WO2006004453A1 - Foyer a tourbillons - Google Patents

Foyer a tourbillons Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006004453A1
WO2006004453A1 PCT/RU2005/000082 RU2005000082W WO2006004453A1 WO 2006004453 A1 WO2006004453 A1 WO 2006004453A1 RU 2005000082 W RU2005000082 W RU 2005000082W WO 2006004453 A1 WO2006004453 A1 WO 2006004453A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
nozzle
nozzles
fuel
burner
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU2005/000082
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Konstantin Anatolievich Grigoriev
Vitaly Efimovich Skuditsky
Yury Alexandrovich Rundygin
Alexandr Lvovich Popov
Andrei Pavlovich Tokunov
Roman Grigorievich Anoshin
Original Assignee
Grigoriev Konstantin Anatoliev
Vitaly Efimovich Skuditsky
Yury Alexandrovich Rundygin
Alexandr Lvovich Popov
Andrei Pavlovich Tokunov
Roman Grigorievich Anoshin
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Grigoriev Konstantin Anatoliev, Vitaly Efimovich Skuditsky, Yury Alexandrovich Rundygin, Alexandr Lvovich Popov, Andrei Pavlovich Tokunov, Roman Grigorievich Anoshin filed Critical Grigoriev Konstantin Anatoliev
Priority to EA200602188A priority Critical patent/EA008689B1/ru
Priority to UAA200700550A priority patent/UA83759C2/uk
Publication of WO2006004453A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006004453A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C3/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C5/00—Disposition of burners with respect to the combustion chamber or to one another; Mounting of burners in combustion apparatus
    • F23C5/08—Disposition of burners
    • F23C5/24—Disposition of burners to obtain a loop flame
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/02—Disposition of air supply not passing through burner

