WO2006010525A1 - Method and system for retrieving network addresses in hybrid telecommunication networks - Google Patents

Method and system for retrieving network addresses in hybrid telecommunication networks Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006010525A1
WO2006010525A1 PCT/EP2005/007834 EP2005007834W WO2006010525A1 WO 2006010525 A1 WO2006010525 A1 WO 2006010525A1 EP 2005007834 W EP2005007834 W EP 2005007834W WO 2006010525 A1 WO2006010525 A1 WO 2006010525A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
network
terminal
user equipment
networks
address
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2005/007834
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jos Den Hartog
Ulf Ingemar Ohlsson
Rakesh Taori
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
Original Assignee
Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB filed Critical Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
Priority to JP2007522974A priority Critical patent/JP4728332B2/ja
Priority to US11/572,984 priority patent/US9203970B2/en
Priority to EP05764387.6A priority patent/EP1772003B1/en
Priority to CN2005800257950A priority patent/CN1993972B/zh
Publication of WO2006010525A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006010525A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M7/00—Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres
    • H04M7/0024—Services and arrangements where telephone services are combined with data services
    • H04M7/0027—Collaboration services where a computer is used for data transfer and the telephone is used for telephonic communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/64—Hybrid switching systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H04L61/45—Network directories; Name-to-address mapping
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/1066—Session management
    • H04L65/1101—Session protocols
    • H04L65/1104—Session initiation protocol [SIP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/10—Architectures or entities
    • H04L65/1016—IP multimedia subsystem [IMS]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/12—Messaging; Mailboxes; Announcements
    • H04W4/14—Short messaging services, e.g. short message services [SMS] or unstructured supplementary service data [USSD]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02—Terminal devices
    • H04W88/06—Terminal devices adapted for operation in multiple networks or having at least two operational modes, e.g. multi-mode terminals

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to telecommunications systems, such as fixed, wireless or hybrid communication systems, having a packet- and circuit- switched architecture denoted as combinational networks. More particularly, the present invention facilitates a method for retrieving addressing information and terminal capabilities of User Equipment connected to the combinational network.
  • GSM Global System for Mobile communications
  • GSM General Packet Radio
  • GPRS Universal Mobile Telecommunication System
  • UMTS Global System for Mobile communications
  • CS Circuit Switched
  • PS Switched
  • the PS end-to-end connectivity with its terminal capabilities for transmission of a wide range of data types may be used for offering multimedia services such as, image, music and video transfer.
  • the CS connectivity provides a reliable link between two User Equipment by means of one or more trusted network nodes with a reliable and defined Quality of
  • QoS Quality of Service
  • Combinational networks where two or more links of different type to one or more User Equipment or terminals are established, are capable to deploy both CS and PS connectivity to a User Equipment, thereby enabling services which perform their activity through PS-communication sessions, denoted as PS-sessions, and CS communication sessions, denoted as CS calls .
  • DTM Dual Transfer Mode
  • GSM/GPRS networks will be available; these types of terminals provide support for simultaneous CS- and PS-connectivity.
  • Radio Access Networks in operation and therefore existing CS bearers are used for delivering conversational voice.
  • a single PS bearer is used for conversational voice and multimedia.
  • DTM terminals today-, and UMTS terminals in the future will deliver support for simultaneous CS- and PS-connectivity.
  • A-party browses Internet (establish a PS-session) while talking to another party, denoted here as B-party, via a voice- call via a CS network.
  • B-party another party
  • the ongoing CS-call is related to the ongoing PS-session.
  • the A-party which has an ongoing CS-call with the B-party, sends a picture showing how beautiful the snow outside the house looks, while talking about the weather
  • the picture transferred in a PS-session and the ongoing CS-call are related from the A-party 1 S perspective.
  • the PS- session though, can be established in such a way that it is functionally identical to an uncorrelated web-browsing session.
  • A-party calls, by means of a CS-call, the B-party by using B-party's name from an address book, related to the CS-network.
  • the A-party needs to post a picture to the B-party, while talking to the B-party, the A-party has to browse through his/her "PS address book" to transfer the picture.
  • a PS- session is established with the B-party, completely independent of the ongoing CS-call. In this example, there is no interaction between the user interfaces, or the network components - the correlation takes place in the users' head.
