WO2006049251A1 - 通信端末及び通信方法 - Google Patents
通信端末及び通信方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006049251A1 WO2006049251A1 PCT/JP2005/020304 JP2005020304W WO2006049251A1 WO 2006049251 A1 WO2006049251 A1 WO 2006049251A1 JP 2005020304 W JP2005020304 W JP 2005020304W WO 2006049251 A1 WO2006049251 A1 WO 2006049251A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- router
- port number
- communication terminal
- address information
- communication
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
- H04L61/09—Mapping addresses
- H04L61/25—Mapping addresses of the same type
- H04L61/2503—Translation of Internet protocol [IP] addresses
- H04L61/256—NAT traversal
- H04L61/2567—NAT traversal for reachability, e.g. inquiring the address of a correspondent behind a NAT server
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
- H04L61/09—Mapping addresses
- H04L61/25—Mapping addresses of the same type
- H04L61/2503—Translation of Internet protocol [IP] addresses
- H04L61/256—NAT traversal
- H04L61/2575—NAT traversal using address mapping retrieval, e.g. simple traversal of user datagram protocol through session traversal utilities for NAT [STUN]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a communication terminal and a communication method, and more particularly, to a communication terminal and a communication method for performing one-to-one interconnection with a communication terminal on another network via a router.
- IP address that is uniquely determined in the entire network and enables one-to-one (peer 'two' peer; hereinafter referred to as P2P) interconnection is called a global IP address.
- a global IP address is uniquely determined only within a specific part of the network and cannot be used for P2P communication with other networks! /, And the IP address is a private IP address! /.
- a network composed of such private IP addresses is called a private network.
- NAT network address translation
- NAPT network address port translation
- FIG. 8 (a) shows a type of NAT called Full Cone NAT.
- a router equipped with Full Cone NAT is always a router for packets sent to the same home terminal A address information [IPa, Pa]. Assign the same port number [Pb] to send to the external network. The router also forwards all packets sent from the unspecified remote terminals C and D connected to the external network to the address information [IPb, Pb] to the home terminal A [IPa, Pa].
- FIG. 8 (b) shows a type of NAT called Restricted Cone NAT. Referring to Fig.
- a router equipped with Restricted Cone NAT always handles the router for packets sent from the same in-home terminal A address information [IPa, Pa] to the outside of the home. Assign the same port number [Pb] and send to the external network. However, unlike Full Cone NAT, the router does not send packets sent from the IP address [IPc] of the remote terminal C to which the home terminal A has sent packets toward the address information [IPb, Pb]. Do not transfer to home terminal A [IPa, Pa]. At this time, the port number of terminal C outside the house can be anything.
- FIG. 8 (c) shows a type of NAT called Port Restricted Cone NAT.
- a router equipped with Port Restricted Cone NAT is always the same router for packets sent from the same in-home terminal A address information [IPa, Pa] to the outside of the home. Assign port number [Pb] and send to external network.
- the router sends packets sent from the port number [Pel] of the remote terminal C to which the home terminal A has sent packets toward the address information [IPb, Pb]. Do not transfer to home terminal A [IPa, Pa]. At this time, the router discards all packets sent from port numbers other than [Pel] (eg, [Pc2]), even those sent from the same remote terminal C.
- FIG. 8 (d) shows a type of NAT called Symmetric NAT! /.
- a router equipped with Symmetric NAT also supports the address information [IPa, Pa] of the same in-home terminal A for packets sent to the port number of a specific out-of-home terminal. Assigns a specific port number of the router and sends it to the external network. For example, the router assigns the router port number [Pbl] to a packet sent from the home terminal A [IPa, Pa] to the external terminal C [IPc, Pc]. In addition, the router assigns the router port number [Pb2] to the packet sent to the home terminal A [IPa, Pa] and the remote terminal D [IPd, Pd]. Also, as with Port Restricted Cone NAT, the router sends the packet sent from the port number of the outside terminal to which in-home terminal A has sent the packet and forwarded to in-home terminal A [IPa, Pa]. Do not do.
- the home terminal can communicate with an external terminal on the global network using a private IP address.
- RFC3489 discloses a technique using STUN (Simple Traversal UDP through NAT) as a technique to realize P2P communication beyond the NAT of routers between terminals in different private networks.
- STUN Simple Traversal UDP through NAT
- Packet used in the description means “UDP packet”, and all messages are sent and received by UDP packet.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a sequence between terminals when P2P communication is realized by a technique using STUN.
- Router 1 and Router 2 shown in FIG. 9 are not Symmetric NAT.
- terminal 1 transmits an IPZ port registration request to the server (step S501).
- the server registers the source address information (that is, the source IP address and source port number) of the received packet (step S502).
- the address information [IPG1, GPI] after the address information [IPG1, GP1] of the terminal 1 is converted to the address information [IPG1, GP1] of the router 1 by the NAT of the router 1 is sent to the server.
- terminal 2 transmits an IPZ port registration request to the server (step S503).
- the server registers the source address information (that is, the source IP address and source port number) of the received packet (step S504).
- the address information [IPG2, GP2] converted from the address information [IPL2, LP2] of terminal 2 to the address information [IPG2, GP2] of router 2 is registered in the server by NAT of router 2 Is done.
