WO2006025511A1 - Hydrogen generating composition - Google Patents
Hydrogen generating composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006025511A1 WO2006025511A1 PCT/JP2005/016061 JP2005016061W WO2006025511A1 WO 2006025511 A1 WO2006025511 A1 WO 2006025511A1 JP 2005016061 W JP2005016061 W JP 2005016061W WO 2006025511 A1 WO2006025511 A1 WO 2006025511A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- generating composition
- hydrogen
- particles
- water
- hydrogen generating
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/06—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
- C01B3/10—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/06—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
- C01B3/08—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents with metals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hydrogen generating composition which generates a hydrogen gas effectively by supplying water (including water vapor) to aluminum, and is useful, particularly, in a hydrogen generating apparatus for supplying hydrogen to a fuel cell.
- a hydrogen generating composition which can stably produce hydrogen at a normal temperature
- a hydrogen generating composition containing an aluminum powder and a calcium oxide powder in which a ratio of the aluminum powder is 85% by weight or less per 100% by weight of the sum of the aluminum powder and the calcium oxide powder has been known (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.2004-231466) .
- the powder having a particle size distribution of 50 to 150 ⁇ m is preferably used as an aluminum powder.
- this hydrogen generating composition since a content of calcium oxide is large, calcium oxide is converted into calcium hydroxide by a reaction with water, an amount of a produced calcium ion is increased, therefore, it is hardly said that this is a suitable method as a method of generating a hydrogen gas to be supplied to a fuel cell. That is, it was found out that when an amount of a produced calcium ion is increased, a large amount of the ion is contained in water contained in a produced hydrogen gas, the calcium ion together with a hydrogen gas reaches a solid electrolyte of a fuel cell, and causes a problem of suppression of proton conducting function.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen generating composition which can generate a hydrogen gas effectively and at a high reaction rate at around room temperature, particularly, the produced hydrogen gas hardly suppressing proton conducting function of a solid electrolyte.
- the present inventors intensively studied, and found out that, by reducing a particle diameter of aluminum particles, and adding aggregation suppressing particles, a sufficient reaction yield can be attained even when an amount of calcium oxide is reduced, and a concentration of a calcium ion contained in a hydrogen gas can be reduced, which resulted in completion of the present invention.
- the hydrogen generating composition of the present invention comprises aluminum particles having an average particle diameter of 40 ⁇ m or less, 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of an alkaline inorganic compound, and 0.1 to 30 parts by weight of aggregation suppressing particles, the each part being relative to 100 parts by weight of the aluminum particles .
- the hydrogen generating composition of the present invention since the aluminum particles have an average particle diameter of 40 ⁇ m or less, and 0.1 to 30 parts by weight of aggregation suppressing particles are contained, a sufficient reaction rate can be attained even when an amount of calcium oxide is 0.1 to 10 parts by weight and a concentration of a calcium ion contained in a produced hydrogen gas can be lowered.
- the aggregation suppressing particles by addition of the aggregation suppressing particles, aggregation and solidification of the aluminum particles and aluminum oxide can be suppressed, and a higher reaction yield can be attained.
- the hydrogen generating composition which can generate efficiently a hydrogen gas at around room temperature at a high reaction yield, the generated hydrogen gas hardly suppressing proton conducting function of a solid electrolyte, can be provided.
- the alkaline inorganic compound is calcium oxide, and the aggregation suppressing particles is carbon black.
- the hydrogen generating composition of the present invention is a tablet in which a particle mixture is densified, in order to enhance a hydrogen generation amount per unit volume while a reaction rate and a reaction yield of hydrogen generation are sufficiently maintained.
- a density is 0.4 to l.Og/cm 3 .
- Fig.l is a graph showing changes in a reaction yield with time obtained from an amount of a generated hydrogen gas in Examples and Comparative Examples.
- Fig.2 is a graph showing changes in an amount of a generated hydrogen gas with time in Examples 5 to 7.
