WO2006061197A1 - Procede de traite d'un animal - Google Patents

Procede de traite d'un animal Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006061197A1
WO2006061197A1 PCT/EP2005/013086 EP2005013086W WO2006061197A1 WO 2006061197 A1 WO2006061197 A1 WO 2006061197A1 EP 2005013086 W EP2005013086 W EP 2005013086W WO 2006061197 A1 WO2006061197 A1 WO 2006061197A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
teat
negative pressure
pulse
interior
milking
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2005/013086
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Bernhard Schulze Wartenhorst
Original Assignee
Westfaliasurge Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Westfaliasurge Gmbh filed Critical Westfaliasurge Gmbh
Priority to EP05824330A priority Critical patent/EP1827084A1/fr
Publication of WO2006061197A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006061197A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01J—MANUFACTURE OF DAIRY PRODUCTS
    • A01J5/00—Milking machines or devices
    • A01J5/04—Milking machines or devices with pneumatic manipulation of teats
    • A01J5/08—Teat-cups with two chambers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01J—MANUFACTURE OF DAIRY PRODUCTS
    • A01J5/00—Milking machines or devices
    • A01J5/007—Monitoring milking processes; Control or regulation of milking machines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for milking an animal by means of a milking device.
  • a milking device e.g. Goats, sheep, buffalo, llamas, camels, dromedaries, yaks, etc.
  • the invention can be used in conventional milking, in automatic milking and also in semi-automatic or automatic milking.
  • the use is also possible in systems in which a semi-automatic or fully automatic or robot-assisted and / or computer-controlled attachment of the teat cups to the teats of the animals takes place.
  • the milking device for carrying out the method usually comprises at least one teat cup having an interior for receiving the teat of an animal to be milked and a separate from the interior by a teat rubber pulse space which is connectable to a vacuum source, wherein the pressure difference between the Interior and the pulse space is controlled in a pulse cycle that the teatcup liner is cyclically reciprocated from a first position in which the teatcup liner closes the interior space below the teat to a second open position.
  • a milking device which has a so-called two-room milking cup.
  • a milking cup has an interior for receiving the teat of the animal to be milked, which is circumferentially surrounded by a teatcup liner.
  • the teat rubber separates the interior of the milking cup from a pulse space, which in turn is surrounded circumferentially by the milking cup housing.
  • the pulse space furthermore has a connection, which is usually formed via a hose connected to the teat cup housing, to a vacuum source. If the milking cup is not used, ie not attached to the teat of an animal,
  • the teatcup liner has a tubular shape.
  • a pulse cycle comprises a suction and a release phase, wherein the suction phase comprises an evacuation phase (A) and a milking phase (B) and the relief phase comprises an aeration phase (C) and a pressure phase (D) (see FIG.
  • the phases (A) and (C) are intermediate phases in which the pressure in the pulse space changes from a first end pressure to a second end pressure.
  • the negative pressure set in the system acts in the pulse and interior.
  • the interior and the pulse space have the same negative pressure, namely the system negative pressure, which is also referred to as rated vacuum.
  • the milking phase already begins when the negative pressure in the pulsed space falls below the nominal vacuum by a certain amount, which is 4 kPa according to DIN / ISO 5707.
  • the pulse space is ventilated.
  • atmospheric pressure is usually introduced into the pulse space, so that the negative pressure in the pulse space drops rapidly (see aeration phase, FIG.
  • the pressure phase begins when the pressure in the pulse space enters a pressure interval below the atmospheric pressure, namely when, according to DIN / ISO 5707, the negative pressure is only a maximum of 4 kPa.
  • the milked milk is withdrawn via a milk line communicating with the interior, which is connected to the vacuum source of the milking device. Consequently, the negative pressure in the interior is generated via this milk line.
  • the interior communicates with the same vacuum source, as at any rate in the suction phase (evacuation phase plus milking phase), the pulse space.
  • the pressure difference is controlled with respect to the target pressures in the interior space and the pulse space.
  • the pressure difference is controlled in the known method so that the negative pressure in the interior corresponds to the negative pressure in the pulse space (see FIG.
  • the actual negative pressure in the interior is lower than the target pressure.
  • the milking cluster may also be disturbed due to violent movements of the animal to be milked. fall. If the milking cluster only adheres due to the negative pressure prevailing in the head area, there is a risk that the milking device will fall off during a violent movement of the animal. With such a violent movement is certainly to be expected, since in a constriction of the Mariestenbergschen venous ring, the animal feels pain and can react as a kind of resistance with violent movements.
  • the problem with the known method described above is that, in the aeration phase, the teatcup liner is abruptly moved from the outwardly overstretched position to a closed position.
