WO2006055395A2 - Dispositif optique pour mesurer les proprietes optiques d'un echantillon et procede associe - Google Patents

Dispositif optique pour mesurer les proprietes optiques d'un echantillon et procede associe Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006055395A2
WO2006055395A2 PCT/US2005/040796 US2005040796W WO2006055395A2 WO 2006055395 A2 WO2006055395 A2 WO 2006055395A2 US 2005040796 W US2005040796 W US 2005040796W WO 2006055395 A2 WO2006055395 A2 WO 2006055395A2
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sample
detector
excitation
flow
cell
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Application number
PCT/US2005/040796
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English (en)
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WO2006055395A3 (fr
Inventor
Matthew S. Hull
Joshua P. Averett
Mark E. Jones
Daniel R. Klemer
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Luna Innovations Incorporated
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Publication of WO2006055395A2 publication Critical patent/WO2006055395A2/fr
Publication of WO2006055395A3 publication Critical patent/WO2006055395A3/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
    • G01N21/6428—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes"
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
    • G01J3/42—Absorption spectrometry; Double beam spectrometry; Flicker spectrometry; Reflection spectrometry
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
    • G01J3/44—Raman spectrometry; Scattering spectrometry ; Fluorescence spectrometry
    • G01J3/4406—Fluorescence spectrometry
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
    • G01N21/03—Cuvette constructions
    • G01N21/05—Flow-through cuvettes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
    • G01N21/645—Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/02—Details
    • G01J3/0205—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows
    • G01J3/0218—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows using optical fibers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
    • G01N21/645—Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters
    • G01N2021/6482—Sample cells, cuvettes

Definitions

  • the present invention is related to optical devices used to measure optical changes in a sample.
  • it relates to devices that measure fluorescence emissions of a sample.
  • Marine biotoxins and harmful algae are a significant and expanding threat to human health and fisheries resources throughout the US.
  • Five human illnesses are associated with toxic algae and consumption of seafood contaminated by harmful algae blooms (HAB) toxins: paralytic, neurotoxic, amnesic, and diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (called PSP, NSP, ASP, and DSP, respectively), and ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP).
  • PSP neurotoxic, amnesic, and diarrhetic shellfish poisoning
  • CFP ciguatera fish poisoning
  • whales, porpoises, seabirds, and other marine animals can become victims as well, accumulating algal toxins through the food chain by ingesting contaminated zooplankton or fish.
  • Optical devices are useful for analyzing optical changes in a sample that is found in a complex environment, such as the ocean. Such devices are particularly useful in identifying particular types of algae or other materials that fluoresce or absorb light. In general, either the absorbance or the fluorescence of a sample is measured and then interrogated to detect individual plant pigments. However, these approaches fail to discriminate a wide-range of plant pigments, missing critical information needed for the spectral characterization of water. ' Leaf in U.S. Patent No. 3,649,833 discloses a self-contained submersible fluorometer designed for the continuous in situ recording of concentrations of materials in an aqueous environment.
  • the instrument can either be towed behind a moving boat or placed at rest in a flowing stream with the faired nose portion of the instrument facing the current.
  • the pressure difference between an intake duct and an outlet duct causes water to flow through a transparent cuvette.
  • a curved duct carries the water sample to and from the cuvette.
  • a filter passes light from an excitation source which emits radiation at wavelengths which excite the sample material, whose concentration is to be detected, to fluoresce. As the material fluoresces, a filter that is selected to pass only those wavelengths of light from the desired fluorescent light to a photodetector.
  • the concentration of phytoplankton is to be determined, one need only replace the excitation filter with a filter that passes radiation over those wavelengths which excite chlorophyll to fluorescence.
  • An emission filter is selected to pass those wavelengths characteristic of fluorescing chlorophyll.
  • a photodetector is selected to be sensitive to all the wavelengths under consideration. That is, in making concentration measurements the photodetector is sensitive to the wavelengths emitted by the excitation lamp as well as the wavelengths which pass through the emission filter.
  • the output from the photodetector passes through a bandpass filter-amplifier to produce an input to a synchronous detector.
  • An integrator acts to integrate the output from the detector to produce a waveform.
