WO2005116537A1 - A method for realizing magnetization and demagnetization of the magnetic refrigerating working substance, utilizing dynamic magnetic circuit - Google Patents

A method for realizing magnetization and demagnetization of the magnetic refrigerating working substance, utilizing dynamic magnetic circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005116537A1
WO2005116537A1 PCT/CN2004/000554 CN2004000554W WO2005116537A1 WO 2005116537 A1 WO2005116537 A1 WO 2005116537A1 CN 2004000554 W CN2004000554 W CN 2004000554W WO 2005116537 A1 WO2005116537 A1 WO 2005116537A1
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magnetic
magnetic circuit
magnetic field
magnet
dynamic
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French (fr)
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Dingwei Lu
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Nanjing University
Nanjing Tech University
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Nanjing University
Nanjing Tech University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2321/00—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B2321/002—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects by using magneto-caloric effects
    • F25B2321/0021—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects by using magneto-caloric effects with a static fixed magnet
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a type of refrigeration method, and particularly to a method for implementing magnetization and demagnetization of a magnetic refrigerant using a dynamic magnetic circuit in room temperature magnetic refrigeration. It can also be used in other applications where a changing magnetic field is used.
  • Refrigeration technology mainly includes liquid vaporization refrigeration, gas expansion refrigeration, adsorption refrigeration, thermoelectric refrigeration, vortex tube refrigeration, thermoacoustic refrigeration, pulse tube refrigeration, and magnetic refrigeration, etc., but the most popular is liquid vapor refrigeration.
  • Liquid vapor refrigeration requires the use of Freon. It not only destroys the ozone environment over the atmosphere, but also has a greenhouse effect. Therefore, refrigeration directly affects the use of energy and the quality of the environment. It is very urgent and significant to research and develop new energy-saving and environmental-friendly refrigeration methods. major.
  • NASA's Brown first used a sampan plate mixed with water-containing alcohol as a coolant to first achieve a temperature difference of 38 degrees in a superconducting magnetic field environment, showing the possibility of room-temperature magnetic refrigeration to humans.
  • AMR active magnetic regenerator
  • Room temperature magnetic refrigeration is an inevitable development of refrigeration, and it will certainly replace the current refrigeration method in the near future. All the air conditioners, refrigerators and other refrigerators associated with traditional cooling methods will complete a revolutionary change. However, to reach the market, room temperature magnetic refrigeration first needs to solve the problem of efficiency, reliability and economy. With the gradual maturity of room temperature magnetic refrigeration technology, the refrigeration industry around the world will completely change the existing product structure, and its market is immeasurable. Since 1997, practical research on room temperature magnetic refrigeration has begun. The initial success was achieved using a reciprocating approach. The method is to let the magnetic working medium enter the working space with a magnetic field by mechanical movement. At this time, the working medium is magnetized and has a heating effect.
  • the magnetic working fluid After the heat generated by the magnetocaloric effect is taken away by the cooling fluid, the magnetic working fluid is mechanically removed from the magnetic field region, so that the magnetic working fluid is cooled by the magnetocaloric effect. Because this working process is discontinuous, if the circulation speed of room temperature magnetic refrigerators is to be increased to increase the cooling capacity-while the cooling capacity of magnetic cooling is usually too small to have great application value, the reciprocating type is limited. Later, the research of room temperature magnetic refrigeration in the United States began to study the rotation mode. The magnetic structure of the magnet was changed from a hollow cylindrical shape to a shape where the letter C rotates around an axis outside the letter. It is because the magnetic working medium needs to use a driving robot arm to enter and leave the magnetic field space. This method reduces the magnetic field of the original 0-type magnet. In addition, the heat exchange is insufficient when the magnetic working medium is inside and outside the magnetic field.
  • the present invention is to provide a method for realizing the magnetization and demagnetization of a magnetic refrigerant using a dynamic magnetic circuit in room temperature magnetic refrigeration, which is capable of removing the band caused by the relative movement of the magnetic refrigerant and the magnet.
  • This is an effective method for difficult heat exchange fluid switching, while retaining the high refrigeration efficiency of magnetic refrigeration.
  • the magnetic field strength of room temperature magnetic refrigeration can be increased, the heat exchange effect can be improved, it is more suitable for practical use, and the cooling capacity of room temperature magnetic refrigeration can be increased.