  • the closed position or the first position is the one in which the teatcup liner collapses due to the pressure in the pulse space, applies itself to the teatcup and closes the interior space on the underside.
  • atmospheric air is conducted into the pulse space after the pulsator has closed the connection between the pulse space and the vacuum source of the milking device.
  • the opposite sides of the teatcup liner may come into contact with each other below the teat tip.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the problem of specifying a method in which abrupt movements on the teat of the animal to be milked are substantially avoided.
  • the object is at least partially overcome the other problems described above.
  • the method for milking an animal is carried out by means of a milking device having at least one teat cup having an interior for receiving the teat of an animal to be milked and a pulse space separated from the interior by a teatcup liner connectable to a vacuum source is.
  • the pressure difference between the interior and the pulse space is controlled in pulse cycles, wherein a pulse cycle comprises at least one discharge phase and at least one suction phase.
  • the pressure difference is controlled according to the invention so that at least over a substantial part of the suction phase there is a contact between the teatcup liner and the teat flanks.
  • the method according to the invention offers considerable advantages.
  • One advantage is that the teatcup liner rests against the teat flanks during a significant portion of the suction phase. Therefore, no sudden closing of the teatcup liner takes place at the transition from the milking phase into the unloading phase, since the teatcup liner already rests against the teat when the pressure in the pulse space is increased or the negative pressure in the pulse space in the ventilation phase is reduced.
  • the teat rubber rests stable and reproducible on the teat edges.
  • the teat rubber lies in particular flat against the teat flanks.
  • the teatcup liner according to the invention can be in contact with the teat flanks in full circumference or over regions of the teatcup rubber catch, while other regions are without contact.
  • the teatcup liner abuts on the teat flanks for at least 50% and in particular at least 75% of the suction phase and in particular the milking phase.
  • the teatcup liner abuts the teat flanks at least over a substantial part of the milking phase, and more preferably over the entire milking phase.
  • the teatcup liner abuts the teat flanks at least at the beginning and at the end of the milking phase. Although it is preferred that the teatcup liner abuts the teat flanks throughout the milking phase, in the middle of the milking phase or even e.g. There is no contact during the evacuation phase.
  • the teatcup liner and the teat flanks there is contact between the teatcup liner and the teat flanks during the evacuation phase.
  • the entire suction phase and particularly preferably during the entire pulse cycle contact between see the teatcup liner and the teat flanks.
  • the actual pressure in the pulse space may be greater than the actual pressure in the interior. This means that at any point in a pulse cycle, the negative pressure in the pulse space is less than the negative pressure in the interior.
  • the process is performed such that the pressure differential is controlled such that the teatcup liner is cyclically reciprocated from a first position, in which the teatcup liner substantially closes the interior space below the teat, to a second, substantially open position.
  • the negative pressure in the head area of the teatcup liner rises too much. Since the contact between the teat rubber and the outer peripheral sides of the teat is always ensured at least in sections, the tool adheres reliably and there is no danger of the milking device falling off. With the present invention it is ensured that the teatcup liner rests over at least part of the circumference and preferably along the entire length of the teat flanks, but at least over a certain partial length of the flanks, in a flat or full-circumference.
  • the negative pressure acting in the interior can not continue up to the head region of the teatcup liner when fully applied, and thus the head region can be prevented from contracting due to a negative pressure acting here and the teat cup migrating in the direction of the udder bottom.
  • the Mariestenberg vein ring remains unloaded, so that an optimal milk flow is achieved and damage to the teat of the animal is avoided.
  • the teatcup liner therefore always rests on the flanks of the teat in this procedure. Both in the first position, the position in the opposite sides of the teatcup below the teat tip come into contact with each other, as well as in the second position, the position in which opposite walls of the teatcup below the teat tip do not come into contact with each other.
  • the teat rubber it is no longer necessary for the teat rubber to be on the teat bounces. This has the advantage that the well-being of the animals is increased.
  • Another advantage of the method according to the invention results from the reduced teat rubber movement.
  • the reduced movement means that the pumping effect of the teatcup liner during milking is reduced and thus also the risk of backspray in the teat cup. During the entire pulse cycle, therefore, a back spray due to the teat rubber movement is excluded.
  • the intermediate phases shorten, so that the pressure profile can be optimized with respect to the phases B and D can be controlled.
