WO2006050635A1 - Procede pour mesurer la qualite d'une voie sans fil dans un systeme d'acces multiple ofdm - Google Patents

Procede pour mesurer la qualite d'une voie sans fil dans un systeme d'acces multiple ofdm Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006050635A1
WO2006050635A1 PCT/CN2004/001302 CN2004001302W WO2006050635A1 WO 2006050635 A1 WO2006050635 A1 WO 2006050635A1 CN 2004001302 W CN2004001302 W CN 2004001302W WO 2006050635 A1 WO2006050635 A1 WO 2006050635A1
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Prior art keywords
test
terminal
base station
information
message
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Xuesong Wang
Yanwei Wu
Ning Wang
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ZTE Corp
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ZTE Corp
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Priority to PCT/CN2004/001302 priority Critical patent/WO2006050635A1/zh
Priority to CN200480043666XA priority patent/CN1993910B/zh
Publication of WO2006050635A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006050635A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601Multicarrier modulation systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/20Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received using signal quality detector
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/14Two-way operation using the same type of signal, i.e. duplex
    • H04L5/1438Negotiation of transmission parameters prior to communication

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for wireless channel quality measurement, and more particularly to measurement of channel state and packet transmission error rate in a wireless communication system employing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing multiple access techniques (e.g., OFDM).
  • OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing multiple access techniques
  • Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDM) technology was applied to the military field in the 1960s and gradually applied to the civilian sector after the 1970s. This modulation method has a high spectrum utilization and is suitable for use in wireless data transmission.
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • FIG. 1 The structure of a conventional OFDM system using a digital modulation technique is shown in Figure 1, in which digital modulation is used, such as QPSK (quadruple phase shift keying), QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation - quadrature) Amplitude modulation ), PAM (pulse amplitude modulation), etc., of course, analog modulation techniques can also be used.
  • the coding method can take various forms, such as RS (Reed-Solomon) code, convolutional code, TCM (trellis coded modulation) code, Turbo code, and the like.
  • RS Random-Solomon
  • the pilot is inserted, and the inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT operation) is performed after serial-to-parallel conversion, and then subjected to parallel-to-serial conversion, sent to the radio unit for processing, and finally sent to the transmitting antenna.
  • IFFT operation inverse fast Fourier transform
  • the purpose of inserting the cyclic prefix and windowing here is to overcome the multipath interference and to facilitate the fast Fourier transform (FFT operation) on the receiver side to reduce the spur of the transmitted signal.
  • the receiving process is: after the RF-transformed signal from the receiving antenna is subjected to A/D processing, converted into digital information, serial-to-serial converted, FFT operation and parallel-to-serial conversion are performed, channel estimation and channel correction are performed, and digital is performed. Demodulation, deinterleaving and decoding, complete the processing.
  • OFDM systems generally use multi-carrier technology to convert high-speed data streams through serial-to-parallel conversion, so that the duration of data symbols on each sub-carrier is relatively increased, so that the inter-symbol interference ISI caused by the time dispersion of the wireless channel can be effectively reduced.
  • InterSymbol Interference this The method of inserting a cyclic prefix is used to eliminate the adverse effects of ISI.
  • 2 is a time domain waveform diagram of an OFDM symbol using a cyclic insertion prefix.
  • Tb represents the effective symbol period in the OFDM signal
  • Tg is the inserted cyclic prefix, which is the same as part of the Tb period
  • Ts is the entire time. Multipath interference can be overcome by periodically inserting the cyclic prefix Tg.
  • the OFDM system since there are multiple orthogonal subcarriers in the OFDM system, and the output signal is a superposition of multiple subchannel signals, there is a disadvantage that is susceptible to frequency deviation compared with the single carrier system. Since the spectrums of the subchannels overlap each other, this imposes strict requirements on the orthogonality between them. At the same time, the OFDM system also has the following advantages. For example, due to the frequency selectivity of the wireless channel, it is impossible for all subcarriers to be in a relatively deep fading condition at the same time. Therefore, the signal bit can be fully utilized by dynamic bit allocation and dynamic subchannel allocation. Higher system subchannels, thereby improving system performance.
  • a subchannel that is not applicable to one user may be a subchannel with better performance for other users, so the subchannel will be turned off unless one subchannel is not applicable to all users. , but the probability of this happening is very small. And because narrowband interference can only affect a small fraction of subcarriers, OFDM systems can resist this narrowband interference to some extent.
  • the offset of the carrier frequency only causes a certain amplitude attenuation and phase rotation on the received signal, which can generally be overcome by equalization and the like.
  • the offset of the carrier frequency will cause interference between the sub-channels, and for the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system that requires the sub-carriers to maintain strict synchronization, the frequency offset of the carrier is brought about.
  • the impact is more serious, so sensitivity to frequency deviation is one of the main drawbacks of OFDM systems, so measures must be taken to overcome this inter-channel interference ICI.
  • Common methods include two methods of inserting pilot synchronization and maximum likelihood synchronization.
  • FIG. 3 is a frequency domain diagram of an OFDM symbol that implements synchronization by inserting a pilot channel.
  • the pilot synchronization method is to add a pilot carrier to the normal signal, so that when the receiver performs processing, the pilot can be used to implement carrier synchronization.
  • capture Get the stage and the tracking stage Generally divided into two processes in the receiver, capture Get the stage and the tracking stage.
  • the frequency deviation can be large, which may be several times the subcarrier spacing.
  • the rough frequency estimation is performed as soon as possible; but in the tracking phase, only small frequency fluctuations need to be processed.
  • pilot synchronization method Another benefit of using the pilot synchronization method is that channel estimation and channel quality measurements can be made by measuring the pilot channel.
  • the content of the pilot channel is known in advance by the receiver, and the receiver can determine the quality of the wireless channel in the actual transmission process according to the received pilot channel, and adjust the data transmission process as the quality parameter of the data channel. Modulation and coding methods used in the medium, etc.
  • One of the objects of the present invention is to propose a method for measuring the quality of forward channel data transmission in an OFDM system.
  • One of the objects of the present invention is to propose a method for measuring the quality of reverse channel data transmission in an OFDM system.
  • One of the objects of the present invention is to propose a method for measuring the maximum throughput of an OFDM system air interface.
  • One of the objects of the present invention is to propose a method for measuring the wireless coverage of an OFDM system.
  • One of the objects of the present invention is to propose a method for simulating the data transmission situation of an actual user in an OFDM system to achieve the purpose of the face certificate system.
  • the present invention provides a method for measuring downlink transmission quality between a base station and a terminal in a wireless communication system employing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing multiple access technology, the method comprising the following steps : negotiating test parameters between the base station and the terminal; Transmitting, by the base station, a test data packet to the terminal; returning, by the terminal, a reception result of the test data packet to the base station; and obtaining, by calculation, the transmission quality information of the downlink.
  • the present invention provides a method for measuring an uplink transmission quality between a terminal and a base station in a wireless communication system employing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing multiple access technology, The method includes the following steps: negotiating test parameters between the terminal and the base station; transmitting a test data packet from the terminal to the base station; and returning, by the base station, a reception result of the test data packet to the terminal; And obtaining transmission quality information of the uplink by calculation.
  • the quality of the downlink channel and the uplink channel can be measured by using the method of the invention, and the measurement of the downlink channel and the uplink channel does not interfere with each other.
  • the method of the present invention can be tested at a fixed rate or a variable rate, since different transmission rates can correspond to different modulation and coding modes, so that different modulation and demodulation or coding and decoding performance can be measured by using different test rates.
  • the method of the present invention can support the test of maximum throughput.
  • the test data packet can be sent to the bandwidth scheduling module of the system to apply for the largest possible transmission bandwidth until it cannot be provided, so that the actual situation can be measured.
  • Maximum data throughput for the air channel can be provided.
  • the coverage of the network can be accurately evaluated during network planning and actual network acceptance, and the PER and system performance at various points in the coverage area are measured.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an OFDM system
  • 2 is a time domain waveform diagram of an OFDM signal to which a cyclic prefix is added;
  • FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram of an OFDM signal in which a pilot subcarrier is inserted
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a downlink test call initiated by a base station to a terminal in a loopback mode
  • FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of a device for processing a test packet by a terminal in a downlink loopback test mode
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flow chart of a test call from the terminal to the base station JL3 ⁇ 4 in the non-loopback mode
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart of a method for a terminal to initiate an uplink channel test statistic information acquisition and clearing a message to a base station. detailed description
  • the terminal 3 After the terminal 3 is powered on, it first scans and synchronizes with the downlink. Once the physical layer has reached synchronization, the MAC layer will attempt to obtain control parameters for the upstream and downstream channels. When the terminal 3 captures the Downlink Map DL-MAP message, it establishes a synchronization relationship with the downlink.
  • the terminal 3 After obtaining the synchronization, the terminal 3 waits for the Uplink Channel Descriptor UCD message from the base station 1 to obtain the transmission parameters of the possible uplink channel.
  • terminal 3 also performs at least one ranging process to obtain the correct timing offset and power adjustment.
  • the uplink situation is obtained by using the UCD message, and the time slot for initializing the ranging is obtained through the uplink mapping (UPlink Map) UL-MAP message, and the terminal 3 sends the time slot to the base station 1 at the moment.