  • Wide operating temperature range 20 ⁇ 330K.
  • a method for realizing magnetization and demagnetization of a magnetic refrigeration working medium by using a dynamic magnetic circuit in room temperature magnetic refrigeration which is characterized by using a dynamic magnetic circuit method to perform magnetic refrigeration working medium.
  • the method of magnetizing and demagnetizing the dynamic magnetic circuit is to control the size of the magnetic field of the magnetic refrigerant in the working space in the middle of the magnetic block by controlling the direction of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet block in the magnetic circuit.
  • the magnetic refrigerant is relative to the magnet. It is stationary without relative motion.
  • the method of the present invention performs dynamic magnetic circuit control on a closed magnetic circuit composed of a permanent magnet.
  • the magnetic circuit forms a closed loop with a plurality of small magnet units. Each small magnet unit is magnetized and installed at a certain angle in turn.
  • the central cavity of the block is the converging space of the magnetic field. At least four small magnets on the closed magnetic circuit rotate under the drive of external force. During the process of changing the magnetic field orientation, the magnetic field in the working space where the magnetic refrigerant is located will change from a strong magnetic field to Weak or no magnetic field changes periodically.
  • the method of the present invention further includes: closing the magnetic path to form a closed loop with a plurality of small magnet units, each of the small magnet units being magnetized and installed at a certain angle in turn, and at least four rotating small magnets on the closed magnetic circuit.
  • a cylindrical unit Is a cylindrical unit, and the shape of one end of the magnet adjacent to the cylinder on the closed magnetic circuit is a concave shape embedded in the cylinder.
  • the center of the entire magnet is equipped with a magnetic refrigeration working material.
  • the structure of the entire magnetic circuit can be square, rectangular or circular.
  • a pair of rotatable magnets can be provided on the magnetic circuit in the square, rectangle or circle to control the change of the magnetic field in the working space in the cavity.
  • an armature should be added for magnetic shielding. If a better shielding effect is required, the armature can be made in multiple layers, and a non-magnetic medium, such as plastic or graphite, is inserted between each layer of the armature.
  • the above-mentioned closed magnetic circuit magnets are connected in series with each other in the axial direction, and the adjacent magnetic blocks thereof have opposite orientations; they are combined with each other to form an even number.
  • the simplest and typical dynamic magnetic circuit is a square closed magnetic circuit. There are four cylindrical side magnet units on the four sides of the magnet, and cylindrical corner rotating magnet units can also be on the four corners.
  • All magnet units preferably require a high coercive force, which allows the permanent magnets to maintain the original magnetic field strength during repeated magnetization processes.
  • the magnetic refrigerant working medium is placed in the central cavity and is in a static state.
  • the inlet and outlet of the refrigerant can be made together to reduce the dead volume of the refrigerant flow and improve the heat exchange efficiency between the refrigerant and the cold accumulator.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a square closed magnetic circuit magnet of the present invention, and the center is a room temperature magnetic refrigerant.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a round closed magnetic circuit magnet of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field line distribution of the closed magnetic circuit of the present invention. Fig. 3 also shows that each small magnet constituting the ring has a different magnetization direction. Figure 3 shows a quadrant (1/4) small magnet distribution and magnetizing direction distribution. The remaining 3/4 are symmetrically distributed and form a closed magnetic circuit.
  • Figure 1 The structure of a square closed magnetic circuit magnet is a schematic diagram, which is not an ideal working magnetic circuit.
  • the ideal working magnetic circuit should have the closed magnetic circuit magnetic field lines as shown in FIG. 3, so that the central cavity has the strongest magnetic field, as shown in FIG.
  • each of the small magnets forming the ring has a different magnetization direction, so as to form the magnetic field distribution diagram of Fig. 3.
  • Selected materials NdFeB material, samarium cobalt alloy or other high performance permanent magnet materials.
  • the magnetization size of the four cylinders is the same, but can be different from other parts, but the cavity is required to have the largest magnetic field change when the cylindrical magnet unit rotates.
  • the two sets of magnets with the same field strength are stacked up and down in a manner that the magnetic field is reversed.
  • the magnetization directions of the two adjacent magnets are opposite. If the rotating shafts at the same position are connected, the attraction when rotating the magnets? ] Forces and repulsive forces can cancel each other out.
