WO2006039976A1 - Diviseur de tension - Google Patents

Diviseur de tension Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006039976A1
WO2006039976A1 PCT/EP2005/009858 EP2005009858W WO2006039976A1 WO 2006039976 A1 WO2006039976 A1 WO 2006039976A1 EP 2005009858 W EP2005009858 W EP 2005009858W WO 2006039976 A1 WO2006039976 A1 WO 2006039976A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
voltage
voltage divider
compensation network
resistor
node
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2005/009858
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jochen Ermisch
Axel Georgi
Original Assignee
Duromer Kunststoffverarbeitungs- Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Duromer Kunststoffverarbeitungs- Gmbh filed Critical Duromer Kunststoffverarbeitungs- Gmbh
Publication of WO2006039976A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006039976A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
    • H03H7/00—Multiple-port networks comprising only passive electrical elements as network components
    • H03H7/24—Frequency- independent attenuators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
    • G01R15/04—Voltage dividers
    • G01R15/06—Voltage dividers having reactive components, e.g. capacitive transformer

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a voltage divider having at least one high-voltage resistor and at least one undervoltage resistor for generating an undervoltage and a high voltage in a predetermined transmission ratio.
  • the invention particularly relates to a generic ohmic voltage divider.
  • EP 0 815 454 describes a voltage converter with a generic voltage divider for measuring the voltage of medium and high voltage systems with a combined arrangement of resistive divider resistor and means for compensating electromagnetic environmental influences.
  • the means for compensating electromagnetic environmental influences are shielding electrodes which surround the resistive divider resistor.
  • Error limits over an extremely wide frequency range for example, from 0 to 10,000 Hz, given.
  • the known voltage dividers have a frequency response due to the environmental influences, which are in particular due to the capacitances and properties of shielding electrodes, which ensures compliance with the predetermined error limits with respect to magnitude and phase only for a relatively narrow frequency range, for example from 50 to 200 Hz ,
  • this is completely insufficient for the mentioned applications of the technology.
  • EP 1 018 024 B1 Another generic voltage divider is disclosed in EP 1 018 024 B1 and has the same shortcomings as described above.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to design a generic voltage divider such that its transmission ratio is frequency-independent in the widest possible frequency range, so that the voltage divider can be used in the largest possible frequency range within predetermined error limits, in particular for measuring purposes.
  • a generic voltage divider has a parallel to the undervoltage resistor compensation network with a ground-side and a voltage-side output contact.
  • the compensation network eliminates the parasitic resistors and capacitors that are detrimental to the frequency response of the voltage divider over a wide frequency range, depending on the choice of the compensation network.
  • Compensating network to the undervoltage resistor is connected in parallel, it can be easily added to the voltage divider without a complete re-design of the voltage divider is required.
  • the undervoltage is simply tapped on the ground-side and the voltage-side output contact of the compensation network according to the invention instead of directly on the undervoltage resistor according to the prior art.
  • Frequency range from 0 to about 1000 Hz with respect to measuring purposes given error limits for magnitude and phase is made constant.
  • many measurement tasks within this frequency interval can be performed with high precision.
  • the voltage divider according to the invention is further improved if the transmission ratio over a frequency interval of 0 to about 10,000 Hz with respect to measurement purposes predetermined error limits for magnitude and phase is made constant. As a result, the applicability of the voltage divider according to the invention is significantly extended, so that even applications that require the highest precision, such. B. the drive technology or more specifically the magnetic levitation, can be realized with the voltage divider according to the invention. - A -
  • the compensation network contains only passive components, there is the advantage that the compensation network can resort to essentially conventional passive filter elements. These are widely used and readily available. In particular, the use of exclusively passive components results in a particularly cost-effective production of the voltage divider according to the invention.