- the hydrogen generating composition of the present invention contains 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of an alkaline inorganic compound, and 0.1 to 30 parts by weight of aggregation suppressing particles relative to 100 parts by weight of aluminum particles of an average particle diameter of 40 ⁇ m or less.
- Aluminum particles have an average particle diameter of 40 ⁇ m or less, preferably 1 to 15 ⁇ m.
- an average diameter is smaller than 1 ⁇ m, there is a tendency that manufacturing becomes difficult, secondary aggregation occurs, reduction in a surface area is remarkable by sintering upon temperature raising, and therefore hydrogen generation is reduced.
- an average particle diameter exceeds 40 ⁇ m, a reaction yield becomes insufficient unless a content of calcium oxide is increased.
- aluminum particles are prepared by an atomizing method.
- an oxidized surface later is removed.
- various commercially available aluminum particles can be used.
- a content of aluminum particles is preferably 50 to 99.5% by weight, more preferably 70 to 90% by weight in a hydrogen generating composition.
- a content of aluminum particles is less than 50% by weight, there is a tendency that a total generation amount of a hydrogen gas becomes insufficient.
- an alkaline inorganic compound examples include oxide, hydroxide and carbonate of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal, and an alkaline inorganic compound is preferably one or more kinds selected from the group consisting of calcium oxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, borax, sodium carbonate, and calcium carbonate.
- An alkaline inorganic compound can be added as particles, or by a method of making the compound carried in other particles.
- an average particle diameter thereof is preferably 1 to 50 ⁇ m.
- an average particle diameter of alkaline inorganic compound particles is less than 1 ⁇ m, there is a tendency that a hydrogen generation time is delayed.
- the average particle diameter exceeds 50 ⁇ m there is a tendency that particles are vigorously reacted with water to produce the heat, and a large amount of water is used.
- examples of a method of making an alkaline inorganic compound carried in other particles include a method of mixing the other particles such as carbon black or aluminum oxide in a dispersion or an solution of an alkaline inorganic compound and, thereafter, drying this, thereby, making the compound carried in other particles.
- a content of an alkaline inorganic compound is 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 5 parts by weight, more preferably 1 to 1.5 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of aluminum particles.
- a content of an alkaline inorganic compound is less than 0.1 part by weight, a reaction rate and a reaction yield cannot be improved.
- the content exceeds 10 parts by weight, a large amount of calcium ion is contained in a produced hydrogen gas, thereby, proton conducting function of a solid electrolyte is suppressed.
- aggregation suppressing particles fine particles which are inert to a hydrogen generation reaction can be used, and it is preferable that aggregation suppressing particles is one or more kinds selected from the group consisting of carbon black, silica, cerium oxide, aluminum oxide, and titanium oxide. Among them, carbon black is particularly preferable in order to enhance aggregation suppressing effect.
- aggregation suppressing particles are contained at 0.1 to 30 parts by weight, preferably 10 to 25 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the aluminum particles.
- a content of aggregation suppressing particles is less than 0.1 part by weight, there is a tendency that the effect of suppressing aggregation adhesion of aluminum particles is reduced. And it becomes difficult to attain a high reaction yield.
- the content exceeds 30 parts by weight, a content of aluminumparticles is reduced relatively, and there is a tendency that a total generation amount of a hydrogen gas is insufficient.
- carbon black any carbon black such as channel black, thermal black, acetylene black, kechen black, and furnace black can be used.
- carbon black there is hydrophilized carbon black, but in order to enhance aggregation suppressing effect, untreated hydrophobic carbon black is preferably used in the present invention. Alternatively, these are used tomake calcium oxide to be carried.
- An average primary particle diameter of carbon black is preferably 0.01 to 0.5 ⁇ m.
- active carbon or zeolite may be further added.