- the terminal 2 transmits an IPZ port acquisition request to the server in order to acquire address information used when accessing the terminal 1 (step S505).
- the server returns an IPZ port acquisition response in which the address information [IPG1, GP1] registered in step S502 is set to the terminal 2 (step S506).
- Terminal 2 obtains address information [IPG1, GP1] used when accessing terminal 1 If so, a P2P start request is transmitted to the acquired address information [IPG 1, GP1] (step S507). Router 2 relays the P2P start request sent by terminal 2 to router 1. Here, if Router 1 is Full Cone NAT, the P2P start request transmitted from Terminal 2 is transferred to Terminal 1, and a P2P communication path is established between Terminal 1 and Terminal 2.
- router 1 is not Full Cone NAT, the P2P start request transmitted from terminal 2 is discarded by router 1 and is not forwarded to terminal 1 [IPL1, LP1].
- the NAT of router 2 is configured to forward a packet in the opposite direction to the relayed P2P start request to terminal 2 when relaying the P2P start request sent by terminal 2.
- Router 2's NAT sends packets that have arrived at Router 2 [IPG2, GP2] from Terminal 1 via Router 1 [IPG1, GP1]. Settings are made to transfer to [IPL2, LP2].
- Router 2 is Restricted Cone NAT, the packet that arrived at Router 2 [IPG2, GP2] from the source IP address [IPG1] is forwarded to Terminal 2 [IPL2, LP2]. Is done.
- Router 2 is Port Restricted Cone NAT
- the packet that arrived at Router 2 [IPG2, GP2] from Terminal 1 via Router 1 [IPG1, GP1] is sent to Terminal 2 [IPL2, LP2].
- Terminal 2 [IPL2, LP2] When transferred to, settings are made.
- terminal 1 transmits an IPZ port acquisition request to the server in order to acquire address information used when accessing terminal 2 (step S508).
- the server returns an IPZ port acquisition response in which the address information [IPG2, GP2] registered in step S504 is set to the terminal 1 (step S509).
- terminal 1 Upon acquiring the address information [IPG2, GP2] used when accessing terminal 2, terminal 1 sends a P2P start request to the acquired address information [IPG2, GP2] (step S510). Router 1 relays the P2P start request sent by terminal 1 to router 2. In the NAT of router 2, as described above, there is a setting for forwarding a packet received from router 1 to router 2 [IPG2, GP2] via router 1 to terminal 2 [IPL2, LP2]. Therefore, router 2 can forward the P2P start request transmitted by terminal 1 to terminal 2.
- the terminal 2 that has received the P2P start request transmits a P2P start response to the terminal 1 (step S511).
- NAT of router 1 has a setting for forwarding a packet received from router 2 via router 2 to router 1 [IPG1, GP1] to terminal 1 [IPL1, LP1]. Therefore, router 1 can forward the P2P start response sent from terminal 2 to terminal 1. This is how STUN establishes a P2P communication path when Router 1 and Router 2 are not Symmetric NAT.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a problem that occurs when the router 1 is a Symmetric NAT.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a problem that occurs when the router 2 is Symmetric NAT.
- steps S601 to S604 are the same as steps S501 to S504 in FIG.
- the terminal 2 transmits an IPZ port acquisition request to the server in order to acquire address information used when accessing the terminal 1 (step S605).
- the server returns an IPZ port acquisition response in which the address information [IPG 1, GPl] registered in step S602 is set to the terminal 2 (step S606).
- terminal 2 Upon acquiring the address information [IPG1, GPl] used when accessing terminal 1, terminal 2 sends a P2P start request to the acquired address information [IPG 1, GPl] Tape S607). Router 2 relays the P2P start request sent by terminal 2 to router 1. Since Router 1 is Symmetric NAT, the P2P start request packet sent from Terminal 2 is discarded by Router 1 and is not forwarded to Terminal 1 [IPL1, LP1]. [0023] However, the NAT of router 2 is configured to forward a packet in the opposite direction to the relayed P2P start request to terminal 2 when relaying the P2P start request sent by terminal 2.
- Router 2's NAT sends packets that have arrived at Router 2 [IPG2, GP2] from Terminal 1 via Router 1 [IPG1, GP1]. Settings are made to transfer to [IPL2, LP2]. Also, when Router 2 is Restricted Cone NAT, there is a setting that forwards packets that arrived at Router 2 [IPG2, GP 2] from the source IP address [IPG1] to Terminal 2 [IPL2, LP2]. Done.
- Router 2 is Port Restricted Cone NAT
- packets that have arrived at Router 2 [IPG2, GP2] from Terminal 1 via Router 1 [IP Gl, GP1] are sent to Terminal 2 [IPL2, LP 2] When transferred to, settings are made.
- terminal 1 transmits an IPZ port acquisition request to the server in order to acquire address information used when accessing terminal 2 (step S608).
- the server returns an IPZ port acquisition response in which the address information [IPG2, GP2] registered in step S604 is set to the terminal 1 (step S609).
- terminal 1 Upon acquiring the address information [IPG2, GP2] used when accessing terminal 2, terminal 1 sends a P2P start request to the acquired address information [IPG2, GP2] (step S610). At this time, since the router 1 is symmetric NAT, a port number other than [GP1] (for example, [GP3]) is assigned to the P2P start request transmitted from the terminal 1.