  • Ranging Request RNG-REQ message once the base station 1 successfully receives the RNG-REQ message, it feeds back a Ranging Response R G-RSP message, in which the base station 1 will assign it to the terminal.
  • the present invention gives One of the methods is: when measuring the downlink quality, the base station first initiates a downlink channel test request message, that is, a DCT-REQ (Downlink Channel Test Request) message, after establishing a call connection with the terminal. To request the parameters necessary for the test.
  • a downlink channel test request message that is, a DCT-REQ (Downlink Channel Test Request) message
  • the message includes the following parameters: (1) message type; (2) the sequence number of the DCT-REQ message, each time the newly transmitted DCT-REQ message is incremented based on the sequence number of the previous DCT-REQ message, the parameter is (3) used to indicate the identifier of the terminal receiving the message; (4) test the data source generation mode, including the random mode and the fixed mode: when in the random mode, the test data is generated in a pseudo-random manner; In fixed mode, test data is generated in a predefined manner; (5) data rate mode, including variable rate mode and fixed rate mode; (6) data loopback mode, indicating whether loopback is used; (7) selecting fixed rate Under the mode test condition, the rate of the selected test packet: when the parameter is equal to "0", it is the Blank mode; when the parameter is equal to "1111,", it is the maximum rate mode; when the parameter is equal to other, it represents the other Fixed test rate.
  • the terminal After receiving the DCT-REQ message, the terminal checks its own test capability, and then sends a downlink channel test response message, that is, a DCT-RSP (Downlink Channel Test Response) message, to the base station to feed back the negotiated test parameters.
  • the message includes the following parameters: (1) message type; (2) the sequence number of the DCT-RSP message, each time the newly sent DCT-RSP message is incremented based on the sequence number of the previous DCT-RSP message, the parameter is (3) an identifier for indicating the terminal that receives the message; (4) a verification code indicating whether the terminal succeeds or fails to negotiate the test request in the DCT-REQ message, and if not, gives the reason; (5) the terminal The maximum rate that can be supported. This parameter occurs when the verification code indicates that the rate requested by the base station exceeds the maximum rate supported by the terminal.
  • a DCT-RSP Downlink Channel Test Response
  • the base station and the terminal can negotiate the test packet rate to be transmitted for the test call, and have two modes of fixed rate and variable rate.
  • the variable rate mode the data rate sent by the base station to the terminal will change at a time, that is, a non-fixed rate.
  • the base station first informs the terminal of the data rate to be transmitted, and the terminal judges according to its own situation. If the terminal cannot support the data rate to be sent by the base station, it returns a failure indication and tells the base station that it can The maximum data rate received.
  • the base station supports sending the data rate mode of the Blank to the terminal.
  • the base station can also test the maximum data rate mode of the terminal.
  • the base station first randomly selects a data rate to transmit to the terminal, and applies a sufficiently wide downlink bandwidth to the bandwidth scheduling control module of the system during the transmission process, until the system cannot satisfy the MAC header. That is, the BR setting in the Bandwidth request header is performed. When the maximum bandwidth that the system can support is reached, the maximum data rate is maintained for testing. However, in the Loopback test mode mode, the application for maximum bandwidth should consider the uplink situation at the same time, especially for the TDD system.
  • the advantage of using the maximum data rate mode test is that it can measure the maximum data throughput of the base station's downlink transmission.
  • the error detection mode of the terminal for downlink data can be completed by data source comparison. To implement this method, the terminal side has a corresponding data source regeneration device. The data source reproducing device performs the data source generating method according to the transmitting end, and ensures that the content of the data packet generated by the reproducing device is consistent with the content generated by the data source at the transmitting end.
  • the base station After receiving the DCT-RSP message, the base station sends a Downlink Channel Test Acknowledge DCT-ACK message to the terminal, where the message includes the following parameters: (1) type of message; (2) DCT-ACK message Serial number, each new DCT-ACK message is incremented based on the previous DCT-ACK message sequence number, the parameter is optional; (3) is used to indicate the identifier of the terminal receiving the message;
  • the verification code indicates the reply information after receiving the DCT-RSP message, which is used to indicate success or failure.
  • the terminal After the terminal receives the DCT-ACK message, it will be ready to receive test packets from the base station. After the DCT-ACK message is sent, the base station will send a test packet of a predetermined rate to the terminal. This process is shown in Figure 5.
  • the base station When the test call of the downlink wide measurement is to be stopped, the base station will send a downlink channel test statistics rely message (DCTStat-REQ) to the terminal, and set the StopTest field in the DCTStat-REQ message to "1" to notify the terminal to test. End.
  • DCTStat-REQ downlink channel test statistics rely message
  • the terminal After receiving the DCTStat-REQ message, the terminal determines that if the StopTest field is "1", it does not receive the test data packet from the base station, and returns the downlink channel test statistical response message DCTStat-RSP of the base station; the base station receives the DCTStat After the RSP message, it is judged that if the success flag is included, the test packet is stopped.
  • the base station can also obtain the statistics information of the terminal side by sending a DCTStat-REQ message to the terminal.
  • the DCTStat-REQ information includes the following parameters: (1) the type of message; (2) The sequence number of the DCTStat-REQ series message, each time the newly transmitted DCTStat-REQ message is incremented on the basis of the previous DCTStat-REQ message sequence number; (3) the identifier of the terminal used to indicate the message; (4) The flag used to inform the terminal that the test process is to end or continue; once the terminal receives the DCTStat-REQ information from the base station, the terminal will reply the base station with the downlink channel test statistical response message DCTStat-RSP.
  • the DCTStat-RSP message includes the following parameters: (1) the type of the message; (2) the sequence number of the DCTStat-RSP series message, each time the newly transmitted DCTStat-RSP message is incremented based on the sequence number of the previous DCTStat-RSP message; (3) an identifier for indicating the terminal that receives the message; (4) a verification code indicating that the reply message after receiving the DCTStat-REQ message is used to indicate success or failure; (5) the terminal is in the downlink test call The number of correct test packets received during the process. This parameter only appears if the verification code is displayed as successful.
  • the base station can query the number of correct test packets received by the terminal and send the downlink channel state quality by sending a DCTStat-REQ message to the terminal at any time.
  • the base station side maintain the following statistics related to the test process:
  • dSentPakNum the number of test data packets sent by the base station to the terminal
  • dlRevPakNum The number of test packets received by the base station and judged to be correct from the terminal loopback.
  • the base station should clear the downlink test statistics maintained by the terminal before starting the test (also during the test), which can be completed by the base station initiating a downlink channel test clear request message (DCTClear-REQ) to the terminal.
  • the DCTClear-REQ message includes the following parameters: (1) the type of the message; (2) the sequence number of the DCTClear-REQ series message, each time the newly transmitted DCTClear-REQ message is incremented based on the previous DCTClear-REQ message sequence number; (3) An identifier used to indicate the terminal receiving the message.
  • the terminal After the terminal receives the DCTClear-REQ message from the base station, the terminal will maintain it. The statistics related to the downlink test are cleared. Upon completion, the downlink channel test clear response message (DCTClear-RSP) will be replied to the base station.
  • the DCTClear-RSP message includes the following parameters: (1) the type of the message; (2) the sequence number of the DCTClear-RSP series message, each time the newly transmitted DCTClear-RSP message is incremented based on the sequence number of the previous DCTClear-RSP message;
  • the base station After receiving the DCTClear-RSP message, the base station will also reset the registers of the statistics information related to the DCT test that it maintains, and set it to 0.
  • the terminal performs the test process, and then the received demodulated and decoded test data packet is passed through the buffer, and then re-encoded and modulated.
  • the base station is sent back to the base station, and the process performed by the base station is as shown in FIG.
  • 30-32 are receiving devices in the terminal.
  • 30 is an RF receiving device in the terminal, which amplifies and down-converts the received radio frequency signal, and finally becomes a digital signal and sends it to the demodulating device 31.
  • 31 is a demodulation device for OFDM, which mainly estimates and synchronizes channels, and performs operations such as FFT.
  • 32 is a deinterleaving and decoding device.
  • 35-37 is a transmitting device in the terminal, and 35 is an encoding and interleaving device that encodes and interleaves the data stream to be transmitted.
  • 36 is an OFDM modulation apparatus that performs an IFFT operation on the encoded and interleaved data, and inserts a cyclic prefix, a pilot, and the like.
  • 37 is an RF transmitting device, which performs D/A conversion on the modulated data, and is amplified by up-conversion and transmitted.
  • 34 is a statistical computing device. In the non-loopback test mode, statistically judges the received DCT test data packet from the base station, determines whether the received test data packet is correct, and counts the number of correct test data packets received.
  • the device 33 for the buffer, in non-Loopback In the test mode, the device 33 sends the received test data packet from the base station to the device 34 for statistical determination, and in the Loopback test mode, the device 33 sends the received test data packet from the base station directly to the device 35.
  • the coding/interleaving, modulation, and RF conversion are directly sent back to the base station.
  • the base station side compares and counts the returned Loopback test packets.
  • the quality of the forward and reverse links can be tested at the same time.
  • the base station can initiate a loopback call to the terminal to test the base station under the condition of ensuring the quality of the forward link. Receiver performance. Of course, this can only be done when there is someone on the base station side. If the quality of the reverse link is judged during the wild start, the terminal side can request the uplink channel test (UTT) from the base station side. .