  • the compensation network contains exclusively capacitances and ohmic resistances.
  • capacitances and ohmic resistors it is possible in the compensation network according to the invention to use RC low-pass filters, RC high-pass filters, RC bandpass filters, RC bandstop filters, RC all-pass filters of any desired order, alone or networked.
  • Output node is also grounded via a second capacitance and connected to a voltage-side network output.
  • the first ohmic resistance influences the transmission ratio at low frequencies, at high frequencies it is influenced by the second capacitance, and finally at medium frequencies the second ohmic resistance, the third ohmic resistance and the first capacitance influence the second ohmic resistance transmission ratio.
  • a particular advantage of this embodiment is the comparatively simple construction of the compensation network.
  • z. B. Especially for the compensation in an even larger frequency range, z. B. to 10,000 Hz, provides a variant of the voltage divider according to the invention, that between the center node and the output node, a double-T filter is connected.
  • the known per se properties of the double-T filter, z. B. its effect as a band-stop filter, are used advantageously.
  • Due to the circuit topology of the double-T filter, another node is led to the signal ground, in which further components or circuits can be installed.
  • a capacitance and an ohmic resistance in row are connected, and from a second T-filter whose signal line contains capacitances and whose intermediate node in the direction of the signal ground in parallel, a capacitance and an ohmic resistance are connected.
  • the first T-filter is used for the correction of low frequencies and the second T-filter for the correction of high frequencies.
  • the compensation network comprises a chain conductor whose elements preferably each comprise two ohmic resistors and one capacitor.
  • the chain conductor also serves to correct the frequency response to ensure a transmission ratio of the voltage divider which is as constant as possible in terms of magnitude and phase.
  • the chain conductor is particularly advantageous because of its internal symmetry.
  • the chain conductor has an input element consisting of an ohmic resistance, which is short-circuited with the voltage side of the sub-resistance.
  • the input element serves to correct the transmission ratio at low frequencies.
  • the object underlying the invention is likewise achieved by a method for improving an ohmic voltage divider according to the invention, wherein a frequency response of the ohmic voltage divider is first determined according to the invention, then a compensation flag is calculated with a ground-side and a ground-facing output contact on the basis of the determined frequency response, and finally the calculated
  • Compensation network manufactured and installed in the voltage divider This procedure ensures that an optimal compensation network is determined for each individual voltage divider becomes. This is an invaluable advantage, especially with regard to the production spread observed in practice, which occurs in split batches.
  • the calculation of the compensation network on the basis of the determined frequency response can be carried out using the filter design methods known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the computation may relate to the complete circuit topology as well as be limited to the computation of parameters such as the values for capacitances and ohmic resistances of a given circuit topology.
  • a particularly favorable in terms of manufacturing and logistics variant of the method according to the invention provides that a plurality of frequency responses are determined at different voltage dividers that the determined frequency responses are classified in a predetermined number of groups similar frequency response that a compensation network is calculated for each group and then the calculated compensation network is prefabricated as a compensation network module.
  • a suitable group formation can be done with known mathematical methods such. As classification by neural networks.
  • the determined frequency response is assigned to a group with as similar a frequency response as possible and the compensation network module belonging to the assigned group is installed in the voltage divider.
  • the compensation network module belonging to the assigned group is installed in the voltage divider.
  • the frequency response determined is a linear superimposition of several
  • the compensation network modules can be used in the sense of a mathematical basis, which are suitably electrically combined with each other. In the case of a small logistical effort, the correction is thereby further optimized.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic structure of the structure of a voltage divider according to the prior art
  • FIG. 4 circuit diagram of another embodiment of the voltage divider according to the invention with Kompensationsnetzwerk