- GP1 for example, [GP3]
- Router 2 when Router 2 is Full Cone NAT or Restricted Cone NAT, the P2P start request sent by Terminal 1 is forwarded by Router 2 to Terminal 2 [IPL2, LP2] and A P2P communication channel with terminal 2 is established.
- Router 2 is Port Restricted Cone NAT or Symmetric NAT, the P2P start request sent by Terminal 1 is discarded by Router 2 and not forwarded to Terminal 2. For this reason, establishment of the P2P communication path between terminal 1 and terminal 2 fails.
- FIG. 12 is a sequence diagram showing a procedure for establishing a P2P communication path according to a conventional method.
- steps S801 to S804 are the same as steps S501 to S504 in FIG.
- Terminal 2 transmits a P2P communication request to the server to request P2P communication from terminal 1 (step S805).
- terminal 2 changes the source port number used in the P2P communication request from the source port number [LP2] used in the IPZ port acquisition request to [LP2 + a].
- a is an arbitrary integer.
- the reason that terminal 2 uses the new port number [LP2 + a] is to cause router 2 to use the new source port number [GP2 + b] as the source port number of the P2P communication request.
- b is an uncertain increment of NAT at Router 2.
- the server that has received the P2P communication request transmits an IP Z port notification in which the address information [IPG2, GP2 + b] is set to the terminal 1 (step S806).
- the terminal 1 that has received the IPZ port notification transmits a P2P start permission to the server when permitting P2P communication (step S807).
- terminal 1 changes the transmission source port number used in the P2P start permission from the transmission source port number [LP 1] used in the IPZ port acquisition request and transmits it.
- the reason that terminal 1 uses the new port number [LPl + d] is to make router 1 use the new source port number [GPl + d] as the source port number for P2P communication permission.
- d is an arbitrary integer and is an uncertain increment value of NAT in Router 1.
- the terminal 1 that acquired the address information [I PG2, GP2 + b] used when accessing the terminal 2 by the IPZ port notification is directed to the acquired address information [IPG2, GP2 + b + n]. Then, a P2P start request is transmitted (step S808).
- the P2P communication permission transmitted in step S807 and the P2P start request transmitted in step S808 are continuously transmitted within an extremely short time. Therefore, if the source port number for P2P communication permission is converted from [LPl + c] to [GPl + d] by Router 1, The source port number of the P2P start request is converted from [LPl + c + 1] to [GPl + d + 1].
- n is an arbitrary integer value.
- the server Upon receiving the P2P communication permission transmitted from terminal 1 in step S807, the server transmits to the terminal 2 a P2P communication permission in which the address information [IPG 1, GPl + d] of router 1 is set ( Step S809).
- terminal 2 receives address information (that is, address information of router 1) [IPG1, GPl + d] used when accessing terminal 1 with P2P communication permission, and immediately goes to terminal 1.
- a P2P start request is transmitted (step S810).
- terminal 2 sends n P2P start requests while increasing the source port number by one from [LP2 + a + l] toward the port number [GPl + d + 1] of router 1. .
- the source port number of this P2P start request is converted by router 2 into a port number from [GP2 + b + m] to [GP2 + b + m + n ⁇ 1].
- One of the P2P start requests transmitted from terminal 2 is forwarded to terminal 1 because it matches the setting of router 1 that forwards the packet in the reverse direction to terminal 1.
- the terminal 1 that has received the P2P start request transmits a P2P start response as a response (step S811). This establishes a P2P communication path between terminal 1 and terminal 2.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-180003
- terminal 2 makes a plurality of P2P start requests in step S810 in order to predict the port number to which terminal 1 transmitted the P2P start request in step S808. Sending.
- This caused problems such as a delay in the connection time until the establishment of the P2P communication path and an increase in traffic.
- the port number assigned to multiple P2P start requests sent from terminal 2 may change randomly. In such a case, the P2P start request sent from the terminal 2 is not assigned a port number in order, which may cause a problem that the connectivity of the P2P communication path deteriorates.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a communication terminal and a communication method that achieve high connectivity with a short time and with a small amount of traffic when establishing a P2P communication path with another communication terminal. That is.
- the present invention is directed to a communication terminal that exists on a private network connected to a global network by a router and performs one-to-one interconnection with a communication terminal on another network via the router. Yes. And in order to achieve the said objective, the communication terminal of this invention is provided with an address information determination part, an address information exchange part, a communication control part, and a communication part.
- the address information determination unit investigates the relay characteristics of the router by transmitting and receiving a predetermined message to and from a server on the global network, and has a one-to-one relationship with a communication terminal on another network. Determine the address information of the router to be used for mutual connection.
- the address information exchange unit exchanges the router address information determined by the address information determination unit with other communication terminals on other networks.
- the communication control unit performs a one-to-one interconnection with a communication terminal on another network based on the address information of the router exchanged by the address information exchange unit.
- the communication unit performs all communication of the communication terminal.
- the address information determination unit includes address information including at least the port number of the communication terminal used for one-to-one interconnection with a communication terminal on another network. Determined as router address information.
- the address information determining unit includes an address information requesting unit, an address information receiving unit, a relay characteristic determining unit, and a port number determining unit.