  • the configuration of the device does not allow for the collection of data over a continuous range of wavelengths. Nor does it provide for the use of multiple excitation sources. Rather, the output from the photodetector corresponding to the light from the optical fiber increases in response to the detection of an increase in fluorescence of the sample material. As the intensity of light in the balancing path increases, the intensity difference in the two arms of the bridge decreases causing decay in the waveform. Hence the data collected is for a discrete wavelength rather than a continuous range of wavelengths.
  • Opti-Sciences, Inc. have disclosed a portable fluorometer and spectrometer on its website www.optisci.com/fsp2.htm.
  • the device is capable of measuring fluorescence and absorbance in the same instrument.
  • a standard configuration comes equipped with both a fluorometer and a spectrometer module. However, it also functions as a stand alone spectrometer or fluorometer.
  • the instrument can also be equipped with application specific filters (up to 5 excitation and 6 emissions) for multi-fluorescence analysis.
  • This device differs from that of the present invention because it is limited to testing at a discrete wavelength rather than over a continuous range of wavelengths. Nor does the device allow for multiple excitation sources.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a device that is capable of detecting fluorescence, absorbance, or fluorescence and absorbance simultaneously.
  • the device comprises a housing surrounding a flow- through flow-cell.
  • the flow-cell has a sample inlet positioned proximate to a first end of the flow-cell and a sample outlet positioned proximate to a second end of the flow- cell.
  • a sample chamber is positioned between the sample inlet and the sample outlet.
  • a plurality of excitation sources are positioned on the housing in an operable relationship to the sample chamber. At least one excitation source has a wavelength that is different from the other excitation sources. Each excitation source is incident on a sample in the flow-cell. At least one fluorescence emission detector is positioned in an operable relationship to the flow-cell. The fluorescence emission detector detects a continuous broadband spectrum of emission wavelengths emitted from the sample upon excitation by each excitation source. At least one signal interrogation system is positioned in an operable relationship with each detector. The signal interrogation system interprets a continuous fluorescence emission spectrum.
  • the device may also incorporate at least one absorbance detector for measuring transmitted power that is spectrally dependent on the absorbance characteristics of the sample.
  • the optical device described above is provided.
  • the device is exposed to a fluid sample.
  • the fluid sample is then exposed to a plurality of light excitations. Fluorescence emissions of the sample over a plurality of wavelengths are detected and a continuous wavelength spectrum is produced.
  • the advantage of the present invention over the prior art is that it allows for either fluorescence, absorbance, or the simultaneous detection of fluorescence and absorbance to be achieved upon exposure of a sample to multiple wavelengths of light. Moreover, because a continuous broadband spectrum of emission wavelengths emitted from the sample upon excitation are detected and interpreted, the user is not limited to emission data distributed over discrete wavelengths. Hence, the user does not need to have prior knowledge with respect to the wavelength at which a particular sample fluoresces. Because of these unique features, the present invention is useful as a continuous monitor for phytoplankton (e.g., harmful algae), relaying information real-time.
  • phytoplankton e.g., harmful algae
  • FIG. 1 depicts a simple embodiment of the device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 depicts a preferred flow-cell embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 depicts a preferred housing configuration of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 depicts a preferred configuration of the fluorescence emission detector.
  • FIG. 5 depicts a preferred configuration of the absorbance detector.
  • FIG. 6 depicts an embodiment of the invention employing both a fluorescence and an absorbance detector.
  • FIG. 7 A depicts a sampling sequence employed for the present invention.
  • FIG. 7B is a plot of continuous spectrum showing simultaneous operation for a plurality of excitation sources.
  • FIG. 8 is an emission spectra for a rhodamine dye standard using a 470nm
  • FIG. 9 is an emission spectra for a pure culture of Dunaliella excited at 630 nm at a 2000 msec integration time.
  • FIG. 1 depicts an embodiment of the device of the present invention.
  • the device 10 has two general components: a sample cell 20 and at least one signal interrogation system 40.
  • the device measures optical properties of a sample and, preferably, is a spectrofluorometer.
  • the sample cell 20 comprises a flow- through flow-cell 22 disposed within a housing 28.
  • flow-through it is meant that the sample cell permits continuous passive flow-through sampling of a sample. This configuration makes the devices of the present invention well suited for in situ operation on autonomous vehicles.