  • the A-party had the possibility to send the picture to the B-party - the B- Party from the CS address book.
  • the A-party should have a possibility to choose: "Send the picture to my CS-call partner" such that the A-party is relieved from having to browse any address book.
  • a service residing in the network, and/or client software in the terminal or User Equipment becomes aware (or is made aware) of the relation between the CS-call and the PS- session
  • the CS-call and PS-session become correlated from that service' viewpoint, and a service thus provided is referred to as a combinational service.
  • An important issue in the combinational service is addressing, i.e. "How to get the address of the PS-domain part of the B-party's phone, terminal or User Equipment?"
  • GUI Graphical User Interface
  • the problem to be solved is: (1) how can the A-party get the PS-session addressing information of the B-party and the PS- session terminal capabilities of the B-party 1 s terminal or User Equipment (the terminal of the "CS-call partner") , when a CS- call is established or after a CS-call has been established between the A-party and the B-party, and (2) how can the B-party get the PS-session addressing information of the A-party and the PS-session terminal capabilities of the A-party 1 S terminal or User Equipment?
  • the object is achieved by the present invention by means of a method executed by the User Equipment where the PS-network address is retrieved of the CS-call partner's User Equipment, within a telecommunication system comprising the CS-network and the one or more PS-networks, and where the User Equipment are both connected to the same CS- and PS networks, each connection associated with a network address.
  • the PS-network address of the CS-call partner's User Equipment is requested/retrieved via the CS-network or via the PS-network to/from the CS-call partner's User Equipment.
  • the request is received by the CS-call partner's User Equipment and the PS-network address is looked up and sent back to the requesting User Equipment.
  • a network service is requested for the PS-network address of the CS-call partner's User Equipment.
  • the B-party In order to reach the B-party in a PS-domain, the B-party must be registered in the PS-domain. In the presented solution different levels of addressing are involved. To reach the B- party's User Equipment at the Internet Protocol (IP) layer, the IP address of the B-party is needed. To set up a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) session with B-party's User Equipment, the SIP secure [SIPs, Internet Engineering Task Force, RFC 3261 ch.19.1] Unified Resource Identifier (URI) is needed. For a SIP service, for example presence, a service identifier, the presence URI, is needed. In the present document, these different identifiers are collectively referred to as PS-domain identifiers. Registrations may be needed at each level.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • URI Unified Resource Identifier
  • the invention provides a solution to the problem of retrieving the PS-domain identifiers such as the PS-network addresses and the UE' s terminal capabilities by having the A- party User Equipment query a network service or B-party"s User Equipment for the desired network address and terminal capabilities of the B-party 1 S User Equipment.
  • the invention deploys either of two queries:
  • the A-party User Equipment deploys CS-domain methods via the CS network, in particular an Unstructured Supplementary Service Data mechanism [USSD, 3rd. Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) TS 23.090] as to query a service in the network, or the peer terminal or User Equipment, to retrieve the address (es) of the B-party.
  • USSD Unstructured Supplementary Service Data mechanism
  • 3GPP 3rd. Generation Partnership Project
  • the terminal uses PS-domain methods via the PS-network, for example the sending of SIP messages, towards an entity in the network (e.g. a presence server) to retrieve the address (es) of the B-party.
  • an entity in the network e.g. a presence server
  • the relevant PS-domain identifier e.g. the PS-domain network address
  • the B-party can be contacted directly via the PS-network as to exchange UE terminal capabilities.
  • SIP URI signalling it is beneficial for a network operator to use SIP URI signalling for this purpose, since SIP URI signalling enables controlling or influencing exchange of terminal capability parameters.
  • the SIP OPTIONS method is used to exchange terminal capabilities.
  • Fig. 1 presents a schematic diagram of a combinational network with User Equipment and network nodes connected to the combinational network.
  • the invention is presented against the background and within the scope of a current GSM/UMTS implementation of mobile communication system deployed in a combinational network environment.
  • the present invention may be deployed in any communication system comprising combinational networks.
  • Figure 1 illustrates schematically a combinational network 10 comprising several networks of different network type 11, 12, 13, with a first User Equipment (UE) 1 and a second UE 2 connected to all or at least two of the networks 11, 12, 13.