- the address information request unit requests the server for address information of the router by sending a predetermined message to the server via the router.
- the address information receiving unit receives the router address information from the server as a response to the request.
- the relay characteristic judging unit receives the rule received by the address information receiving unit.
- the relay characteristics of the router are determined based on the address information of the data.
- the port number determination unit determines the port number of the communication terminal itself used for one-to-one interconnection with the communication terminal on another network based on the relay characteristic of the router determined by the relay characteristic determination unit.
- the address information investigation request unit sends a first port number investigation request message from the predetermined port number of the communication terminal toward the first port number of the server and the second port number of the server.
- a second port number investigation request message is continuously transmitted toward
- the address information receiving unit receives a first port number investigation response message that is a response to the first port number investigation request message and a second port number that is a response to the second port number investigation request message from the server.
- a survey response message is received.
- the relay characteristic determination unit determines the relay characteristics of the router based on the first port number investigation response message and the second port number investigation response message received by the address information reception unit.
- the first port number investigation response message includes the IP address of the router and the source port number of the router when the first port number investigation request message is relayed to the server.
- the second port number investigation response message includes the IP address of the router and the source port number of the router when the second port number investigation request message is relayed to the server.
- the relay characteristic judging unit determines that the predetermined port number of the communication terminal that has transmitted the first port number investigation request message matches the source port number of the router included in the first port number investigation response message. Therefore, it is determined that the relay characteristics of the router have the property of Port Reuse.
- the relay characteristic determining unit determines the router source port number included in the first port number investigation response message and the router source port number included in the second port number investigation response message. If it matches, it is judged that the router has relay capability SCone type NAT function. In addition, the relay characteristic judging unit matches the router source port number included in the first port number investigation response message with the router source port number contained in the second port number investigation response message. If not, it is determined that the relay characteristics of the router have Symmetric NAT function.
- the communication port determination unit determines that the relay characteristic of the router is Port Reus by the relay characteristic determination unit. If it is determined that it has a NAT function of Cone and connected with e, the source port number of the router included in the first port number investigation response message is set to one-to-one with the communication terminal on the other network. Used as a port number for mutual connection.
- the communication port determining unit performs the second port number investigation response.
- the difference between the source port number of the router included in the message and the source port number of the router included in the first port number investigation response message is the difference between the transmission of the router included in the second port number investigation response message.
- the port number added to the original port number is used as the port number used for one-to-one interconnection with communication terminals on other networks.
- the address information exchanging unit includes a relay information transmitting unit and a relay information transmitting unit.
- the relay information transmission unit transmits a message in which the address information of the router used for one-to-one interconnection with the communication terminal on the other network is set to the communication terminal on the other network via the server.
- the relay information transmission unit receives a message in which address information used for one-to-one interconnection with the own communication terminal is set from a communication terminal on another network via the server.
- the communication control unit transmits a message requesting the start of the one-to-one interconnection to the address information exchanged by the address information exchanging unit via the communication unit, and on another network.
- a message requesting the start of a one-to-one interconnection is received from a communication terminal, a one-to-one interconnection is established with a communication terminal on another network.
- the present invention is executed by a communication terminal that exists on a private network connected to a global network by a router and performs one-to-one interconnection with a communication terminal on another network via the router. It is also aimed at communication methods.
- the communication method of the present invention investigates the relay characteristics of a router by allowing a communication terminal to send and receive a predetermined message to and from a server on the global network, and thereby determines the relay characteristics of the router.
- address information including at least a port number used for one-to-one interconnection with communication terminals on other networks is determined as router address information, and the determined router address information is Communication end on other network It exchanges with each other, and based on the exchanged address information, a one-to-one interconnection is performed with communication terminals on other networks.
- a predetermined message is transmitted / received to / from the server, and the relay characteristics of the router are investigated based on the transmitted / received message.
- the relay characteristic is Port Reuse
- address information including at least the port number of the communication terminal used for P2P communication with other communication terminals is determined as the address information of the router.
- the procedure for predicting the port number used by the router is omitted. Can do. Therefore, according to the communication terminal and the communication method of the present invention, when establishing a P2P communication path with another communication terminal, high connectivity can be realized in a shorter time and with less traffic.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a network configuration of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a router 11 having a Port Reuse property.
- FIG. 3A is a block diagram showing an exemplary configuration of communication terminal 10.
- FIG. 3B is a block diagram showing an exemplary configuration of communication terminal 20.
- FIG. 3C is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the server 30.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining an operation when a P2P communication path is established in a communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5A is a flowchart showing a detailed operation of the NAT investigation phase (step S 100) in communication terminal 10.
- FIG. 5B is a flowchart showing a detailed operation of the NAT investigation phase (step S200) in communication terminal 20.
- FIG. 5C is a flowchart showing a detailed operation of the P2P communication port determination process (step S109).
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the detailed operation of the P2P communication port exchange phase (step S300).
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a detailed operation of the P2P communication path establishment phase (step S400).
- FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the types of NAT.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a sequence between terminals when P2P communication is realized by a technique using STUN.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a problem that occurs when router 1 is Symmetric NAT.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining a problem that occurs when Router 2 is Symmetric NAT.
