WO2006040572A1 - An illumination device - Google Patents

An illumination device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006040572A1
WO2006040572A1 PCT/GB2005/003960 GB2005003960W WO2006040572A1 WO 2006040572 A1 WO2006040572 A1 WO 2006040572A1 GB 2005003960 W GB2005003960 W GB 2005003960W WO 2006040572 A1 WO2006040572 A1 WO 2006040572A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
illumination device
light
region
striation
rod
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2005/003960
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Morton Graham
Original Assignee
Morton Graham
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Morton Graham filed Critical Morton Graham
Publication of WO2006040572A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006040572A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/0038—Linear indentations or grooves, e.g. arc-shaped grooves or meandering grooves, extending over the full length or width of the light guide
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0005—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being of the fibre type
    • G02B6/001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being of the fibre type the light being emitted along at least a portion of the lateral surface of the fibre
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0066—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form characterised by the light source being coupled to the light guide
    • G02B6/0068—Arrangements of plural sources, e.g. multi-colour light sources

Definitions

  • This invention concerns an illumination device which may serve to highlight an object or an outline of a building, for example, or to produce illumination and thus act as a light source.
  • the invention is particularly concerned with providing illumination by means of low- power consumption light sources and utilisation of the natural progression of photons along a transparent body from end to end with the ends of the body illuminated by one or more LEDs.
  • an illumination device comprises a solid transparent acrylic elongate body having at least one cross-sectional end face, and a light source located at or adjacent said end face thus to project light into and through the body; characterised by at least one region of striation on the surface of the body, the or each said region having a roughened surface to cause light to exit the body.
  • the roughened surface may have multiple facets to cause said light to exit the body in multiple directions.
  • a relationship between the or each region and the remaining surface area of the body maybe selected to determine a degree of light exiting from the body.
  • the or each region of striation may be at least one line extending longitudinally along the surface, the relationship between the width or depth of said line and the remaining surface area being selected to determine the degree of light output.
  • the body may include a lensed surface.
  • the body may be of circular cross-section.
  • the body may be of elliptical cross-section.
  • the body may have opposed end faces with a light source at or adjacent both end faces.
  • the body may have a plurality of lines of striation spaced apart around its cross- sectional periphery.
  • the remaining surface area may be greater than that of a line or lines of striation.
  • the acrylic body may be provided by extrusion while the line or lines of striation may be produced by cutting the surface of the body.
  • the body may have a straight longitudinal axis.
  • the body may have a curved or angular longitudinal axis.
  • the body may be at least partially enclosed within a recess in a further body with a space therebetween and a reflective surface on the further body facing the or each region of striation or a part thereof.
  • the further body may be of a translucent material.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a transparent acrylic rod formed in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a solid transparent acrylic plate formed in accordance with a second embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 3 is a front view of the rod of Fig. 1, showing light sources attached thereto;
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of the invention.
  • the light will then obey the rule of total internal reflection so that the photons will continue down the rod being reflected back into the rod at the same angle. If a photon should collide with a depression or break in the surface of the rod, then the light will be directed outwardly from the rod in a direction transverse to its axis.
  • a transparent acrylic rod 10 which typically may be between 10mm and 30mm in diameter and between 300mm and 2 metres in length.
  • the rod is produced by extrusion and is annealed thus to have, as far as possible, an uninterrupted surface.
  • a plurality of striations (11) are cut in the surface of the rod using a diamond cutter or the like to a depth of between 0.5 and 1 mm and of a similar width.
  • Each striation (11) thus presents a roughened surface having multiple facets.
  • V-shaped striations are created in the surface of the rod and extend at least substantially throughout its length.
  • the striations (11) are evenly distributed around the circumference of the rod and are, for example, some 12 in number.
  • a light source (15) such as one or a plurality of LEDs is placed at or adjacent one or both ends of the rod (10) thus to introduce light into the ends of the rod, so that the photons of light will travel down the rod by total internal reflection and by refraction as referred to previously. Each such photon will continue to travel generally lengthwise of the rod until it coincides or collides with one of the striations (11) whereupon light will exit radially from the rod. The light exits from the striations in multiple directions owing to the multiple facets of the striated surfaces.
  • the so-illuminated rod when viewed laterally, will appear to have a multitude of lines of light appearing along its length spaced about its circumference.
  • the degree of light exiting from the rod may be determined.
  • the light output is maximised by a certain predetermined relationship between the striations and the clear areas there between.
  • the twelve striations occupy 6mm of a circumference of 31.42mm. If the diameter is 30m and the striations are lmm wide, then the twelve striations occupy 12mm of a circumference of 94.26mm.
  • the light sources (15) at one or both ends of the rod (10) may comprise by single or multiple LEDs which may produce white or coloured light as required.
  • a plate or strip (12) of transparent acrylic material may similarly be provided with striations (13).
  • the rectangular end faces of the strip (12) may be illuminated with one or more LEDs, and the longitudinal edges (14) may, if required, be rendered opaque or reflective by strips of reflective material attached thereto.
  • the curved profile of the circular sectioned rod provides a lensing effect, thus to magnify the apparent light issuing from the striations.
  • the body is other than of circular or rectangular cross-section then again if one face is curved to provide the lens effect, the light is magnified accordingly.
  • the striations need not be uniformly spaced apart but may be grouped, for example, in one area of the peripheral surface.
  • the striations may occupy only 180° of the circumference, or some other proportion thereof.
  • the bodies (10) and (12) have been shown to have a straight longitudinal axis, nevertheless, they may instead have a curved longitudinal axis. That is, the body may be bent around curves throughout its length while the light will still travel along the length of the body and will exit only by collision with the striations.
  • the light source will be applied at a power of 1 watt per meter length of the body.
  • An illumination device made in accordance with this invention provides a very effective light source with minimal power requirement and may be fashioned to highlight, for example, the outline of a building, or may provide room lighting, and the body may be curved around corners of a roof or room without loss or concentration of light at the corners. If required, as illustrated in Fig. 4, the body (10) may be enclosed eccentrically within a translucent tube (16) or other body having a recessed profile with an air gap between the two in which secondary diffusion of the light occurs with the effect that the illuminated striations are not directly visible. The provision of secondary diffusion within the air gap ensures a more uniform lighting effect.
  • the other body may have a partial reflective surface facing the adjacent striations of the main body (10) thus to focus or project light forwardly towards the non-reflective part of the tube (17).
  • the reflective surface (18) may also have the effect of re-directing photons back into the striated body for further internal reflection within the latter. Reflection of photons between the reflector (18) and the outer surface of the body (10) causes the light to be transmitted further along the tube (17) thereby enhancing the uniformity of the light throughout the length of the device
  • the invention is not limited to elongate bodies of circular or rectangular cross-section and may be of other shapes such as elliptical, triangular etc.

