WO2005121697A1 - Optical fiber strain sensor - Google Patents
Optical fiber strain sensor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005121697A1 WO2005121697A1 PCT/CA2005/000884 CA2005000884W WO2005121697A1 WO 2005121697 A1 WO2005121697 A1 WO 2005121697A1 CA 2005000884 W CA2005000884 W CA 2005000884W WO 2005121697 A1 WO2005121697 A1 WO 2005121697A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fiber
- cavity
- sensor
- optical
- optical fiber
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
- G01B11/18—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge using photoelastic elements
Definitions
- the current invention applies to manufacturing and calibration process of strain sensor based on optical fiber that can be used to measure static or dynamic strain and deformations of different materials and systems.
- the technical problems that are solved by this invention relate to manufacturing of strain sensors with outer diameter that do not exceed the diameter of standard optical fiber, e.g. 125 ⁇ m and to a calibration procedure and setting of the sensor operating point.
- the sensor is exclusively designed from optical fibers (that base on pure or composite Si02+Ge02 glass) and can withstands broad temperature range (-270 C to 650 C).
- the sensor is based on air cavity Fabry-Perot that allows achieving high strain sensitivity while providing low temperature dependence.
- the use of standard optical fibers and commercially available manufacturing tools the invention allows for cost effective manufacturing of the sensor.
- the strain sensor is created with splicing of two optical fibers where at least at one tip of the fiber a cavity is created before the splicing.
- the thin air gap that forms between the fibers by this procedure functions as an optical resonator with partially reflective mirrors.
- the applied strain causes the cavity length change and this can be detected by high resolution in two ways. In the first way, the sensor is illuminated by broadband source and the spectrum of input and reflected optical power is compared to determine the cavity length. In the second, a narrow line width laser is used to directly observe the reflectivity of the sensor at particular wavelength. The calibration and tuning of the sensor operating point is achieved by controlled elongation of the sensor (section of splice with the air cavity) at the temperature that allows for plastic deformation of the optical fibers.
- the calibration of the optical resonator length is necessary in case of application of signal processing system that relies on narrow line width laser source and in case when these types of sensor are used to build quasi distributed network that is compatible with signal processing that uses optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) to determine stress applied at each individual sensor.
- OTDR optical time domain reflectometer
- Fig.1 illustrates a standard singlemode fiber with a spliced segment of a multimode optical fiber.
- Fig.2 illustrates an etched tip of the optical fiber shown in Fig. 1.
- Fig.3 illustrates an optical fiber with the cavity, spliced to another section of single mode fiber.
- Fig.4 illustrates an arrangement for performing calibration or fine-tuning of the sensor length with heating and sensor elongation.
- FIG. 1 shows a single mode optical fiber (SMF) 1 on which a section of multimode optical fiber (MMF) 2 is spliced and cleaved at desired distance 3 from the splice. This distance preferably ranges from 0 to 200 ⁇ m.
- the splicing is advantageously accomplished by the use of standard fusion splicer for optical fibers and the calving is performed by standard fiber cleaver.
- the outer diameter of fiber used in this example is preferably 125 ⁇ m.
- the diameter of SMF is approximately 9 ⁇ m 5.
- MMF has step or graded index profile with the core diameter of approximately 60 ⁇ m 6.
- the fiber tip prepared in accordance with previous paragraph is then dipped into HF acid that causes decomposition/etching of the MMF core.
- the etching is stopped at the interface of both fibers.
- the reflectivity at the fiber-air interfaces is then approximately 2%. This reflectivity is needed to achieve proper sensor operation. It is important to terminate the etching when the etching process reaches the interface between MMF and SMF, otherwise the SMF is damaged by HF that is reflected by drop for the cavity reflectivity.
- the reflected optical power is advantageously monitored during the etching and when the reflectivity reaches the maximum the etching is terminated.
- FIG. 1 shows etched cavity 7 at the tip of the fiber.
- Figure 3 is showing the spliced and etched fiber section after this section is spliced with another section of SMF 8. This creates an in-fiber cavity 9 at the position of the splice. In cases when longer air cavity is desired, it is possible to splice two etched fiber sections obtained by previously described procedure.
- the splicing procedure requires appropriate modification of fusion splicing parameters, e.g. modification of fusion temperature and fusion times.
- the fusion temperature is around 1800 C and the air that is trapped within the cavity expands if temperature increases after fibers come in contact. Under normal fusion conditions the cavity pressure rise and this leads to deformation of the cavity walls that results in decrease cavity reactivity or total destruction of the splice.
- the problem of splicing is solved in a way to perform the splicing in two steps. In the first step the fiber are preheated at higher temperature and when fibers come into the contact the temperature is slightly reduced until fusion is completed. This prevents deformation of the fibers during splicing.