- FIG. 12 is a sequence diagram showing a procedure for establishing a P2P communication path by a conventional method disclosed in Patent Document 1.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a network configuration of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a global network 300 is connected to a private network 100 via a router 11 having a global IP address [IPG1]. Further, the global network 300 and the private network 200 are connected via a router 21 having a global IP address [IPG2].
- a server 30 is connected to the global network 300.
- the private network 100 is connected to a communication terminal (home terminal) 10 having a private IP address [IPL1].
- the private network 200 is connected to a communication terminal (home terminal) 20 having a private IP address [IPL2].
- the router 11 is a symmetric NAT and has a Port Reuse property.
- the router 11 having the Port Reuse property will be described with reference to FIG. In Fig. 2, when the router 11 having the Port Reuse property relays the packet transmitted by the communication terminal 10, the same port number as the source port number of the packet to be relayed is used as the source port number of the router 11. It is characterized by assigning.
- the router 11 uses the port number [Pa] of the router 11 as the transmission source port number of the packet to be relayed. assign. Further, when relaying a packet in which the port number [Pb] of the communication terminal 10 is also transmitted, the router 11 assigns the port number [Pb] of the router 11 as the transmission source port number of the packet to be relayed. Further, when relaying a packet transmitted from the port number [Pc] of the communication terminal 10, the router 11 assigns the port number [Pc] of the router 11 as the transmission source port number of the packet to be relayed.
- the router 21 is a Full Cone NAT and has the property of Port Reuse! /, N! /, A router.
- FIG. 3A is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the communication terminal 10.
- the communication terminal 10 includes an address information investigation request unit 101, an address information reception unit 102, a communication port determination unit 103, a relay characteristic determination unit 104, a relay information transmission unit 105, a relay information reception unit 106, a communication control unit 107, and A communication unit 108 is provided.
- the address information investigation request unit 101 transmits a message (port number investigation request message) for examining the port number assigned to the router 11 to which the address information investigation request unit 101 is connected to the server 30.
- the address information receiving unit 102 receives from the server 30 a message including a port number assigned to the router 11 (port number investigation response message) as a response to the port number investigation request message.
- the relay characteristic determining unit 104 determines the relay characteristic of the router 11 based on the received port number investigation response message.
- the communication port determining unit 103 determines a port number used by the communication terminal 10 in P2P communication based on the relay characteristics of the router 11.
- the relay information transmission unit 105 transmits a message (IPZ port notification message) including the IP address of the router 11 and the port number used by the communication terminal 10 for P2P communication, to the server 30.
- the relay information receiving unit 106 receives the IPZ port notification message transmitted from the communication terminal 20 from the server 30.
- the communication control unit 107 controls the communication unit 108 to perform P2P communication with the communication terminal 20.
- the communication unit 108 performs all communication related to the communication terminal 10.
- the address information investigation requesting unit 101, the address information receiving unit 102, the communication port determining unit 103, and the relay characteristic determining unit 104 are address information (IP address and IP address) used for P2P communication with the communication terminal 20. (Port number) is determined, so let's write it as the address information determination part. Further, since the relay information transmitting unit 105 and the relay information receiving unit 106 exchange the determined address information with the communication terminal 20, they may be described as address information exchanging units!
- FIG. 3B is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the communication terminal 20.
- the communication terminal 20 includes an address information investigation request unit 201, an address information reception unit 202, a communication port determination unit 203, a relay characteristic determination unit 204, a relay information transmission unit 205, a relay information reception unit 206, and a communication control unit 207. , And a communication unit 208.
- each configuration of the communication terminal 20 is the same as that of the communication terminal 10 described above, and thus description thereof is omitted.
- FIG. 3C is a block diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the server 30.
- the server 30 includes an address information investigation unit 301, an address information transmission unit 302, a relay information transfer unit 303, and And a communication unit 304.
- the address information investigation unit 301 extracts the transmission source IP address and the transmission source port number from the reception message (the header of the reception packet).
- the address information transmitting unit 302 returns a message (port number check response message) including the IP address and the source port number extracted by the address information checking unit 301 to the communication terminal 10 or 20.
- the relay information transfer unit 303 relays the received IPZ port notification message to the other communication terminal.
- the communication unit 304 performs all communication related to the server 30.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining an operation performed by the communication system according to the embodiment of the present invention when a P2P communication path is established.
- the communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention when establishing a P2P communication path, establishes a NAT investigation phase (steps S100, S200), a P2P communication port exchange phase (step S300), and a P2P communication path Run the phase (step S400).
- the communication terminal 10 and the communication terminal 20 communicate with the server 30 and are connected to investigate the relay characteristics of the router 11 or the router 21, and P2P Communication ports that can access each other in communication are determined.
- the communication terminal 10 and the communication terminal 20 have the NAT type (for example, Full Cone NAT, Symmetric NAT, etc.) and the property of Port Reuse as the relay characteristics of the router 11 or the router 21. Investigate whether or not.
- step S300 the communication terminal 10 and the communication terminal 20 exchange the communication ports determined in the NAT investigation phase with each other via the server 30.
- step S400 the communication terminal 10 and the communication terminal 20 transmit packets to each other's communication ports exchanged in the P2P communication port exchange phase to establish the P2 P communication path. .
- FIG. 5A is a flowchart showing detailed operations of the NAT investigation phase (step S100) in communication terminal 10.