  • each small magnet unit is installed at a certain angle after being magnetized, so that the magnetic lines of force form a closed loop.
  • Such magnets must appear in pairs on symmetrical lines, so that the power required when rotating Smaller.
  • Figure 3 shows three pairs of rotatable magnets, and four pairs of rotatable magnets can also be provided.
  • Figure 1 is a sectional view after molding. The figure shows the shape of the magnetic block and the magnetic field direction of each magnetic block.
  • the eight magnetic blocks need to be processed before being magnetized and assembled.
  • the four blocks on the side are cylindrical, and there is a concave half garden that fits with this.
  • the shaft for rotary drive needs to use high-strength non-magnetic material metal or alloy material.
  • the shaft should be installed in a bearing to avoid or reduce the friction between the cylindrical magnetic block and the wall of the cylindrical cavity.
  • An armature should be added to the entire installed magnetic block for shielding. If a good shielding effect is required, the armature can be made in multiple layers, and a non-magnetic shield, such as plastic, is inserted between each layer of armature.
  • the magnets can be connected in series with each other in the axial direction, but it should be noted that the directions of the magnetic blocks are opposite;
  • Figure 1 The assembly structure of Figure 2-3 is shown in Figure 1: the structure of the cylindrically-connected magnet in Figure 2.
  • the figure is symmetrical left and right.
  • the internal magnetization direction of each sector is the same, and the magnetization directions of adjacent magnetic blocks differ by 60 ". Therefore, the magnetization direction of the first block on the top right is vertically 30 ° to the right, and Yu sequentially Add 60 °.
  • the left side is magnetized symmetrically to the right side.
