WO2006021616A1 - Axial flux induction electric machine - Google Patents
Axial flux induction electric machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006021616A1 WO2006021616A1 PCT/FI2005/000367 FI2005000367W WO2006021616A1 WO 2006021616 A1 WO2006021616 A1 WO 2006021616A1 FI 2005000367 W FI2005000367 W FI 2005000367W WO 2006021616 A1 WO2006021616 A1 WO 2006021616A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- rotor
- frame
- electrical machine
- axial flux
- flux induction
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002648 laminated material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K17/00—Asynchronous induction motors; Asynchronous induction generators
- H02K17/02—Asynchronous induction motors
- H02K17/16—Asynchronous induction motors having rotors with internally short-circuited windings, e.g. cage rotors
- H02K17/20—Asynchronous induction motors having rotors with internally short-circuited windings, e.g. cage rotors having deep-bar rotors
Definitions
- the invention relates to an axial flux induction electrical machine as defined in the preamble of claim 1.
- the invention is chiefly developed to function as a motor, but also different generator embodiments may come into question.
- An axial flux machine as such is not by nature very well applicable as a high-speed induction machine, because the characteristics of an induction machine are usually the best when there are only few poles (two, or four at the maximum) in the machine.
- a two-pole solution is often unsuitable for an axial flux machine, because the end-winding arrangement of the stator winding is not often a functional solution in a two-pole machine. Therefore, also a high-speed axial flux machine has usually to be designed at least as a four-pole configuration.
- the object of the invention in particular is to introduce a novel axial flux induction machine, the configuration of which is simple and compact and which endures also high rotation speeds, above 10,000 rpm, and even above 30,000 rpm, and which can be conveniently integrated with various power tools such as, for instance, pumps, blowers, and compressors.
- the axial flux induction electrical machine of the invention is characterized in what will be presented in claim 1.
- An axial flux induction machine of the invention comprises a frame, a shaft bearing-mounted to the frame, a disc-like rotor supported by the shaft, and a stator comprising a stator winding and supported by the frame on the first side of the rotor in axial direction.
- the disc-like rotor comprises a non-ferromagnetic rotor frame fabricated of a material with high electrical conductivity, the rotor frame comprising uniform inner and outer peripheries and conductor bars fabricated of the same material, the conductor bars galvanically connecting the inner and outer peripheries, and the conductor bars together with the inner and outer peripheries forming in addition to the rotor frame also the cage winding of the rotor.
- the disc-like rotor frame comprises at least one circular plate machined of work-hardened metal sheet .
- the rotor frame is preferably machined of rolled or otherwise , work-hardened aluminium alloy sheet, the electrical conductivity of which is good, being for instance as near as possible to that of pure aluminium, 35 MS/tn, and usually varying between 15-28 MS/m, and the relative permeability of which being « 1.
- Appropriate aluminium alloys are both durable and have a good electrical conductivity. Pure aluminium conducts electricity better than aluminium alloys, but it is mechanically brittle, and therefore its application in high-speed machines cannot be justified. In common induction motors instead, as pure aluminium as possible is often used in casting the cage windings of the rotor of the machine.
- a surprising feature of the invention is the application of appropriately composed aluminium alloy both in the electrically conductive structure and in the actual rotor frame structure.
- application of a suitable copper alloy may similarly come into question.
- this rotor steel is used as a path for the magnetic flux, whereas in the commonly known technique steel parts comprise the load-bearing structures of the rotor.
- strong aluminium or copper in the entire rotor that is, both in the rotor frame and in the short-circuit rings, a firm structure is achieved that endures well also the centrifugal forces caused by the ferromagnetic parts in the rotor.
- the material of a work-hardened frame plate can also be defined as being preferably fabricated of strong, non-ferromagnetic material, with a relative permeability « 1 and with as high conductivity as possible.
- the rotor frame preferably comprises two or a plurality of work-hardened plates joined together. The case-specific number of plates may also be higher, for instance even between 10-20 plates.
- carbon fibre plates can be used on the rotor surface or preferably between the plates of the rotor. Further, in the carbon fibre plates the fibres are preferably oriented to receive the centrifugal forces acting in the direction of the rotor radius. Further, as is well known, the carbon fibre contracts when it warms up, tightening thus the rotor structure in radial direction even more during operation.