  • the control of the pressure difference with regard to a permanent concern of the teatcup liner on the teat flanks, depends in particular on the shape and elasticity of the teatcup liner, and sometimes also on the aging state of the teatcup liner. Regardless of these sometimes difficult to measure or influence parameters, it is proposed according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the actual pressure in the pulse space always during the pulse cycle to set greater than the actual pressure in the interior. With such control of the actual pressure difference, the teatcup liner is prevented from lifting off the flanks of the teat during the pulse cycle, and especially during the milking phase. There is thus no risk that a higher negative pressure is present in the pulse space than in the interior space.
  • the teatcup liner is also not subjected to pressure during the milking phase which deforms the teatcup liner too much radially outward.
  • the teatcup liner is moved from the first position to the second position, in such a way that the radially outward forces are not greater than the counteracting forces.
  • the minimum pulse pressure on the control side is set to a fixed or a proportionally larger amount above the set pressure in the interior. Accordingly, always acts a teatcup liner in the direction of the interior acting pressure difference between the interior and the pulse space.
  • the pressure difference is controlled depending on the behavior of the teatcup liner during the pulse cycle.
  • the behavior of the teatcup liner may change due to cyclically repeating pumping motions.
  • the movement and reaction conditions of the teat rubber can change due to the permanent pumping motion. Since in this preferred embodiment, the pressure difference is controlled in dependence on the behavior of the teatcup liner, there is no danger that the teatcup liner loses contact with the teat flanks of the teat.
  • the behavior of the teatcup liner during the pulse cycle is detected by a sensor, and signals from the sensor that represent the behavior are forwarded to an evaluation device.
  • the sensor is attached to a lower portion of the teatcup liner.
  • the sensor forwards the determined signals to the evaluation device, in which the current behavior of the teat rubber is compared with reference data. This evaluation is done continuously during the entire pulse cycle.
  • the user of the milking device receives, for example at a milking place terminal information about what influence the detected behavior of the teatcup liner has on the current pressure difference.
  • the pressure in the pulse space and / or in the interior is re-regulated. This regulation either happens automatically or is performed by the user.
  • the maximum negative pressure in the pulse space is set or controlled as a function of the tuck-in pressure of the teatcup liner.
  • the fold-in pressure is the pressure needed to move the teatcup liner from the open position to the first position. If the fold-in pressure is exceeded, the teat rubber collapses.
  • the fold-in pressure is usually different for different types of teatcup liner. Possible values are between eg 6 and 20 kPa, but larger or smaller values are possible.
  • the maximum negative pressure in the pulse space is adjusted so that equation (2) is fulfilled
  • Pi max is equal to the maximum negative pressure in the interior
  • ⁇ P E corresponds to the tuck-in pressure of the teatcup liner.
  • the maximum negative pressure in the pulse space is then smaller than the maximum negative pressure in the interior minus a certain proportion, advantageously at least 40%, of the tuck-in pressure of the teatcup liner.
  • the maximum negative pressure in the pulse space is less than the maximum negative pressure in the interior minus half the fold-in pressure of the teatcup liner. It can be set in certain embodiments of the present invention, the maximum negative pressure in the pulse space so that the maximum negative pressure in the pulse space is always below the absolute pressure in the interior space. It has been found that at a maximum negative pressure P Pma ⁇ equals P
  • the pressure difference during the pulse cycle is controlled by adjusting the set pressures of a negative pressure source acting on the interior and / or a negative pressure source acting on the pulse space.
  • the target pressure is the theoretically specified pressure.
  • the target pressures are adjusted during the pulse cycle. This ensures that optimal milking conditions are always available.
  • a negative pressure acting on the pulse space is set independently of a negative pressure acting on the inner space.
  • This independent adjustment of the respective negative pressures is made possible, for example, by means of two independently controlled vacuum sources.
  • This has the advantage that in the suction phase not the same vacuum source for the control of the negative pressure in the interior and in the pulse space is used.
  • the control of the respective negative pressure can be made more reliable.
  • the negative pressure acting in the pulse space can also be adjusted or controlled by means of an additional valve, independently of the negative pressure acting in the interior space.
  • the additional valve is attached to the connection of the pulse space to the negative pressure source acting on the interior.
  • the valve is controlled in such a way that, although the interior space and the pulse space are connected with one and the same the same negative pressure source are connected, but in the respective spaces acting negative pressures can be controlled independently.