  • FIG. 5 circuit diagram of a third embodiment of the voltage divider according to the invention
  • a voltage divider 1 consists of a
  • the high-voltage resistor 2 is surrounded by shielding electrodes 4.
  • the undervoltage resistor 3 is surrounded by shielding electrodes 5.
  • the shielding electrodes 4, 5 may be conductive or semiconducting. Between the high voltage resistor 2 and the
  • Shielding electrodes 4 create capacitances 6.
  • the capacitances 6 are determined by the geometric conditions and their value fluctuates within a production batch of voltage dividers for technological reasons. Accordingly, capacitances 7 arise between the high-voltage resistor 2 and the shielding electrodes 5. In addition, a capacitance 7 is formed between the undervoltage resistor 3 and the shielding electrodes 5.
  • FIG. 2 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of the voltage divider 1 from FIG. 1. Therein, the high-voltage resistor 2 is replaced by upper voltage partial resistors 12. The capacitors 6, 7 of the shielding electrodes 4, 5 are shown as capacitors 6, 7. The high voltage resistor 3 is replaced by the lower voltage part resistors 13.
  • the capacitors 6, 7 are connected to the upper voltage part resistors 12 and the lower voltage part resistors 13 in the form of a chain conductor.
  • the members of the chain conductor each comprise a high-voltage partial resistance 12 and a capacitor 6 or an undervoltage sub-resistor 13 and a capacitor 7.
  • the ohmic divider is actually a mixed RC divider in accordance with this simplified equivalent circuit diagram, the transmission ratio of the voltage divider becomes frequency-dependent and load-dependent. This results in the consequence of a frequency dependence of the error behavior. This is unacceptable for many applications, especially in the field of drive technology.
  • FIG. 3 shows the equivalent circuit diagram of the voltage divider from FIG. 2 according to the invention, supplemented by a compensation network 14.
  • the compensation network 14 is connected in parallel to the ground-side output contact 9 and the voltage-side output contact 10 of the voltage divider 1.
  • Compensating network 14 has an input node 16, a three-pole center node 17 and a three-pole output node 18 between the voltage-side output contact 10 of the voltage divider 1 and the voltage-side network output 15.
  • the input node 16 is connected to the voltage-side output contact of the voltage divider 1, to a resistor R8 and to a resistor R9.
  • the center node 17 is connected to the resistor R9, the resistor R10 and to the output node 18.
  • the output node 18 is connected on the one hand to the central node 17, on the other hand to the voltage-side network output 15 and the capacitor C8. Earth side, the resistor R8, the capacitances C7 and C8 are each connected to the earth 11.
  • a voltage divider according to the invention is proposed in a frequency range which is very wide compared with the prior art, for example up to 1,000 Hz. which has a substantially constant transmission ratio within measurement and error limits given for measurement purposes.
  • Compensation network 14 shown supplemented Compared to the compensation network 14 shown in FIG. 3, the compensation network 14 shown in FIG. 4 differs in that a double-T filter 19 is connected between the center node 17 and the output node 18 of the compensation network 14.
  • the double-T filter 19 consists of the ohmic resistors R11, R12 and the capacitances C11 and the resistor R14.
  • the aforementioned elements form a first T-filter 20 of the double-T filter 19.
  • the ohmic resistor R11 is connected to the central node 17 and the ohmic resistor R12 connected to the output node. From the intermediate node 21 of the first T-filter 20 of the double T-filter 19 is connected in series, the capacitance C11 and the resistor R14 to ground 11 from.
  • the second T-filter 22 within the double-T filter 19 consists of the capacitances C9, C10, C13 and the resistor R13.
  • the capacitances C9, C10 form the connection between the center node 17 and the output node 18.
  • the intermediate node 23 of the second T-filter located between the capacitances C9 and C10 on the one hand the ohmic resistor R13 and, on the other hand, the capacitor C13 connected in parallel with it 11 off.
  • the first T-filter 20 is used for the correction of low frequencies
  • the second T-filter 22 is used for the correction of high frequencies.
  • Compensation network 14 according to the invention according to FIG. 4 allows compensation to be achieved in an even larger frequency range up to about 10,000 Hz. Within this frequency range, a constant transmission ratio of the voltage divider 1 with great advantage for the applications is ensured within error limits suitable for measurement purposes.
  • a third preferred embodiment of the voltage divider according to the invention is shown in the diagram.