  • UE User Equipment
  • the UE 1, 2 has network interfaces IA, IB, 1C, 2A, 2B, 2C, each associated with a network address, towards said networks 11, 12, 13.
  • the network 11 is a network of a CS-network type
  • the networks 12 and 13 are of a PS-network type.
  • the CS-call uses DTAP
  • the invention provides a solution to the problem of retrieving the PS-domain addresses and PS-domain terminal capabilities of a B-party's UE 1 by having the A-party's UE 2 query a B-party's UE 1 or a network service node 31, 32, 33, 34,
  • B-party's UE 1. uses either one of the following two different types of queries: a) UE 1, 2 initiated query using a CS-domain method, b) UE 1, 2 initiated query using a PS-domain method.
  • the A- party's UE 2 deploys CS-domain methods via the CS network, in particular an Unstructured Supplementary Service Data mechanism [USSD, 3GPP TS 23.090] as to query either a service node 31, 32,' 33, 34 35 in the network or the peer UE 1, to retrieve the PS- domain address (es) of the B-party's UE 1.
  • CS-domain methods via the CS network, in particular an Unstructured Supplementary Service Data mechanism [USSD, 3GPP TS 23.090] as to query either a service node 31, 32,' 33, 34 35 in the network or the peer UE 1, to retrieve the PS- domain address (es) of the B-party's UE 1.
  • the invention provides that the A-party's UE 2, being a calling party in the CS-domain, generates a terminal-initiated Unstructured Supplementary Service Data mechanism [USSD, 3GPP TS 23.090] for retrieving the PS identifier (s) of the B-party's UE 1, being the called party in the CS-domain.
  • the calling A-party's UE 2 queries the called B-party's UE 1 directly to obtain the UE's 1 terminal capabilities.
  • the presence of appropriate terminal capabilities of the B-party's UE 1 are highlighted on a Graphical User Interface GUI of the calling A- party's UE 2.
  • the B-party may deploy the same method to retrieve the terminal capabilities of the A-party's UE 2.
  • the USSD mechanism allows a user of the UE 1, 2 such as a Mobile Station, and a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) operator defined application to communicate in a way, which is transparent to the UE 1, 2 and to intermediate network entities.
  • PLMN Public Land Mobile Network
  • a USSD mechanism is applied by the UE 1, 2 user, in a method described below:
  • the UE 1, 2 can at any time initiate a USSD request to the CS-network 11.
  • the A-party or B-party of the UE 1, 2 or an application running in the UE 1, 2 makes a request for an address retrieval, wherein the UE 1, 2 determines to make use of the USSD mechanism
  • the UE 1, 2 sets up a transaction to the CS- network 11, sends the request to a Mobile Switching Centre (MSC) and awaits a response.
  • MSC Mobile Switching Centre
  • the UE 1, 2 receives a response.
  • the UE 1, 2 displays information contained in the response to the A- or B-party or relays the information to the application running in the UE 1, 2.
  • the MSC When the MSC receives a USSD request containing a Home Public Land Mobile Network (HPLMN) service code, the MSC sets up a transaction to a Visitor Location Register (VLR) and forwards the USSD request unchanged to the VLR.
  • VLR Visitor Location Register
  • the MSC receives the USSD request containing the HPLMN service code and the UE 1, 2 is not in the HPLMN, the VLR sets up a transaction to the HLR and forwards the USSD request unchanged.
  • the MSC receives a USSD request containing a local service code, the MSC and the VLR process the USSD request locally.
  • the MSC and the VLR are transparent to any further USSD requests or responses (in either direction) for that transaction, passing them between the MS and HLR without taking any action.
  • the MSC/VLR shall release the other transaction as well.
  • the MSC or the VLR does not support an alphabet used in the USSD request, it shall set up a transaction to the VLR or HLR respectively and forward the USSD request unchanged, in the same way as when the HPLMN service code is received.
  • the HLR forwards the USSD request, or process the USSD request locally.
  • the location, nature and contents of the USSD application is, by definition, service provider and network operator dependent, but generally includes; setting up or releasing signalling and/or speech channels; - passing the USSD request to another network entity (unchanged or changed) ; passing a different USSD request to another network entity; and/or requesting further information from the UE 1, 2 (one or more times) .
