WO2006006887A1 - Procede d'etancheification d'un objet et dispositif destine a sa mise en oeuvre - Google Patents

Procede d'etancheification d'un objet et dispositif destine a sa mise en oeuvre Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006006887A1
WO2006006887A1 PCT/RU2005/000262 RU2005000262W WO2006006887A1 WO 2006006887 A1 WO2006006887 A1 WO 2006006887A1 RU 2005000262 W RU2005000262 W RU 2005000262W WO 2006006887 A1 WO2006006887 A1 WO 2006006887A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sealing element
piston
sealing
liquid medium
cavity
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU2005/000262
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Rustam Oskarovich Kaibyshev
Kamil Garafetdinovich Farkhutdinov
Damir Vagizovich Tagirov
Original Assignee
Rustam Oskarovich Kaibyshev
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rustam Oskarovich Kaibyshev filed Critical Rustam Oskarovich Kaibyshev
Publication of WO2006006887A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006006887A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
    • B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
    • B22F3/15—Hot isostatic pressing
    • B22F3/156—Hot isostatic pressing by a pressure medium in liquid or powder form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D31/00—Cutting-off surplus material, e.g. gates; Cleaning and working on castings
    • B22D31/002—Cleaning, working on castings
    • B22D31/005—Sealing or impregnating porous castings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/001—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a flexible element, e.g. diaphragm, urged by fluid pressure; Isostatic presses
    • B30B11/002—Isostatic press chambers; Press stands therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of foundry and powder metallurgy, and more particularly, to methods and devices for compacting products, such as metal and intermetallic castings, by means of hot isostatic pressing (GUI) in the liquid phase (GIPI).
  • GUI hot isostatic pressing
  • GIPI liquid phase
  • the invention can be used, in particular, to eliminate porosity in aluminum parts obtained by sand casting, which provides a significant improvement in their service mechanical properties.
  • ZhGIP The main idea of ZhGIP is the use of conventional stamping equipment instead of special gas-static presses for GIL, which provides a significant reduction in the commodity cost of manufactured products.
  • the GIPP process involves placing a heated product in a vessel containing a liquid, for example, molten salt or a low-melting alloy having a temperature at which the application of hydrostatic pressure eliminates porosity in the processed products. Usually this temperature coincides with the homogenization temperature of the product material.
  • molten salts as a high-temperature liquid has the advantage, because salt is easily removed from the surface of the product after compaction.
  • GIPP The process of GIPP should be considered as a progressive technology that can be used to improve the properties of cast products.
  • the GGIP process was first developed for compaction of products such as disks obtained from heat-resistant alloys by powder metallurgy.
  • the temperature of the hot-meshed material was high in comparison with the operating temperature of widely used stamped materials. Therefore, most inventions were aimed at solving this particular problem.
  • a known method for sealing products [US patent N ° 5340419 IPC B22F 3/00 1994], comprising a cycle of sealing, actually pressing and depressurization.
  • the method consists in the fact that the metal or intermetallic casting is placed in a container, in the first liquid medium, which is used as a molten salt with a melting point higher than the working temperature of the metal stamp, and sufficient to seal the product.
  • AT a cylindrical metal stamp is placed salt with a lower melting point, which, respectively, is heated to a temperature lower than the temperature of the salt in the first container.
  • the first container is placed in a second liquid medium.
  • the first and second environments communicate with each other.
  • Such a message can be realized by means of, for example, holes in the locking plate of a container with a limited size.
  • the size of the hole is sufficient to transfer pressure from a low-temperature liquid to a high-temperature liquid, but not enough to mix them excessively during the pressing operation.
  • the container lock plate may be a porous ceramic material.
  • Hydrostatic pressure is created using a piston-cylinder system. Moving under the influence of an external force, for example, a 500-ton hydraulic press, the plunger piston is inserted into the cylindrical cavity of the matrix, creating a high pressure transmitted to the liquid in it. To prevent leakage of fluid between the wall of the cylindrical cavity and the piston, i.e.
  • the latter is performed as a composite, namely, a sealing element made of cobalt alloy is placed around the piston, which is able to withstand high pressures during LHIP without deformation.
  • the piston design allows a limited in size, slight elastic deformation under the influence of the applied pressure, due to which the sealing element is tightly pressed against the matrix wall. Due to the very small area of support on the matrix wall, a higher pressure is automatically created in the sealing element than in liquid, which allows you to keep the sealing element tightly pressed to the matrix wall throughout the entire cycle of sealing and pressing.
  • the pressure P created by the piston is selected to be large enough to seal the product at a given temperature, T.
  • the pressure applied to the low-temperature fluid is transmitted to the workpiece through the high-temperature fluid.
  • the container allows you to arrange many products, in particular, about forty exhaust valves of an internal combustion engine made of TiAl intermetallic alloy, which are processed simultaneously.
  • the container design is simplified.