  • the compensation network 14 consists of a chain conductor.
  • a link of the chain conductor consists of a voltage-side ohmic resistor R15, an intermediate node 24 and an earth lead 25, which is guided from the intermediate node 24 via a resistor R20 and a series-connected capacitance C12 to the earth 11.
  • the chain ladder consists of five such chain links.
  • the ohmic resistor R8 is connected from the input node 16 to ground 11.
  • FIG. 6 shows a flowchart which illustrates the implementation of the method according to the invention for improving an ohmic voltage divider according to the invention.
  • a selection step 26 a selection of voltage dividers, which are not yet equipped with a compensation network according to the invention, is made.
  • the frequency response z. B measured in the frequency interval from 0 to 10,000 Hz.
  • the transmission ratio for each of the selected voltage divider over the entire frequency range from 0 to 10,000 Hz in terms of magnitude and phase is determined.
  • the frequency responses measured in the measurement procedure 27 are subsequently transferred to the error determination procedure 28.
  • the frequency response is compared with the phase and frequency error specifications.
  • the output of the error detection procedure 28 is therefore for each voltage divider required over the entire design frequency space compensation.
  • the compensation calculation procedure 29 using all known filter design algorithms for each voltage divider, the network required to compensate for the error detected in the error detection procedure 28 is determined. In doing so, the compensation calculation procedure can perform both the circuit topology and the calculation of values for the ohmic resistances and capacitances.
  • the required compensation network is set up on the basis of the calculated compensation.
  • the voltage divider is constructed with that in the compensation calculation procedure 29 Measure compensation network again in a measurement procedure 27 with respect to the frequency response.
  • the measured values are again compared in an error detection procedure 28 with the error default values.
  • the comparison values are passed to query 30, where it is decided whether the measured frequency response is acceptable or not. If this is negated 31, then a new error detection procedure 28 is performed and the above steps consisting of compensation calculation procedure 29 and subsequent measurement procedure 27 are repeated.
  • a compensation board for realizing the compensation network determined during the last pass of the compensation calculation procedure 29 is built and installed in the voltage divider.
  • the method can be realized in a particularly cost-effective manner if, according to the invention, the frequency responses ascertained in the context of the measurement procedure 27 for a plurality of voltage dividers are grouped into groups of similar frequency response.
  • the appropriate compensation network can be determined in accordance with the error specifications, and being constructed. Then a compensation board can be built for the determined compensation network of each group.
  • the compensation boards for each of the groups can be prefabricated with great advantage as Kompensationsnetztechnikmodule already.
  • Compensating network modules which are already available as a board, are installed. This exploits the fact that even with a finite number of compensation networks in practice sufficient error behavior over the design frequency range is possible. This has great advantages for manufacturing, logistics and as a result the costs.
  • a method for improving an ohmic voltage divider according to the invention is proposed with which voltage dividers can be produced surprisingly simply, which lie over a very wide frequency range with respect to phase and magnitude within for carrying out measurements of suitable error limits.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un diviseur de tension (1) comprenant au moins une résistance à haute tension (2) et au moins une résistance à basse tension (3) permettant de produire une basse tension (U2) et une haute tension dans un rapport de transmission donné. L'invention vise à créer un tel diviseur de tension ayant un rapport de transmission indépendant de la fréquence dans un rapport de fréquence le plus large possible de telle façon que le diviseur de tension puisse être utilisé dans une plage de fréquence la plus grande possible dans des limites d'erreur données notamment aux fins de mesure. A cet effet, un réseau de compensation (14) monté en parallèle à une résistance à une basse tension (3) présente un contact de sortie (15) doté d'une côté terre et d'un côté tension.
PCT/EP2005/009858 2004-10-16 2005-09-14 Diviseur de tension WO2006039976A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004050469.5 2004-10-16
DE200410050469 DE102004050469A1 (de) 2004-10-16 2004-10-16 Spannungsteiler