  • Figure 3 This figure shows the distribution of magnetic field lines in a 1/4 cross section in a cylinder. The other parts are symmetrical. It is uniform in the center circular hole, and there are some magnetic leaks on the outside of the magnet because 16 finite blocks are used to form the loop.
  • the size of the outer cylinder is 13 cm in diameter, while the diameter of the inner cylinder hole is 3.2 cm.
  • Each small magnet unit in Figure 1-2 is installed at a certain angle after being magnetized.
  • the central cavity is the converging space of the magnetic field.
  • a region in which a strong magnetic field is formed from a closed magnetic circuit to a weak magnetic field or no magnetic field periodic change can be formed.
  • the size described in the present invention is only an example, and the size is not limited.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)

Description

采用动态磁路实现磁制冷工质磁化和去磁的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一类制冷方法， 特別是在室温磁制冷中采用动态磁路来实现磁制 冷工质磁化和去磁的方法。 也可用于其他使用变化磁场的场合。
背景技术
现代社会的发展和生活质量的提高要求有舒适的环境， 作为现代科学的血液 的制冷技术在近 200年逐步发展和成熟，给人类的生活带来了舒适和享受、也给 科学和技术提供了研究和使用平台。 因为人类能源有三分之一消耗在制冷上， 因 此制冷技术的状况对人类的生存极为重要。制冷技术主要有液体汽化制冷、气体 膨胀制冷、 吸附制冷、 热电制冷、 涡流管制冷、 热声制冷、 脉冲管制冷以及磁制 冷等多种形式， 但最流行的是液体汽化制冷。 液体汽化制冷需要使用氟里昂， 它 不但破坏大气层上空的臭氧环境， 而且还具有温室效应， 因此制冷直接影响了能 源的使用和环境的质量，研究和发展节能环保的新型制冷方式就非常迫切和意义 重大。
磁制冷作为一种制冷方式在 1926年就在科学上得以确认， 它理论上具有最 高的循环效率， 而且没有压缩机， 所以就成了物理学家梦寐以求的制冷方式。但 后来的研究仅仅在极低温领域（绝对零度附近）获得成功， 并且早已生产出了氦 的磁制冷液化设备。在室温磁制冷部分则经历了太多的失败后长期停滞不前，一 直没有什么进展。 和低温下的磁制冷不同， 室温磁制冷在循环方式、磁制冷工质 以及磁场上都有特殊的要求， 因此实现起来十分艰难。
1976年， 美国宇航局 ( NASA )的 Brown使用钆板加混有水的酒精作蓄冷剂在 超导磁场环境下下首先实现了 38度的温差，向人类显示了室温磁制冷的可能性。
1982年， 美国的 Barc lay和 Clayar t提出了主动式磁蓄冷器（ AMR ) 的新概 念， 为实用化的室温磁制冷做了理论上的准备。
1990年， 美国能源部资助 NASA和衣阿华大学 Ames实验室开展基于 AMR的室 温磁制冷样机研究。 在室温磁制冷材料研究上， 他们于 1997年发现钆硅锗合金 具有超过礼的所谓巨磁热效应，给主动式磁蓄冷器找到了用武之地。在室温磁制 冷机的研究 ， 经过近 8年的艰苦摸索， 1997年人类第一台能长期高效运转的 往复式室温磁制冷机宣告问世。 其使用的制冷工质是金属钆球， 直径在 0. ΙιηηΓθ. 3醒之间， 重量为 3公斤， 使用的超导磁场为 1. 5一 5特斯拉， 循环周期 为 6秒， 运转了 1500小时。 在 5特斯拉磁场下工作时热力学完善度达到 60%, 在 1. 5特斯拉磁场下工作时则大约为 20%。 这项工作预示着室温磁制冷技术走向 实用时代的来临。