- the rotor frame and/or between the rotor plates there are blades or other corresponding motor parts in order to produce the cooling air flow.
- blower blades are integrated into the rotor surface, in which case the blower and the motor rotating it together have as few rotating surfaces as possible. Hence the surface frictions can be minimized, which in high rotation speeds significantly improves the efficiency of the entire configuration.
- the ferromagnetic pieces of the rotor are fabricated of common structural steel, for instance Fe52.
- the saturation flux density of this steel grade is high, and the steel grade is therefore suitable for carrying the magnetic flux through the rotor.
- the material may also be some appropriate composite material with the above described electromagnetic characteristics.
- the ferromagnetic parts it is preferable for the ferromagnetic parts to have a low electrical conductivity. Usually, however, as the electrical conductivity becomes lower in steels, also the saturation flux density becomes lower, and therefore a satisfactory compromise has to be found. In order to reduce iron losses, solid steel parts can also be replaced with laminate materials.
- the paths for the magnetic flux passing through the rotor are constructed by laminating from small pieces of electrical sheet .
- the ferromagnetic pieces are preferably extending in the direction of the radius of the rotor and taking the form of a truncated narrow sector.
- the element for conducting the magnetic flux is a laminated ring or disc fabricated of ferromagnetic material.
- Such an annular or disc-like element is preferably supported to the machine frame, in other words, it is stationary and at an appropriately small air gap distance from the rotating rotor. If there are no windings in the element in question, it comprises in practice the magnetic back part of the rotor, through which the magnetic flux passes over a pole pitch and then returns through the rotor, back to the actual stator.
- An advantage of the element is that when using the element the machine produces very little axial force, because nearly the same magnetic flux flows over both air gaps of the machine.
- annular or disc- like element for the conduction of the magnetic flux is supported to the rotor, that is, it is a part of the rotating rotor.
- a solid steel rotor yoke the function of which again is to carry the flux in the rotor over the pole pitch so that the flux can return back to the stator, can, if desired, be attached on the back surface of the above described rotor. In this case a remarkably high axial force is created, yet it can be accepted in certain embodiments.
- the construction is of special interest due to the fact that in this rotor construction for instance a blower blade or pump blade can be fixed directly to the rotating rotor yoke, thus producing a fully integrated machine solution.
- the magnetic flux of the electrical machine is made to flow over both air gaps, in which case only a marginal amount of axial magnetic net attractive force is produced in the machine. This remarkably simplifies and lightens the bearing required in the machine.
- a precondition for this kind of force balance is however that the magnetic flux is not allowed to flow tangentially in the rotor disc. In the invention this precondition is met by an anisotropic rotor construction. In practice the magnetic flux flows very- directIy through the rotor, yet being tangentially almost non-ferromagnetic. In the rotor there are only ferromagnetic pieces guiding the magnetic flux in axial direction through the rotor from one stator to another.
- the construction of the invention has significant advantages when compared with the known technology.
- the machine configuration as a whole becomes very short, it is easy to integrate with power tools, and it is easy to manufacture.
- the rotor of the invention is very durable when compared with traditional rotor constructions, which enables high rotation speeds.
- FIGURE 1 is a schematic representation of a side view of the first embodiment of the electrical machine of the invention and its rotor from another direction,
- FIGURE 2 is a view similar to FIGURE 1, showing the second embodiment of the invention, FIGURE 3 shows the paths of the current and the magnetic flux of the machine of FIGURE 1,
- FIGURE 4 shows a rotor cage winding of the invention
- FIGURE 5 shows the first embodiment of the ferromagnetic piece to be attached to the cage winding of FIGURE 4,
- FIGURE 6 shows the second embodiment of the ferromagnetic piece to be attached to the cage winding of FIGURE 4
- FIGURE 7 is a view similar to FIGURE 1, showing the third embodiment of the invention
- FIGURE 8 shows a side view of a rotor of the invention.