  • UTT uplink channel test
  • the base station calculates various statistical parameters to obtain the quality information of the downlink transmission link.
  • the packet error rate PER ( % ) of the downlink can be calculated by the following formula:
  • dRevPakNum is the number of test packets received from the base station and determined by the terminal
  • dSentPakNum is the number of test packets sent by the base station to the terminal.
  • the throughput of the downlink can be calculated by the following formula:
  • dTestStartTime is the test start time and dTestEndTime is the test end time.
  • the uplink packet error rate UpLinkPER ( The calculation of %) can be done by the following formula:
  • the dlRevPak um is the number of loopback test packets that the base station receives from the terminal loop and is determined to be correct.
  • the dSentPakNum is the number of loopback test packets sent by the base station to the terminal.
  • the second method of the present invention is that, when measuring the uplink quality, the terminal first sends an uplink to the base station after establishing a call connection with the base station.
  • the channel channel test request message that is, the UCT-REQ (Uplink Channel Test) message
  • the message body format includes the following parameters: (1) message type; (2) serial number of the UCT-REQ message, each newly issued UCT-REQ The message is incremented on the basis of the previous UCT-REQ message sequence number, which is optional; (3) is used to indicate the identifier of the terminal receiving the message; (4) the test data source generation mode is divided into random Mode and fixed mode: When in random mode, test data is generated in a pseudo-random manner; when in fixed mode, test data is generated in a predefined manner; (5) data rate mode, select variable rate mode test or fixed rate Mode to test; (6) Data loopback mode, indicating whether loopback is used; (7) Number of selected tests under the condition of selecting fixed rate mode test Rate packet; when the parameter is equal to "0" for the Blank mode; when the parameter is equal to "1111", the maximum rate mode; when the parameter is equal to the other, it represents other fixed test rate.
  • UCT-REQ Uplink
  • the base station Once the base station receives the message, it will reply the terminal with the uplink channel test response message.
  • the message includes the following parameters: (1) message type; (2) sequence number of the UCT-RSP message, each time the newly issued UCT-RSP message is based on the sequence number of the previous UCT-RSP message Increment, the parameter is optional; (3) is used to indicate the identifier of the terminal receiving the message;
  • the verification code represents the success or failure of the terminal to negotiate the test request in the UCT-REQ message, and if it fails, the reason is given.
  • the maximum rate that the base station can support This parameter occurs when the verification code indicates that the rate requested by the terminal exceeds the maximum rate supported by the base station.
  • the terminal can negotiate with the base station on the test packet rate to be transmitted by the test call, and has two modes of fixed rate and variable rate.
  • the variable rate mode the data rate sent by the terminal to the base station will change at a time, that is, a non-fixed rate.
  • the terminal In the fixed rate mode, the terminal first informs the base station of the data rate to be transmitted, and the base station determines according to its own situation. If the base station cannot support the data rate to be sent by the terminal, it returns a failure indication and tells the terminal that it can. The maximum data rate received. At the same time, the terminal supports sending the data rate mode of the Blank to the base station. In addition, the terminal may also initiate a test of the maximum data rate mode to the base station.
  • the terminal randomly selects a data rate to transmit to the base station, and during the sending process,
  • the bandwidth scheduling control module of the system relies on a sufficiently wide uplink bandwidth until the system cannot meet the requirements, such as the BR setting in the MAC header, that is, the Bandwidth request header.
  • the maximum bandwidth that the system can support is reached, the maximum data rate is maintained for testing.
  • the maximum bandwidth should be considered in consideration of the downlink, especially for the TDD system.
  • the advantage of using the maximum data rate mode is that the maximum data throughput of the base station's uplink transmission can be measured by this test mode.
  • the error detection mode of the uplink data by the base station can be completed by data source comparison.
  • the base station side needs to have a corresponding data source regeneration device.
  • the data source reproducing device performs the data source generating method according to the transmitting end, and ensures that the content of the data packet generated by the reproducing device is consistent with the content generated by the data source at the transmitting end.
  • the terminal After receiving the UCT-RPS message, the terminal sends an Uplink Channel Test Acknowledgement (UCT-ACK) message to the base station, and the message includes the following parameters: (1) the type of the message; (2) the serial number of the UCT-ACK message, each time The newly issued UCT-ACK message is incremented based on the previous UCT-ACK message sequence number, which is optional; (3) is used to indicate the identifier of the terminal receiving the message; (4) the verification code represents the reception The reply message after the UCT-RSP message is used to indicate success or failure.
  • UCT-ACK Uplink Channel Test Acknowledgement
  • the base station After the base station receives the UCT-ACK message, it will be ready to receive the test data packet from the terminal. After the terminal sends a UCT-ACK message, it will send a test packet of a predetermined rate to the base station. This process is shown in Figure 8.
  • the terminal sends an uplink channel test statistic request message UCTStat-REQ to the base station, and sets the end flag field StopTest in the UCTStat-REQ message to "1" to notify the end of the terminal test.
  • the base station receives the UCTStat-REQ message, it determines that if the StopTest field is "1", it will no longer receive the obtained test data packet, and reply to the terminal UCTStat-RSP message, and the terminal receives the UCTstat-RSP message. After judging that if the success flag is included, the test packet will be stopped.
  • the terminal sends the uplink channel test statistics request message UCTStat-REQ to the base station, and can also be used to obtain the statistics information of the base station side.
  • the UCTStat-REQ information includes the following parameters: (1) the type of the message; (2) the serial number of the UCTStat-REQ series message, each new transmission The UCTStat-REQ message is incremented based on the previous UCTStat-REQ message sequence number; (3) the identifier used to indicate the terminal receiving the message; (4) the flag used to inform the base station that the test process is ending or continuing.
  • the base station will reply to the terminal for the channel test statistical response message (UTTStat-RSP).
  • the UCTStat-RSP message includes the following parameters: (1) the type of the message; (2) the sequence number of the UCTStat-RSP series message, each time the newly issued UCTStat-RSP message is incremented on the base of the previous UCTStat-RSP message sequence number; (3) an identifier for indicating the terminal that receives the message; (4) a verification code, which represents a reply message after receiving the UCTStat-REQ message, used to indicate success or failure; (5) the base station is in the uplink test call The number of correct test packets received during the process. This parameter only appears if the verification code is displayed as successful.
  • the terminal can query the number of correct test packets received by the base station by sending a UCTStat-REQ message to the base station at any time, and calculate the uplink channel state quality.
  • the terminal side maintain the following statistics related to the test process:
  • uSentPakNum The number of test data packets sent by the terminal to the base station
  • ulRevPakNum The number of test packets received by the terminal that are judged to be correct from the loopback of the base station.
  • the terminal should clear the statistics of the maintenance of the base station side before starting the test (also during the test), which can be completed by the terminal initiating an uplink channel test clear request message (UTTClear-REQ) to the base station.
  • the UCTClear-REQ message includes the following parameters: (1) the type of the message; (2) the sequence number of the UCTClear-REQ series message, each time the newly issued UTCCrear-REQ message is incremented on the basis of the sequence number of the previous UTCLerr-REQ message; (3) An identifier used to indicate the terminal receiving the message.
  • the base station After the base station receives the UTCCrear-REQ message from the terminal, the base station will maintain itself. All statistics related to the uplink test are cleared. Upon completion, the terminal will reply with an Upstream Channel Test Clear Response message (UCTClear-RSP).
  • the UCTClear-RSP message includes the following parameters: (1) the type of the message; (2) the sequence number of the UCTClear-RSP series message, each time the newly issued UTCdlear-RSP message is incremented based on the sequence number of the previous UTCClear-RSP message; (3) an identifier for indicating the terminal that receives the message; (4) a reply message after receiving the UCTCaler-REQ message, indicating success or failure.
  • the terminal After receiving the UCTClear-RSP message, the terminal will also reset the registers of the statistics information related to the UCT test that it maintains, and set it to 0.
  • UCTStat-REQ UCTStat-DSP and UCTCIear-REQ
  • UCTClear-RSP messages are shown in Figure 9 for message interaction between the terminal and the base station.
  • UCTClear-REQ, UCTClear-RSP messages are generally executed before the test starts, and UCTStat-REQ, UCTStat-DSP messages can be initiated at any time during the test.
  • the terminal After the test is over, the terminal notifies the base station that the test is over by setting the StopTest bit in the UCTStat-REQ message.
  • the base station If the terminal initiates a loopback mode UCT test call to the base station, the base station performs the test process, and then receives the demodulated and decoded test data packet through the buffer, and then re-encodes and modulates. Send back to the terminal on the uplink.
  • the process performed by the base station is similar to the case where the terminal performs during the DCT Loopback test. Refer to Figure 7 and its description.
  • the terminal side compares and counts the returned Loopback test packets.
  • the quality of the forward and reverse links can be tested at the same time.
  • the terminal can be tested by the terminal to the base station by loopback call under the condition of ensuring the uplink quality. Receiver performance, especially in laboratory environments for testing and productivity testing.
  • the shield information of the uplink transmission link is obtained through calculation of the terminal through various statistical parameters.
  • the uplink packet error rate UpLinkPER ( % ) can be calculated by the following formula:
  • uSentPakNum is the number of test packets that the base station receives from the terminal and is judged to be correct
  • uSentPakNum is the number of test packets sent by the terminal to the base station.
