WO2006015808A1 - Filtering element for aeriform fluids with filaments parallel to the direction of movement of the fluid - Google Patents

Filtering element for aeriform fluids with filaments parallel to the direction of movement of the fluid Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2006015808A1
WO2006015808A1 PCT/EP2005/008501 EP2005008501W WO2006015808A1 WO 2006015808 A1 WO2006015808 A1 WO 2006015808A1 EP 2005008501 W EP2005008501 W EP 2005008501W WO 2006015808 A1 WO2006015808 A1 WO 2006015808A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
filtering element
element according
filaments
fluid
movement
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2005/008501
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Luigi Bontempi
Original Assignee
Sabiana S.P.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sabiana S.P.A. filed Critical Sabiana S.P.A.
Publication of WO2006015808A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006015808A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/10—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/0027—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions
    • B01D46/0032—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions using electrostatic forces to remove particles, e.g. electret filters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/18—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filtering belts
    • B01D46/20—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filtering belts the belts combined with drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/66—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
    • B01D46/79—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by liquid process

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a filtering element for aeriform fluids with filaments extending in a direction parallel to the direction of movement of the fluid to be filtered.
  • this filtering step is performed by passing the air through filters which may be of the mechanical and/or passive electrostatic type and which have, inside them, filtering elements which are substantially composed of fibres and/or filaments of varying nature and origin (mineral, plant, animal and synthetic) and of varying thickness and density and are interwoven so as to form a fabric arranged along the direction of flow of the air in order to retain the pollutants when the latter passes through said elements.
  • filters which may be of the mechanical and/or passive electrostatic type and which have, inside them, filtering elements which are substantially composed of fibres and/or filaments of varying nature and origin (mineral, plant, animal and synthetic) and of varying thickness and density and are interwoven so as to form a fabric arranged along the direction of flow of the air in order to retain the pollutants when the latter passes through said elements.
  • the interwoven filters of the known type also have drawbacks from the point of view of cleaning thereof; their constructional design, the nature of the fibres used and their weave are such that these types of filters cannot be rendered reusable by means of cleaning or washing. These procedures in fact generally cause breakage of the bonds which join the fibres together and therefore the formation of "holes" which permanently impair the performance of the filter.
  • the technical problem which is posed, therefore, is that of providing a filtering element for aeriform fluids which is able to achieve a high filtering capacity, but without a simultaneous loss of head of the moving fluid, thereby enabling the dimensions of the fluid movement apparatus to be kept compact .
  • this filtering element should be able to be washed easily, so that it can be reused many times and should have compact overall dimensions, be easy and inexpensive to produce and assemble and be able to be installed easily inside normal air recirculation apparatus without the need for special adaptation.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a filtering element according to the present invention
  • FIG. 1 shows a side view of the filtering element according to Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross-section along a longitudinal plane of the filtering element according to Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of a second example of embodiment of a filtering element according to the present invention.
  • Figure 5 shows a front view of a filtering element according to the present invention associated with filters of the traditional type.
  • the filtering element according to the invention is essentially formed by thin filaments
  • Said filaments 10 have a predetermined length and cross-section in relation to the filtering capacity required and may be made using materials of a varying nature, with a very small diameter, if they have circular cross-section, or side dimension if they are polygonal.
  • the filaments 10 are preferably inclined along their longitudinal extension from the base 10a to the free tip 10b so as to cause a gradual contraction of the aperture 11 for through-flow of the air, which is thus obliged to flow through the free spaces between the filaments, coming into contact with a large surface area of the filaments 10 which retain the pollutants, allowing the purified air to flow through.
  • the relative arrangements of the filaments may be achieved in various ways and configurations, depending on the constructional design and installation requirements.
  • the fibres 10 are also grouped together at their base 10a which is inserted in retaining seats 20 of varying type and construction, which may, for example, be made of metal, resins, glues, moulded plastic and the like.
  • the filaments 10 may be made of material of varying and differing type depending on the requirements dictated by the chemical/physical nature of the polluting substances present in the air and to be retained.
  • composite filaments made of varying and different materials, or impregnated or lined with catalysing substances able to adsorb, absorb, chemically modify and catalyse the said gaseous substances, will be used.
  • these filaments will be preferably made of synthetic material with a very high electric resistivity in order to favour the natural superficial electrostatic charge thereof resulting from the frictional contact with the passing air molecules which, precisely because of the electrostatic attraction, will remain trapped inside the filtering element.
  • This electrostatic charge may be artificially accentuated by means of the use of high-potential electric fields used during construction of the filtering element.
  • said electrostatic charge may ⁇ be kept stable on the surface of the said fibre, by- means of electric fields generated for this purpose and suitably positioned between the said fibres.
  • the filament air filter will have, internally, suitable polarisation electrodes able to generate the necessary electric fields which will be obtained with the aid of a suitable external electronic apparatus.
  • these filaments may be made of natural (plant, animal or mineral) material, which may eliminate specific problems in each case.
  • these filaments may be lined with specific glues for assisting the process involving adhesion and capturing of the particle substances.
  • Figure 4 shows an example of embodiment of a filtering element according to the invention consisting of a plurality of individual modules arranged alongside each other depending on the dimensions of a base plane
  • the base of the filtering element is in this case realized in the form of a corresponding support which may, for example, be connected to a recirculating apparatus.
  • Fig. 5 shows a further example of use of the filtering element according to the invention which may be associated with a pre-filtering element 60 and/or with a post-filtering element 70 of the traditional type,- in this case it is envisaged that the two entry and exit filters 60,70 have dimensions for retaining large-size particles so that they may be made using fabric with a large mesh which does not reduce excessively the energy of the passing air, while filtration of the particles with a very small size - for example class PM2.5 - will be performed inside the filtering element according to the invention which, as seen, may be designed with a length which is in any case adequate, not causing substantially losses in head of the fluid.
  • the filtering element for aeriform fluids is able to achieve a high filtering capacity, but without the simultaneous loss of head of the moving fluid, thus also allowing the dimensions of the fluid movement apparatus to be kept compact .
  • the filtering element may be frequently washed with little deterioration and reused many times.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)

