WO2006045876A1 - Heat-generating unit - Google Patents

Heat-generating unit Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006045876A1
WO2006045876A1 PCT/FI2004/000633 FI2004000633W WO2006045876A1 WO 2006045876 A1 WO2006045876 A1 WO 2006045876A1 FI 2004000633 W FI2004000633 W FI 2004000633W WO 2006045876 A1 WO2006045876 A1 WO 2006045876A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuel
heat
generating unit
gasification
feed nozzle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI2004/000633
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Teuvo Kurvinen
Original Assignee
Teuvo Kurvinen
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Teuvo Kurvinen filed Critical Teuvo Kurvinen
Priority to DE602004021445T priority Critical patent/DE602004021445D1/en
Priority to EP04791425A priority patent/EP1809944B1/en
Priority to PL04791425T priority patent/PL1809944T3/en
Priority to AT04791425T priority patent/ATE433081T1/en
Priority to PCT/FI2004/000633 priority patent/WO2006045876A1/en
Publication of WO2006045876A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006045876A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B90/00—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus
    • F23B90/04—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion
    • F23B90/06—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion the primary combustion being a gasification or pyrolysis in a reductive atmosphere

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a heat-generating unit using a solid fuel, such as wood chips, and comprising a combustion chamber, which can be supplied with fuel and air.
  • the invention also relates to heat generation for various purposes and to carbon monoxide production mainly as a fuel for generation of electricity, however, with potential other purposes of exploiting carbon monoxide.
  • Prior art solutions have separated combustion-technical operations and carbon monoxide (CO) production into different units. All prior art units have determined efficiency rates that cannot be increased, neither theoretically nor in the practice.
  • the purpose of the invention is to provide a heat-generating unit of a new type, which combines solutions known per se and thus provides a heat-generating unit having markedly higher efficiency than that of heat-generating units known per se.
  • the heat-generating unit of the invention is characterised by the fact that fuel can be led through a feed nozzle both to the combustion chamber of the heat-generating unit and to a gasification unit and a gas generator, where the fuel is gasified and converted into carbon monoxide, being then usable e.g. in the generation of electricity.
  • the fuel is fed through a nozzle, with the fuel flowing from the top of the nozzle into a gasification fuel container. When the container is full, the fuel is directed to rise through an orifice and terminates on a grate located at the bottom of the combustion chamber, where the fuel is ignited and burns.
  • the radiation heat generated by combustion on the grate evaporates and dries the fuel to be gasified.
  • the steam thus produced is oriented to rise into the combustion chamber of the device.
  • the carbon monoxide obtained in gasification is almost dry.
  • Heat and gas are produced in the same unit.
  • Such a basic unit provides excellent conditions for a distributed energy system.
  • the fuel is taken by means of known techniques through the feed nozzle 1 to the distribution orifice 2 of the fuel container in the gasification part.
  • the fuel rises through the nozzle 4 onto the grate 3 for combustion.
  • the fuel is gasified into carbon monoxide (CO) in the gas generator 6.
  • the feed nozzle 1 is located at the centre of the fuel distribution orifice 2.
  • the fuel which is preferably wood chips, is transferred by means of a screw conveyor 11 from the container 10 to the feed nozzle 1.
  • the fuel container 5 of the gasification part of the device is located underneath the fuel distribution orifice 2.
  • the fuel part 14 of the gasification unit has the shape of an upwardly tapered cone and is located concentrically with the fuel distribution orifice, while forming the outer wall of the distribution orifice 2.
  • the heat-generating unit may act as a heating boiler having a heat exchanger 9 at its top. Air is introduced at the arrows 15 of the heat-generating unit. Carbon monoxide (CO) is discharged at the arrow 16.
  • CO Carbon monoxide

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a heat-generating unit using a solid fuel, such as wood chips, and comprising a combustion chamber at the top of a combustion and gasification device and a gasification unit at its bottom, allowing fuel and air to be supplied to these units. The fuel can be fed through a feed nozzle (1) to a distribution orifice (2), from where the fuel flows into a gasification fuel container (5) and from there to a gas generator (6), where the fuel is gasified and converted into carbon monoxide, being further usable for the generation of electricity (8), for instance. When the gasification fuel container (5) is full, the fuel rises through the feed nozzle (4) onto a grate (3) located in the combustion chamber (7), where fuel is combusted, generating heat suitable for heat generation.