  • the throughput of the uplink, UpLinkThroughput ( bps ), can be calculated as follows:
  • uTestStartTime is the test start time and uTestEndTime is the test end time.
  • the downlink packet error rate DownLinkPER ( % ) can be calculated by the following formula:
  • ulRevPakNum is the number of correct loopback test packets received by the terminal from the base station
  • uSentPakNum is the number of loopback test packets sent by the terminal to the base station.
  • the method provided by the invention can conveniently and accurately measure the wireless transmission quality of the air interface, and can quickly obtain the throughput, PER and other indicators, and especially in the field start and wireless coverage test, the method can be quickly obtained. Test data, saving time and cost.

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Description

正交频分复用多址接入系统无线信道质量的测量方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种无线信道质量测量的方法, 特别是涉及采用正交频分 复用多址接入技术 (如 OFDM )的无线通讯系统中的信道状态和数据包传 送误包率的测量。 背景技术
正交频分复用多址接入技术在上世纪 60年代开始应用于军事领域,在 70年代后逐渐应用于民用领域。 这种调制方式有很高的频谱利用率, 适合 应用于无线数据传输领域。
采用一种数字调制技术的传统 OFDM系统^信机结构见图 1,其中 采用了数字调制, 如 QPSK (四相绝对移相键控 - quadrature phase-shift keying )、 QAM(正交幅度调制 - quadrature amplitude modulation )、 PAM (脉冲振幅调制)等, 当然也可以采用模拟调制技术。 编码方式可以采用 多种形式, 如 RS ( Reed-Solomon )码、 卷积码、 TCM ( trellis coded modulation )码、 Turbo码等。 图 1中 10为发射机的结构, 11为接收机的 结构。 发射的信号经过编码、 交织, 并进行数字调制后, 插入导频, 经串 并转换后执行逆快速傅立叶变换(IFFT运算), 再经过并串转换, 送到射 频单元处理, 最后送到发射天线。 这里插入循环前缀和加窗的目的是为了 克服多径的干扰,并且有利于接收机侧执行快速傅立叶变换( FFT运算), 减少发射信号的杂散。 接收处理过程是, 将从接收天线来的信号经过 RF 变换后, 经 A/D处理, 转换成数字信息, 再串并转换, 执行 FFT运算和 并串转换, 执行信道估计和信道校正, 进行数字解调, 经解交织和解码, 完成处理。
OFDM系统一般多采用多载波技术, 将高速数据流通过串并转换, 使 得每个子载波上的数据符号持续长度相对增加, 从而可以有效地减小无线 信道的时间弥散所带来的符号间干扰 ISI ( InterSymbol Interference ), 这 过采用插入循环前缀的方法消除 ISI的不利影响。 OFDM系统的各个子载 波之间存在正交性, 允许自信道的频傅相互重叠, 因此与常规的频分复用 系统相比, OFDM系统可以最大限度地利用频谱资源。 图 2是一种采用循 环插入前缀的 OFDM符号时域波形图。
在图 2中, Tb代表了 OFDM信号中有效的符号周期, Tg是插入的循 环前缀, 与 Tb时间段内的一部分内 目同, Ts为整个时间。 通过周期性 的插入循环前缀 Tg就可以克服多径的干扰。
但是由于 OFDM系统内存在多个正交子载波,而且其输出信号是多个 子信道信号的叠加, 因此与单载波系统相比, 存在易受频率偏差影响的缺 点。 由于子信道的频谱相互覆盖, 这就对它们之间的正交性提出了严格的 要求。但同时 OFDM系统也有以下优点,如由于无线信道存在频率选择性, 不可能所有的子载波都同时处于比较深的衰落条件, 因此可以通过动态比 特分配以及动态子信道分配的方法, 充分利用信噪比比较高的子信道, 从 而提高系统的性能。 而且对于多用户系统来说, 对一个用户不适用的子信 道对其它用户来说, 可能是性能比较好的子信道, 因此除非一个子信道对 所有用户都不适用,该子信道才会被关闭,但发生这种情况的概率非常小。 并且因为窄带干扰只能影响一小部分的子载波,因此 OFDM系统可以在某 种程度上抵抗这种窄带干扰。
在单载波系统中, 载波频率的偏移只会对接收信号造成一定的幅度衰 减和相位旋转, 一般可以通过均衡等方法加以克服。 而对于多载波系统来 说, 载波频率的偏移会导致子信道之间产生干扰, 而且对于要求子载波保 持严格同步的正交频分复用系统来说, 载波的频率偏移所带来的影响会更 加严重, 因此对频率偏差敏感是 OFDM系统的主要缺点之一, 因此必须采 取措施来克服这种信道间干扰 ICI。 常用的方法有插入导频同步和极大似 然同步两种方法。
图 3是一种采用插入导频信道方式来实现同步的 OFDM符号频域图。 导频同步方法就是在正常信号中加入导频载波, 这样在接收机进行处 理时, 就可以利用导频来实现载波同步。 一般在接收机中分两个过程, 捕 获阶段和跟踪阶段。 当接收机处于捕获阶段时, 频率偏差可以较大, 可能 是子载波间隔的若干倍, 其实也就是尽快地进行粗略的频率估计; 但是在 跟踪阶段, 则只需要处理很小的频率波动, 就能够锁定并且执行跟踪任务。
采用导频同步方法的另外一个好处就是可以通过对导频信道的测量来 实现信道估计和信道质量测量。 实际上, 导频信道的内容是接收机事先知 道的, 接收机根据接收到的导频信道就可以判断出实际传输过程中无线信 道的质量, 并作为数据信道的质量参数, 来调节数据传送过程中所采用的 调制编码方式等。
但在实际系统的传输过程中, 数据除了经过空中接口的信道外, 还要 经过编码、 交织、 调制等环节, 任何环节都可能带来数据的传输错误。 并 且由于导频子载波和数据子载波之间存在频率的差异, 对导频信道的信道 估计和信道质量测量并不能完全反映业务信道的质量和传输效果。 因此还 需要一种更准确的测量方法应用于数据传输的全过程。 发明内容
本发明的目的之一就是提出一种方法,可以实现对 OFDM系统前向信 道数据传送的质量进行测量的方法。
本发明的目的之一就是提出一种方法,可以实现对 OFDM系统反向信 道数据传送的质量进行测量的方法。
本发明的目的之一就是提出一种方法,可以实现对 OFDM系统空中接 口最大吞吐量的测量。
本发明的目的之一就是提出一种方法,可以实现对 OFDM系统无线覆 盖情况的测量。
本发明的目的之一就是提出一种方法,可以仿真 OFDM系统中实际用 户的数据传输情况, 来达到臉证系统的目的。
为了实现上述目的, 本发明提供了一种用于在采用正交频分复用多址 接入技术的无线通信系统中测量基站与终端间的下行链路传输质量的方 法, 该方法包括以下步骤: 在所述基站与终端之间协商测试参数; 从所述 基站向所述终端发送测试数据包; 从所述终端向所述基站返回所述测试数 据包的接收结果; 以及通过计算获得所述下行链路的传输质量信息。
才艮据本发明的另一方面, 本发明提供了一种用于在采用正交频分复用 多址接入技术的无线通信系统中测量终端与基站间的上行链 输质量的 方法, 该方法包括以下步骤: 在所述终端与所述基站之间协商测试参数; 从所述终端向所述基站发送测试数据包; 从所述基站向所述终端返回所述 测试数据包的接收结果;以及通过计算获得所述上行链路的传输质量信息。
采用本发明方法可以分别实现对下行信道和上行信道的质量进行测 量, 且下行信道和上行信道的测量互不干扰。
本发明方法可以采用固定速率或变速率进行测试, 因为不同的传输速 率可以对应不同的调制编码方式, 因此通过采用不同的测试速率就可以实 现对不同的调制解调或编码解码性能进行测量。
本发明方法可以支持最大吞吐量的测试, 在这种模式下, 发送测试数 据包方可以向系统的带宽调度模块申请尽可能大的传输带宽, 直到不能提 供为止, 这样就可以测量出实际情况下空中信道的最大数据吞吐量。
采用本发明提供的方法可以在网络规划和实际网络验收时, 对网络的 覆盖进行准确的评估, 测量在覆盖区域各点的 PER和系统性能。
以下结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进行详细描述, 但不作为对本发 明的限定。 附图说明