Abstract

Filtering element for aeriform fluids, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of filaments (10) extending in a longitudinal direction (X-X) parallel to the direction (A) of movement of the fluid to be filtered.

Description

FILTERING ELEMENT FOR AERIFORM FLUIDS WITH FILAMENTS PARALLEL TO THE DIRECTION OF MOVEMENT OF THE FLUID
DESCRIPTION The present invention relates to a filtering element for aeriform fluids with filaments extending in a direction parallel to the direction of movement of the fluid to be filtered.
It is known in the technical sector relating to air ventilation and/or recirculation that there exists the need to subject said air to filtering steps along the path between the intake point and the emission point in order to reduce as far as possible the presence of polluting substances - be they in particle or gaseous form - present in the air emitted.
It is also known that this filtering step is performed by passing the air through filters which may be of the mechanical and/or passive electrostatic type and which have, inside them, filtering elements which are substantially composed of fibres and/or filaments of varying nature and origin (mineral, plant, animal and synthetic) and of varying thickness and density and are interwoven so as to form a fabric arranged along the direction of flow of the air in order to retain the pollutants when the latter passes through said elements.
Although performing their function these filtering elements made of interwoven fibres nevertheless have certain drawbacks which reduce the efficiency thereof; in fact they offer a considerable resistance to the movement of the air which passes through them since they are arranged perpendicularly with respect to the direction of flow; since this resistance is related to their filtering performance, which is all the more efficient the greater the density of the woven material and the smaller their cross-section, it is substantially impossible to optimise both these parameters since a greater filtering capacity produces an equivalent loss of head in the air flow; this results in the corresponding need to design the air movement apparatus with larger dimensions with consequent wasted energy and increased costs.
In addition to this, the interwoven filters of the known type also have drawbacks from the point of view of cleaning thereof; their constructional design, the nature of the fibres used and their weave are such that these types of filters cannot be rendered reusable by means of cleaning or washing. These procedures in fact generally cause breakage of the bonds which join the fibres together and therefore the formation of "holes" which permanently impair the performance of the filter. The technical problem which is posed, therefore, is that of providing a filtering element for aeriform fluids which is able to achieve a high filtering capacity, but without a simultaneous loss of head of the moving fluid, thereby enabling the dimensions of the fluid movement apparatus to be kept compact .
Within the scope of this problem it is also required that this filtering element should be able to be washed easily, so that it can be reused many times and should have compact overall dimensions, be easy and inexpensive to produce and assemble and be able to be installed easily inside normal air recirculation apparatus without the need for special adaptation. These results are obtained according to the present invention by a filtering element for aeriform fluids which comprises a plurality of filaments extending in a longitudinal direction parallel to the direction of movement of the fluid to be filtered. Further details may be obtained from the following description of a non-limiting example of embodiment of the subject of the present invention provided with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
- Figure 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a filtering element according to the present invention;
- Figure 2 shows a side view of the filtering element according to Fig. 1;
- Figure 3 shows a schematic cross-section along a longitudinal plane of the filtering element according to Fig. 1;
- Figure 4 shows a perspective view of a second example of embodiment of a filtering element according to the present invention; and
Figure 5 shows a front view of a filtering element according to the present invention associated with filters of the traditional type.
As shown in Figs. 1-3 for which, solely for the sake of convenience of the description, a longitudinal direction X-X parallel to the direction of movement of the air flow - schematically indicated by the arrows A
- has been adopted, the filtering element according to the invention is essentially formed by thin filaments
10 positioned lengthwise parallel to the longitudinal
■ direction X-X of flow of the passing air. Said filaments 10 have a predetermined length and cross-section in relation to the filtering capacity required and may be made using materials of a varying nature, with a very small diameter, if they have circular cross-section, or side dimension if they are polygonal.