- FIGURE 1 illustrates an electrical machine of the invention in which there is a shaft 1 rotating with respect to the machine frame, and a disc-like rotor 2 supported to the shaft, the rotor also being viewed from the side.
- a stator 4 supported to the machine frame and comprising a stator winding 3.
- There is a small air gap 14 between the rotor 2 and the stator 4 and after the corresponding air gap 15 on the other side of the rotor there is an element to conduct the magnetic flux, the element being in this embodiment the rotor yoke 5 that is fixed with respect to the frame.
- the rotor yoke 5 may be fabricated of appropriate composite material or it may be spiral laminated from electrical sheet .
- the rotor frame plate 8 is machined of work-hardened, rolled sheet of suitable aluminium alloy or copper alloy.
- the rotor 2 and the stator 4 are similar to the embodiment of FIGURE 1.
- the element 6 to conduct the magnetic flux instead is a construction corresponding to the stator 4, comprising the stator winding 13.
- FIGURE 3 The paths of the magnetic flux and of the current in the machine construction of the electrical machine of FIGURE 1 are indicated in FIGURE 3.
- FIGURE 4 shows a further detailed view of the rotor embodiment of the invention comprising two plates joined together.
- the plates have been machined for instance by precision stamping from work-hardened aluminium alloy sheet.
- the frame plate 8 formed of the cage winding comprises a uniform inner periphery 9 and a uniform outer periphery 10 and conductor bars 11 of the same material, the conductor bars galvanically connecting the peripheries.
- the conductor bars are bars of equal size extending in the direction of the rotor radius, located at even distances between the inner and outer peripheries.
- a plurality of elongated apertures is thus formed at even distances in the direction of the rotor radius, ferromagnetic pieces 12 of the corresponding shape with the apertures being inserted in the apertures and creating paths for the magnetic flux in axial direction through the otherwise non- ferromagnetic frame plate 8 of the rotor 2.
- FIGURE 5a shows an alternative structure of the ferromagnetic piece 12.
- the piece is of the similar shape as the rotor apertures, tapering inwards in the direction of the rotor radius.
- the piece comprises a solid web 16 to be inserted in the rotor aperture, the other end surface of the web comprising a solid support flange 17 fixed with respect to the web and being of larger width than the web.
- the web can thus be fitted in the rotor aperture so that the web fills the aperture completely, the support flange simultaneously preventing the shifting of the web through the aperture.
- a fastening flange 18 corresponding with the support flange is fixed to the web on the other side of the aperture, the fastening flange fastening the ferromagnetic piece 12 to its place.
- the fastening of the fastening flange 18 to the web 16 can be carried out by any suitable method, as for instance by welding, screwing and/or gluing.
- FIGURE 6a illustrates the second alternative structure of the ferromagnetic piece 12.
- thin H-shaped steel laminates have been used, the laminates being stacked one after the other into the rotor aperture. Most of the laminates can be turned and set into place in lock-up position, and only the last few laminates have to be of T-shape in order to set them into place.
- FIGURES 5b and 6b also show alternative constructions for the ferromagnetic pieces 12. Because the relative proportion of iron increases in the rotor towards the outer periphery, and thus the flux density decreases significantly towards the outer periphery, the centrifugal force of the iron part causes also unnecessary stress to the aluminium holding the rotor together. Therefore the iron piece can be lightened without the electromagnetic characteristics of the motor suffering.
- the figures 5b and 6b illustrate sector-shaped inward-tapering lightening apertures 23 or cavities in the webs 16 so that on both sides of the cavity along its full length the web plates are of uniform thickness.
- FIGURE 7 further shows, in a way corresponding to that of FIGURES 1 and 2, the third embodiment of the invention in which a solid ferromagnetic steel plate with teeth fitted in the apertures of the aluminium rotor is fixed to the surface of the rotor 2 on the opposite side of the stator 4 to function as an element 7 to conduct the magnetic flux.
- the ferromagnetic teeth projecting through the aluminium cage of the rotor and the uniform ferromagnetic plate located on the backside of the rotor viewed from the stator together form a path for the magnetic flux.
- the dashed lines in FIGURE 7 further indicate an embodiment of the invention in which blades 19 have been arranged on the outer surface of the steel plate 7 close to its outer periphery.