图 1是 OFDM系统的框图;
图 2是加入循环前缀的 OFDM信号的时域波形图;
图 3是插入导频子载波的 OFDM信号的波形图;
图 4是 OFDM系统组网的示意图;
图 5是非环回(Loopback )方式下由基站向终端发起下行测试呼叫的 流程示意图;
图 6是基站向终端发起下行信道测试统计信息获取和清除请求消息的 流程示意图;
图 7是在下行链路 Loopback测试模式下, 终端对测试数据包的处理 装置的结构图;
图 8是非 Loopback方式下由终端向基站 JL¾上行测试呼叫的流程示 意图;
图 9是终端向基站发起上行信道测试统计信息获取和清^ *求消息的 流程示意图。 具体实施方式
一个 OFDM系统实际组网的结构图如图 4所示。 其中 1和 2为基站, 3为终端, 5、 6分别为基站 1和 2的覆盖区, 4为基站 1和 2的重叠覆盖 区。
终端 3开机后首先进行扫描并与下行链路进行同步。 一旦物理层达到 了同步, MAC层就会试图获得上行和下行信道的控制参数。 当终端 3捕 获到下行链路映射 ( Downlink Map ) DL-MAP消息后, 就与下行链路建 立了同步关系。
在获得同步后, 终端 3 等待来自基站 1 的上行信道描述符 ( Uplink Channel Descriptor ) UCD消息, 以获得可能的上行信道的发射参数。
在这个过程中, 终端 3还要至少执行一次测距(ranging )过程, 以获 得正确的定时偏置和功率调整。首先终端 3与下行链路同步后, 通过 UCD 消息获得上行链路情况, 通过上行链路映射 ( Uplink Map ) UL-MAP消息 来获得初始化 ranging的时隙, 终端 3会在该时刻向基站 1发送测距请求 ( Ranging Request ) RNG-REQ消息, 一旦基站 1成功接收到 RNG-REQ 消息, 就反馈一个测距响应(Ranging Response ) R G-RSP消息, 在该消 息中,基站 1会分配给终端 3所需的连接建立指示( Connection Identifier ) CID等信息,此后基站 1与终端 3之间的数据传输都采用该 CID来进行标 识。
为了测量空中接口数据传输的正确性和无线链路的质量, 本发明给出 的方法之一是, 在测量下行链路质量时, 基站在建立了与终端的呼叫连接 后,首先向终端发起下行链路信道测试请求消息,即 DCT-REQ ( Downlink Channel Test Request )消息, 用来请求测试所必须的参数。 该消息包括以 下参数: (1 ) 消息类型; (2 ) DCT-REQ 消息的序列号, 每次新发的 DCT-REQ消息在前一个 DCT-REQ消息序列号的基础上递增, 该参数为 可选项; (3 )用来指示接收该消息的终端的标识符; (4 )测试数据源产生 模式, 包括随机模式和固定模式两种: 当为随机模式时, 测试数据以伪随 机方式产生; 当为固定模式时, 测试数据以预定义方式产生; (5 )数据速 率模式, 包括变速率模式和固定速率模式; (6 )数据环回模式, 表示是否 采用环回; (7 )在选择固定速率模式测试条件下, 选择的测试数据包的速 率: 当该参数等于 "0"时, 为 Blank方式; 当该参数等于 "1111,,时, 为最大 速率模式; 当该参数等于其他时, 代表其他固定测试速率。
终端接收到 DCT-REQ消息后, 检查自己的测试能力, 然后向基站发 送下行链路信道测试响应消息, 即 DCT-RSP ( Downlink Channel Test Response )消息,用来反馈协商后的测试参数。该消息包括以下参数: ( 1 ) 消息类型; ( 2 ) DCT-RSP消息的序列号,每次新发的 DCT-RSP消息在前 一个 DCT-RSP消息序列号的基础上递增, 该参数为可选项; (3 )用来指 示接收该消息的终端的标识符; (4 )证实码, 表示终端对 DCT-REQ消息 中测试请求协商的成功或失败,如果失败则给出原因; (5 ) 终端所能支持 的最大速率, 该参数在证实码表明基站请求的速率超了终端支持的最大速 率时出现。
通过以上两个消息 , 基站和终端可以就测试呼叫所要传送的测试数据 包速率进行协商, 有固定速率和变速率两种模式。 在变速率模式下, 基站 向终端发送的数据速率将时刻变化, 即非固定速率。 在固定速率模式下, 基站首先通知终端要进行发送的数据速率, 终端则会根据自己的情况进行 判断, 若终端不能支持基站要发送的数据速率, 则会返回失败指示, 并告 诉基站自己所能接收的最大数据速率。 同时, 基站支持向终端发送 Blank 的数据速率模式。另夕卜,基站还可以向终端^^最大数据速率模式的测试, 在这种模式下, 基站首先随机选择一个数据速率向终端进行发送, 在发送 过程中, 向系统的带宽调度控制模块申请足够宽的下行链路带宽, 直到系 统不能满足为止, 可以通过比如 MAC包头即 Bandwidth request header 中的 BR设置来进行。 当达到系统所能支持的最大带宽时, 维持该最大的 数据速率进行测试。 但在 Loopback测试模式方式下, 申请最大带宽要同 时考虑上行链路的情况, 尤其对 TDD 方式的系统更要平衡考虑。 采用最 大数据速率模式测试可以带来一个好处 , 就是可以测量基站的下行链路传 输的最大数据吞吐量。 终端对下行数据的检错方式, 可以通过数据源比对 来完成, 实现该方式需要终端侧有相应的数据源再生装置。 数据源再生装 置是根据发送端的数据源产生方式来进行的, 要保证再生装置产生的数据 包内容与发送端的数据源产生的内容一致。
基站接收到 DCT-RSP消息后, 将向终端发送下行链路信道测试确认 ( Downlink Channel Test Acknowledge ) DCT-ACK消息, 该消息包括以 下参数: (1 ) 消息的类型; (2 ) DCT-ACK 消息的序列号, 每次新发的 DCT-ACK消息在前一个 DCT-ACK消息序列号的基础上递增, 该参数为 可选项; (3 )用来指示接收该消息的终端的标识符; (4 )证实码, 表示接 收到 DCT-RSP消息后的回复信息, 用来指示成功或失败。
在终端收到 DCT-ACK消息后, 将会做好接收来自基站的测试数据包 的准备。 基站在发出 DCT-ACK消息后, 将会向终端发送预定速率的测试 数据包, 这个流程见图 5。
当要停止下行链路廣量测量的测试呼叫时, 基站将向终端发送下行信 道测试统计倚求消息 (DCTStat-REQ ), 并将 DCTStat-REQ 消息中的 StopTest字段置 "1"来通知终端测试结束。 当终端收到 DCTStat-REQ消息 后, 判断若其中的 StopTest字段为 "1", 则不再接收从基站来的测试数据 包, 并回复基站下行信道测试统计响应消息 DCTStat-RSP; 基站收到 DCTStat-RSP消息后,判断其中若含有成功标志,则停止发送测试数据包。
基站通过向终端发送 DCTStat-REQ消息, 也可以用来获取终端侧的 统计信息。 DCTStat-REQ 信息包括以下参数: (1 ) 消息的类型; (2 ) DCTStat-REQ系列消息的序列号,每次新发的 DCTStat-REQ消息在前一 个 DCTStat-REQ消息序列号的基 上递增; ( 3 )用来指示接收该消息的 终端的标识符; (4 )用来通知终端测试过程是结束或继续进行的标志; 一旦终端接收到来自基站的 DCTStat-REQ信息, 则终端将向基站回 复下行信道测试统计响应消息 DCTStat-RSP。 DCTStat-RSP消息包括以下 参数: ( 1 )消息的类型; ( 2 ) DCTStat-RSP系列消息的序列号,每次新发 的 DCTStat-RSP消息在前一个 DCTStat-RSP消息序列号的基础上递增; ( 3 ) 用来指示接收该消息的终端的标识符; (4 )证实码, 表示接收到 DCTStat-REQ消息后的回复信息,用来指示成功或失败; (5 )终端在下行 链路测试呼叫过程中接收到的正确的测试数据包数目, 该参数仅当证实码 显示为成功才出现。
在下行链路测试过程中,基站可以随时通过向终端发送 DCTStat-REQ 消息来查询终端所接收到的正确的测试数据包数目, 并计算下行链路信道 状态质量。 在基站侧则要维护以下与测试过程有关的统计信息:
dSentPakNum: 基站向终端发送的测试数据包数目;
dTestStartTime: 测试开始时间;
dTestEndTime: 测试结束时间。
若基站发起 Loopback方式的下亍链路测试呼叫, 则还要维护以下统 计信息:
dlRevPakNum: 基站接收到的从终端环回的判断为正确的测试数据包 数目。
基站应该在开始测试前(也可以在测试过程中 )将终端维护的下行测 试统计信息清 0, 这可以通过由基站向终端发起下行信道测试清除请求消 息 (DCTClear-REQ )来完成。 DCTClear-REQ消息包括以下参数: ( 1 ) 消息的类型; ( 2 ) DCTClear-REQ 系列消息的序列号, 每次新发的 DCTClear-REQ消息在前一个 DCTClear-REQ消息序列号的基础上递增; ( 3 )用来指示接收该消息的终端的标识符。