  • a higher vacuum is first applied to the pulse space, which is e.g. equal to the vacuum in the interior or even bigger. This ensures that before and during application of the interior of the milking cup has a maximum extent, so that the placement of the milking cup is easy.
  • the maximum vacuum is reduced in the pulse space to cause application of the teatcup liner to the teat.
  • the reduction of the vacuum level can also be controlled by milk flow, by reducing the maximum vacuum in the pulse space for the remainder of the milking process when milk flow begins.
  • the invention can be used with all types of teatcup liners.
  • the teatcup liners may consist wholly or partly of natural or artificial raw materials and wholly or partly of a type of rubber or silicone or the like.
  • the shape of the teatcup liner and / or the teatcup liner may be round, oval, rounded or angular. In particular, round, oval or polygonal rounded cross sections are preferred.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of a milking device
  • Figure 2 is a diagram showing the control of the negative pressure in the pulse space according to a conventional method.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the control of the negative pressure in the pulse space according to the inventive method.
  • Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a milking device used for milking animals.
  • the milking device 2 has two-room milking cups 4 in a number corresponding to the number of teats of the animal to be milked, of which only one milking cup 4 is shown for reasons of simplified illustration in FIG.
  • the milking cup 4 has an outer non-deformable housing 6 and a teatcup liner 8.
  • the teatcup liner 8 is mounted in the housing 6 so as to surround an interior 10 and has an opening 12 for receiving the teat.
  • the lines 16 connect with the interposition of control valves 17, the pulse space 14 with the vacuum source 21st
  • the interior 10 is connected by means of a milk line 18 to a claw 19.
  • the milk line 18 is also in communication with a vacuum source.
  • the lines 16 are in communication with a pulsator 20 which cyclically controls the pulse space 14 between a minimum negative pressure and a maximum negative pressure.
  • a sensor 22 is attached to the teatcup liner 8.
  • the sensor 22 is connected by means of an electrical line 24 to an evaluation device 26.
  • the behavior of the teatcup liner 8 for example the incidence movement from the open to the closed position, is checked by means of the sensor 22 during the entire pulse cycle.
  • the evaluation device 26 then checks the behavior of the teatcup liner 8 with reference data.
  • a user can follow the current data to a milking-place terminal 28 throughout the milking process. If there is now a deviation from the reference data that adversely affects the milking process, the user can adjust the operating point of the pulsator 20 via the milking station terminal. It is also conceivable to adapt the operating point of the pulsator 20 by automatically running control operations. Thus, an optimal control of the pressure difference during the milking process is always guaranteed.
  • a pulse cycle consists of a suction phase and a subsequent discharge phase.
  • the suction phase comprises an evacuation phase A and a milking phase B.
  • the relief phase can be subdivided into a ventilation phase C and into a pressure phase D.
  • This negative pressure Pp in any case acts at the end of the milking phase B in the pulse space 14.
  • the teatcup liner 8 is in an open phase. The opposite walls of the teatcup liner 8 are not in contact with each other at this stage (see the upper part of FIG. Since milk flows out of the interior 10 in the milking phase, the actual negative pressure in the interior is lower than the predetermined target pressure.
  • the actual negative pressure during the B-phase in the interior is shown enlarged by means of the curve 33 in Figure 2 for clarity. Thus, during the milking phase, a higher actual negative pressure acts in the pulse space 14 than in the inner space 10.
  • the teatcup liner 8 expands during the milking phase such that, depending on the teat size, contact between the teat flanks 38 and the teatcup liner 8 is not ensured for all teat sizes. There is therefore a risk that the teat cup 4 drops due to its own weight in a violent movement of the animal. In addition, this can lead to overstretching of the teat in the open teatcup liner, which is also unpleasant for the animal. If due to the lack of contact between the teat flanks 38 and the teatcup liner 8, the teatcup liner 8 climbs along the teat 34, constriction may occur in the region of the Mariestenberg vein ring.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de traite d'un animal au moyen d'un dispositif de traite comportant au moins une cuve de traite (4) présentant un espace intérieur (10) destiné à recevoir la mamelle (34) d'un animal à traire, et un espace d'impulsions (14) séparé de l'espace intérieur (10) par un caoutchouc à mamelle (8), pouvant être connecté à une source de dépression. La différence de pression entre l'espace intérieur (10) et l'espace d'impulsions (14) est commandée en cycles d'impulsions, un cycle d'impulsions comportant au moins une phase de délestage et au moins une phase d'aspiration. La différence de pression est commandée de telle manière qu'il y a contact entre le caoutchouc à mamelle (8) et les flancs de la mamelle sur l'essentiel de la phase d'aspiration.
PCT/EP2005/013086 2004-12-09 2005-12-07 Procede de traite d'un animal WO2006061197A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05824330A EP1827084A1 (fr) 2004-12-09 2005-12-07 Procede de traite d'un animal