  • the same molten salt can be used for the first and second pressure transfer media. Then it is possible to completely abolish the container for the first liquid medium, leaving only the device for fixing the product in a stationary state, and thereby increase the efficiency of the process of compaction of the product.
  • the objective of the invention in terms of the method is to increase the efficiency of the process of compaction of the product.
  • the main objective of the invention is to ensure the reliability of the device.
  • the problem is solved if the method of sealing the product, which consists in the fact that the product is placed in a liquid medium, which is located in the cavity of the device for sealing the product and heated to a predetermined temperature, T, is affected with a given pressure, P, by means of a movable device such as a piston having several parts, including a metal sealing element, while a cavity with a liquid medium is sealed due to deformation of one of the parts of the piston, differs from the known fact that the cavity with a liquid medium is sealed izirovat due to plastic deformation of the sealing element under the action of the applied pressure at a temperature, T *, where T * is the temperature of the sealing element, taking into account its gradient with respect to the temperature of the liquid medium, the value of which depends on the design features of the device for sealing and the conditions of the method, this deformation of the sealing element is realized due to the impact on it of other parts of the piston made of material with more higher than the material of the sealing element, the modulus of elasticity and resistance to plastic deformation.
  • the sealing element is subjected to additional plastic deformation with a degree selected from the condition of sealing the cavity with a liquid medium; as a tool for additional deformation of the sealing element, piston parts and a technological stop installed in the cavity for a liquid medium are used;
  • T the temperature of the material of the product, while the homogenization is combined with heating and subsequent compaction;
  • the sealing element is made of copper or brass, and the remaining parts of the piston are made of steel, while a molten salt having the following composition is used as a liquid medium, in mass%: BaCl 2 - 35%; CaCl 2. - 45%; NaCl -20%;
  • - heating the stamp is carried out using a resistance furnace.
  • the device for implementing the method containing a cavity for a liquid medium and placing a sealed product in this medium, as well as a movable device for transmitting pressure, such as a piston, having several parts, including a metal sealing element, also placed in the specified cavity, different from the known that the device for transmitting pressure, such as a piston, consists of at least three parts, between the two of which there is a sealing element in the form of a washer, the end surfaces of which are interfaced with the end surfaces of the piston parts, while the sealing element is made of a material that allows its deformation during the compaction of the product under the influence of other parts of the piston made of a material with a higher elastic modulus and plate resistance than the material of the sealing element cal deformation.
  • the task in terms of the device is also solved if:
  • the sealing element is made of copper, and the remaining parts of the piston are made of steel;
  • the sealing element is made of brass, and the remaining parts of the piston are made of steel;
  • an isothermal stamp is used, in the matrix of which a cavity is made for a liquid medium, and the punch serves as a device for transmitting pressure to a liquid medium;
  • the device contains a resistance furnace
  • the essence of the invention lies in the use of plastic deformation of the sealing element in the form of a washer in the process of sealing the product.
  • plastic deformation of the sealing element in the form of a steel sheet is used.
  • Plastic deformation the sealing element is actually in a state of creep, first as a result of its precipitation, and then - direct and reverse pressing. This allows you to eliminate the slightest gaps that occur during the passage of the sealing and pressing cycle. In the absence of a gap, the sealing element would be in full compression.
  • the gap always arises, primarily due to wear of the matrix walls and the side surface of the sealing element.
  • a kind of automatic adjustment of the system is aimed at eliminating the gap.
  • the possibility of plastic deformation of the sealing element allows the use of two or more sealing elements as part of the device. Unlike the proposed solution, in the known solution it is impossible to pick up two absolutely identical non-deformable sealing elements. The use of two or more sealing elements can further improve the reliability of the device.
  • the quality of products also increases if the temperature, T, is chosen equal to the homogenization temperature of the alloy. Homogenization of the alloy occurs during heating and subsequent compaction of the casting.
  • molten salts having the following composition be used as a liquid medium in% by weight: BaCl 2 - 35%; CaCl 2 -45%; NaCl - 20%. and
  • This melt has an optimum temperature that promotes the deformation of the sealing element in a creep state, as well as effective sealing of the product.
  • Figure 1 shows a diagram of a device for sealing products
  • Figure 2 presents a diagram of a device for sealing the product in working condition
  • FIG. 3 shows fragments of the piston and the matrix at the initial moment of their installation relative to each other to seal the first product
  • Figure 4 shows fragments of the piston and the matrix in the sealing process, when there is a beginning of deformation of the sealing element by sediment
  • Figure 5 shows fragments of the piston and the matrix in the process of sealing and pressing, when there is a continuing deformation of the sealing element by upsetting, as well as direct and reverse pressing;