- the NAT investigation phase (step S100) in the communication terminal 10 will be described with reference to FIG. 5A.
- the descriptions such as (IPG1, GP11) under each message indicate the source address information included in each message. Show the information (source IP address and source port number).
- address information investigation request unit 101 sends a port number investigation request 1 message from port number [LP 1] of communication terminal 10 to port number [SPO] of server 30. Send (step S 101).
- the address information investigation unit 301 when the address information investigation unit 301 receives the port number investigation request 1 message via the communication unit 304, the address information investigation unit 301 obtains the transmission source IP address and the transmission source from the received message (received packet header). Extract the port number (ie IP address [IPG1] of router 11 and source port number [GP11]). The address information transmitting unit 302 includes the extracted IP address [IPG 1] of the router 11 and the source port number [GP 11] in the port number investigation response 1 message, and sends it back to the communication terminal 10 (step S102). .
- the address information investigation request unit 101 sends a port number investigation request 2 message from the port number [LP1] of the communication terminal 10 toward the port number [SP1] of the server 30. Is transmitted (step S103).
- the address information investigation unit 301 when the address information investigation unit 301 receives the port number investigation request 2 message via the communication unit 304, the source IP address and the transmission source are received from the received message (received packet header). Extract the port number (ie IP address [IPG1] of router 11 and source port number [GP12]).
- the address information transmission unit 302 includes the IP address [IPG 1] of the router 11 extracted by the address information investigation unit 301 and the source port number [GP12] in the port number investigation response 2 message and returns it to the communication terminal 10. Yes (Step S104).
- steps S101 and S102 the reason why the port number investigation request message is transmitted to the two port numbers [SP0, SP1] of the server 30 at the same port number [LP1] at the communication terminal 10 Will be explained.
- the communication terminal 10 is connected to the Cone system. (Full Cone, Restricted Cone, or Port Restricted Cone) It can be determined that it is NAT.
- the communication terminal 10 determines that the router 11 It can be determined that it is metric NAT. That is, the communication terminal 10 investigates the NAT type of the router 11 by sending a port number investigation request message to two port numbers [SPO, SP1] of the same port number [LP1] force server 30. can do.
- the communication terminal 10 may investigate the NAT type of the router 11 using a method other than that described above. For example, the communication terminal 10 transmits a packet to two servers having different IP addresses via a router, and the router's NAT type is determined depending on whether the assigned router port numbers are the same or different. You may investigate.
- address information reception unit 102 receives the received message to relay characteristic determination unit 104.
- relay characteristic determining unit 104 matches the port numbers of router 11 included in port number investigation response 1 message received by address information receiving unit 102 and port number investigation response 2 message. It is checked whether or not to perform (step S107). When the port number of router 11 matches, the relay characteristics determination unit 104 determines that the router 11 has a SCone NAT, and the port number of router 11 matches! /, NA! /, In step S108, it is determined that the router 11 is symmetric NAT.
- communication port determining section 103 determines the port number used by communication terminal 10 for P2P communication (step S109). Details of the P2P communication port determination process (step S109) will be described later.
- FIG. 5B is a flowchart showing detailed operations of the NAT investigation phase (step S200) in communication terminal 20.
- the NAT investigation phase (step S200) processing in the communication terminal 20 will be described with reference to FIG. 5B.
- the address information investigation request unit 201 sends a port number investigation 1 message from the port number [LP2] of the communication terminal 20 toward the port number [SPO] of the server 30. Send (step S201).
- the address information examining unit 301 when receiving the port number investigation request 1 message via the communication unit 304, receives the source IP address and the source from the received message (received packet header). Extract the port number (that is, the IP address [IPG2] of the router 21 and the source port number [GP21]).
- the address information transmission unit 302 includes the IP address [IPG2] of the router 21 extracted by the address information investigation unit 301 and the source port number [GP21] in the port number investigation response 1 message, and sends it back to the communication terminal 20. (Step S202).
- the address information investigation request unit 201 displays the port number of the communication terminal 20.
- [LP2] sends a port number investigation request 2 message to the port number [SP1] of the server 30 (step S203).
- the address information investigation unit 301 when the address information investigation unit 301 receives the port number investigation request 2 message via the communication unit 304, the address information investigation unit 301 obtains the transmission source IP address and the transmission source from the received message (the header of the received packet).
- the port number that is, the IP address [IPG2] of the router 21 and the source port number [GP22]
- the address information transmission unit 302 includes the IP address [IPG2] of the router 21 extracted by the address information investigation unit 301 and the source port number [GP22] in the port number investigation response 2 message, and sends it back to the communication terminal 20. (Step S 204).
- steps S201 and S202 the reason why the port number investigation request message is transmitted to the two port numbers [SPO, SP1] of the server 30 at the same port number [LP2] at the communication terminal 20 power This is the same as the description given to communication terminal 10 using FIG. 5A.
- the relay characteristic determination unit 202 Pass the received message to.
- the relay characteristic determination unit 204 checks the port number [GP21] of the router 21 included in the port number check response 1 message and the port number check. It is checked whether or not the port number [LP2] of the communication terminal 20 when the request 1 message is transmitted matches (step S205).
- the relay characteristic determination unit 204 determines the NAT power of the router 21. Judged to have Port Reuse properties (step S206).
