WO2005122500A1 - Attribution de largeur de bande permettant d'arriver a un trafic au mieux - Google Patents

Attribution de largeur de bande permettant d'arriver a un trafic au mieux Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005122500A1
WO2005122500A1 PCT/IB2005/051798 IB2005051798W WO2005122500A1 WO 2005122500 A1 WO2005122500 A1 WO 2005122500A1 IB 2005051798 W IB2005051798 W IB 2005051798W WO 2005122500 A1 WO2005122500 A1 WO 2005122500A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
traffic
network
effort traffic
bandwidth
fraction
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2005/051798
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Van Hartskamp
Boris Cobelens
Maarten P. Bodlaender
Original Assignee
Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. filed Critical Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
Publication of WO2005122500A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005122500A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
    • H04L47/82—Miscellaneous aspects
    • H04L47/824—Applicable to portable or mobile terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
    • H04L47/76—Admission control; Resource allocation using dynamic resource allocation, e.g. in-call renegotiation requested by the user or requested by the network in response to changing network conditions
    • H04L47/762—Admission control; Resource allocation using dynamic resource allocation, e.g. in-call renegotiation requested by the user or requested by the network in response to changing network conditions triggered by the network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
    • H04L47/80—Actions related to the user profile or the type of traffic
    • H04L47/805—QOS or priority aware
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
    • H04L47/82—Miscellaneous aspects
    • H04L47/822—Collecting or measuring resource availability data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/18—Negotiating wireless communication parameters
    • H04W28/20—Negotiating bandwidth
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0453—Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA

Definitions

  • BANDWIDTH ALLOCATION FOR BEST-EFFORT TRAFFIC This invention relates to allocating bandwidth in a network.
  • QoS Quality of Service
  • One mechanism for achieving a desired QoS is to provide an admission control function. Each device submits a request for bandwidth to the admission control function and the control function grants bandwidth to the device providing certain criteria are met.
  • a simple admission control criteria is to grant a request for a new connection providing the sum of the bandwidth demanded by the new request and all of the existing requests is less than the total bandwidth capacity of the network.
  • Many systems carry types of traffic which differ in their needs and priorities. It is known to operate an admission control function so that certain types of traffic are guaranteed resources.
  • the control function reserves a fraction of the total capacity for that traffic and this ensures that traffic can always be accommodated by the network.
  • streams of delay- sensitive audio visual (AV) data between devices in a home network may be guaranteed a fraction of the bandwidth of the network.
  • Some other traffic will not be guaranteed resources but will be allocated resources on a 'best-effort' basis.
  • For best-effort traffic the bandwidth is only available when there is spare capacity, such as when those devices with reserved capacity are not using their full reserved quota of bandwidth.
  • best-effort traffic will receive a negligible fraction of the bandwidth or will even be blocked entirely.
  • the present invention seeks to provide an improved way of serving best-effort traffic in a network.
  • a first aspect of the present invention provides a method of allocating bandwidth to traffic within a communications network, the traffic comprising best-effort traffic and traffic which requires a guaranteed fraction of the total capacity of the network, the method comprising: determining the amount of best-effort traffic that is likely to be carried by the network; and, allocating a fraction of the total capacity of the network for the best- effort traffic based on the determination.
  • the best-effort traffic is guaranteed at least the allocated fraction of the total bandwidth rather than at most the remaining fraction.
  • the type of traffic which is typically classified as best-effort traffic is not always the least important traffic.
  • the network does not reserve bandwidth that is unlikely to be used.
  • the amount of best-effort traffic can be determined by monitoring best- effort traffic over a time period. This method has advantages over allocating a fixed percentage of the bandwidth for best-effort traffic, where the fixed percentage can be ill-matched to the required amount of bandwidth for best- effort traffic, leading either to insufficient bandwidth or an unnecessarily large amount of bandwidth reserved for best-effort traffic.
  • the network can be connected to an external network, such as the Internet, via a communication link with a limited capacity, such as a dial-up or broadband connection.
  • Web browsing traffic is usually classified as best-effort traffic.
  • the amount of bandwidth reserved for best-effort traffic can be based on the capacity of the communication link, or the connection speed of a communication device, such as an Internet gateway or modem, which accesses the communication link. In this way, the amount of reserved bandwidth is matched to the amount of bandwidth that is likely to be used by best-effort traffic.
  • the amount of reserved bandwidth can be 100% of the capacity of the communication link, or a lower percentage of the capacity, such as a figure in the range 10-30%.
  • the functionality described here can be implemented in software, hardware or a combination of these.
  • the invention can be implemented by means of hardware comprising several distinct elements, and by means of a suitably programmed computer. Accordingly, another aspect of the invention provides software for performing the method.
  • Figures 1 and 2 Figures 1 and 2; Figure 4 shows a controller for allocating bandwidth within the network of Figures 1 and 2; Figure 5 shows a method of operating a network control entity to allocate bandwidth in the network of Figures 1 and 2; and, Figure 6 shows another bandwidth allocation strategy for use in the network of Figures 1 and 2.
  • Figure 1 shows an example network 10 of multimedia devices which can exist, for example, within a home. The devices are shown logically connected together by a shared medium 20. The connection between the devices can be a wired connection, using a local area networking (LAN) protocol, or a wireless protocol such as IEEE 802.11 , HiperLAN/2 or BluetoothTM.
  • the network of Figure 1 includes a receiver 50 which receives broadcast content such as television and radio channels from a broadcast channel via an antenna 55.
  • a storage device 70 stores content such as audio tracks, video clips, movies and digital images.
  • the storage device can include a solid state memory device such as flash memory, high capacity hard-drives, drives for playing optical disks, such as compact discs or Digital Versatile Discs (DVDs) or drives for reading/writing magneto-optical storage devices.
  • Storage device 70 is accessible by other devices in the home network.
  • Media Rendering devices MR 60, 65 can render selected items of content for presentation to a user.
  • the Media Rendering devices 60, 65 typically include appropriate decoders for decoding the media content (such as an MP3 audio decoder and MPEG2 video decoder) along with output stages such as amplification and speakers 61 for providing an audio output and a display 62 for presenting a visual output.
  • a user interface (remote control) 40 allows a user to retrieve directories of content stored within network 10, to select an item of content and to select which device within the network 10 renders that item of content.
  • the user interface 40 can be a simple keypad or it can be a more complex device such as a touch-sensitive screen which may be combined with a display.
  • Network 10 also includes a personal computer (PC) 30. The PC can store content and make this available to other devices within the network 10.
  • PC personal computer
  • a gateway device 80 such as a digital subscriber line (DSL) modem, connects the home network 10 to the external network 100 via a communication link 85.
  • Communication link 85 will generally have a lower bandwidth than the shared medium 20.
  • link 85 will have a bandwidth of around 570Kb/s or 1Mb/s while the shared medium 20 will have a total bandwidth of around 11 Mbps for a wireless 802.11b LAN to 55 Mbps or 100 Mbps for standard wired Ethernet networks.
  • Each of the devices 30, 40, 50, 60, 65, 70, 80, 90 include a network interface which allows the device to access the shared medium 20 and communicate with other devices.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example scenario where three different traffic flows simultaneously occur. Firstly, a user downloads a number of audio tracks onto PC 30 from a server 110 on the Internet. Audio data takes path 201 from server 110, across Internet 100, along link 85, via gateway 80 and across the shared medium 20 of the home network 10. Secondly, while waiting for the audio tracks to download, the user views a television programme on portable device 60. A stream of audio visual (AV) data takes path 202 between broadcast receiver 50 and portable device 60, via the shared medium 20 of the home network 10. Thirdly, another user watches a movie on rendering device 65.
  • AV audio visual
  • a stream of AV data takes path 203 between storage device 70 and rendering device 65, via the shared medium 20 of the home network 10. Access to the shared medium 20 is controlled by a network controller 90.
  • Figure 3 shows an example allocation of the bandwidth.
  • the total bandwidth of the shared medium 20 is shown as B ⁇ .
  • Some types of traffic are guaranteed bandwidth on shared medium 20.
  • Delay-sensitive traffic such as AV data or other real-time content should be allocated a guaranteed share of the total bandwidth to ensure that the shared medium 20 can accommodate that traffic and prevent disruption to delivery of the content.
  • Two streams 301 , 302 are shown as guaranteed bandwidth B G ⁇ .
  • both the AV data 201 streamed between broadcast receiver 50 and device 60 and the AV data streamed between store 70 and device 65 are each guaranteed a fraction of the capacity of shared medium 20.