The filaments 10 are preferably inclined along their longitudinal extension from the base 10a to the free tip 10b so as to cause a gradual contraction of the aperture 11 for through-flow of the air, which is thus obliged to flow through the free spaces between the filaments, coming into contact with a large surface area of the filaments 10 which retain the pollutants, allowing the purified air to flow through.
The relative arrangements of the filaments may be achieved in various ways and configurations, depending on the constructional design and installation requirements.
The fibres 10 are also grouped together at their base 10a which is inserted in retaining seats 20 of varying type and construction, which may, for example, be made of metal, resins, glues, moulded plastic and the like.
The filaments 10 may be made of material of varying and differing type depending on the requirements dictated by the chemical/physical nature of the polluting substances present in the air and to be retained.
For this purpose and in the case of polluting substances of the gaseous type, composite filaments made of varying and different materials, or impregnated or lined with catalysing substances able to adsorb, absorb, chemically modify and catalyse the said gaseous substances, will be used.
In the case, however, where the substances to be retained are solid or liquid particles, these filaments will be preferably made of synthetic material with a very high electric resistivity in order to favour the natural superficial electrostatic charge thereof resulting from the frictional contact with the passing air molecules which, precisely because of the electrostatic attraction, will remain trapped inside the filtering element.
This electrostatic charge may be artificially accentuated by means of the use of high-potential electric fields used during construction of the filtering element.
In addition to this, said electrostatic charge may¬ be kept stable on the surface of the said fibre, by- means of electric fields generated for this purpose and suitably positioned between the said fibres.
In this case, the filament air filter will have, internally, suitable polarisation electrodes able to generate the necessary electric fields which will be obtained with the aid of a suitable external electronic apparatus.
Since they are conventional per se, the various means for generating and controlling polarisation are neither described nor illustrated in detail .
In the case of other applications, these filaments may be made of natural (plant, animal or mineral) material, which may eliminate specific problems in each case.
Moreover, these filaments may be lined with specific glues for assisting the process involving adhesion and capturing of the particle substances.
In the case of pollutants of the particle type it will also be possible to reduce suitably the cross- sections of the filaments so as to adapt it to the size of the particles to be retained. It must be emphasized, however, that this reduction in cross-section does not adversely affect the kinetic energy of the air which passes through the filter; the arrangement of the filaments in a position parallel to that of the direction of movement of the fluid does not produce in fact any substantial loss of head of the said fluid, while the filtering capacity, for the same energy and dimensions, is instead greatly increased compared to a transverse filter of the known type, owing to the longer time spent by the fluid inside the filtering element, which, not forming a brake for the movement of the fluid, may be designed with suitable lengthwise dimensions as required.
Figure 4 shows an example of embodiment of a filtering element according to the invention consisting of a plurality of individual modules arranged alongside each other depending on the dimensions of a base plane
50 for forming a volume of predefined dimensions.
It is envisaged, moreover, that the base of the filtering element is in this case realized in the form of a corresponding support which may, for example, be connected to a recirculating apparatus.
Fig. 5, finally, shows a further example of use of the filtering element according to the invention which may be associated with a pre-filtering element 60 and/or with a post-filtering element 70 of the traditional type,- in this case it is envisaged that the two entry and exit filters 60,70 have dimensions for retaining large-size particles so that they may be made using fabric with a large mesh which does not reduce excessively the energy of the passing air, while filtration of the particles with a very small size - for example class PM2.5 - will be performed inside the filtering element according to the invention which, as seen, may be designed with a length which is in any case adequate, not causing substantially losses in head of the fluid.
It is therefore clear how the filtering element for aeriform fluids, according to the present invention, is able to achieve a high filtering capacity, but without the simultaneous loss of head of the moving fluid, thus also allowing the dimensions of the fluid movement apparatus to be kept compact .
In addition to this, owing to its particular configuration, the filtering element may be frequently washed with little deterioration and reused many times.