- blades can be machined to the steel plate or they may be separate structures attached with an appropriate method to the steel plate 7.
- An efficient blower in which the surface friction caused by rotating surfaces has been minimized, is achieved easily and simply by integrating an appropriate housing 20 with the construction. In that case the integrated solution becomes notably more inexpensive than the traditional radial flux configurations.
- FIGURE 8 further illustrates the second embodiment of the invention in which two carbon fibre plates 22 are located between the metal plates.
- These plates increase the radial rigidity of the rotor supporting the surrounding metal plates particularly when the carbon fibres in the plate are appropriately oriented mainly in radial direction. Therefore the rotor endures higher rotation speeds.
- the metal plates function as a load-bearing structure holding the rotor together in radial direction while the ferromagnetic pieces of the FIGURES 5 and 6 arranged to extend through the apertures of the plates hold the plates together in axial direction.
- the invention is not restricted to the embodiments described above as examples, but many variations are possible within the scope of the inventive idea defined by the claims.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
- Induction Machinery (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05777294A EP1794869A4 (en) | 2004-08-25 | 2005-08-25 | Axial flux induction electric machine |
CN2005800280707A CN101006635B (en) | 2004-08-25 | 2005-08-25 | Axial flux induction electric machine |
JP2007528896A JP2008511281A (en) | 2004-08-25 | 2005-08-25 | Axial flux induction electrical device |
US11/574,166 US20080001488A1 (en) | 2004-08-25 | 2005-08-25 | Axial Flux Induction Electric Machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI20041113A FI20041113A0 (en) | 2004-08-25 | 2004-08-25 | Axialflödesinduktionselmaskin |
FI20041113 | 2004-08-25 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006021616A1 true WO2006021616A1 (en) | 2006-03-02 |
Family
ID=32922133
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FI2005/000367 WO2006021616A1 (en) | 2004-08-25 | 2005-08-25 | Axial flux induction electric machine |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20080001488A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1794869A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2008511281A (en) |
CN (1) | CN101006635B (en) |
FI (1) | FI20041113A0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006021616A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008135628A1 (en) * | 2007-05-03 | 2008-11-13 | Axco-Motors Oy | Axial flux induction electrical machine |
JP2009232594A (en) * | 2008-03-24 | 2009-10-08 | Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc | Rotor for rotating electric machine and manufacturing method of rotating electric machine and rotor for rotating electric machine |
DE102015207748A1 (en) | 2015-04-28 | 2016-11-03 | Gkn Sinter Metals Engineering Gmbh | fluid pump |
Families Citing this family (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FI20041113A0 (en) * | 2004-08-25 | 2004-08-25 | Juha Pyrhoenen | Axialflödesinduktionselmaskin |
WO2009115247A1 (en) * | 2008-03-15 | 2009-09-24 | Rainer Marquardt | Low-inertia direct drive having high power density |
DE102009054390B3 (en) * | 2009-11-24 | 2011-06-30 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft, 80333 | Bearing concept for a segment motor |
US20110248593A1 (en) * | 2010-04-13 | 2011-10-13 | John Fiorenza | Permanent Magnet Rotor for Axial Airgap Motor |
JP2013532789A (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2013-08-19 | フアスコ・オーストラリア・プロプライエタリー・リミテツド | Blower assembly and fan housing structure in which motor is incorporated in impeller fan |
US9574568B2 (en) | 2011-10-20 | 2017-02-21 | Henkel IP & Holding GmbH | Double inlet centrifugal blower with a solid center plate |
US9157441B2 (en) | 2011-10-20 | 2015-10-13 | Henkel IP & Holding GmbH | Double inlet centrifugal blower with peripheral motor |
US10655640B1 (en) | 2011-10-20 | 2020-05-19 | Lti Holdings, Inc. | Double inlet centrifugal blower with PCB center plate |
US20140375150A1 (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2014-12-25 | Reginald Miller | High-efficiency compound dielectric motors |