- relay characteristic determining unit 204 matches the port numbers of router 21 included in port number investigation response 1 message received by address information receiving unit 202 and port number investigation response 2 message. It is checked whether or not to perform (step S207). When the port number of router 21 matches, the relay characteristic determination unit 204 determines that the router 21 is a SCone NAT, and when the port number of router 21 does not match, the router 21 It is determined that it is Symmetric NAT (step S208).
- Communication port determination unit 203 determines the port number used by communication terminal 20 for P2P communication based on the relay characteristics of router 21 determined by relay characteristic determination unit 204 (step S209).
- FIG. 5C is a flowchart showing detailed operations of the P2P communication port determination process (step S 109) in FIG. 5A.
- step S 109 the details of the P2P communication port determination process (step S 109) in the communication terminal 10 will be described with reference to FIG. 5C.
- communication port determination unit 103 checks whether or not it has the NAT power Port Reuse property of router 11 (step S 1091). If the NAT of router 11 has the property of Port Reuse, communication port determination unit 103 freely selects a port number to be used for P2P communication (step S1092). It is assumed that communication port determination unit 103 selects port number [GP13] as the port number used in P2P communication.
- the reason why the communication port determination unit 103 may freely select the port number used in the P2P communication when the NAT of the router 11 is Port Reuse will be described.
- the router 11 has the property of Port Reuse, the same port number as the port number opened by the communication terminal 10 is assigned to the router 11. For this reason, the communication terminal 10 uses the port notified to the communication terminal 20 in the next P2P communication port exchange phase (step S300). As the number, the port number opened by itself may be notified. For this reason, the communication port determining unit 103 can freely select a port number to be used in P2P communication.
- the communication port determining unit 103 checks whether the router 11 is a Cone-based NAT (step S1093). If the NAT of router 11 is a Cone-type NAT, communication port decision unit 103 uses the port number of router 11 acquired in the port number investigation response 1 message (step S102) as the port number used for P2P communication. A number is selected (step S1094). The reason is that when the router 11 is a Cone-type NAT, if the source port number of the message relayed by the router 11 is the same, the router 11 is always assigned the same port number.
- router 11 is not a Cone-based NAT (ie, router 11 is Symmetric NAT)
- communication port determination unit 103 predicts a port number assigned to router 11 during P2P communication. There is a need. Therefore, the communication port determining unit 103 calculates the difference between the port number [GP12] of the router 11 acquired in the port number investigation response 2 message and the port number [GP 11] of the router 11 acquired in the port number investigation response 1 as ⁇ Then, select [GP12 + a ] as the port number to be used for ⁇ 2 ⁇ communication (step S1095).
- step S209 in FIG. 5B is also the same as in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a detailed operation of the P2P communication port exchange phase (step S300) in FIG.
- step S300 the details of the P2P communication port exchange phase (step S300) will be described with reference to FIG.
- relay information transmitting unit 105 includes the IP address of router 11 and the communication port.
- the IPZ port notification message including the port number determined by the port determination unit 103 is transmitted to the server 30 (step S301).
- the IP / port notification message received by the server 30 includes the IP address [IPG1] of the router 11 and the port number [GP13].
- the relay information transfer unit 303 relays the IPZ port notification message, which has also received the communication terminal 10 output, to the communication terminal 20 via the communication unit 304 (step S302).
- the relay information receiving unit 206 receives the IPZ port notification message transmitted from the communication terminal 10 via the server 30.
- relay information transmitting section 205 transmits the port number determined by communication port determining section 203 to server 30 as an IPZ port notification message (step S303).
- the IPZ port notification message includes the IP address [IPG2] of the router 21 acquired by the port number investigation response 1 message and the port number [GP21 ] Is included.
- the relay information transfer unit 303 relays the IPZ port notification message that has also received the communication terminal 20 power to the communication terminal 10 via the communication unit 304 (step S304).
- the relay information receiving unit 206 receives the IPZ port notification message transmitted from the communication terminal 20 via the server 30.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the detailed operation of the P2P communication channel establishment phase (step S400) in FIG. Details of the P2P channel establishment phase (step S400) will be described below with reference to FIG.
- communication control section 207 transmits a P2 P start request message to address information [IPG1, GP13] included in the IP / port notification message received from communication terminal 10 in step S302. (Step S401).
- the P2P start request message transmitted from the communication terminal 20 is relayed by the router 11 by the router 21.
- the NAT of the router 21 is configured to relay packets in the reverse direction, and the communication terminal 10 (that is, the router 11 [IPG1, GP13]) and the like, the packet that has reached the router 21 [IPG2, GP21]
- Communication terminal 20 [IPL2, LP2] is set for relaying.
- the P2P start request message transmitted from the communication terminal 20 passes through the router 21 Data 11 is received. Therefore, the NAT of router 11 is configured to relay packets sent to address information [IPG1, GP13] via router 21 [IPG2, GP21] to communication terminal 10. Not. For this reason, the P2 P start request message transmitted from the communication terminal 20 is discarded by the router 11.
- communication control section 107 sends a P2P start request message to address information [IPG2, GP21] included in the IP / port notification message received from communication terminal 20 in step S304. Is transmitted (step S402).
