming engineering method for vertical shaft
JPH03241192A (en) * 1990-02-16 1991-10-28 Tokyu Constr Co Ltd Device for excavating vertical shaft
JPH0788826A (en) * 1993-09-28 1995-04-04 Toyo Sangyo Kk Preparation of inside hollow beam and bag body used for preparation of inside hollow beam
JP2001214438A (en) * 2000-02-02 2001-08-07 East Japan Railway Co Method for construction cast-in-place concrete pile, and preload device onto ground under bottom of cast-in- place concrete pile.

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5789019A (en) * 1980-11-21 1982-06-03 Kajima Corp Construction work of underground concrete structure
JPH01322021A (en) * 1988-06-23 1989-12-27 Bridgestone Corp Pressure proofing elastic bag
JPH02269294A (en) * 1989-04-07 1990-11-02 Kyoei Doken:Kk Batholith forming engineering method for vertical shaft
JPH03241192A (en) * 1990-02-16 1991-10-28 Tokyu Constr Co Ltd Device for excavating vertical shaft
JPH0788826A (en) * 1993-09-28 1995-04-04 Toyo Sangyo Kk Preparation of inside hollow beam and bag body used for preparation of inside hollow beam
JP2001214438A (en) * 2000-02-02 2001-08-07 East Japan Railway Co Method for construction cast-in-place concrete pile, and preload device onto ground under bottom of cast-in- place concrete pile.

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014062443A (en) * 2012-09-19 2014-04-10 Fujika:Kk Push-up floatation prevention method for manhole

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ES2237337B1 (en) 2006-10-01

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