- active carbon include coconut shell carbon, charcoal, and peat carbon, and active carbon acts also as a water retention agent. It is preferable that active carbon has iodide adsorbing performance of 800 to 1200 mg/g.
- an inorganic electrolyte may be added.
- chloride of an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, and a heavymetal, and sulfate of an alkali metal are preferable and, for example, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, ferric chloride, and sodium sulfate are used.
- the hydrogen generating composition of the present invention may be a powdery mixture, or may be densified mixture such as a pellet and a tablet obtained by densifying bypressing. By performing such the densification, a hydrogen generation amount per unit volume can be increased.
- a density in order to maintain a reaction rate and a reaction yield of hydrogen generation, a density is preferably 0.4 to 1.5 g/cm 3 , and it is more preferably that a density is 0.7 to 1.1 g/cm 3 .
- the pressing can be performed by pressing a powdery mixture until such the density is obtained.
- a hydrogen generation method using the hydrogen generating composition of the present invention generates a hydrogen gas by supplying water to the hydrogen generating composition of the present invention.
- Water can be supplied as a liquid or a gas (water vapor) .
- a hydrogen generating composition is filled in a sealed container (a hydrogen generating composition may be held by an absorbent cotton or a non-woven fabric) , and a hydrogen gas may be supplied to a fuel cell via a tube connected to a sealed container while water is supplied with a syringe pump or a micropump.
- a sealed container may be heated,
- a reaction temperature upon hydrogen generation is preferably 30 to 9O 0 C, more preferably 35 to 50 0 C.
- the hydrogen generating method of the present invention can generate a hydrogen gas at around room temperature, efficiently, and at a high reaction yield, and a produced hydrogen gas hardly suppresses proton conducting function of a solid electrolyte
- the method is preferably used in utility of supplying a generated hydrogen gas to a fuel cell.
- Carbon black manufactured by Cabot Corporation: Vulcan XC-72R, average particle diameter 20 nm
- calcium oxide (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., A-12112, powder reagent) 0.015 g and 1 cc of water were placed into a 20 cc beaker and mixed, and the mixture was placed into a dryer at 6O 0 C, and allowed to stand for 6 hours to dry it, thereby to prepare carbon black carrying calcium oxide.
- Example 5 According to the same manner as that of Example 5 except that the powdery hydrogen generating composition obtained in Example 5 was formulated into a tablet having a density of 0.48 g/ml by pressing, a hydrogen generating composition was prepared, and a hydrogen generation amount was measured. A change with time in a hydrogen generation amount thereupon is shown in Fig.2. As a result, as shown in Fig.2, even when a volume was densified to a half, a hydrogen generation amount was almost the same as compared with a powdery generating composition.
- Example 5 According to the same manner as that of Example 5 except that the powdery hydrogen generating composition obtained in Example 5 was formulated into a tablet having a density of 0.97 g/ml by pressing, a hydrogen generating composition was prepared, and a hydrogen generation amount was measured. A change with time in a hydrogen generation amount thereupon is shown in Fig.2. As a result, as shown in Fig.2, even when a volume was densified to 1/4, a hydrogen generation amount was approximately the same as that of the powdery generating composition until 100 minutes passed.
- a powdery hydrogen generating composition was prepared from Ig of an aluminum powder, 0.18 g of carbon black, and 0.015 g of calcium oxide, and 10 ml of water was added to a beaker to react them. After completion of the reaction, remaining water was diluted 1000-fold, a calcium concentration was measured by induction-coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS), and it was fount to be 12, 500 ng/ml as expressed by a concentration before dilution.