US9017011B2 (en) | 2011-12-29 | 2015-04-28 | Regal Beloit America, Inc. | Furnace air handler blower with enlarged backward curved impeller and associated method of use |
US9777735B2 (en) | 2012-07-20 | 2017-10-03 | Regal Beloit America, Inc. | Blower motor assembly having air directing surface |
US10221855B2 (en) | 2012-07-20 | 2019-03-05 | Regal Beloit America, Inc. | Furnace air handler blower assembly utilizing a motor connected to an impeller fan that is suspended with mounting arms |
EP2728712A1 (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2014-05-07 | Openhydro IP Limited | A power generator for a hydro turbine |
TW201448442A (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2014-12-16 | Arbl Co Ltd | Optically-driven magnetic levitation type power generation module |
RU2685544C2 (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2019-04-22 | Эванс Электрик Пти Лимитед | Rotor for electric machine |
CN113078749B (en) | 2015-08-11 | 2024-04-16 | 詹尼斯移动解决方案公司 | Motor with a motor housing |
US11139707B2 (en) | 2015-08-11 | 2021-10-05 | Genesis Robotics And Motion Technologies Canada, Ulc | Axial gap electric machine with permanent magnets arranged between posts |
DK3402730T3 (en) | 2016-01-11 | 2024-09-16 | Laitram L L C | Belt drive system |
US11043885B2 (en) | 2016-07-15 | 2021-06-22 | Genesis Robotics And Motion Technologies Canada, Ulc | Rotary actuator |
CN106160287A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-11-23 | 精进电动科技(北京)有限公司 | The generating integrated motor of integrated starting and a kind of hybrid powertrain system |
US20180103450A1 (en) * | 2016-10-06 | 2018-04-12 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Devices for reduced overhead paging |
US11081934B2 (en) | 2019-10-30 | 2021-08-03 | Maxwell Motors, Inc. | Fin-cooled axial flux rotating electrical machine, and applications thereof |
US11424666B1 (en) | 2021-03-18 | 2022-08-23 | Maxxwell Motors, Inc. | Manufactured coil for an electrical machine |
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US3296475A (en) * | 1965-09-15 | 1967-01-03 | Louis W Parker | Dynamo-electric machines, and rotors therefor |
US3457445A (en) * | 1967-12-19 | 1969-07-22 | Gen Electric | Laminated rotors and stators with flux barriers for synchronous induction motors and method of making the same |
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- 2004-08-25 FI FI20041113A patent/FI20041113A0/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2005
- 2005-08-25 JP JP2007528896A patent/JP2008511281A/en active Pending
- 2005-08-25 US US11/574,166 patent/US20080001488A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-08-25 WO PCT/FI2005/000367 patent/WO2006021616A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-08-25 EP EP05777294A patent/EP1794869A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-08-25 CN CN2005800280707A patent/CN101006635B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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US3296475A (en) * | 1965-09-15 | 1967-01-03 | Louis W Parker | Dynamo-electric machines, and rotors therefor |
US3457445A (en) * | 1967-12-19 | 1969-07-22 | Gen Electric | Laminated rotors and stators with flux barriers for synchronous induction motors and method of making the same |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See also references of EP1794869A4 * |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008135628A1 (en) * | 2007-05-03 | 2008-11-13 | Axco-Motors Oy | Axial flux induction electrical machine |
JP2009232594A (en) * | 2008-03-24 | 2009-10-08 | Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc | Rotor for rotating electric machine and manufacturing method of rotating electric machine and rotor for rotating electric machine |
DE102015207748A1 (en) | 2015-04-28 | 2016-11-03 | Gkn Sinter Metals Engineering Gmbh | fluid pump |
WO2016174164A1 (en) | 2015-04-28 | 2016-11-03 | Gkn Sinter Metals Engineering Gmbh | Fluid pump |
US11078904B2 (en) | 2015-04-28 | 2021-08-03 | Gkn Sinter Metals Engineering Gmbh | Fluid pump |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1794869A4 (en) | 2010-03-03 |
US20080001488A1 (en) | 2008-01-03 |
CN101006635B (en) | 2010-10-13 |
EP1794869A1 (en) | 2007-06-13 |
FI20041113A0 (en) | 2004-08-25 |
JP2008511281A (en) | 2008-04-10 |
CN101006635A (en) | 2007-07-25 |
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