  • Other traffic such as web browsing traffic, is not guaranteed bandwidth but is allocated bandwidth on a best-effort basis.
  • Web browsing traffic which is classed as best-effort traffic, is allocated a minimum reserved amount of bandwidth BBE to ensure that it can access the shared medium. This not only prevents the guaranteed traffic from blocking the best-effort traffic completely but also ensures that the internet connection can be enjoyed at its full speed.
  • Figure 4 shows an embodiment of a network controller 90 as part of a wireless access point 95, such as a wireless access point in an IEEE 802.11e network.
  • Access point 95 comprises a network interface 91 which transmits and receives traffic across shared medium 20.
  • the interface 91 performs modulation and coding of traffic. Traffic is applied to a router 96, which routes message packets according to their source/destination addresses.
  • a gateway 80 receives packets addressed to it and connects to communication link 85 to external network 100. These functions are conventional and will be well understood.
  • Access to the shared medium is under the control of central controller 90.
  • a network device 30, 40, 50, 60, 65, 70, 80 which wishes to access the shared medium 20 sends a request to controller 90 with a description of how much traffic it wants to send.
  • An admission control function 92 uses an internal schedule 94 to decide whether the request for access can be accommodated. If it can, the access point will, at the times it calculated in its schedule 94, send a packet to a network device granting it permission to access the shared medium 20. In accordance with the invention, control function 92 and bandwidth allocation schedule 94 allocate an amount of bandwidth to best-effort traffic.
  • Network controller 90 interrogates 97 the gateway 80 to determine the actual connection speed. The connection speed will vary according to the capabilities of gateway 80 and the capabilities and quality of link 85.
  • Monitoring function 93 monitors the amount of best-effort traffic in network 10. Various known techniques can be used to achieve this, the simplest of which is to count best-effort packets. A raw count can be processed to derive one or more values representing average traffic over time periods.
  • monitoring function 93 can readily obtain a count of best-effort traffic from control function 92 or router 96.
  • the admission controller 90 and gateway 80 may be separated, as shown in Figure 1. Protocols such as Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) allow the controller 90 to retrieve the connection speed information from the gateway 80. Other protocols which the controller 90 and network devices 30, 40, 50, 60, 65, 70, 80 can use are Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP), Universal Plug and Play Quality of Service (UPnP-QoS) or other IEEE 802.11-specific reservation protocols.
  • RSVP Resource Reservation Protocol
  • UPN-QoS Universal Plug and Play Quality of Service
  • Figure 5 shows a sequence of steps in a method of allocating bandwidth to best-effort traffic, which can be performed by controller 90.
  • the controller first determines at step 402 if the network is required to carry best-effort traffic.
  • the controller 90 can check if an Internet gateway 80 is active in the network 10. If there is no requirement to carry best-effort traffic, then the method ends at step 404. If there is a requirement to carry best-effort traffic, the method proceeds to step 406 and determines the Internet connection speed, for example, by interrogating the Internet gateway 80.
  • the controller also determines the overall bandwidth of the shared medium 20.
  • the controller determines whether the Internet connection speed is a significant portion of the overall bandwidth. Depending on the answer, the controller follows one of two different courses of action: (1) at step 410 the controller allocates a share of bandwidth to best- effort traffic.
  • the amount of bandwidth B BE reserved for best-effort traffic is related to the Internet connection speed, based on the information about connection speed received from the gateway 80.
  • the amount of bandwidth reserved for best-effort traffic B B E can equal the connection speed, or it can be a fraction of the connection speed, e.g. 50%.
  • the reason for reserving a fraction of the Internet connection speed is because it is unlikely that the Internet connection will always be used at it's maximum capacity.
  • the value chosen will also depend on the relationship between the Internet connection speed and the total capacity of the shared medium 20. As an example, if the Internet connection has a bandwidth equal to 40% of the total network bandwidth, then it is undesirable to reserve network bandwidth equal to the Internet connection bandwidth as this would unfairly reduce the amount of bandwidth available for other traffic.
  • the Internet connection has a bandwidth equal to 5% of the total network bandwidth, then it is acceptable to reserve network bandwidth equal to the Internet connection bandwidth.
  • the reservation can be made once, such as when the gateway 80 is first turned on and registers with the network 10, and then remain static until the network configuration changes. This is a simple and cost-effective solution.
  • boundary 310 is set and maintained at this level until it is overridden or otherwise changed.
  • controller 90 can monitor actual use of the Internet connection and adjust the reservation made above to one that more accurately reflects the actual use of the Internet connection.
  • Figure 6 shows a movable bandwidth boundary 315. (2) at step 412 the controller monitors the amount of bandwidth used by best-effort traffic.
  • the amount of bandwidth reserved, at step 414, is based on the average value calculated at step 412.
  • the controller continues to monitor the average value of the best-effort traffic and varies the allocation according to the current average value of the best-effort traffic (BBE), as shown in step 416.
  • This method of operation is more desirable where the Internet connection speed (bandwidth) is a significant fraction of the overall network bandwidth. This method does require continuous monitoring of the network but, if the Internet connection speed is a significant portion of the overall network bandwidth, it is more desirable to operate in this manner to ensure that the reservation for best-effort traffic is not too high. It is desirable that an override option is provided which will override the denial of the admission of the new guaranteed stream. This results in a forced reduction of best-effort traffic.
  • An example situation would be where a user in network 10 wishes to view a video channel and there is not sufficient capacity on the shared medium 20.
  • the reserved bandwidth for best-effort traffic can be temporarily removed.
  • an override option is provided which will override the bandwidth reservations for specific guaranteed streams. This effectively cancels such a stream and frees the bandwidth for other streams or best-effort traffic.
  • a user is about to leave the home and wants to download large amounts of music data to a portable media player. Downloading music data is normally treated as best-effort traffic. It is possible to override a guaranteed bandwidth allocation to, for example, a video channel and increase the portion of the shared medium that is allocated to delivering best-effort traffic.
  • a bandwidth allocation to best-effort traffic is based on the connection speed of a connection to the Internet.
  • the invention is not limited to an Internet connection, and the connection speed of another communication link/channel which carries best-effort traffic can be used as a basis for the bandwidth allocation.
  • the above description generally refers to best-effort traffic
  • a control entity 90 determines the amount of best-effort traffic that is likely to be carried by the network 10 and allocates a fraction of the total capacity of the network for the best-effort traffic based on the determination. In this manner, the best-effort traffic is guaranteed at least the allocated fraction of the total bandwidth.
  • the allocation can be based on the capacity of a communication link 85 which carries best-effort traffic to an external network, a gateway 80 to the external network, or an average amount of best-effort traffic monitored over a time period.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)