Claims

1. Filtering element for aeriform fluids, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of filaments (10) extending in a longitudinal direction (X-X) parallel to the direction (A) of movement of the fluid to be filtered.
2. Filtering element according to Claim 1, characterized in that the base (10a) of the filaments (10) is retained inside seats (20) .
3. Filtering element according to Claim 2, characterized in that said seats (20) are made of rigid material .
4. Filtering element according to Claim 1, characterized in that said filaments are arranged inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction (X- X) of movement of the fluid from the base (10a) to the tip (10b) .
5. Filtering element according to Claim 1, characterized in that said filaments have a circular cross-section.
6. Filtering element according to Claim 1, characterized in that said filaments have a polygonal cross-section.
7. Filtering element according to Claim 1, characterized in that said filaments are made of composite material .
8. Filtering element according to Claim 1, characterized in that said filaments are impregnated/lined with catalysing substances.
9. Filtering element according to Claim 1, characterized in that said filaments are made of material with a very high electric resistivity.
10. Filtering element according to Claim 9, characterized in that said filaments are associated with devices for generating electric fields for maintaining the electrostatic charge.
11. Filtering element according to Claim 10, characterized in that said means comprise at least one polarisation electrode associated with electronic control means.
12. Filtering element according to Claim 1, characterized in that said filaments are lined with adhesive materials able to retain the polluting particles.
13. Filtering element according to Claim 1, characterized in that it is of the modular type.
14. Filtering element according to Claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of modules retained by a base (50) extending along a two- dimensional plane.
15. Filtering element according to Claim 1, characterized in that it is associated with an entry filter (60) .
16. Filtering element according to Claim 1, characterized in that it is associated with an exit f ilter ( 70 ) .
17. Filtering element according to Claim 15 or 16, characterized in that said filters (60;70) comprise an interwoven fabric of predefined mesh width.
PCT/EP2005/008501 2004-08-10 2005-08-04 Filtering element for aeriform fluids with filaments parallel to the direction of movement of the fluid WO2006015808A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT001642A ITMI20041642A1 (en) 2004-08-10 2004-08-10 FILTER ELEMENT FOR AERIFORM FLUIDS WITH PARALLEL FILAMENTS AT THE DIRECTION OF MOTORCYCLE OF THE FLUID
ITMI2004A001642 2004-08-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006015808A1 true WO2006015808A1 (en) 2006-02-16

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PCT/EP2005/008501 WO2006015808A1 (en) 2004-08-10 2005-08-04 Filtering element for aeriform fluids with filaments parallel to the direction of movement of the fluid

Country Status (2)

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IT (1) ITMI20041642A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2006015808A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2040845A1 (en) * 2006-07-14 2009-04-01 Freshman AB Air filter arrangement and method for manufacturing the same

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1482474A1 (en) * 1964-03-28 1969-11-27 Riedel Erich O Filter area
WO1998053914A1 (en) * 1997-05-30 1998-12-03 Freshman Ab Filter for separating particles from air
DE20312521U1 (en) * 2003-08-13 2003-10-16 Infratec Niedermair Marchtrenk Sauna has electrode whose surface is covered with natural or synthetic fibers

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1482474A1 (en) * 1964-03-28 1969-11-27 Riedel Erich O Filter area
WO1998053914A1 (en) * 1997-05-30 1998-12-03 Freshman Ab Filter for separating particles from air
DE20312521U1 (en) * 2003-08-13 2003-10-16 Infratec Niedermair Marchtrenk Sauna has electrode whose surface is covered with natural or synthetic fibers

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2040845A1 (en) * 2006-07-14 2009-04-01 Freshman AB Air filter arrangement and method for manufacturing the same
EP2040845A4 (en) * 2006-07-14 2013-05-29 Zehnder Group Nordic Ab Air filter arrangement and method for manufacturing the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITMI20041642A1 (en) 2004-11-10

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