Description

Heat-generating unit
This invention relates to a heat-generating unit using a solid fuel, such as wood chips, and comprising a combustion chamber, which can be supplied with fuel and air.
The invention also relates to heat generation for various purposes and to carbon monoxide production mainly as a fuel for generation of electricity, however, with potential other purposes of exploiting carbon monoxide. Prior art solutions have separated combustion-technical operations and carbon monoxide (CO) production into different units. All prior art units have determined efficiency rates that cannot be increased, neither theoretically nor in the practice. The purpose of the invention is to provide a heat-generating unit of a new type, which combines solutions known per se and thus provides a heat-generating unit having markedly higher efficiency than that of heat-generating units known per se.
The heat-generating unit of the invention is characterised by the fact that fuel can be led through a feed nozzle both to the combustion chamber of the heat-generating unit and to a gasification unit and a gas generator, where the fuel is gasified and converted into carbon monoxide, being then usable e.g. in the generation of electricity. The two operations, combustion for generating heat and production of carbon monoxide (CO), both take place in the same unit. The fuel is fed through a nozzle, with the fuel flowing from the top of the nozzle into a gasification fuel container. When the container is full, the fuel is directed to rise through an orifice and terminates on a grate located at the bottom of the combustion chamber, where the fuel is ignited and burns. The radiation heat generated by combustion on the grate evaporates and dries the fuel to be gasified. The steam thus produced is oriented to rise into the combustion chamber of the device. The carbon monoxide obtained in gasification is almost dry.
Heat and gas are produced in the same unit. Such a basic unit provides excellent conditions for a distributed energy system.
Different embodiments of the invention are set forth in the dependent claims of the set of claims. The invention is explained below by means of an example and with reference to the accompanying drawing 1, which shows the heat-generating unit of the invention in cross-section.
The fuel is taken by means of known techniques through the feed nozzle 1 to the distribution orifice 2 of the fuel container in the gasification part. When the gasification fuel container 5 is full, the fuel rises through the nozzle 4 onto the grate 3 for combustion. The fuel is gasified into carbon monoxide (CO) in the gas generator 6. The feed nozzle 1 is located at the centre of the fuel distribution orifice 2.
The fuel, which is preferably wood chips, is transferred by means of a screw conveyor 11 from the container 10 to the feed nozzle 1. The fuel container 5 of the gasification part of the device is located underneath the fuel distribution orifice 2. The fuel part 14 of the gasification unit has the shape of an upwardly tapered cone and is located concentrically with the fuel distribution orifice, while forming the outer wall of the distribution orifice 2.
The heat-generating unit may act as a heating boiler having a heat exchanger 9 at its top. Air is introduced at the arrows 15 of the heat-generating unit. Carbon monoxide (CO) is discharged at the arrow 16.