当终端收到来自基站的 DCTClear-REQ消息后,终端将会将其维护的 与下行测试有关的统计信息清零。 在完成后将会向基站回复下行信道测试 清除响应消息(DCTClear-RSP )。 DCTClear-RSP消息包括以下参数: ( 1 ) 消息的类型; ( 2 ) DCTClear-RSP 系列消息的序列号, 每次新发的 DCTClear-RSP消息在前一个 DCTClear-RSP消息序列号的基础上递增;
( 3 ) 用来指示接收该消息的终端的标识符; (4 )证实码, 代表接收到 DCTCIear-REQ消息后的回复信息, 用来指示成功或失败。
基站收到 DCTClear-RSP消息后, 也将会将自己维护的与 DCT测试 有关的统计信息的寄存器进行复位, 进行置 0操作。
DCTStat-REQ, DCTStat-DSP 和 DCTCIear-REQ、 DCTClear-RSP 消息在基站和终端之间的消息交互情况见示意图 6。 DCTClear-REQ、 DCTClear-RSP 消息一般是在测试开始前执行, 而 DCTStat-REQ、 DCTStat-DSP消息可以在测试过程中根据需要随时发起。 在测试结束后, 基站通过将 DCTStat-REQ信息中的结束标志位 StopTest置 1来通知终端 测试结束。
若基站向终端; ^的是 Loopback模式的 DCT测试呼叫,则终端在执 行测试过程中, 要将接收到的经过解调、 解码后的测试数据包经过緩存器 后, 再重新进行编码、 调制, 在上行链路上发送回基站, 该基站执行的过 程如图 7所示。
在图 7中, 30-32为终端中的接收装置。 30为终端中的 RF接收装置, 将接收到的射频信号放大并下变频, 最后变成数字信号送到解调装置 31 中。 31为 OFDM的解调装置, 主要对信道进行估计, 并同步, 执行 FFT 等操作。 32为去交织和解码装置。 35-37为终端中的发射装置, 35为编码 和交织装置, 将要发射的数据流进行编码、 交织处理。 36为 OFDM调制 装置, 将经过编码和交织后的数据执行 IFFT运算, 并插入循环前缀和导 频等。 37为 RF发射装置, 将调制完的数据进行 D/A变换, 上变频放大后 发射。 34为统计计算装置, 在非 Loopback测试模式下, 对接收到的来自 基站的 DCT测试数据包进行统计判断, 判断接收到的测试数据包是否正 确, 并统计接收到正确的测试数据包数目。 33为緩存器, 在非 Loopback 测试模式下, 装置 33将接收到的来自基站的测试数据包送到装置 34进行 统计判断, 而在 Loopback测试模式下, 装置 33将接收到的来自基站的测 试数据包直接送到装置 35, 经过编码 /交织、调制和 RF变换后直接发送回 基站。
这种情况下, 基站侧要对返回的 Loopback测试数据包进行比对计算 并统计。 Loopback方式下,可以同时对前向和反向链路质量情况进行测试, 尤其是测量基站接收机性能时, 可以在保证前向链路质量的条件下, 通过 基站向终端发起 Loopback呼叫来测试基站的接收机性能。 当然, 这是在 基站侧有人职守的情况下才能完成的, 若在野外开局过程中, 要判断反向 链路的质量情况, 则可以由终端侧向基站侧请求上行链路信道测试 ( UCT )。
DCT测试过程中,通过基站计算各种不同的统计参数来获得下行传输 链路的质量信息。
下行链路的误包率 PER ( % )可通过以下公式计算:
DownLinkPER{%) = (1 - ^ 謹) * 100
dSentPakNum ,
其中 dRevPakNum 为终端接收到的从基站来的判断为正确的测试数据包 数目, dSentPakNum为基站向终端发送的测试数据包数目。
下行链路的吞吐量可以按以下公式进行计算:
η τ · i rj 7 ( \ dRevPakNum
DownLinkl hroughput(bps)
dTestStartTime― dTestEndTime,
其中 dTestStartTime为测试开始时间, dTestEndTime为测试结束时间。
在 Loopback测试模式下, 若能保证下行链路的传输质量, 则可以获 得上行链路的传输质量情况,从而测量基站接收机的性能,在这种情况下, 上行链路的误包率 UpLinkPER ( % ) 的计算可通过以下公式进行:
TT T . 7 DZ7D/0n dlRevPakNum. ^ Λ ΛΛ
UpLinkPER{%) - (1 ) * 100
dSentPakNum ,
其中 dlRevPak um为基站接收到的从终端环回来的判断为正确的环回测 试数据包数目, dSentPakNum为基站向终端发送的环回测试数据包数目。 为了测量空中接口数据传输的正确性和无线链路的质量, 本发明给出 的方法之二是,在测量上行链路质量时,终端在建立与基站的呼叫连接后, 首先向基站发送上行链路信道测试请求消息, 即 UCT-REQ ( Uplink Channel Test ) 消息, 该消息体格式包括以下参数: ( 1 )消息类型; (2 ) UCT-REQ消息的序列号,每次新发的 UCT-REQ消息在前一个 UCT-REQ 消息序列号的基 上递增, 该参数为可选项; (3 )用来指示接收该消息的 终端的标识符; (4 )测试数据源产生模式, 该参数分为随机模式和固定模 式两种: 当为随机模式时, 测试数据以伪随机方式产生; 当为固定模式时, 测试数据以预定义方式产生; (5 )数据速率模式, 选择变速率模式测试还 是固定速率模式进行测试; (6 )数据环回模式, 表示是否采用环回; (7 ) 在选择固定速率模式测试条件下, 选择的测试数据包的速率; 当该参数等 于" 0"时, 为 Blank方式; 当该参数等于 "1111"时, 为最大速率模式; 当该 参数等于其他时, 代表其他固定测试速率。
一旦基站接收到该消息, 将向终端回复上行信道测试响应消息
( UCT-RSP ),该消息包括以下参数:( 1 )消息类型; ( 2 ) UCT-RSP消息 的序列号,每次新发的 UCT-RSP消息在前一个 UCT-RSP消息序列号的基 础上递增, 该参数为可选项; (3 )用来指示接收该消息的终端的标识符;
( 4 )证实码, 代表终端对 UCT-REQ消息中测试请求协商的成功或失败, 如果失败给出原因。 (5 )基站所能支持的最大速率, 该参数在证实码表明 终端请求的速率超了基站支持的最大速率时出现。
在这里, 终端可以和基站就测试呼叫所要传送的测试数据包速率进行 协商, 有固定速率和变速率两种模式。 在变速率模式下, 终端向基站发送 的数据速率将时刻变化, 即非固定速率。 在固定速率模式下, 终端首先通 知基站要进行发送的数据速率, 基站则会根据自己的情况进行判断, 若基 站不能支持终端要发送的数据速率, 则会返回失败指示, 并告诉终端自己 所能接收的最大数据速率。 同时, 终端支持向基站发送 Blank的数据速率 模式。 另外, 终端还可以向基站发起最大数据速率模式的测试, 在这种模 式下, 终端先随机选择一个数据速率向基站进行发送, 在发送过程中, 向 系统的带宽调度控制模块申倚足够宽的上行链路带宽, 直到系统不能满足 为止,可以通过比如 MAC包头即 Bandwidth request header中的 BR设置 来进行。 当达到系统所能支持的最大带宽时, 维持该最大的数据速率进行 测试。 但在 Loopback测试模式下, 申请最大带宽要同时考虑下行链路的 情况, 尤其对 TDD 方式的系统更要平衡考虑。 采用最大数据速率模式可 以带来一个好处, 就是通过这种测试模式可以测量出基站的上行链路传输 的最大数据吞吐量。 基站对上行数据的检错方式, 可以通过数据源比对来 完成, 实现该方式需要基站侧有相应的数据源再生装置。 数据源再生装置 是根据发送端的数据源产生方式来进行的, 要保证再生装置产生的数据包 内容与发送端的数据源产生的内容一致。
终端接收到 UCT - RSP 消息后, 将向基站发送上行信道测试确认 ( UCT-ACK ) 消息, 该消息包括以下参数: (1 ) 消息的类型; ( 2 ) UCT-ACK消息的序列号,每次新发的 UCT-ACK消息在前一个 UCT-ACK 消息序列号的基础上递增, 该参数为可选项; (3 )用来指示接收该消息的 终端的标识符; (4 )证实码, 代表接收到 UCT-RSP消息后的回复信息, 用来指示成功或失败。
在基站收到 UCT-ACK消息后, 将会做好接收来自终端的测试数据包 的准备。 终端在发出 UCT-ACK消息后, 将会向基站发送预定速率的测试 数据包, 这个流程见图 8。
当要停止上行链路质量测量的测试呼叫时, 终端将向基站发送上行信 道测试统计请求消息 UCTStat-REQ,并将 UCTStat-REQ消息中的结束标 志字段 StopTest置" 1,,来通知终端测试结束。当基站收到 UCTStat-REQ消 息后, 判断若其中的 StopTest字段为 "1", 则将不再接收从获得来的测试 数据包, 并回复终端 UCTStat-RSP消息, 终端收到 UCTstat-RSP消息后 判断其中若含有成功标志, 则将停止发送测试数据包。
终端通过向基站发送上行信道测试统计请求消息 UCTStat-REQ,也可 以用来获取基站侧的统计信息。 UCTStat-REQ信息包括以下参数: ( 1 )消 息的类型; ( 2 ) UCTStat-REQ 系列消息的序列号, 每次新发的 UCTStat-REQ 消息在前一个 UCTStat-REQ 消息序列号的基础上递增; ( 3 )用来指示接收该消息的终端的标识符; ( 4 )用来通知基站测试过程是 结束或继续进行的标志。