  • the network entity Upon completion of handling the USSD request, the network entity shall respond to the USSD request and shall release the transaction.
  • the USSD-aided address retrieval of a PS-identifier is implemented in either of two ways.
  • A-party's UE 2 sends USSD request to B-party's UE 1.
  • A-party's UE 2 sends a USSD request to a network service.
  • the A-party's UE 2 sends the USSD request, via the CS-network directed to the B-party's UE 1, requesting PS-domain identifier (s) of the B-party's UE 1.
  • the A- party's UE 2 composes a USSD request inquiring about the Internet Protocol (IP) address of B-party's UE 1. If the A- party's UE 2 is in a Visited Public Land Mobile Network (VPLMN), the USSD request is received by the VLR and is sent to the HLR of the A-party in the HPLMN of the A-party.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • the PS-domain identifier (s) of the B-party's UE 1 is requested.
  • the HLR initiates a second USSD request to the B-party's UE 1.
  • This second USSD request towards the B-party's UE 1 may pass through the HLR of the B-party.
  • An application in the B-party's UE 1 decodes the USSD request, and sends the requested PS-domain identifier (s) of the PS-terminal part of the B-party's UE 1 back to the A-party's UE 2.
  • the response from the B-party may pass through the HLR of the B-party and the HLR of the A-party
  • the A-party's UE 2 When the B-party's UE 1 replies with a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Unified Resource Identifier URI, the A-party's UE 2 subsequently sends a "SIP OPTIONS" message to B-party's UE 1, using the B-party's SIP URI, and inquires for the terminal capabilities of B-party's UE 1. In accordance with the terminal capabilities of B-party's UE 1, certain icons may be highlighted on the graphical interface of A-party's UE 2. The A-party's UE 2 sends picrures to the B-party's UE 1 if picture messaging gets enabled, based on the retrieved information on B-party's UE 1 terminal capabilities.
  • SIP Session Initiation Protocol
  • A-party's UE 2 and B-party's UE 1 that are able to send and process USSD queries and generate USSD responses.
  • These applications e.g. embedded in the A-party's UE 2 and in the B- party's UE 1 are proprietary or standardized; the latter is preferred to avoid interoperability problems.
  • the B-party's UE 1 sends an acknowledgement using USSD signaling via the CS-network 11 and uses an entirely different protocol to send the PS-domain identifiers.
  • Another option is that the incoming USSD request received at the B- party's UE 1, carries the IP-address of the A-party's UE 2 and thus the B-party's UE 1 directly uses this PS-domain network address information for further communication.
  • the A-party's UE 2 sends a USSD message directed to a network based service.
  • the service implemented as a lookup database server 34 or a proxy server 35, returns a USSD response towards the A- party's UE 2.
  • the difference with the first USSD-aided address retrieval way, presented above, is that instead of relaying the USSD message to the B-party's UE 1, the HLR sends a response to the A-party. Via the HLR, which may use Any Time Interrogation
  • ATI ATI
  • SGSN Serving GPRS Support Node
  • IMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identity
  • This list also contains the
  • IP-address of the subscriber in this case the IP-address of the B-party's UE 1, connected to the PS-network 12, 13.
  • Network nodes 21, 22, 32, 33 are arranged to retrieve the network address of UE 1, 2.
  • the nodes 21 and 22 are comprised inside the network 11, 12, and the nodes 32, 33 are located external to the networks 11, 12, 13.
  • Network node 31 is an E.164 number server [ENUM Network Working Group Request for Comments: 3761]
  • network node is a lookup database server 34
  • network node 35 is a proxy server 35.
  • the network nodes 21, 22, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 are attached to the networks 11, 12, 13 by means of associated connections 21A, 22A, 31A, 32A, 33A, 33B, 34A, 34B, 35A, 35B, 35C. Also in this second way of USSD-aided address retrieval, the response is either based on CS-domain USSD signalling or uses another protocol to deliver the response.
  • Both these presented CS-domain based USSD-aided address retrieval ways are identical from A-party's UE 2 viewpoint, however they differ from the viewpoint of B-party's UE 1.
  • These two CS-domain ways also differ from the network's viewpoint because in the first USSD-aided address retrieval way, the network is only relaying USSD messages while in the second USSD- aided address retrieval way, the service is implemented a network node as the lookup database server 34 or the proxy server 35, that intercepts the USSD message, processes it and takes actions.