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of fuel combustion, in particular, to swirl furnaces and can be used for burning solid fossil fuels, for example, in power plants.
  • the disadvantage of this device is the high degree of erosive wear of the furnace wall due to exposure to a stream of air coming out of the nozzle and containing the smallest, most erosive particles of fuel and ash.
  • Known vortex furnace containing a combustion chamber including vertical walls and associated inclined walls, a burner mounted in one of the vertical walls, and a nozzle for supplying air to the combustion chamber, CA 5 C, 1010306.
  • the fuel-air mixture consisting of coarsely ground fuel and primary air, is fed into the internal space of the combustion chamber, while its speed is calculated in such a way as to ensure separation and distribution of fuel particles of different classes (particle size) along the height of the combustion chamber.
  • the air-fuel mixture inside the combustion chamber ignites and forms a burning torch containing flue gases and unburned fuel particles of various sizes, which are then moved under the action of gravity and inertia to the lower part of the combustion chamber.
  • the secondary air stream supplied to the lower part of the combustion chamber is characterized by insufficient intensity of heat and mass transfer processes in it due to the small turbulization of the air movement in the stream. This leads to the fact that the processes of heating and exit of volatile large fuel particles located in the lower part of the combustion chamber occur slowly, a significant amount of heat is expended on them, and this slows the ignition of small fuel particles, dried, warmed up and sufficiently prepared for combustion, located in a single stream with large particles of fuel. Due to this, the process of ignition of fuel in the air stream in the lower part of the combustion chamber is delayed, which leads to a loss of stability of ignition of the root part of the torch.
  • This pattern is typical for the burning of low-grade flammable fuels, characterized by high humidity or low yield of volatile substances.
  • the introduction of air into the lower part of the combustion chamber with one nozzle leads to increased wear of the inclined wall of the combustion chamber (if the nozzle is directed to this wall at an angle) or to an increased failure of unburned fuel from combustion chambers (if the nozzle is directed along this wall).
  • a vortex furnace containing a combustion chamber, including walls passing into the funnel at the bottom, as well as a burner mounted in the wall, and a nozzle device for supplying air to the furnace, made in the form of two nozzles with a flow rate in each of them decreasing by the distance from the wall with the burner, RU, Cl, 2044218.
  • This technical solution adopted as a prototype of the present invention, provides an increase in the intensity of heat and mass transfer, which increases the stability of ignition, for example, when burning low-grade (high-moisture) fuels. Winding out the smallest, most erosive particles from the stream closest to the wall being washed, somewhat reduces the erosive effect on it. However, the air flows leaving adjacent nozzles overlap each other, while the degree of interaction of the flows increases with distance from the nozzle outlets, as the flows expand. As a result, small particles are involved in a significant amount in the mixed volume of both flows and interact with the wall of the combustion chamber, which causes its wear.
  • the present invention is based on the solution of the problem of reducing the erosive effects on the wall of the combustion chamber, as well as the alignment of the temperature field in the combustion chamber.
  • this problem is solved due to the fact that in a vortex furnace containing a combustion chamber, including walls passing in the lower part into the funnel, at least one burner mounted in the wall and a nozzle device for air supply installed in the lower part of the funnel into the furnace containing two nozzles, one of the nozzles is directed to the inner surface of the funnel located on the side of the burner at an angle of 65 °> ⁇ l °, and the second nozzle is oriented so that the angle between the longitudinal axes of both nozzles is 75 °> ⁇ > 5 ° in plane and, perpendicular to the inner surface of the funnel from the side of the burner; at least one nozzle may be made sectional; nozzles can be equipped with flow regulators.
  • the object acquires a very important new property, which consists in the fact that the air flows exiting the nozzles practically do not interact with each other in the lower part of the combustion chamber, which prevents erosion-hazardous particles from entering its wall.
  • a more uniform distribution of fuel in the lower part of the combustion chamber is ensured, which ensures equalization of the temperature field (a sharp decrease in the zones of high-temperature maxima), which significantly reduces the formation of nitrogen oxides, and also prevents the deposition of fusible eutectics on the walls of the combustion chamber.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vortex furnace (longitudinal section); figure 2 is a section along AA in an enlarged scale.
  • the swirl chamber contains a combustion chamber 1, which includes walls 2, passing at the bottom into a funnel 3.
  • a burner 4 is mounted, having in a particular example a slope towards the funnel 3.
  • a nozzle device for supplying air to the combustion chamber is installed, comprising a nozzle 5 and a nozzle 6.
  • the nozzle 5 is directed to the inner surface of the funnel 3 located on the side of the burner 4, at an angle of 65 °> oc> 1 °.
  • angles ⁇ ⁇ 1 ° air flow from
  • nozzle 5 goes almost along the wall of the funnel 3 and is not pressed enough to it, which leads to a failure of the combustion chamber 1 of large unburned fuel particles.
  • nozzle 6 is oriented in such a way that the angle between the longitudinal axes of the nozzles 5 and 6 is 75 °> ⁇ > 5 ° in the plane perpendicular to the inclined wall of the funnel 3 from the side of burner 4.
  • ⁇ ⁇ 5 ° the claimed technical result is not achieved, and the device will the disadvantages noted in
  • the nozzles 5 and 6 are equipped with flow regulators in the form of gates 7.
  • the nozzles 5 and 6 can be sectional (for example, cylindrical or slotted).
  • the fuel-air mixture consisting of crushed fuel and air, is supplied through the burner 4 to the internal space of the combustion chamber 1, while the amount of movement (flow rate, speed) of the air is selected so as to ensure separation and distribution of fuel particles of different sizes (fractions) by volume (height) of the combustion chamber 1.
  • the fuel-air mixture inside the combustion chamber 1 ignites and forms a burning torch 8, in which the smallest particles of fuel are burned.
  • gaseous products of combustion and ash are formed.
  • Part of unburned fuel particles and part of ash particles under the influence of gravity and inertia is separated into the lower part of the combustion chamber 1 into the vortex combustion zone 9.
  • the air of the lower blast through nozzles 5 and 6 is supplied in two streams to the lower part of the combustion chamber 1.
  • the supply of lower blast air with two nozzles 5, 6 at different angles of entry into the lower part of the combustion chamber 1 causes the formation of two independent flows.
  • the stream closest to the inner surface of the funnel 3 is pressed against it by installing the nozzle 5 at an angle of 65 °> ⁇ > l ° to the funnel.
  • the air stream leaving the nozzle 6 creates a circulation of small particles in the inner region of the vortex zone 9 of combustion.
  • the particles of fuel and ash located in the lower part of the combustion chamber 1 fall into the air flows of the lower blast and are separated by size (particle size, fractions) due to the influence of these flows in series, while large (most massive) fuel particles enter the stream leaving from the nozzle 5, and small particles of fuel and ash into the stream from the nozzle 6.
  • the flow rate of the nozzle 6 should ensure the winding off of small particles of fuel and ash from large particles of fuel and transporting them to the central region of the vortex zone 9 of combustion.
  • the flow rate from the nozzle 5 should ensure the retention of large particles of fuel in the combustion chamber 1, reducing their failure from the combustion chamber 1. At the same time, they are transported to the root of the flame 8.
  • a decrease in the fuel failure from the combustion chamber 1 is also facilitated by pressing the nozzle stream 5 against the funnel wall 3, which eliminates the formation of conglomerates of fuel particles capable of "punching” on this wall this stream and go to failure.
  • This circumstance reduces losses with a mechanical underburning q $, as a result of which the efficiency of the combustion chamber 1 is increased, that is, its efficiency.
  • the nozzle stream 5 directly washing the funnel wall 3 on which the burner 4 is mounted, contains the minimum amount of the smallest most erosive particles of ash and fuel. This reduces the erosive wear of the nozzle 5 washing the flow of the walls of the funnel 3 and the walls 2 of the combustion chamber 1, which increases the reliability of the vortex combustion chamber 1.
  • the winding-off of part of the fuel to the central region of the vortex zone of the torch burning helps to equalize the concentration of fuel and air in the volume of the lower - vortex - part of the combustion chamber 1, which leads to equalization of heat generation in it and, as a result, equalization of the temperature field and lowering the temperature maximum.
  • This circumstance reduces the intensity of pyroplastic transformations in the ash particles with the formation of fusible eutectics and, together with the aforementioned decrease in the effect of ash particles on the wall of the combustion chamber, reduces deposits on the walls of the combustion chamber 1, which increases the reliability of its operation.
  • the invention can be used, practically, for the entire gamut of solid fossil fuels in a wide range of changes in its quality characteristics and particle size distribution, can improve the efficiency, reliability and safety of the furnace by reducing the likelihood of erosive wear of its walls and deposits on its walls