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004059572.0 2004-12-09
DE200410059572 DE102004059572A1 (de) 2004-12-09 2004-12-09 Verfahren zum Melken eines Tieres

Publications (1)

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WO2006061197A1 true WO2006061197A1 (fr) 2006-06-15

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2005/013086 WO2006061197A1 (fr) 2004-12-09 2005-12-07 Procede de traite d'un animal

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EP (1) EP1827084A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102004059572A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006061197A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2033511A2 (fr) * 2007-09-07 2009-03-11 DeLaval Holding AB Procédé et agencement pour le contrôle de la traite par une trayeuse
US9258976B2 (en) 2010-11-22 2016-02-16 Delaval Holding Ab Teatcup liner and a teatcup
CN105494109A (zh) * 2015-12-10 2016-04-20 上海科湃腾信息科技有限公司 一种奶牛挤奶脉动器在线监测系统

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012005649A1 (de) 2012-03-22 2013-09-26 Gea Farm Technologies Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Melkanlage

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4391221A (en) * 1980-01-21 1983-07-05 Biomelktechnik Hoefelmayr & Co. Method for mechanical milk removal
US5443035A (en) * 1991-01-25 1995-08-22 Alfa Laval Agri International Ab Method of milking
EP0831692B1 (fr) * 1995-05-17 2001-07-25 Alfa Laval Agri Ab Procede de regulation de la traite d'un animal et machine a traire
WO2002005629A1 (fr) * 2000-07-18 2002-01-24 Westfalia Landtechnik Gmbh Procede et dispositif de commande et de controle d'une machine a traire
DE10326108A1 (de) * 2003-06-06 2004-12-23 Westfaliasurge Gmbh Verfahren zum Melken eines Tieres bei welchem ein Melkbecher mit einem Pulsator verbunden ist sowie eine Vorrichtung

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD139081A1 (de) * 1978-10-17 1979-12-12 Dieter Bothur Formgummieinsatz fuer melkbecher
DE3609275A1 (de) * 1986-03-19 1987-09-24 Werner Ludwig Schmidt Verfahren zum maschinellen milchentzug
DE3624478A1 (de) * 1986-07-19 1988-01-28 Westfalia Separator Ag Melkbecher fuer melkanlagen
DE19920729A1 (de) * 1999-05-05 2000-11-16 Christian Ahrweiler Melken
DE20112052U1 (de) * 2001-07-20 2003-02-27 Westfalia Landtechnik Gmbh Melkvorrichtung

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4391221A (en) * 1980-01-21 1983-07-05 Biomelktechnik Hoefelmayr & Co. Method for mechanical milk removal
US5443035A (en) * 1991-01-25 1995-08-22 Alfa Laval Agri International Ab Method of milking
EP0831692B1 (fr) * 1995-05-17 2001-07-25 Alfa Laval Agri Ab Procede de regulation de la traite d'un animal et machine a traire
WO2002005629A1 (fr) * 2000-07-18 2002-01-24 Westfalia Landtechnik Gmbh Procede et dispositif de commande et de controle d'une machine a traire
DE10326108A1 (de) * 2003-06-06 2004-12-23 Westfaliasurge Gmbh Verfahren zum Melken eines Tieres bei welchem ein Melkbecher mit einem Pulsator verbunden ist sowie eine Vorrichtung

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2033511A2 (fr) * 2007-09-07 2009-03-11 DeLaval Holding AB Procédé et agencement pour le contrôle de la traite par une trayeuse
EP2033511A3 (fr) * 2007-09-07 2012-11-14 DeLaval Holding AB Procédé et agencement pour le contrôle de la traite par une trayeuse
US9258976B2 (en) 2010-11-22 2016-02-16 Delaval Holding Ab Teatcup liner and a teatcup
CN105494109A (zh) * 2015-12-10 2016-04-20 上海科湃腾信息科技有限公司 一种奶牛挤奶脉动器在线监测系统

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DE102004059572A1 (de) 2006-06-22
EP1827084A1 (fr) 2007-09-05

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