替换页（细则第 26条) 室温磁制冷是制冷的必然发展之路， 它必将在不远的将来取代现行的制冷方 式。一切与传统制冷方式相联系的空调、冰箱和其他制冷机将完成革命性的转变。 但是，室温磁制冷要走向市场首先需要解决效率问题、可靠性问题和经济性问题。 随着室温磁制冷技术的逐步成熟， 全世界的制冷产业将彻底改变现有的产品结 构， 其市场不可估量。 自 1997年以来， 室温磁制冷就开始了实用化研究。 最初 的成功是使用往复的方式来获得的。该方法是让磁工质靠机械运动进入有磁场的 工作空间， 这个时候工质被磁化而有发热效应。再通过冷却流体带走因磁热效应 而产生的热量后再用机械的方法使磁工质离开磁场区域，这样磁工质就因为磁热 效应而降温。 因为这个工作过程是断续的， 因此如果要提高室温磁制冷机的循环 速度来增加制冷量一一而磁制冷的制冷量通常太小而没有太大的应用价值，往复 式是有限制的。后来美国的室温磁制冷探究开始研究旋转方式，其磁体结构是磁 场从中空的圆柱型改成了字母 C型绕字母外的一根轴旋转的形状， 其中原来的 0 型截面改成 C型截面是因为磁性工质进出磁场空间需要使用驱动机械臂。这种方 法降低了原来 0型磁体的磁场，另外在磁工质处于磁场内和磁场外时的换热也是 不充分的。
发明内容
本发明的回的是： 提供一种在室温磁制冷中采用动态磁路来实现使磁制冷工 质磁化和去磁的方法，这是一种能够去除因磁性工^与磁体的相对运动而带来的 换热流体切换困难的有效方法， 同时保留了磁制冷的高制冷效率。 用此种对磁工 质磁化和去磁的工作方法， 可以达到提高室温磁制冷工作磁场强度， 改善换热效 果， 更适合于实用，且提高室温磁制冷的制冷量。工作温度的范围宽： 20Γ330Κ。
本发明的目的是这样实现的： 一种在室温磁制冷中采用动态磁路来实现使磁 制冷工质磁化和去磁的方法，其特征是使用动态磁路的方法来对磁制冷工质进行 磁化和去磁，所迷动态磁路的方法是通过控制磁路中永磁体块的磁场方向来控制 磁制冷工质在磁块中间的工作空间中磁场的大小，而磁制冷工质相对于磁体是静 止的， 没有相对运动。
本发明的方法是在一个永久磁体构成的闭合磁路上进行动态磁路控制， 磁路 由多个小磁体单元构成一个闭合回路，各小磁体单元分别充磁后依次按照一定的 角度安装好， 整个磁块的中央空腔是磁场的会聚空间， 闭合磁路上至少有四块小 磁体在外力驱动下旋转，在变换磁场取向的过程中，磁制冷工质所在的工作空间 中的磁场将从强磁场到弱磁场或无磁场周期性变化。
本发明的方法还包括： 闭合磁路由多个小磁体单元构成一个闭环， 各小磁体 单元分别充磁后依次按照一定的角度安装好，闭合磁路上至少有四块旋转的小磁 体，此小磁体是圆柱形的单元， 而闭合磁路上与该圆柱相邻的磁体的一端形状是 嵌入圆柱的凹形。 整个磁体的中央装有磁制冷工质材料。
2
替换页（细则第 26条) 整个磁路的结构可以是方形、 矩形或圆形。一^而言， 在所述方形、 矩形或 圆形中的磁路上， 均可设有成对的可旋转磁体来控制空腔中工作空间磁场的变 化。
在整个闭合磁路磁块安装好后外应该加上衔铁进行磁屏蔽。 如果要求比较好 的屏蔽效果， 衔铁可以做成多层的形式， 在每层衔铁之间插入非磁性的介质， 譬 如塑料， 石墨。
为了减少外驱动的力矩或输入功率，实用中上述闭合磁路磁体沿着轴向相互 串联， 其相邻磁块的取向相反； 相互组合以偶数个成一組。
最简单而典型的动态磁路是正方形闭合磁路，磁体的四边上有四个圆柱形的 边磁体单元 , 四个角上也可以有圆柱形的角旋转磁体单元。
所有的磁体单元最好都要求高的矫顽力，可以使工作过程中永磁体在不断的 反复磁化过程中保持原有的磁场强度。
本发明的特点是：
1、 可以减小运动部件的运动幅度，从而缩小体积；
2、 磁制冷工质置于中央空腔，处于静止状态，可以将载冷剂的进出口做在一起， 从而减少载冷剂流动的死体积,提高载冷剂与蓄冷器的换热效率；
3、 减少了旋转式磁制冷机中大量管道的使用；
4、 载冷剂流向的切换阀门数量也减少了，而这种阀门不但占据不小的体积，而且 制造困难， 成本高。
附图说明
图 1为本发明正方形闭合磁路磁体结构示意图， 中央为室温磁制冷工质 图 2为本发明圆形闭合磁路磁体结构示意图
图 3为本发明闭合磁路磁力线分布示意图， 图 3中亦表示构成圆环的每块小 磁体均有不同的充磁方向。 图 3中给出的是一个象限的 （1 /4 ) 小磁体分布和充 磁方向分布。 其余 3/4部分为对称分布， 并构成闭合磁路。
图中小永磁体 1 , 可旋转永磁体 2、 中央空腔 3。 图中的箭头表示了磁体的克 磁方向。 具体实施方式
图 1正方形闭合磁路磁体结构是一示意图， 并不是理想的工作磁路， 理想的 工作磁路应该具有如图 3所示的闭合磁路磁力线， 使中央空腔具有最强的磁场， 如图 2 所示， 组成圆环的每个小磁体均有不同的充磁方向， 这样才能构成图 3 的磁场分布图