  • Radio resources of an access network (GSM/UMTS) towards the B-party's UE 1 are not used up in the second way, which is regarded as an advantage.
  • the A- party's UE 2 deploys PS-domain methods via the PS-network, for example by means of SIP messages, towards an entity in the network such as the network nodes 21, 22, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 that maintain appropriate databases (e.g. presence servers, lookup servers, proxy servers) as to retrieve the PS-domain address (es) of the B-party's UE 1.
  • PS-domain methods via the PS-network, for example by means of SIP messages, towards an entity in the network such as the network nodes 21, 22, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 that maintain appropriate databases (e.g. presence servers, lookup servers, proxy servers) as to retrieve the PS-domain address (es) of the B-party's UE 1.
  • the B-party's UE 1 cannot be contacted directly by the A-party's UE 2.
  • Information regarding the B-party's UE 1, which is currently in an ongoing CS-call with the A-party's UE 2, comprises the CS-domain network address, which is available to A-party's UE 2.
  • This CS-domain network address may be, among others, a telephone number of the called B-party's UE 1, MSISDN or IMSI.
  • the A-party's UE 2 queries a network service where the A- party's UE 2 provides the network service with the telephone number (or IMSI, MSISDN) of the B-party's UE 1.
  • This service is implemented using an E.164 number server 31 [ENUM Network
  • Both the CS-domain and PS-domain based address retrieval methods described above, are carried out in the background without the intervention of the user of the UE 1, 2.
  • the A-party's UE 2 presents, depending on the graphical terminal capabilities of the A-party's UE 2, an icon to appear on his/her GUI a few seconds after the set up of the CS-call.
  • either the A- party's UE 2 or the B-party's UE 1 initiates during an ongoing CS-call, a USSD mechanism as to query the other party's UE 1, 2 or the network nodes 21, 22, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 in order to obtain the PS-domain address (e.g. IP address) of the UE 1, 2 of the other party.
  • a USSD mechanism as to query the other party's UE 1, 2 or the network nodes 21, 22, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 in order to obtain the PS-domain address (e.g. IP address) of the UE 1, 2 of the other party.
  • the present invention provides an efficient and inventive method for retrieving the PS-domain address and the terminal capabilities of the UE of the other party.
  • An indication at the user's UE 1, 2 might be provided, indicating the other user's UE

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
  • Telephonic Communication Services (AREA)
PCT/EP2005/007834 2004-07-30 2005-07-19 Method and system for retrieving network addresses in hybrid telecommunication networks Ceased WO2006010525A1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2007522974A JP4728332B2 (ja) 2004-07-30 2005-07-19 ハイブリッド通信ネットワークにおけるネットワークアドレスを取り出す方法およびシステム
US11/572,984 US9203970B2 (en) 2004-07-30 2005-07-19 Method and system for retrieving network addresses in hybrid telecommunication network
EP05764387.6A EP1772003B1 (en) 2004-07-30 2005-07-19 Method and system for retrieving network addresses in hybrid telecommunication networks
CN2005800257950A CN1993972B (zh) 2004-07-30 2005-07-19 在混合电信网络中用于检索网络地址的方法和系统

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US59242704P 2004-07-30 2004-07-30
US60/592,427 2004-07-30

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WO2006010525A1 true WO2006010525A1 (en) 2006-02-02

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US (1) US9203970B2 (enExample)
EP (1) EP1772003B1 (enExample)
JP (2) JP4728332B2 (enExample)
KR (1) KR101150054B1 (enExample)
CN (1) CN1993972B (enExample)
MY (1) MY145725A (enExample)
RU (1) RU2377731C2 (enExample)
WO (1) WO2006010525A1 (enExample)
ZA (1) ZA200700864B (enExample)

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US10015267B2 (en) 2008-09-02 2018-07-03 Constantin Staykoff Generic multichannel center for network applications and services
FR2935584B1 (fr) * 2008-09-02 2013-03-29 Opencode Systmes Ood Centre ussd generique d'applications et de services reseaux
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JP2008508752A (ja) 2008-03-21
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CN1993972A (zh) 2007-07-04

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