- ICP-MS induction-coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05776651A EP1805105A1 (en) | 2004-08-30 | 2005-08-26 | Hydrogen generating composition |
US11/661,230 US7771612B2 (en) | 2004-08-30 | 2005-08-26 | Hydrogen generating composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004-249944 | 2004-08-30 | ||
JP2004249944A JP2006066323A (en) | 2004-08-30 | 2004-08-30 | Cell of fuel cell |
JP2005162323A JP2006335603A (en) | 2005-06-02 | 2005-06-02 | Hydrogen generating agent and hydrogen generating method |
JP2005-162323 | 2005-06-02 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006025511A1 true WO2006025511A1 (en) | 2006-03-09 |
Family
ID=35159896
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2005/016061 WO2006025511A1 (en) | 2004-08-30 | 2005-08-26 | Hydrogen generating composition |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7771612B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1805105A1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20070050479A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006025511A1 (en) |
Cited By (7)
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EP1749796A1 (en) * | 2005-07-25 | 2007-02-07 | Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. | Method for generating hydrogen gas |
CN102397785A (en) * | 2010-09-09 | 2012-04-04 | 柳林军 | Silicon-hydrogen energy catalyst |
US20130039846A1 (en) * | 2010-04-27 | 2013-02-14 | Toshiharu Fukai | Method for producing hydrogen |
EP2832685A4 (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2015-09-02 | Hitachi Shipbuilding Eng Co | Continuous production method for hydrogen |
EP2832684A4 (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2015-09-09 | Hitachi Shipbuilding Eng Co | Hydrogen production method |
US9359199B2 (en) | 2007-03-20 | 2016-06-07 | Jung-Tae Park | Apparatus for generating hydrogen gas using composition for generating hydrogen gas and composition for generating hydrogen gas |
GB2569381A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2019-06-19 | Ihod Ltd | Fuel compositions |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20080292541A1 (en) * | 2005-11-10 | 2008-11-27 | Hiromaito Co. Ltd. | Hydrogen Generating Agent and Use Thereof |
CN101953007B (en) * | 2008-05-26 | 2014-05-28 | 罗姆股份有限公司 | Fuel cell and method of manufacture thereof |
JP4744641B1 (en) * | 2010-10-18 | 2011-08-10 | ミズ株式会社 | Device for adding hydrogen to biological fluids |
RU2473460C2 (en) * | 2011-04-26 | 2013-01-27 | Федеральное государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Национальный исследовательский ядерный университет "МИФИ" (НИЯУ МИФИ) | Hydroreactive composition for obtaining hydrogen by chemical decomposition of mineralised and sewage water |
GB2491355A (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2012-12-05 | Inova Power Ltd | Metal and sodium hydr(oxide) composite powder for hydrogen generation |
AU2012287009B2 (en) | 2011-07-25 | 2018-01-18 | H2 Catalyst, Llc | Methods and systems for producing hydrogen |
US10449532B2 (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2019-10-22 | H2 Catalyst, Llc | Catalysts and fuels for producing hydrogen |
KR102258741B1 (en) | 2019-12-24 | 2021-06-01 | 주식회사 패트리온 | Metal fuel production method and composition thereof for hydrogen production |
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WO1999028411A1 (en) * | 1997-12-02 | 1999-06-10 | Alutech Ltd. | Oxygen-scavenging compositions |
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WO2004052775A1 (en) * | 2002-12-12 | 2004-06-24 | Erling Reidar Andersen | Method for producing hydrogen |
JP2004231466A (en) * | 2003-01-30 | 2004-08-19 | Uchiya Thermostat Kk | Hydrogen generating material and method and apparatus for generating hydrogen |
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WO2006072115A2 (en) * | 2004-12-31 | 2006-07-06 | Hydrogen Power, Inc. | Method and composition for production of hydrogen |
KR100837291B1 (en) * | 2005-01-07 | 2008-06-11 | 히다치 막셀 가부시키가이샤 | Hydrogen generating material, hydrogen generator and fuel cell |
WO2007010897A1 (en) * | 2005-07-20 | 2007-01-25 | Hitachi Maxell, Ltd. | Hydrogen-generating material and process for producing hydrogen-generating material |