选用的材料： 钕铁硼材料、 钐钴合金或者其他高性能永磁性材料。
工作过程及结构： 使用上述永磁体材料按照以下方式和步骤构成磁路：
3
替换页（细则第 26条) 1、 图 1所示， 将八块小磁体单元（画有箭头， 且为充磁方向 )分別充磁后 依次按照一定的图示角度安装好 5 使磁力线构成闭合回路， 共有八块小磁体， 中 央空腔是磁场的会聚空间。紧靠空腔的正方形边上四个圆柱磁块的磁化方向在对 称位置上是一致的， 图中的方形只是示意， 应为图 2所示置于空腔的圓柱， 而且 可以旋转。每个圆柱的直径大小与空腔外边缘的尺寸大小相近，具体大小是要求 使空腔中的磁场在该四个圆柱旋转变化方向时磁场的变化最大。这样的磁体按照 用途可以改为中空圓柱体， 也可以为中空的正方体。
2、 四个圓柱的充磁大小相同， 但可以异于其他部分， 但是要求该空腔在圆 柱磁铁单元旋转时磁场变化最大
3、 如果四个角上也使用圓柱旋转磁体单元， 则该四个角磁体单元和边磁体 旋转单元的组合动作将使磁场不仅可以大小变化， 而且还能实现磁场的反向。
4、 将同样场强的这样两套磁体上下按照磁场反向的方式迭起， 相邻的两磁 体的充磁方向是相反的，如果把相同位置的旋转轴连接起来， 则旋转磁体时的吸 ？ ]力和排斥力可以相互抵消。
图 3所示， 将各小磁体单元分别充磁后侬次按照一定的角度安装好，使磁力 线构成闭合回路，这样的磁体必须是在对称线上成对出现，这样在转动的时候需 要的动力较小。 图 3为三对可旋转磁体， 亦可以设置 4对可旋转磁体。
永磁体材料的选择： 高矫顽力钕铁硼（例如要求 He 2Tes la ), 衔铁等； 模 式： 方型中空， 周围是等体积的八个立方体， 每个磁块的典型尺寸为 3 cm* 3cm* 5 cm, 更具体的设计如下：
1、 图 1是成型后的截面图。 图中表示的是磁块的形状和各个磁块的磁场指向。
该 8个磁块需要先加工完毕后再充磁装配。 边上四块为圆柱， 与此啮合的有 配合的凹形半圃。
2、 将与中间相邻近的四个立方形磁体切割成圓柱形状取出再加工， 同时保留周 围的剩余部分。
3、 将剩余部分与周围的四个立方形 （位于角上）用胶做紧密连接。
4、 在可旋转磁体即圆柱形的空腔内壁涂上润滑材料二硫化钼 （用黄油调制）。 5、 在四个圓柱体的两头打上孔再装入驱动轴固定好。
6、 供旋转驱动使用的轴需要使用高强度的非磁性材料金属或者合金材料。
7、 在磁体的外部， 轴应该裝入一个轴承内， 以避免或者减少圓柱磁块与圓柱腔 壁的摩擦。
8、 在整个安装完了的磁块外应该加上衔铁进行屏蔽。 如果要求比较好的屏蔽效 果， 衔铁可以做成多层的形式， 在每层衔铁之间插入非磁性的介盾， 譬如塑 料） 石.夏
9、 这佯的磁体可以沿轴向相互串联， 但需要注意其磁块的方向要相反； 在串联
4
替换页（细则第 26条) 成四组时， 两头的两组方向应该一致， 而中间两组的则与两端的两组相反， 这样可以减少旋转时的不稳定性。
图 2-3的装配结构如图 1: 图 2中圓柱形动态连接的磁体结构， 图是左右对 称的。 其中的每个扇形的内部磁化方向是一致的，相邻磁块之间的磁化方向相差 60"。 因此， 最上面的右侧第一块的磁化方向为竖直偏右 30°, 余顺次加 60°。 而 左侧则与右侧对称磁化。
图 3: 该图示出了圆柱内 1/4截面的磁力线分布。 其他部分是对称的。 在中 心圆孔内是均匀的， 而在磁体的外部因为使用了 16块有限的磁块构成回路， 所 以有些磁泄漏。 图中的外圓柱尺寸为 13厘米直径， 而内圆柱孔的直径为 3. 2厘 米。
图 1-2的各小磁体单元分别充磁后依次按照一定的角度安装好， 中央空腔是 磁场的会聚空间， 旋转磁块在旋转时， 可以看到变换磁场取向的过程中， 使中央 空腔的磁制冷工质工作空间中能够由闭合磁路形成强磁场到弱磁场或无磁场周 期变化的区域。
本发明所述尺寸只是一种例子， 并不是限定这个尺寸。
5
替换页（细则第 26条)

Claims

权利要求
1、一种在室温磁制冷中采用动态磁路来实现磁制冷工质磁化和去磁的方法， 其特征是使用动态磁路的方法来对磁制冷工质进行磁化和去磁,所述动态磁路的 方法是通过控制磁路中永磁体块的磁场方向来控制磁制冷工质工作空间中磁场 的大小， 而磁制冷工质相对于磁体是静止的。
2、 由权利要求 1 所述的在室温磁制冷中采用动态磁路来实现使磁制冷工质 磁化和去磁的方法，其特征是在一个永久磁体构成的闭合磁路上进行动态磁路控 制， 闭合磁路由多个小磁体单元构成一个闭环，各小磁体单元分别克磁后依次按 照一定的角度安装好， 中央空腔是磁场的会聚空间， 闭合磁路上至少有四块小磁 体在外力驱动下旋转，在变换磁场取向的过程中，磁制冷工质所在的工作空间中 的磁场将从强磁场到弱磁场或无磁场周期性变化。