- Figure 4 demonstrates the calibration principle of the in-fiber air cavity.
- the section of the fiber with in fiber cavity is heated by resistive wire coil 10 and then pulled apart.
- the fiber is fixed 11 at one side of the heating coil, while it is attached 12 at the moving linear stage 13 at the other.
- the temperature that allows for the plastic (permanent) elongation of the optical fiber is approximately 850-1000 C for Si02 fiber.
- the calibration procedure requires on line monitoring of the cavity length, for example by application of broadband source and spectrum analyzer.
- Figure 5 demonstrates typical reflectivity of the optical fiber strain sensors as a function of a strain.
- the sensor was calibrated in the vicinity of quadrature point and it was produced for the strain ranger of +- 5000 ⁇ m/m with approximately linear static characteristics.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Optical Transform (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SIP-200400159 | 2004-06-07 | ||
SI200400159A SI21816A (en) | 2004-06-07 | 2004-06-07 | Optical fibre elongation sensor |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005121697A1 true WO2005121697A1 (en) | 2005-12-22 |
Family
ID=35503177
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/CA2005/000884 WO2005121697A1 (en) | 2004-06-07 | 2005-06-07 | Optical fiber strain sensor |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
SI (1) | SI21816A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005121697A1 (en) |
Cited By (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1929249A1 (en) * | 2005-08-12 | 2008-06-11 | Fiso Technologies Inc. | Single piece fabry-perot optical sensor and method of manufacturing the same |
WO2008092372A1 (en) * | 2007-01-24 | 2008-08-07 | University Of Electronic Science And Technology Of China | An optical fiber febry-perot sensor and the manufacture method thereof |
CN102494702A (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2012-06-13 | 重庆大学 | Long period fiber grating sensor and remote-sensing demodulating system |
CN102645175A (en) * | 2012-03-31 | 2012-08-22 | 无锡成电光纤传感科技有限公司 | Optical fiber Fabry-Perot strain sensor structure |
US8655117B2 (en) | 2011-03-11 | 2014-02-18 | University of Maribor | Optical fiber sensors having long active lengths, systems, and methods |
US8655123B2 (en) | 2011-03-11 | 2014-02-18 | University of Maribor | In-line optical fiber devices, optical systems, and methods |
CN103676142A (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2014-03-26 | 福州高意通讯有限公司 | Scanning etalon |
CN103697921A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Optical fiber sensing head and optical fiber sensing system and method for measuring strain, stress and pressure based on sensing head |
EP2720020A1 (en) | 2012-10-15 | 2014-04-16 | HIDRIA AET Druzba za proizvodnjo vzignih sistemov in elektronike d.o.o. | Pressure sensing plug with integrated optical pressure sensor |
CN103940355A (en) * | 2014-02-26 | 2014-07-23 | 深圳大学 | Intensity-modulating-type optical-fiber Michelson strain sensor and manufacturing method thereof |
CN104596435A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2015-05-06 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | MEMS process based cavity length adjustable optical fiber F-P strain gauge and forming method |
CN105607188A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2016-05-25 | 南京吉隆光纤通信股份有限公司 | Double-electrode fiber Fabry-Perot cavity welding device |
WO2018010701A1 (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2018-01-18 | 上海交通大学 | Optical fibre sensor and sound wave detection application method therefor |
CN107817043A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-03-20 | 暨南大学 | A kind of air micro chamber fibre optic hydrophone and preparation method and signal detecting method |
CN108572047A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2018-09-25 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of optical fiber air pressure sensing device based on multiple Fabry-Perot micro chambers |
CN110044288A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-07-23 | 西北工业大学 | High temperature resistant strain transducer based on FBG |
CN110174068A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-08-27 | 西安工业大学 | A kind of sensitizing type Fabry-perot optical fiber microcavity strain transducer and preparation method thereof |
CN110470328A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-11-19 | 东北大学 | A kind of optical fiber FP sensor and preparation method thereof that can be filled with Low Drift Temperature |
CN110726374A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2020-01-24 | 天津大学 | Optical fiber Fabry-Perot strain sensor based on single-mode optical fiber, manufacturing method and measuring method |
CN110823359A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-02-21 | 北京遥测技术研究所 | Low-temperature optical fiber sound sensing system |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5528367A (en) * | 1994-09-09 | 1996-06-18 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | In-line fiber etalon strain sensor |
CA2267976A1 (en) * | 1996-10-09 | 1998-04-16 | John H. Belk | Strain sensor and system |
JP2001280922A (en) * | 2000-03-29 | 2001-10-10 | Tokyo Sokki Kenkyusho Co Ltd | Optical fiber type strain sensor, and manufacturing method therefor |