- the P2P start request message transmitted from the communication terminal 10 is relayed to the router 21 by the router 11.
- NAT 11 of router 11 is configured to relay packets in the reverse direction, so that packets arrived at router 11 [IPG1, GP13] from communication terminal 20 (that is, router 21 [IPG2, GP21]). Is set to relay to the communication terminal 20 [IPL2, LP2].
- a P2P start request message transmitted from the communication terminal 10 is received by the router 21 via the router 11.
- the router 21 receives packets from the in-home terminal 11 (that is, the norator 11 [IPG 1, GP13]) and the packets sent to the norator 21 [IPG2, GP21]. Settings for relaying to [IPL2, LP2] are made. For this reason, the router 21 can relay the P2P start request message transmitted from the communication terminal 10 to the communication terminal 20.
- step S403 the P2P start request message transmitted from the communication terminal 20 is input to the norator 11 by the norator 21.
- the packet transmitted from the communication terminal 20 that is, the router 21 [IPG2, GP21]
- the router 11 [IPG1, GP13] is sent to the norator 11 by the communication terminal 10 [IPL1, LP1] is set to relay.
- the router 11 can relay the P2P start request message transmitted from the communication terminal 20 to the communication terminal 10.
- the P2P communication path between the communication terminal 10 and the communication terminal 20 is established.
- the communication terminal 10 has a predetermined communication with the server 30.
- the relay characteristics of router 11 are investigated based on the transmitted and received messages.
- the communication terminal 10 has the relay characteristic power Port Reuse of the router 11
- the address information including at least the port number of the communication terminal itself used for P2P communication with the other communication terminal 20 is used as the address information used by the router. decide. Accordingly, if the relay characteristic of the router 11 is Port Reuse, the communication terminal 10 can simplify the procedure for determining the address information used by the router 11 using the server 11.
- the communication terminal 10 when the communication terminal 10 has the relay characteristic power Port Reuse of the router 11 and Symmetric NAT, the procedure for predicting the port number used by the router 11 can be omitted. . Therefore, when establishing a P2P communication path with another communication terminal 20, the communication terminal 10 can realize high connectivity with a shorter time and less traffic.
- the NAT investigation phase (steps S 100 and S 200) is performed in advance by each terminal as a preparation for the next P2P communication port exchange phase (step S 300). Yes, it does not necessarily have to be implemented by the method shown in FIG.
- the subsequent NAT investigation phase may be omitted if the relay characteristic SPort Reuse of the router investigated previously is used. ⁇ .
- the communication terminal 10 first transmits the IP port Z port notification message. Depending on the timing of determining the P2P communication port shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the communication terminal 10 In some cases, 10 sends an IP port Z port notification message, and the processing is not necessarily performed in the order shown in FIG.
- communication terminal 10 and communication terminal 20 notify only the combination of one IPZ port to the other terminal in the IPZ port notification message, but notify the combination of a plurality of IPZ ports. Increase the connectivity of establishing a P2P communication path.
- the communication terminal 20 first transmits the P2P communication start request message. However, depending on the timing of receiving the IPZ port notification message shown in FIG. A communication start request message may be transmitted, and the processing is not necessarily performed in the order shown in FIG.
- the communication terminal and the communication method of the present invention are useful when performing a one-to-one interconnection with a communication terminal on another network via a router.
Abstract
Description
Claims
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US11/666,894 US7558249B2 (en) | 2004-11-08 | 2005-11-04 | Communication terminal, and communication method |
JP2006542446A JP4667390B2 (ja) | 2004-11-08 | 2005-11-04 | 通信端末及び通信方法 |
CN2005800378565A CN101053218B (zh) | 2004-11-08 | 2005-11-04 | 通信终端和通信方法 |
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JP2004323354 | 2004-11-08 | ||
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US (1) | US7558249B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4667390B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101053218B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006049251A1 (ja) |
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WO2008035578A1 (fr) * | 2006-09-22 | 2008-03-27 | Panasonic Corporation | Appareil de communication, procédé de communication et système de communication |
US8144704B2 (en) | 2007-03-20 | 2012-03-27 | Panasonic Corporation | IP communication apparatus and IP communication method of such apparatus |
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JP2014187614A (ja) * | 2013-03-25 | 2014-10-02 | Nippon Telegraph & Telephone West Corp | 通信装置及び通信システム |
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US20080273600A1 (en) * | 2007-05-01 | 2008-11-06 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus of wireless communication of uncompressed video having channel time blocks |
US8837435B2 (en) * | 2007-10-31 | 2014-09-16 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Method and system for medium access control in communication networks |
US8811420B2 (en) * | 2009-01-05 | 2014-08-19 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | System and method for contention-based channel access for peer-to-peer connection in wireless networks |
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KR101263783B1 (ko) * | 2010-12-27 | 2013-05-13 | 삼성에스디에스 주식회사 | 릴레이 서버를 이용한 데이터 전송 시스템 및 방법 |
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CN101053218A (zh) | 2007-10-10 |
US20080112417A1 (en) | 2008-05-15 |
JP4667390B2 (ja) | 2011-04-13 |
US7558249B2 (en) | 2009-07-07 |
JPWO2006049251A1 (ja) | 2008-05-29 |
CN101053218B (zh) | 2011-07-20 |
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