一旦基站接收到来自终端的 UCTStat-REQ信息, 则基站将向终端回 复上 4亍信道测试统计响应消息( UCTStat-RSP )。 UCTStat-RSP 消息包括 以下参数: ( 1 )消息的类型;( 2 ) UCTStat-RSP系列消息的序列号,每次 新发的 UCTStat-RSP消息在前一个 UCTStat-RSP消息序列号的基 上递 增; (3 )用来指示接收该消息的终端的标识符; (4 )证实码, 代表接收到 UCTStat-REQ消息后的回复信息,用来指示成功或失败; ( 5 )基站在上行 链路测试呼叫过程中接收到的正确的测试数据包数目, 该参数仅当证实码 显示为成功才出现。
在上行链路测试过程中,终端可以随时通过向基站发送 UCTStat-REQ 消息来查询基站所接收到的正确的测试数据包数目, 并计算上行链路信道 状态质量。 在终端侧则要维护以下与测试过程有关的统计信息:
uSentPakNum: 终端向基站发送的测试数据包数目;
uTestStartTime: 测试开始时间;
uTestEndTime: 测试结束时间;
若终端发起 Loopback方式的下^ f亍链路测试呼叫, 则还要维护以下统 计信息:
ulRevPakNum: 终端接收到的从基站环回的判断为正确的测试数据包 数目。
终端应该在开始测试前(也可以在测试过程中)将基站侧维护的统计 信息清零, 这可以通过由终端向基站发起上行信道测试清除请求消息 ( UCTClear-REQ )来完成。 UCTClear-REQ消息包括以下参数: ( 1 )消 息的类型; (2 ) UCTClear-REQ 系列消息的序列号, 每次新发的 UCTClear-REQ消息在前一个 UCTClear-REQ消息序列号的基 上递增; ( 3 )用来指示接收该消息的终端的标识符。
当基站收到来自终端的 UCTClear-REQ消息后,基站将会将自己维护 的所有与上行测试有关的统计信息清零。 在完成后将会向终端回复上行信 道测试清除响应消息(UCTClear-RSP )。 UCTClear-RSP消息包括以下参 数: (1 )消息的类型; (2 ) UCTClear-RSP 系列消息的序列号, 每次新发 的 UCTClear-RSP消息在前一个 UCTClear-RSP消息序列号的基础上递 增; ( 3 ) 用来指示接收该消息的终端的标识符; ( 4 ) 代表接收到 UCTClear-REQ消息后的回复信息, 用来指示成功或失败。
终端收到 UCTClear-RSP消息后, 也将会将自己维护的与 UCT测试 有关的统计信息的寄存器进行复位, 进行置 0操作。
UCTStat-REQ, UCTStat-DSP 和 UCTCIear-REQ、 UCTClear-RSP 消息在终端和基站之间的消息交互情况见示意图 9。 UCTClear-REQ、 UCTClear-RSP 消息一般是在测试开始前执行, 而 UCTStat-REQ、 UCTStat-DSP消息可以在测试过程中根据需要随时发起。 在测试结束后, 终端通过将 UCTStat-REQ信息中的 StopTest位置 1来通知基站测试结束。
若终端向基站发起的是 Loopback模式的 UCT测试呼叫,则基站在执 行测试过程中, 要将接收到的经过解调、 解码后的测试数据包经过緩存器 后, 再重新进行编码、 调制, 在上行链路上发送回终端。 该基站执行的过 程类似于在 DCT Loopback测试过程中终端执行的情况, 可以参考图 7及 其说明。
这种情况下, 终端侧要对返回的 Loopback测试数据包进行比对计算 并统计。 Loopback方式下,可以同时对前向和反向链路质量情况进行测试, 尤其是测量终端接收机性能时, 可以在保证上行链路质量的条件下, 通过 终端向基站^ Loopback呼叫来测试终端的接收机性能, 尤其是在实验 室环境下的测试和生产性的测试。
UCT测试过程中,通过各种不同的统计参数经过终端的计算来获得上 行传输链路的盾量信息。
上行链路的误包率 UpLinkPER ( % )可通过以下公式计算:
UpLinkPER{Vo) = (1 ) * 100
uSentPakNum . 其中 uRevPakNum 为基站接收到的从终端来的判断为正确的测试数据包 数目 , uSentPakNum为终端向基站发送的测试数据包数目。
上行链路的吞吐量 UpLinkThroughput ( bps )可以按以下公式进行计 算:
τ τ τ . 7 ΓΓ7 Ί λ uRevPakNum
upLinkl nrougnputipps)
uTestStartTime - uTestEndTime ,
其中 uTestStartTime为测试开始时间, uTestEndTime为测试结束时间。
在 Loopback测试模式下, 若能保证上行链路的传输质量, 则可以获 得下行链路的传输质量情况,从而测量终端接收机的性能,在这种情况下, 下行链路的误包率 DownLinkPER ( % )可通过以下公式计算:
DownLinkPER{%) = (1 _ ^vPakNui ^ 1 QQ
uSentPakNum ,
其中 ulRevPakNum为终端接收到的从基站环回的正确的环回测试数据包 数目, uSentPakNum为终端向基站发送的环回测试数据包数目。
采用本发明给出的方法可以方便准确的测量出空中接口的无线传输质 量, 可以很快的获得吞吐量、 PER等指标, 并且尤其在野外开局和无线覆 盖测试中, 采用本方法可以快速的获得测试数据, 节约时间和成本。
当然, 本发明还可有其他多种实施例, 在不背离本发明精神及其实质 的情况下, 熟悉本领域的技术人员当可根据本发明作出各种相应的改变和 变形, 但这些相应的改变和变形都应属于本发明所附的权利要求的保护范 围。

Claims

权利要求书
1. 一种用于在采用正交频分复用多址接入技术的无线通信系统中测 量基站与终端间的下行链路传输质量的方法, 该方法包括以下步骤:
在所述基站与终端之间协商测试参数;
从所述基站向所述终端发送测试数据包;
从所述终端向所述基站返回所述测试数据包的接收结果; 以及 通过计算获得所述下行链路的传输质量信息。
2. 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中所述协商步骤包括: 从基站向终端 发送下行信道测试请求消息; 从终端向基站返回下行信道测试响应消息。
3. 如权利要求 2所述的方法, 其中所述协商步骤还包括基站在接收到 终端所返回的下行信道测试响应消息之后, 向终端发送下行信道测试确认 消息的步骤。
4. 如权利要求 2所述的方法, 其中从基站向终端发送的所述下行信道 测试请求消息包括以下参数: (1 ) 消息类型; (2 ) 消息的序列号; (3 ) 用来指示该测试连接的标识符或终端的标识符; ( 4 )测试数据源产生模式, 包括随机模式和固定模式; ( 5 )与测试数据包速率有关的参数; ( 6 )数 据环回模式, 表示是否采用环回。
5. 如权利要求 4所述的方法, 其中当测试数据源产生模式为随 莫式 时, 测试数据以伪随机方式产生; 当测试数据源产生模式为固定模式时, 测试数据以预定义方式产生。
6. 如权利要求 4所述的方法, 其中所述与测试数据包速率有关的参数 包括:
( 1 )数据速率模式, 其表示选择变速率模式还是固定速率模式;
( 2 )测试数据包速率, 表示在选择固定速率模式测试条件下, 所选择 的测试数据包的速率; 其中, 当该参数为 "0" 时, 为 Blank模式; 当该参 数为 "1111" 时, 为最大速率模式; 当该参数为其他值时, 代表其他固定 测试速率。
7. 如权利要求 6所述的方法, 其中在选择最大速率模式进行测试的情 况下, 从所述基站向所述终端发送测试数据包步骤包括:
基站首先随机选择一个数据速率向终端进行发送;
在发送过程中, 基站向系统的带宽调度模块申请足够宽的下行链路带 宽, 直到系统不能满足为止;
当达到系统所能支持的最大带宽时, 维持该最大的数据速率模式进行 测试。
8. 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中, 从所述终端向所述基站返回所述 测试数据包的接收结果的步骤包括:
由终端接收来自基站的测试数据包, 并判断其是否正确;
由终端维护经判断为正确的测试数据包数目的信息; 以及
从所述终端向所述基站返回所述终端维护的正确的测试数据包数目的 信息;
其中, 通过计算获得所述下行链路的传输质量信息的步驟包括: 根据由所述基站维护的与向终端发送的测试数据包有关的信息和从所 述终端向所述基站返回的所述正确的测试数据包数目的信息, 来计算所述 下行链路的传输质量。
9. 如权利要求 8所述的方法, 其中所述判断终端接收的来自基站的测 试数据包是否正确的步驟是通过数据源对比的方式完成的, 其中在终端侧 配备有相应数据源再生装置, 其根据发送端的数据源产生方式产生与发送 端的数据源产生的数据包内容一样的数据包内容。
10.如权利要求 8所述的方法, 其中, 由基站维护的与向终端发送的 测试数据包有关的信息包括向终端发送的测试数据包数目的统计信息, 以 及测试时间长度的信息;
所述计算所述下行链路的传输质量包括计算所述下行链路的误包率 和下行链路的吞吐量。
11.如权利要求 8所述的方法, 还包括在开始测量前清除统计信息的 步驟。