Abstract

An illumination device comprising a solid transparent acrylic elongate body such as a rod (10) having a pair of cross-sectional end faces and a light source (15) located at each said end face thus to project light into and through the body by substantially total internal reflection, and at least one region of striation (11) cut into the outer surface of the body to produce a roughened surface thus to cause light to exit the body where the striations are located. A relationship between the area of the region of striation and that of the remaining surface of the body determines the degree of light exiting therefrom.

Description

AN ILLUMINATION DEVICE
This invention concerns an illumination device which may serve to highlight an object or an outline of a building, for example, or to produce illumination and thus act as a light source.
The invention is particularly concerned with providing illumination by means of low- power consumption light sources and utilisation of the natural progression of photons along a transparent body from end to end with the ends of the body illuminated by one or more LEDs.
According to the present invention an illumination device comprises a solid transparent acrylic elongate body having at least one cross-sectional end face, and a light source located at or adjacent said end face thus to project light into and through the body; characterised by at least one region of striation on the surface of the body, the or each said region having a roughened surface to cause light to exit the body.
The roughened surface may have multiple facets to cause said light to exit the body in multiple directions.
A relationship between the or each region and the remaining surface area of the body maybe selected to determine a degree of light exiting from the body.
The or each region of striation may be at least one line extending longitudinally along the surface, the relationship between the width or depth of said line and the remaining surface area being selected to determine the degree of light output.
The body may include a lensed surface.
The body may be of circular cross-section. The body may be of elliptical cross-section.
The body may have opposed end faces with a light source at or adjacent both end faces.
The body may have a plurality of lines of striation spaced apart around its cross- sectional periphery.
The remaining surface area may be greater than that of a line or lines of striation.
The acrylic body may be provided by extrusion while the line or lines of striation may be produced by cutting the surface of the body.
The body may have a straight longitudinal axis.
The body may have a curved or angular longitudinal axis.
The body may be at least partially enclosed within a recess in a further body with a space therebetween and a reflective surface on the further body facing the or each region of striation or a part thereof.
The further body may be of a translucent material.
Embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: -
Fig. 1 illustrates a transparent acrylic rod formed in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention; Fig. 2 illustrates a solid transparent acrylic plate formed in accordance with a second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is a front view of the rod of Fig. 1, showing light sources attached thereto; and
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of the invention.
It is established that if light is introduced into an end face of a transparent acrylic rod of circular cross-section, then the light will obey the law of refraction thus to be directed from plane of the end face at an angle of 48.3°, or 41.7° from the longitudinal axis of the rod.
The light will then obey the rule of total internal reflection so that the photons will continue down the rod being reflected back into the rod at the same angle. If a photon should collide with a depression or break in the surface of the rod, then the light will be directed outwardly from the rod in a direction transverse to its axis.
Referring now to Fig. 1 there is shown a transparent acrylic rod (10) which typically may be between 10mm and 30mm in diameter and between 300mm and 2 metres in length. The rod is produced by extrusion and is annealed thus to have, as far as possible, an uninterrupted surface.