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention appartient au domaine du brûlage de combustible et concerne notamment des foyers à tourbillons. Elle peut s'utiliser pour brûler un combustible organique solide, par exemple, dans des centrales électriques. L'invention vise à diminuer l'action de l'érosion sur les parois de la chambre de combustion et à égaliser le champ de températures dans la chambre de combustion. Le foyer à tourbillons comprend une chambre de combustion possédant des parois qui, dans la partie inférieure de la chambre de combustion, ont la forme d'un entonnoir; au moins un brûleur intégré à la paroi; et un dispositif à buses monté dans la partie inférieure de l'entonnoir. Ce dernier est destiné à l'injection d'air dans le foyer et comprend deux buses dont une est orientée en direction de la surface interne de l'entonnoir, qui est disposée du côté du brûleur à un angle 65°≥α≥1°, la deuxième buse étant orientée de manière à ce que l'angle entre les axes longitudinaux des deux buses soit 75°≥β≥5° dans un plan perpendiculaire à la surface interne du côté du brûleur. Au moins une buse peut être articulée, et les buses peuvent être équipées d'un régulateur de débit.
PCT/RU2005/000082 2004-06-28 2005-02-21 Foyer a tourbillons WO2006004453A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EA200602188A EA008689B1 (ru) 2004-06-28 2005-02-21 Вихревая топка
UAA200700550A UA83759C2 (en) 2004-06-28 2005-02-21 Swirling - type furnace

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2004120099/06A RU2253799C1 (ru) 2004-06-28 2004-06-28 Вихревая топка
RU2004120099 2004-06-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006004453A1 true WO2006004453A1 (fr) 2006-01-12

Family

ID=35783156

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/RU2005/000082 WO2006004453A1 (fr) 2004-06-28 2005-02-21 Foyer a tourbillons

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EA (1) EA008689B1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2253799C1 (fr)
UA (1) UA83759C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006004453A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103423736A (zh) * 2013-08-16 2013-12-04 金华隆鑫新能源科技有限公司 一种生物质颗粒燃烧炉的供风系统

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU987286A1 (ru) * 1980-08-04 1983-01-07 Ленинградский Ордена Ленина Политехнический Институт Им.М.И.Калинина Вихрева топка
DE3403981A1 (de) * 1984-02-04 1985-08-14 Deutsche Babcock Werke AG, 4200 Oberhausen Verfahren und vorrichtung zum betreiben einer feuerung unter verminderter bildung von stickoxiden
RU2044218C1 (ru) * 1994-01-25 1995-09-20 Юрий Александрович Рундыгин Способ сжигания топлива и вихревая камера сгорания
RU2087787C1 (ru) * 1992-01-23 1997-08-20 Иосиф Иванович Беловицкий Быстроразъемное соединение беловицкого

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2087798C1 (ru) * 1993-07-05 1997-08-20 Малое государственное внедренческое предприятие "Политехэнерго" Способ сжигания твердого топлива с твердым шлакоудалением и вихревая топка для его осуществления

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU987286A1 (ru) * 1980-08-04 1983-01-07 Ленинградский Ордена Ленина Политехнический Институт Им.М.И.Калинина Вихрева топка
DE3403981A1 (de) * 1984-02-04 1985-08-14 Deutsche Babcock Werke AG, 4200 Oberhausen Verfahren und vorrichtung zum betreiben einer feuerung unter verminderter bildung von stickoxiden
RU2087787C1 (ru) * 1992-01-23 1997-08-20 Иосиф Иванович Беловицкий Быстроразъемное соединение беловицкого
RU2044218C1 (ru) * 1994-01-25 1995-09-20 Юрий Александрович Рундыгин Способ сжигания топлива и вихревая камера сгорания

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
UA83759C2 (en) 2008-08-11
EA008689B1 (ru) 2007-06-29
EA200602188A1 (ru) 2007-04-27
RU2253799C1 (ru) 2005-06-10

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