Claims

Claims
1. A heat-generating unit using a solid fuel, such as wood chips and comprising a combustion chamber, which can be supplied with fuel and air, characterised in that the fuel can be directed through a feed nozzle (1) both to the combustion chamber (7) and to the fuel part (5) of a gasification unit and a gas generator (6) included in the heat-generating unit, where the fuel is gasified into carbon monoxide, being thus further usable e.g. in the generation of electricity (8).
2. A heat-generating unit as defined in claim 1, characterised in comprising a distribution orifice (2), whose inner wall acts as a feed nozzle (1) and outer wall forms a downwardly tapered wall (14) of the fuel part of the gasification unit.
3. A heat-generating unit as defined in claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the distribution orifice (2) is located concentrically with the feed nozzle (1) and the inwardly tapered cone (14) of the fuel part.
4. A heat-generating unit as defined in any of the preceding claims, characterised in comprising a feed nozzle (4) shaped as a cylinder or cone.
5. A heat-generating unit as defined in any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the feed nozzle (4) is placed concentrically with the nozzle (1).
6. A heat-generating unit as defined in any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the fuel container (5) of the gasification unit is placed underneath the distribution orifice (2).
7. A heat-generating unit as defined in any of the preceding claims, characterised in that one or more gas generators (6) can be disposed in the fuel container (5) of the gasification unit.
8. A heat-generating unit as defined in any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the gas generator (6) is connected to a gas space (13) from where the gas can be directed to an internal-combustion engine, which, in turn, is connected to an electric generator.
PCT/FI2004/000633 2004-10-27 2004-10-27 Heat-generating unit WO2006045876A1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE602004021445T DE602004021445D1 (en) 2004-10-27 2004-10-27 HEAT GENERATING UNIT
EP04791425A EP1809944B1 (en) 2004-10-27 2004-10-27 Heat-generating unit
PL04791425T PL1809944T3 (en) 2004-10-27 2004-10-27 Heat-generating unit
AT04791425T ATE433081T1 (en) 2004-10-27 2004-10-27 HEAT GENERATION UNIT
PCT/FI2004/000633 WO2006045876A1 (en) 2004-10-27 2004-10-27 Heat-generating unit

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/FI2004/000633 WO2006045876A1 (en) 2004-10-27 2004-10-27 Heat-generating unit

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006045876A1 true WO2006045876A1 (en) 2006-05-04

Family

ID=36227502

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI2004/000633 WO2006045876A1 (en) 2004-10-27 2004-10-27 Heat-generating unit

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1809944B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE433081T1 (en)
DE (1) DE602004021445D1 (en)
PL (1) PL1809944T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2006045876A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105485665A (en) * 2015-12-31 2016-04-13 广西节得乐生物质能源科技有限公司 Biomass particle gasification burner

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109578977B (en) * 2018-11-23 2020-08-21 兖矿集团有限公司 Environment-friendly coal-fired boiler capable of independently controlling pyrolysis gasification and semicoke combustion and treatment method thereof

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1494006A (en) 1976-04-09 1977-12-07 Coal Ind Gasification of coal
US4274941A (en) * 1974-10-10 1981-06-23 Bergwerksverband Gmbh Process for generating combustible gases, liquid coal byproducts and superheated steam from coal
JPS6152505A (en) * 1984-08-20 1986-03-15 Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd Combustion apparatus
US4802445A (en) * 1988-05-12 1989-02-07 Foster Wheeler Development Corporation Parallel staged fluidized bed combustor
EP0312840A1 (en) * 1987-10-20 1989-04-26 Abb Stal Ab PFBC power plant
DE3934447A1 (en) * 1989-02-16 1991-04-18 Saarbergwerke Ag METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DEGASSING SOLID FUEL IN A FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4274941A (en) * 1974-10-10 1981-06-23 Bergwerksverband Gmbh Process for generating combustible gases, liquid coal byproducts and superheated steam from coal
GB1494006A (en) 1976-04-09 1977-12-07 Coal Ind Gasification of coal
JPS6152505A (en) * 1984-08-20 1986-03-15 Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd Combustion apparatus
EP0312840A1 (en) * 1987-10-20 1989-04-26 Abb Stal Ab PFBC power plant
US4802445A (en) * 1988-05-12 1989-02-07 Foster Wheeler Development Corporation Parallel staged fluidized bed combustor
DE3934447A1 (en) * 1989-02-16 1991-04-18 Saarbergwerke Ag METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DEGASSING SOLID FUEL IN A FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 010, no. 211 (M - 501) 24 July 1986 (1986-07-24) *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105485665A (en) * 2015-12-31 2016-04-13 广西节得乐生物质能源科技有限公司 Biomass particle gasification burner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL1809944T3 (en) 2009-12-31
EP1809944A1 (en) 2007-07-25
EP1809944B1 (en) 2009-06-03
ATE433081T1 (en) 2009-06-15
DE602004021445D1 (en) 2009-07-16

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