12.如权利要求 11所述的方法, 其中所述清除步骤包括: 从基站向终端发送下行信道测试清除请求消息;
终端收到该请求消息后清除自己维护的信息; 以及
终端在清除完自己维护的信息后, 向基站发送下行信道测试清除响应 消息。
13.如权利要求 8所述的方法, 其中从所述终端向所述基站返回所述 正确的测试数据包数目的信息的所述步骤还包括:
从基站向终端发送下行信道测试统计请求消息; 以及
终端接收到来自基站的下行信道测试统计请求消息后, 向基站发送下 行信道测试统计响应消息来通知其维护的正确的测试数据包数目的信息。
14. 如权利要求 13所述的方法, 其中从基站向终端发送的所述下行信 道统计请求消息至少包括以下参数: ( 1 ) 消息的类型; ( 2 )该下行信道 测试统计请求消息的序列号; ( 3 )用来指示该测试连接的标识符或接受该 消息的终端的标识符; (4 )用来通知终端测试过程结束的标志。
15, 如权利要求 13所述的方法, 其中从终端向基站发送的下行信道测 试统计响应消息至少包括以下参数: ( 1 ) 消息的类型; (2 ) 消息的序列 号; ( 3 )用来指示该测试连接的标识符或终端的标识符; ( 4 )证实码, 代表接收到下行信道测试统计请求消息后的回复信息; ( 5 )终端在下行链 路测试呼叫过程中接收到的正确的测试数据包数目。
16. 如权利要求 1 所述的方法, 其中, 在所述基站与终端之间协商的 测试参数表明为环回测试; 从所述终端向所述基站返回的所述测试数据包 的接收结果包括终端所接收并返回的测试数据包。
17.如权利要求 16所述的方法, 其中, 从所述终端向所述基站返回所 述测试数据包的接收结果的步骤包括:
由基站接收从终端返回的测试数据包, 并判断其是否正确; 以及 由基站维护经判断为正确的测试数据包数目的信息;
其中, 通过计算获得所述下行链路的传输质量信息的步骤包括: 根据由所述基站维护的与向终端发送的测试数据包有关的信息和由基 述下行链路的传输质量。
18.如权利要求 17所述的方法, 其中, 由基站维护的与向终端发送的 测试数据包有关的所述信息包括向终端发送的测试数据包数目的统计信 息, 以及测试时间长度的信息的步骤;
所述计算所述下行链路的传输质量包括计算所述下行链路的误包率和 下行链路的吞吐量。
19. 如权利要求 16所述的方法, 其中在基站与终端之间协商的测试参 数包括: 测试呼叫的速率, 测试数据的模式, 测试时间的时长, 测试数据 所采用的调制方式, 测试数据所采用的编码方式。
20. 如权利要求 16所述的方法, 其中所述通过计算获得所述下行链路 的传输质量信息的步骤包括: 基站根据自己维护的统计信息, 在假设下行 链路没有错误发生的前提下,来计算出终端向基站的上行链路的传输质量, 包括计算出吞吐量、 误包率指标。
21. 一种用于在采用正交频分复用多址接入技术的无线通信系统中测 量终端与基站间的上行链路传输质量的方法, 该方法包括以下步骤:
在所述终端与所述基站之间协商测试参数;
从所述终端向所述基站发送测试数据包;
从所述基站向所述终端返回所述测试数据包的接收结果; 以及 通过计算获得所述上行链路的传输质量信息。
22. 如权利要求 21所述的方法, 其中所述协商步骤包括:
从终端向基站发送上行信道测试请求消息; 以及
从基站向终端返回上行信道测试响应消息。
23.如权利要求 22所述的方法, 其中, 所述协商步骤还包括终端在接 收到基站所返回的上行信道测试请求响应消息之后, 向基站发送上行信道 测试确认消息的步骤。
24. 如权利要求 22所述的方法, 其中, 从终端向基站发送的所述上行 信道测试请求消息包括以下参数: ( 1 ) 消息类型; (2 ) 消息的序列号;
( 3 )用来指示该测试连接的标识符或终端的标识符; ( 4 )测试数据源产 生模式, 包括随机模式和固定模式: 当为随机模式时, 测试数据以伪随机 方式产生; 当为固定模式时, 测试数据以预定义方式产生; (5 )与测试数 据包速率有关的参数; (6 )数据环回模式标志, 表示是否采用环回。
25. 如权利要求 24所述的方法, 其中当测试数据源产生模式为随机模 式时, 测试数据以伪随机方式产生; 当测试数据源产生模式为固定模式时, 测试数据以预定义方式产生。
26. 如权利要求 24所述的方法, 其中所述与测试数据包速率有关的参 数包括:
( 1 )数据速率模式, 其表示选择变速率模式还是固定速率模式;
( 2 )测试数据包速率, 表示在选择固定速率模式测试条件下, 所选择 的测试数据包的速率; 其中, 当该参数为 "0" 时, 为 Blank模式; 当该参 数为 "1111" 时, 为最大速率模式; 当该参数为其他值时, 代表其他固定 测试速率。
27. 如权利要求 26所述的方法, 其中在选择最大速率模式进行测试的 情况下, 从所述终端向所述基站发送测试数据包的步骤包括:
终端首先随机选择一个数据速率向基站进行发送;
在发送过程中, 终端向系统的带宽调度模块申请足够宽的上行链路带 宽, 直到系统不能满足为止;
当达到系统所能支持的最大带宽时, 维持该最大的数据速率模式进行 测试。
28. 如权利要求 21所述的方法, 其中, 从所述基站向所述终端返回所 述测试数据包的接收结果的步骤包括:
由基站接收来自终端的测试数据包, 并判断其是否正确;
由基站维护经判断为正确的测试数据包数目的信息; 以及
从所述基站向所述终端返回所述基站维护的正确的测试数据包数目的 信息; 以及
其中, 通过计算获得所述上行链路的传输质量信息的步骤包括: 根据由所述终端维护的与向基站发送的测试数据包有关的信息和从所 述基站向所述终端返回的所述正确的测试数据包数目的信息, 来计算所述 上行链路的传输质量。
29. 如权利要求 28所述的方法, 其中所述判断基站接收的来自终端的 测试数据包是否正确的步骤是通过数据源对比的方式完成的, 其中在基站 侧配备有相应数据源再生装置, 其根据发送端的数据源产生方式产生与发 送端的数据源产生的数据包内容一样的数据包内容。
30. 如权利要求 28所述的方法,其中, 由终端维护的与向基站发送的 测试数据包有关的信息包括向基站发送的测试数据包数目的统计信息, 以 及测试时间长度的信息;
所述计算所述上行链路的传输质量包括计算所述上行链路的误包率 和上行链路的吞吐量。
31. 如权利要求 28所述的方法,还包括在开始测量前清除统计信息的 步骤。
32. 如权利要求 31所述的方法, 其中所述清除步骤包括:
从终端向基站发送上行信道测试清除清求消息;
基站收到该请求消息后清除自己维护的信息; 以及
基站在清除完自己维护的信息后, 向终端发送上行信道测试清除回复 消息。
33. 如权利要求 28所述的方法, 其中从所述基站向所述终端返回所述 正确的测试数据包数目的信息的所述步骤还包括:
从终端向基站发送上行信道测试统计请求消息; 以及
基站接收到来自终端的上行信道测试统计请求消息后, 向终端发送上 行信道测试统计响应消息来通知其维护的正确的测试数据包数目的信息。
34. 如权利要求 33所述的方法, 其中从终端向基站发送的所述上行信 道统计请求消息至少包括以下参数: ( 1 ) 消息的类型; ( 2 )该上行信道 测试统计请求消息的序列号; ( 3 )用来指示该测试连接的标识符或接受该 消息的终端的标识符; ( 4 )用来通知终端测试过程结束的标志。
35. 如权利要求 33所述的方法, 其中从基站向终端发送的上行信道测 试统计响应消息至少包括以下参数: ( 1 ) 消息的类型; (2 ) 消息的序列 号; ( 3 )用来指示该测试连接的标识符或终端的标识符; ( 4 )证实码, 代表接收到上行信道测试统计倩求消息后的回复信息; ( 5 )基站在上行链 路测试呼叫过程中接收到的正确的测试数据包数目。
36. 如权利要求 21所述的方法, 其中, 在所述终端与基站之间协商的 测试参数表明为环回测试;
从所述基站向所述终端返回的所述测试数据包的接收结果包括终端所 接收并返回的测试数据包。
37. 如权利要求 36所述的方法, 其中, 从所述基站向所述终端返回所 述测试数据包的接收结果的步驟包括:
由终端接收从基站返回的测试数据包, 并判断其是否正确; 以及 由终端维护经判断为正确的测试数据包数目的信息;
其中, 通过计算获得所述上行链路的传输质量信息的步驟包括: 根据由所述终端维护的与向基站发送的测试数据包有关的信息和由终 端维护的从所述基站返回的所述正确的测试数据包数目的信息, 来计算所 述上行链路的传输质量。
38. 如权利要求 37所述的方法, 其中, 由终端维护的与向基站发送的 测试数据包有关的所述信息包括向基站发送的测试数据包数目的统计信 息, 以及测试时间长度的信息的步骤;
所述计算所述上行链路的传输质量包括计算所述上行链路的误包率 和上行链路的吞吐量。
39. 如权利要求 36所述的方法,其中在终端与基站之间协商的测试参 数包括: 测试呼叫的速率, 测试数据的模式, 测试时间的时长, 测试数据 所采用的调制方式, 测试数据所采用的编码方式。
40. 如权利要求 36所述的方法,其中所述通过计算获得所述上行链路 的传输质量信息的步骤包括: 终端根据自己维护的统计信息, 在假设上行 链路没有 ^发生的前提下,来计算出基站向终端的下行链路的传输质量, 包括计算出吞吐量、 误包率指标。
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