  • FIG. 2 depicts a preferred flow-cell configuration for the present invention.
  • the flow-cell 22 has a sample inlet 23 positioned proximate to a first end 24 of the flow-cell 22.
  • a sample outlet 25 is positioned proximate to a second end 26 of the flow-cell 22.
  • a sample chamber 27 is positioned between the sample inlet 23 and the sample outlet 25.
  • the fluid path for the sample chamber 27 is preferably shaped or designed in such a way that none of the sample can escape until the sample chamber 27 is completely full.
  • the preferred flow-cell allows for passive fluidic handling, meaning that the fluid sample moves through the sample chamber, permitting mid- stream sampling.
  • the flow-cell has the configuration of that known as a Fluorometer Cell which is commercially available from Starna Cells, Inc. in Atascadero, California.
  • each excitation source 29 is selected from the group consisting of: a narrowband source and a broadband source.
  • the narrowband source is preferably selected from the group consisting of: a laser diode, a strobe laser diode, a laser, and a bandpassed broadband source. Most preferably, the narrowband source is a strobe laser diode.
  • the broadband source is preferably selected from the group consisting of: a light emitting diode, a xenon lamp, a deuterium lamp, and an inert gas lamp. Most preferably, the broadband source is a light emitting diode such as SharkTM which may be purchased from Opto Technology, Inc. in Wheeling, Illinois. At least one excitation source has a wavelength that is different from the other excitation sources. Alternatively, each excitation source has a different wavelength and causes a different excitation of the sample.
  • FIG. 1 depicts a preferred embodiment where the fluorescence emission detector 30 is optically linked to a fiber optic probe assembly 31 through a means for collecting fluorescence emission optical signals 32 that is connected to the fiber optic probe assembly 31 (see FIG. 4).
  • FIG. 4 depicts the fiber optic probe assembly 31 positioned in an orthoganol relationship to the flow-cell 22 and the excitation sources 29.
  • each fluorescence emission detector 30 is optically linked to a fiber optic probe assembly 31 through a means for collecting fluorescence emission optical signals 32.
  • a means for collecting fluorescence emission optical signals 32 include: a large core multi-mode fiber bundle; a small core multi-mode fiber bundle; a lens/fiber combination; a fiber-bundle combination; and a single large core multi-mode fiber. Most preferably, this means is a small core multi- mode fiber bundle.
  • At least one signal interrogation system 40 is positioned in an operable relationship to the fluorescence emission detector 30 wherein the signal interrogation system 40 interprets a continuous fluorescence emission spectrum.
  • This spectrum differs from that of the prior art because it takes into consideration the width and the shape of the curve.
  • the wavelength and intensity vary depending on the sample, hence wavelengths ranging from about 100-1500nm may be detected.
  • the signal interrogation system 40 preferably comprises a user input means for controlling activation of each excitation source.
  • An example of such means is a computer equipped with command/control software that activates each excitation source, causing the sample to fluoresce as it passes through the sample chamber.
  • the signal interrogation system comprises an interpretive software means for transferring an optical signal from each detector to a computer.
  • the signal interrogation system comprises a means for interpreting spectral peak width and intensity.
  • At least one absorbance detector 35 is positioned in an operable relationship to a fiber optic probe assembly 37 which is positioned in an operable relationship to at least one excitation source 29.
  • the absorbance detector 35 detects both absorbance and fluorescence at individual wavelengths. Hence, narrowband excitations are detected as the sample absorbs light from the excitation source(s).
  • the absorbance detector measures transmitted power that is spectrally dependent on absorbance properties of the sample.
  • at least one optical filter 36 is positioned in an operable relationship to the absorbance detector 35.
  • Each absorbance detector 35 has a means 32 for collecting absorbance optical signals detected by the fiber optic probe assembly 37.
  • Each means is selected from the group consisting of: a photodiode; a large core multi-mode optical fiber bundle; a small core multi-mode optical fiber bundle; a lens/optical fiber combination; an optical fiber-bundle combination; and a single large core multimode optical fiber.
  • the means is a fiber bundle.
  • a signal interrogation system 40 comprises a user input means for controlling activation of each excitation source and interpretive software means for transferring an optical signal from each detector 35 to a computer.
  • the signal interrogation system 40 comprises a means for interpreting spectral peak width and intensity.