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006039976A1 true WO2006039976A1 (fr) 2006-04-20

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Family Applications (1)

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PCT/EP2005/009858 WO2006039976A1 (fr) 2004-10-16 2005-09-14 Diviseur de tension

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DE (1) DE102004050469A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006039976A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2975414A1 (fr) * 2014-07-18 2016-01-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Solution redondante de sorties sur un diviseur de tension résistif-capacitif
CN107064601A (zh) * 2017-03-20 2017-08-18 杭州零尔电力科技有限公司 一种电子式电压互感器
CN112730941A (zh) * 2019-10-14 2021-04-30 南澳电气(武汉)有限公司 一种5400kV高精度纯电阻雷电脉冲冲击电阻分压器

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US3839603A (en) * 1972-05-22 1974-10-01 Stromberg Carlson Corp Ring trip circuit employing a parallel-t filter network
DE3714945A1 (de) * 1986-05-09 1987-11-12 Koch & Sterzel Kg Frequenzunabhaengiger kapazitiv-ohmscher spannungsteiler zum messen von hochspannungen in mittel- und hochfrequenten roentgengeneratoren
EP0815454B1 (fr) * 1995-03-13 1999-01-27 Duromer Kunststoffverarbeitungs-GmbH Transformateur de tension
US6285095B1 (en) * 2000-01-20 2001-09-04 National Instruments Corporation Automatic compensation of an AC attenuator using a digital to capacitance converter
EP1400904A2 (fr) * 2002-08-29 2004-03-24 Anadigm, Inc. Appareil et procéde pour la synthèse et la conception de circuits et filtres

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DE1155820B (de) * 1960-03-01 1963-10-17 Fernseh Gmbh Elektrischer Spannungsteiler, vorzugsweise fuer impulsfoermige Spannungen, in Geraeten der elektrischen Nachrichtentechnik
US3231816A (en) * 1962-02-12 1966-01-25 Ideal Ind Voltage, polarity and frequency tester having compensating network for response to eiher direct or alternating voltage
DE2037828A1 (de) * 1970-07-30 1972-02-03 Licentia Gmbh Spannungsteiler besonders für hohe Spannungen
DE2740244A1 (de) * 1977-09-07 1979-03-15 Bosch Gmbh Robert Aktives tiefpassfilter
US4418314A (en) * 1980-10-20 1983-11-29 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army High impedance fast voltage probe
US5107201A (en) * 1990-12-11 1992-04-21 Ogle John S High voltage oscilloscope probe with wide frequency response

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3839603A (en) * 1972-05-22 1974-10-01 Stromberg Carlson Corp Ring trip circuit employing a parallel-t filter network
DE3714945A1 (de) * 1986-05-09 1987-11-12 Koch & Sterzel Kg Frequenzunabhaengiger kapazitiv-ohmscher spannungsteiler zum messen von hochspannungen in mittel- und hochfrequenten roentgengeneratoren
EP0815454B1 (fr) * 1995-03-13 1999-01-27 Duromer Kunststoffverarbeitungs-GmbH Transformateur de tension
US6285095B1 (en) * 2000-01-20 2001-09-04 National Instruments Corporation Automatic compensation of an AC attenuator using a digital to capacitance converter
EP1400904A2 (fr) * 2002-08-29 2004-03-24 Anadigm, Inc. Appareil et procéde pour la synthèse et la conception de circuits et filtres

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2975414A1 (fr) * 2014-07-18 2016-01-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Solution redondante de sorties sur un diviseur de tension résistif-capacitif
WO2016008795A1 (fr) * 2014-07-18 2016-01-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Solutions redondantes de sorties sur un diviseur de tension rc
AU2015289307B2 (en) * 2014-07-18 2017-12-14 Hsp Hochspannungsgeräte Gmbh Redundant solution of outputs on a RC voltage divider
US10630074B2 (en) 2014-07-18 2020-04-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Redundant solution of outputs on a RC voltage divider
CN107064601A (zh) * 2017-03-20 2017-08-18 杭州零尔电力科技有限公司 一种电子式电压互感器
CN112730941A (zh) * 2019-10-14 2021-04-30 南澳电气(武汉)有限公司 一种5400kV高精度纯电阻雷电脉冲冲击电阻分压器
CN112730941B (zh) * 2019-10-14 2022-05-27 南澳电气(武汉)有限公司 一种5400kV高精度纯电阻雷电脉冲冲击电阻分压器

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