  • Figure 6 shows fragments of the piston and the matrix at the final moment of pressing with a deformed sealing element
  • Figure 7 presents a photo of a deformed sealing element
  • FIG. 10 shows the structure of the material of the product before compaction, the image is enlarged 170 times;
  • Figure 9 shows the structure of the product material after compaction, the image is enlarged 170 times.
  • the invention is illustrated by an example of a specific implementation.
  • This example does not exhaust all the possibilities of the proposed method and device in terms of the range of processed products, the number of simultaneously processed products, the materials from which these products are made and, accordingly, the manufacturing modes: temperature, pressure, time, - as well as the materials from which the piston sealing element and matrix.
  • a device for sealing the product includes a cavity of cylindrical shape 1, made in the matrix 2 of an isothermal stamp.
  • the punch of the stamp consists of three parts 3,4,5 and is equipped with two sealing elements 6 in the form of washers, the end surfaces of which are associated with the end surfaces of the parts of the punch. Parts of the punch are connected by a bolt 7. Pos. 8, 9 show the upper and lower support plates of the stamp, respectively.
  • the matrix and the punch are attached to the base plates using the holders 10, 11 and bolts 12.
  • the resistance furnace in figure 1 is not shown.
  • .Pos. 13 in figure 2 schematically shows a device for fixing the product (the product itself is not shown in figure 2) in the cavity of the stamp matrix filled with molten salts.
  • the casting of the brake part of the car-caliper was subjected to sealing.
  • the casting was obtained by sand casting from an aluminum alloy, A-356.0 having the following composition: Silicon 6.5-7.5%
  • a molten salt having the following composition was used, in% by weight: BaCl 2 - 35%; CaCl 2 - 45%; NaCl - 20%.
  • the melting point of salts is 450-454 0 C.
  • the process was carried out in isothermal conditions using an isothermal stamp. Die temperature and melt temperature,
  • T 520 0 C. This temperature is the homogenization temperature of the above alloy.
  • Working pressure 120 MPa.
  • Compaction time is one minute.
  • the material of the sealing elements 6 was selected copper.
  • a state of high temperature creep is characteristic of copper. Since an isothermal stamp is used, the location of the sealing elements is chosen arbitrarily. In the case when a non-isothermal stamp is used, changing the sizes of the parts 4, 5 of the punch, a sealing element is installed closer to the melt. When sealing products from another material using a sealing element from another material, as well as another melt and non-isothermal stamp, it may be necessary to install the sealing element further from the melt. Then you can use at least one additional part 5, and install it between part 4 of the punch and the sealing element 6. In the process of sealing the matrix cavity and subsequent pressing, the sealing element is deformed, passing through the stages of precipitation, direct and reverse pressing (see Fig. 4, 5, b).
  • the matrix walls and the side surface of the sealing element are adjusted to each other by means of additional plastic deformation of the latter by upsetting.
  • a technological stop for the piston-punch is installed in the empty cavity of the matrix and cold deformation is carried out with a force of 120 MPa.
  • the degree of deformation is 2-2.5%.
  • FIG. 10 shows the structure of the material of the alloy product A-356.0 prior to compaction, where sufficiently large pores are clearly visible.
  • Figure 9 shows the structure of the material of the alloy product A-356.0 after compaction, the absence of pores is noticeable.
  • Figure 7 presents a photo of a deformed sealing element that has withstood more than seven cycles of sealing, pressing and depressurization, after which it was replaced. This photo is provided to confirm the industrial applicability of the proposed method and device.
  • the device withstood 10,000 cycles of sealing, pressing and depressurization.
  • the figures clearly demonstrate the possibility of solving the problem posed in the invention.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention relève du domaine de la fonderie et de la métallurgie des poudres, et se rapporte en particulier à des procédés et à des dispositifs permettant d'étanchéifier des objets par compression isostatique à chaud dans une phase liquide. L'invention peut en particulier servir à éliminer la porosité de pièces en aluminium. Le procédé d'étanchéification selon l'invention consiste à appliquer une pression sur un objet placé dans un milieu liquide chauffé. La pression est transmise à l'aide d'un piston possédant plusieurs parties dont un élément d'étanchéité métallique. Une cavité contenant ledit liquide est étanchéifiée grâce à la déformation plastique de l'élément d'étanchéité métallique générée par la pression appliquée. Un dispositif destiné à la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'invention contient une cavité conçue pour contenir un milieu liquide et recevoir l'objet et le piston. Le piston est constitué d'au moins trois parties, et l'élément d'étanchéité, qui est formé d'un matériau provoquant sa déformation lors de l'étanchéification de l'objet, est placé entre deux desdites parties. Les autres parties du piston sont formées d'un matériau présentant un module d'élasticité et une résistance à la déformation plastique supérieurs à ceux du matériau de l'élément d'étanchéité. L'invention permet ainsi de réduire le temps d'usinage et d'augmenter la fiabilité du dispositif.
PCT/RU2005/000262 2004-07-08 2005-05-13 Procede d'etancheification d'un objet et dispositif destine a sa mise en oeuvre WO2006006887A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2004123257/02A RU2278766C2 (ru) 2004-07-08 2004-07-08 Способ уплотнения изделия и устройство для его осуществления
RU2004123257 2004-07-08