After extrusion, a plurality of striations (11) are cut in the surface of the rod using a diamond cutter or the like to a depth of between 0.5 and 1 mm and of a similar width. Each striation (11) thus presents a roughened surface having multiple facets. Thus, V-shaped striations are created in the surface of the rod and extend at least substantially throughout its length. Preferably, the striations (11) are evenly distributed around the circumference of the rod and are, for example, some 12 in number. A light source (15) such as one or a plurality of LEDs is placed at or adjacent one or both ends of the rod (10) thus to introduce light into the ends of the rod, so that the photons of light will travel down the rod by total internal reflection and by refraction as referred to previously. Each such photon will continue to travel generally lengthwise of the rod until it coincides or collides with one of the striations (11) whereupon light will exit radially from the rod. The light exits from the striations in multiple directions owing to the multiple facets of the striated surfaces.
Thus, when viewed laterally, the so-illuminated rod will appear to have a multitude of lines of light appearing along its length spaced about its circumference.
By selecting the relationship between the width or depth of the striations (11), and the remaining uninterrupted surface area of the rod, so the degree of light exiting from the rod may be determined. The light output is maximised by a certain predetermined relationship between the striations and the clear areas there between.
If the diameter is 10mm and the striations are 0.5mm wide, then the twelve striations occupy 6mm of a circumference of 31.42mm. If the diameter is 30m and the striations are lmm wide, then the twelve striations occupy 12mm of a circumference of 94.26mm.
The light sources (15) at one or both ends of the rod (10) may comprise by single or multiple LEDs which may produce white or coloured light as required.
Referring now to Fig. 2, in place of a circular cross-sectioned rod, a plate or strip (12) of transparent acrylic material may similarly be provided with striations (13). In this case, the rectangular end faces of the strip (12) may be illuminated with one or more LEDs, and the longitudinal edges (14) may, if required, be rendered opaque or reflective by strips of reflective material attached thereto. It will be appreciated, however, that the curved profile of the circular sectioned rod provides a lensing effect, thus to magnify the apparent light issuing from the striations.
If the body is other than of circular or rectangular cross-section then again if one face is curved to provide the lens effect, the light is magnified accordingly.
It is clear that the uninterrupted surface area is expected to be greater than that of the line or lines of striation but the relationship may be determined according to the illumination required.
The striations need not be uniformly spaced apart but may be grouped, for example, in one area of the peripheral surface. For example, in the case of the rod (10) the striations may occupy only 180° of the circumference, or some other proportion thereof.
While the bodies (10) and (12) have been shown to have a straight longitudinal axis, nevertheless, they may instead have a curved longitudinal axis. That is, the body may be bent around curves throughout its length while the light will still travel along the length of the body and will exit only by collision with the striations.
If the length of the body relative to its amount of illumination is optimally selected, there may be no apparent loss of illumination at the mid-point between the two light sources. Typically, the light source will be applied at a power of 1 watt per meter length of the body.
An illumination device made in accordance with this invention provides a very effective light source with minimal power requirement and may be fashioned to highlight, for example, the outline of a building, or may provide room lighting, and the body may be curved around corners of a roof or room without loss or concentration of light at the corners. If required, as illustrated in Fig. 4, the body (10) may be enclosed eccentrically within a translucent tube (16) or other body having a recessed profile with an air gap between the two in which secondary diffusion of the light occurs with the effect that the illuminated striations are not directly visible. The provision of secondary diffusion within the air gap ensures a more uniform lighting effect. Also, the other body may have a partial reflective surface facing the adjacent striations of the main body (10) thus to focus or project light forwardly towards the non-reflective part of the tube (17). The reflective surface (18) may also have the effect of re-directing photons back into the striated body for further internal reflection within the latter. Reflection of photons between the reflector (18) and the outer surface of the body (10) causes the light to be transmitted further along the tube (17) thereby enhancing the uniformity of the light throughout the length of the device
The invention is not limited to elongate bodies of circular or rectangular cross-section and may be of other shapes such as elliptical, triangular etc.