-
2004
- 2004-06-07 SI SI200400159A patent/SI21816A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2005
- 2005-06-07 WO PCT/CA2005/000884 patent/WO2005121697A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5528367A (en) * | 1994-09-09 | 1996-06-18 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | In-line fiber etalon strain sensor |
CA2267976A1 (en) * | 1996-10-09 | 1998-04-16 | John H. Belk | Strain sensor and system |
JP2001280922A (en) * | 2000-03-29 | 2001-10-10 | Tokyo Sokki Kenkyusho Co Ltd | Optical fiber type strain sensor, and manufacturing method therefor |
Cited By (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1929249A4 (en) * | 2005-08-12 | 2012-10-17 | Fiso Technologies Inc | Single piece fabry-perot optical sensor and method of manufacturing the same |
EP1929249A1 (en) * | 2005-08-12 | 2008-06-11 | Fiso Technologies Inc. | Single piece fabry-perot optical sensor and method of manufacturing the same |
WO2008092372A1 (en) * | 2007-01-24 | 2008-08-07 | University Of Electronic Science And Technology Of China | An optical fiber febry-perot sensor and the manufacture method thereof |
US9139468B2 (en) | 2011-03-11 | 2015-09-22 | University of Maribor | Optical fiber sensors having long active lengths, systems, and methods |
US8655117B2 (en) | 2011-03-11 | 2014-02-18 | University of Maribor | Optical fiber sensors having long active lengths, systems, and methods |
US8655123B2 (en) | 2011-03-11 | 2014-02-18 | University of Maribor | In-line optical fiber devices, optical systems, and methods |
CN102494702A (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2012-06-13 | 重庆大学 | Long period fiber grating sensor and remote-sensing demodulating system |
CN102645175A (en) * | 2012-03-31 | 2012-08-22 | 无锡成电光纤传感科技有限公司 | Optical fiber Fabry-Perot strain sensor structure |
CN103676142A (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2014-03-26 | 福州高意通讯有限公司 | Scanning etalon |
EP2720020A1 (en) | 2012-10-15 | 2014-04-16 | HIDRIA AET Druzba za proizvodnjo vzignih sistemov in elektronike d.o.o. | Pressure sensing plug with integrated optical pressure sensor |
CN103697921A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Optical fiber sensing head and optical fiber sensing system and method for measuring strain, stress and pressure based on sensing head |
CN103940355A (en) * | 2014-02-26 | 2014-07-23 | 深圳大学 | Intensity-modulating-type optical-fiber Michelson strain sensor and manufacturing method thereof |
CN104596435B (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2017-09-19 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | A kind of long adjustable optic fibre F P strain gauges of chamber based on MEMS technology and forming method |
CN104596435A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2015-05-06 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | MEMS process based cavity length adjustable optical fiber F-P strain gauge and forming method |
CN105607188B (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2019-03-22 | 南京吉隆光纤通信股份有限公司 | A kind of bipolar electrode fiber Fabry-Pérot cavity fusion splicing devices |
CN105607188A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2016-05-25 | 南京吉隆光纤通信股份有限公司 | Double-electrode fiber Fabry-Perot cavity welding device |
WO2018010701A1 (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2018-01-18 | 上海交通大学 | Optical fibre sensor and sound wave detection application method therefor |
CN108572047B (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2024-04-05 | 中国计量大学 | Optical fiber air pressure sensing device based on multiple Fabry-Perot microcavities |
CN108572047A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2018-09-25 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of optical fiber air pressure sensing device based on multiple Fabry-Perot micro chambers |
CN107817043A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-03-20 | 暨南大学 | A kind of air micro chamber fibre optic hydrophone and preparation method and signal detecting method |
CN110044288A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-07-23 | 西北工业大学 | High temperature resistant strain transducer based on FBG |
CN110174068A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-08-27 | 西安工业大学 | A kind of sensitizing type Fabry-perot optical fiber microcavity strain transducer and preparation method thereof |
CN110470328A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-11-19 | 东北大学 | A kind of optical fiber FP sensor and preparation method thereof that can be filled with Low Drift Temperature |
CN110470328B (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2021-07-09 | 东北大学 | Optical fiber FP sensor with low temperature drift and filling function and preparation method thereof |
CN110726374A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2020-01-24 | 天津大学 | Optical fiber Fabry-Perot strain sensor based on single-mode optical fiber, manufacturing method and measuring method |
CN110726374B (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2021-12-07 | 天津大学 | Optical fiber Fabry-Perot strain sensor based on single-mode optical fiber, manufacturing method and measuring method |
CN110823359A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-02-21 | 北京遥测技术研究所 | Low-temperature optical fiber sound sensing system |
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