Abstract

Selon l'invention, un réseau de communication (10) prend en charge un trafic au mieux et un trafic qui nécessite une fraction garantie de la capacité totale du réseau. Une entité de contrôle (90) détermine la quantité de trafic au mieux qui est susceptible d'être assurée par le réseau (10) et, sur la base de cette détermination, attribue une fraction de la capacité totale du réseau au trafic au mieux. De cette manière, le trafic au mieux se voit garantir au moins la fraction de largeur de bande totale qui lui a été attribuée. L'attribution peut reposer sur la capacité d'une liaison de communication (85) qui assure le trafic au mieux vers un réseau extérieur, d'une passerelle (80) vers le réseau extérieur, ou sur une quantité moyenne de trafic au mieux observée pendant une période de temps.
PCT/IB2005/051798 2004-06-08 2005-06-02 Attribution de largeur de bande permettant d'arriver a un trafic au mieux WO2005122500A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB0412930.0A GB0412930D0 (en) 2004-06-08 2004-06-08 Bandwidth allocation for best-effort traffic
GB0412930.0 2004-06-08

Publications (1)

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WO2005122500A1 true WO2005122500A1 (fr) 2005-12-22

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008060410A1 (fr) * 2006-11-09 2008-05-22 Lucent Technologies Inc. Procédé et dispositif pour surveiller l'utilisation de la bande passante dans un réseau domestique
EP2575302A1 (fr) 2011-09-30 2013-04-03 British Telecommunications Public Limited Company Procédé de gestion de bande passante pour la livraison de contenu et aspects correspondants

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6356565B1 (en) * 1997-06-19 2002-03-12 Universite Pierre Et Marie Curie (Paris Vi) Method of controlling bandwidth allocation in shared access local networks and a protocol and a filter for implementing the method

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6356565B1 (en) * 1997-06-19 2002-03-12 Universite Pierre Et Marie Curie (Paris Vi) Method of controlling bandwidth allocation in shared access local networks and a protocol and a filter for implementing the method

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
COURCOUBETIS C A ET AL: "Providing bandwidth guarantees over a best-effort network: call-admission and pricing", PROCEEDINGS IEEE INFOCOM 2001. THE CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS. 20TH. ANNUAL JOINT CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE COMPUTER ANDCOMMUNICATIONS SOCIETIES. ANCHORAGE, AK, APRIL 22 - 26, 2001, PROCEEDINGS IEEE INFOCOM. THE CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER COMMUNI, vol. VOL. 1 OF 3. CONF. 20, 22 April 2001 (2001-04-22), pages 459 - 467, XP010538727, ISBN: 0-7803-7016-3 *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008060410A1 (fr) * 2006-11-09 2008-05-22 Lucent Technologies Inc. Procédé et dispositif pour surveiller l'utilisation de la bande passante dans un réseau domestique
US7796521B2 (en) 2006-11-09 2010-09-14 Alcatel-Lucent Usa Inc. Method and apparatus for policing bandwidth usage for a home network
EP2575302A1 (fr) 2011-09-30 2013-04-03 British Telecommunications Public Limited Company Procédé de gestion de bande passante pour la livraison de contenu et aspects correspondants
WO2013045870A1 (fr) 2011-09-30 2013-04-04 British Telecommunications Plc Gestion de largeur de bande pour distribution de contenu
US9794189B2 (en) 2011-09-30 2017-10-17 British Telecommunications Public Limited Company Bandwidth management for content delivery

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Publication number Publication date
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