US20070020174A1 (en) * | 2005-07-25 | 2007-01-25 | Jianguo Xu | Method for generating hydrogen gas |
JP5160414B2 (en) * | 2006-05-09 | 2013-03-13 | アクアフェアリー株式会社 | Charger |
WO2008027524A2 (en) * | 2006-08-30 | 2008-03-06 | Hydrogen Power Inc. | Production of hydrogen from aluminum and water |
CN101152956A (en) * | 2006-09-29 | 2008-04-02 | 日立麦克赛尔株式会社 | Hydrogen producing apparatus, fuel cell system and electronic equipment |
US20080128655A1 (en) * | 2006-12-05 | 2008-06-05 | Diwakar Garg | Process and apparatus for production of hydrogen using the water gas shift reaction |
KR100803074B1 (en) * | 2007-03-20 | 2008-02-18 | 박정태 | Composition for generating hydrogen gas, and apparatus for generating high purity hydrogen gas using thereof |
WO2009151500A1 (en) * | 2008-04-02 | 2009-12-17 | Cedar Ridge Research Llc | Aluminum-alkali hydroxide recyclable hydrogen generator |
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2005
- 2005-08-26 EP EP05776651A patent/EP1805105A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-08-26 WO PCT/JP2005/016061 patent/WO2006025511A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-08-26 KR KR1020077006047A patent/KR20070050479A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-08-26 US US11/661,230 patent/US7771612B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
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WO1999028411A1 (en) * | 1997-12-02 | 1999-06-10 | Alutech Ltd. | Oxygen-scavenging compositions |
US20020037452A1 (en) * | 2000-06-23 | 2002-03-28 | Schmidt David G. | Novel compositions for use in batteries, capacitors, fuel cells and similar devices and for hydrogen production |
US20020048548A1 (en) * | 2000-08-14 | 2002-04-25 | Chaklader Asoke Chandra Das | Hydrogen generation from water split reaction |
WO2004052775A1 (en) * | 2002-12-12 | 2004-06-24 | Erling Reidar Andersen | Method for producing hydrogen |
JP2004231466A (en) * | 2003-01-30 | 2004-08-19 | Uchiya Thermostat Kk | Hydrogen generating material and method and apparatus for generating hydrogen |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 200457, Derwent World Patents Index; Class E36, AN 2004-587247 * |
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Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1749796A1 (en) * | 2005-07-25 | 2007-02-07 | Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. | Method for generating hydrogen gas |
US9359199B2 (en) | 2007-03-20 | 2016-06-07 | Jung-Tae Park | Apparatus for generating hydrogen gas using composition for generating hydrogen gas and composition for generating hydrogen gas |
US20130039846A1 (en) * | 2010-04-27 | 2013-02-14 | Toshiharu Fukai | Method for producing hydrogen |
CN102397785A (en) * | 2010-09-09 | 2012-04-04 | 柳林军 | Silicon-hydrogen energy catalyst |
EP2832685A4 (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2015-09-02 | Hitachi Shipbuilding Eng Co | Continuous production method for hydrogen |
EP2832684A4 (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2015-09-09 | Hitachi Shipbuilding Eng Co | Hydrogen production method |
GB2569381A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2019-06-19 | Ihod Ltd | Fuel compositions |
WO2019137743A1 (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2019-07-18 | Ihod Limited | Composition for generating hydrogen |
CN111788148A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2020-10-16 | 爱霍德有限公司 | Composition for generating hydrogen |
JP2021506724A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2021-02-22 | アイホッド リミテッド | Composition for producing hydrogen |
GB2569381B (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2022-05-04 | Ihod Ltd | Compositions for generating hydrogen |
CN111788148B (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2024-01-26 | 爱霍德有限公司 | Composition for generating hydrogen |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20070050479A (en) | 2007-05-15 |
US20080251753A1 (en) | 2008-10-16 |
EP1805105A1 (en) | 2007-07-11 |
US7771612B2 (en) | 2010-08-10 |
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