Claims

1. An illumination device comprising a solid transparent acrylic body having at least one cross-sectional end face and a light source located at or adjacent said end face thus to project light into and through the body; characterised by at least one region of striation on the surface of the body, the or each region having a roughened surface to cause light to exit the body.
2. An illumination device according to claim 1 wherein the roughened surface has multiple facets to cause said light to exit the body in multiple directions.
3. An illumination device according to claim 1 or claim 2 wherein a relationship between the or each region and the remaining surface area of the body is selected to determine a degree of light exiting from the body.
4. An illumination device according to any preceding claim wherein the or each region of striation is at least one line extending longitudinally along the surface, the relationship between the width or depth of said line and the remaining surface area being selected to determine the degree of light output.
5. An illumination device according to any preceding claim wherein the body includes a lensed surface.
6. An illumination device according to any preceding claim wherein the body is of circular cross-section.
7. An illumination device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein the body is of elliptical cross-section.
8. An illumination device according to any preceding claim wherein the body has opposed end faces with a light source at or adjacent to both end faces.
9. An illumination device according to any preceding claim wherein the body has a plurality of lines of striations spaced apart around its cross-sectional periphery.
10. An illumination device according to any preceding claim wherein the remaining surface area of the body is greater than that of the or each region of striation.
11. An illumination device according to any preceding claim wherein the acrylic body is provided by extrusion while the or each region of striation is produced by cutting the surface of the body.
12. An illumination device according to any preceding claim wherein the body has a straight longitudinal axis.
13. An illumination device according to any one of claims 1 to 11 wherein the body has a curved or angular longitudinal axis.
14. An illumination device according to any preceding claim wherein the body is at least partially enclosed within a recess in a further body with a space therebetween and a reflective surface on the further body facing the or each region of striation or a part thereof.
15. An illumination device according to claim 14 wherein the further body is of a translucent material.
PCT/GB2005/003960 2004-10-14 2005-10-12 An illumination device WO2006040572A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0422796.3 2004-10-14
GB0422796A GB0422796D0 (en) 2004-10-14 2004-10-14 An illumination device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006040572A1 true WO2006040572A1 (en) 2006-04-20

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WO (1) WO2006040572A1 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012010824A1 (en) * 2010-07-19 2012-01-26 Vkr Holding A/S Lighting arrangement comprising eleongate light emitting members
US8956006B2 (en) 2010-08-23 2015-02-17 Energy Focus, Inc. Elongated LED lamp for replacing a fluorescent lamp
US10604766B2 (en) 2008-02-15 2020-03-31 Ceres, Inc. Drought and heat tolerance in plants
US11174491B2 (en) 2006-07-05 2021-11-16 Ceres, Inc. Modulating light response pathways in plants, increasing light-related tolerances in plants, and increasing biomass in plants

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5372756A (en) * 1990-04-11 1994-12-13 Oyama; Nobuo Method of forming striated light diffuser
EP1376003A1 (en) * 2001-04-05 2004-01-02 Bridgestone Corporation Linear light emitter and method of manufacturing the light emitter
US20040066659A1 (en) * 2002-10-04 2004-04-08 Mezei George A. Transparent light emitting members and method of manufacture

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5372756A (en) * 1990-04-11 1994-12-13 Oyama; Nobuo Method of forming striated light diffuser
EP1376003A1 (en) * 2001-04-05 2004-01-02 Bridgestone Corporation Linear light emitter and method of manufacturing the light emitter
US20040066659A1 (en) * 2002-10-04 2004-04-08 Mezei George A. Transparent light emitting members and method of manufacture

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11174491B2 (en) 2006-07-05 2021-11-16 Ceres, Inc. Modulating light response pathways in plants, increasing light-related tolerances in plants, and increasing biomass in plants
US11926836B2 (en) 2006-07-05 2024-03-12 Ceres, Inc. Modulating light response pathways in plants, increasing light-related tolerances in plants, and increasing biomass in plants
US10604766B2 (en) 2008-02-15 2020-03-31 Ceres, Inc. Drought and heat tolerance in plants
US11530417B2 (en) 2008-02-15 2022-12-20 Ceres, Inc. Drought and heat tolerance in plants
US11578337B2 (en) 2008-02-15 2023-02-14 Ceres, Inc. Drought and heat tolerance in plants
US11946060B2 (en) 2008-02-15 2024-04-02 Ceres, Inc. Drought and heat tolerance in plants
WO2012010824A1 (en) * 2010-07-19 2012-01-26 Vkr Holding A/S Lighting arrangement comprising eleongate light emitting members
CN103080795A (en) * 2010-07-19 2013-05-01 Vkr控股公司 Lighting arrangement comprising eleongate light emitting members
AU2011281362B2 (en) * 2010-07-19 2013-08-15 Vkr Holding A/S Lighting arrangement comprising eleongate light emitting members
US9022596B2 (en) 2010-07-19 2015-05-05 Vkr Holding A/S Lighting arrangement comprising elongate light emitting members
US8956006B2 (en) 2010-08-23 2015-02-17 Energy Focus, Inc. Elongated LED lamp for replacing a fluorescent lamp

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