  • FIG. 6 depicts another embodiment of the invention where both a fluorescence detector 30 and an absorbance detector 35 are used in combination.
  • a fiber optic probe assembly for measuring fluorescence 31 is positioned in an orthoganol relationship to the flow-cell 22 such that orthoganol fluorescence emission wavelength measurements are made as the sample is exposed to the excitation sources 29.
  • a separate fiber optic probe assembly for measuring absorbance 37 is also positioned in an orthoganol relationship to the flow-cell 22 such that orthoganol absorbance emission wavelength measurements are made as a sample is exposed to the excitation sources 29.
  • at least one optical filter 36 is positioned in an operable relationship to the absorbance detector 35.
  • Each fiber optic probe assembly is optically connected 32 to its respective absorbance detector 35 or fluorescence emission detector 30.
  • a signal interrogation system 40 comprises a user input means for controlling activation of each excitation source 29 and an interpretive software means for transferring an optical signal from each detector 30, 35 to a computer.
  • the signal interrogation system 40 preferably further comprises a means for interpreting spectral peak width and intensity.
  • the device is used to measure fluorescence alone, absorbance alone, or fluorescence and absorbance in combination.
  • the method comprises the steps of providing an optical device comprising a plurality of excitation sources incident on a sample contained in a flow-cell. At least one excitation source has an excitation wavelength that is different from the other excitation sources.
  • At least one detector is positioned in an operable relationship to the flow-cell. The detector is either a fluorescence emission detector or an absorbance detector. Preferably, the detector is a fluorescence emission detector. Alternatively, the detector is a fluorescence emission detector in combination with at least one absorbance detector. This combination permits simultaneous detection of fluorescence and absorbance by a sample.
  • the detector is positioned in an operable relationship to a fiber optic probe assembly and detects a continuous broadband spectrum of excitation emission wavelengths produced by the sample upon exposure to each excitation source.
  • At least one signal interrogation system is positioned in an operable relationship with each detector. The signal interrogation system measures a continuous wavelength spectrum.
  • the device is exposed to a fluid sample.
  • the device is actually submerged in the fluid sample rather than the fluid sample being injected into the flow-cell of the device.
  • the fluid sample is selected from the group consisting of: a biological sample; a chemical sample; and a liquid sample.
  • the fluid sample is a biological sample such as algae.
  • the sample is exposed to a plurality of light excitations.
  • these light excitations are autonomously switched.
  • the autonomous switching between the plurality of light excitations may occur individually or in combination.
  • Such switching occurs by using command/control software that activates each of the excitation sources which then fluoresces a sample as it passes through the sample chamber of the flow-cell.
  • the software allows the user to regulate the drive current, sampling interval and firing sequence of the excitation sources.
  • optical responses of the sample are detected over a plurality of wavelengths such that a continuous wavelength spectrum is produced. Additionally, the spectral peak width and shape are interpreted.
  • a machined housing containing multiple light emitting diodes (LEDs), a flow cell, and a fiber optic probe assembly was fabricated.
  • a cube-like housing having four flat windows was fabricated by machining a piece of aluminum such that a square slot is positioned in the center of the housing. The square slot securely seats a 10-mm square cuvette or a 13 -mm test tube or other sample holder.
  • the sample holder is a flow-through , passive, non-power sampling device such as the Starna flow cell, commercially available from Starna.
  • a RoMack Fiber assembly with a customized SMA end fitting, flange, and a PVC monocoil or flexible stainless steel jacket was coupled to the housing.
  • the fiber assembly was customized to place the end of a 1000 micron core fiber in close proximity to the optically-clear flow-through chamber.
  • the coupling that joins the assembly to the housing is easily removed to permit rapid change-out of various configurations (e.g., fibers of varying core size and length) of optical fiber assemblies.
  • LED sources were used as the excitation sources. Examples of various LEDs include the LuxeonTM LED, SharkTM LED, and UFOTM LED. Each is commercially available from Optotech.
  • the excitation sources are removable such that different types and different combinations of LEDs are employed. This design permits flexibility in the device to use different excitation sources and permits switching between wavelengths.
  • the housing of Example 1 was integrated into a spectrometer-based fluorometer that was used in an environmentally controlled shipboard laboratory.