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WO2006006887A1 true WO2006006887A1 (fr) 2006-01-19

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114103214A (zh) * 2021-11-22 2022-03-01 福建省骏旗机械工贸有限公司 一种坯料双向对冲挤压装置及其工作方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2501880C1 (ru) * 2012-11-26 2013-12-20 Открытое акционерное общество "Композит" (ОАО "Композит") Способ горячего изостатического прессования отливок из алюминиевых сплавов

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61273223A (ja) * 1985-05-28 1986-12-03 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 型駆動方法
SU1694346A1 (ru) * 1990-01-09 1991-11-30 Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский и проектно-технологический институт химического и нефтяного машиностроения Способ прессовани полых заготовок из порошков и устройство дл его осуществлени
US5340419A (en) * 1992-12-21 1994-08-23 Metal Casting Technology, Inc. Method and apparatus for densifying an article
RU2044603C1 (ru) * 1992-08-10 1995-09-27 Российский федеральный ядерный центр - Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт технической физики Пресс-форма для гидростатического прессования изделий из порошка
WO2002026409A2 (fr) * 2000-09-29 2002-04-04 Mlc Extrusion Systems Ltd. Procede et systeme de pressage hydrostatique a chaud

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61273223A (ja) * 1985-05-28 1986-12-03 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 型駆動方法
SU1694346A1 (ru) * 1990-01-09 1991-11-30 Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский и проектно-технологический институт химического и нефтяного машиностроения Способ прессовани полых заготовок из порошков и устройство дл его осуществлени
RU2044603C1 (ru) * 1992-08-10 1995-09-27 Российский федеральный ядерный центр - Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт технической физики Пресс-форма для гидростатического прессования изделий из порошка
US5340419A (en) * 1992-12-21 1994-08-23 Metal Casting Technology, Inc. Method and apparatus for densifying an article
WO2002026409A2 (fr) * 2000-09-29 2002-04-04 Mlc Extrusion Systems Ltd. Procede et systeme de pressage hydrostatique a chaud

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114103214A (zh) * 2021-11-22 2022-03-01 福建省骏旗机械工贸有限公司 一种坯料双向对冲挤压装置及其工作方法
CN114103214B (zh) * 2021-11-22 2024-02-02 福建省骏旗机械工贸有限公司 一种坯料双向对冲挤压装置及其工作方法

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Publication number Publication date
RU2278766C2 (ru) 2006-06-27
RU2004123257A (ru) 2006-02-10

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