  • the housing design was integrated with an Ocean Optics USB-S2000 spectrometer that had a 253-842 nm grating.
  • the housing was linked to the spectrometer through a fiber-bundle link.
  • Command/control software activated each of the LEDs which then fluoresces a sample as it passed through the sample chamber.
  • the fiber bundle transferred the optical emission spectra from the sample to the spectrometer.
  • Built-in interpretive software transferred the optical signal to a shipboard PC.
  • FIG. 7A depicts a sampling sequence that was employed with the device.
  • the system "wakes up” and drives 4 LED sources in a pre-determined sequence. This approach minimizes power requirements, thus demonstrating the versatility of the device for use on autonomous, in situ platforms (e.g. buoys, autonomous vehicles).
  • autonomous, in situ platforms e.g. buoys, autonomous vehicles.
  • FIG. 7B This plot is of a continuous spectrum showing simultaneous operation of a plurality of excitation sources.
  • Rhodamine dye standards were used as a control to evaluate the function of the device.
  • FIG. 8 shows the continuous fluorescence emission spectrum when rhodamine dye was excited using a single 470nm SharkTM LED. Operation of the LED is verified by the presence of an excitation peak at 470nm. A clear emission peak is observed at 575nm, thus indicating the fluorescent emission of the rhodamine dye.
  • this graph shows excitation of rhodamine by only a single source. It is important to note, however, that the device permits use of multiple excitation sources in various sampling configurations also (as shown in FIG. 7A).
  • FIG. 9 shows the emission spectrum for a pure culture of Dunaliella excited at 630nm for an integration time of 2000 msec. This spectrum clearly indicates the chlorophyll emission peak, which is known to occur at 685nm, and reduces to practice the use of the device of the present invention for exciting phytoplankton samples and subsequently recording the continuous fluorescence emission spectra of those samples.
  • FIG. 9 shows excitation of Dunaliella by only a single source. It is important to note, however, that the device permits use of multiple excitation sources in various sampling configurations also (as shown in FIG. 7A).

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  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
  • Optical Measuring Cells (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif et un procédé servant à mesurer les propriétés optiques d'un échantillon. Le dispositif comprend un corps entourant une cuve à circulation à flux continu. La cuve à circulation comporte une entrée d'échantillon placée à proximité d'une première extrémité de la cuve, et une sortie d'échantillon placée à proximité d'une seconde extrémité de celle-ci. Une chambre d'échantillon est placée entre l'entrée et la sortie d'échantillon. Une pluralité de sources d'excitation sont mises en place sur le corps de manière à pouvoir agir sur la chambre d'échantillon. Au moins une source d'excitation comporte une longueur d'onde différente des autres sources d'excitation. Chaque source d'excitation agit sur un échantillon de la cuve à circulation. Au moins un détecteur d'émission fluorescente est positionné de façon opérationnelle par rapport à la cuve à circulation. Ledit détecteur détecte un spectre continu à large bande de longueurs d'onde d'émission émises par l'échantillon lorsque celui-ci est soumis à l'action de chaque source d'excitation. Au moins un système d'interrogation de signal, positionné de façon opérationnelle par rapport à chaque détecteur, interprète un spectre continu d'émission fluorescente. Le dispositif comprend aussi au moins un détecteur d'absorbance servant à mesurer la puissance transmise qui dépend, d'un point de vue spectral, des caractéristiques d'absorbance de l'échantillon.
PCT/US2005/040796 2004-11-15 2005-11-14 Dispositif optique pour mesurer les proprietes optiques d'un echantillon et procede associe WO2006055395A2 (fr)

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US62784204P 2004-11-15 2004-11-15
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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030058440A1 (en) * 2001-08-28 2003-03-27 Scott Graham B. I. Pulsed-multiline excitation for color-blind fluorescence detection
US6683314B2 (en) * 2001-08-28 2004-01-27 Becton, Dickinson And Company Fluorescence detection instrument with reflective transfer legs for color decimation

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030058440A1 (en) * 2001-08-28 2003-03-27 Scott Graham B. I. Pulsed-multiline excitation for color-blind fluorescence detection
US6683314B2 (en) * 2001-08-28 2004-01-27 Becton, Dickinson And Company Fluorescence detection instrument with reflective transfer legs for color decimation

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