3、 由权利要求 1 所述的在室温磁制冷中采用动态磁路来实现使磁制冷工质 磁化和去磁的方法， 其特征是闭合磁路由多个小磁体单元构成一个闭环，各小磁 体单元分别充磁后依次按照一定的角度安装好，闭合磁路上至少有四块旋转的小 磁体， 此小磁体是圓柱形的单元， 而闭合磁路上与其相邻的磁体一端形状是嵌入 圆柱的凹形。 闭合磁路的中央设有磁制冷工质材料。
4、 由权利要求 1所述的在室温磁制冷中采用动态磁路来实现使磁制冷工质 磁化和去磁的方法， 其特征是整个磁路结构构成方形、 矩形或圆形， 并在其几何 对称线上， 设有成对的可旋转磁体。
5、 由权利要求 4所述的在室温磁制冷中采用动态磁路来实现使磁制冷工质 磁化和去磁的方法， 其特征是在所述圓柱形动态连接的磁体结构中，其中的每个 扇形的内部磁化方向是一致的， 相邻磁块之间的磁化方向相差 60°, 最上面的右 侧第一块的磁化方向为竖直偏右 30°, 余顺次加 60°, 而左侧则与右侧对称磁化。
6、 由权利要求 4所述的在室温磁制冷中采用动态磁路来实现使磁制冷工质 磁化和去磁的方法， 其特征是磁路结构是正方形磁路，磁体的四边上有四个圆柱 形的磁体单元， 四个角上也可以有圆柱形的角旋转磁体单元。
7、 由权利要求 4 所述的在室温磁制冷中采用动态磁路来实现使磁制冷工质 磁化和去磁的方法，其特征是整个闭合磁路磁块安装好后外应该加上衔铁进行磁 屏蔽。
8 由权利要求 7所述的在室温磁制冷中采用动态磁路来实现使磁制冷工质 磁化和去磁的方法， 其特征是上述闭合磁路磁体沿着轴向相互串联， 其相邻磁块 的取向相反； 相互组合以偶数个成一组。
9、 由权利要求 7或 8所述的在室温磁制冷中采用动态磁路来实现使磁制冷 工质磁化和去磁的方法，其特征是在可旋转磁体即圆柱形的空腔内壁涂上润滑材 料二硫化钼。
6
替换页（细则第 26条) 、 由权利要求 7或 8所述的在室温磁制冷中采用动态磁路来实现使磁制冷 工质磁化和去装置， 其特征是磁体可以沿轴向相互串联， 相邻磁块的方向要 相反； 在串联成四组时， 两头的两組方向应该一致， 而中间两组的则与两端 的两組相反， 这样可以减少旋转时的不稳定性。
替换页（细则第 26条；)
PCT/CN2004/000554 2004-05-28 2004-05-28 A method for realizing magnetization and demagnetization of the magnetic refrigerating working substance, utilizing dynamic magnetic circuit Ceased WO2005116537A1 (en)

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CN105890222A (zh) * 2016-06-05 2016-08-24 山东商业职业技术学院 一种基于磁力旋转强化换热的非接触式电磁快速蓄冷系统
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CN110277214A (zh) * 2019-07-26 2019-09-24 宁波尼兰德磁业股份有限公司 超高用磁场磁回路
CN110595105A (zh) * 2018-06-13 2019-12-20 青岛海尔智能技术研发有限公司 一种磁制冷换热装置、系统及其控制方法
CN112629059A (zh) * 2020-12-31 2021-04-09 包头稀土研究院 评价室温磁制冷材料制冷能力的方法及热交换装置

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CN105841422A (zh) * 2016-06-05 2016-08-10 山东商业职业技术学院 一种基于磁力旋转强化换热的非接触式永磁快速蓄冷系统
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CN105890259A (zh) * 2016-06-05 2016-08-24 山东商业职业技术学院 一种基于磁力线性运动强化换热的非接触压差式快速蓄冷系统
CN110595105A (zh) * 2018-06-13 2019-12-20 青岛海尔智能技术研发有限公司 一种磁制冷换热装置、系统及其控制方法
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CN110277214A (zh) * 2019-07-26 2019-09-24 宁波尼兰德磁业股份有限公司 超高用磁场磁回路
CN112629059A (zh) * 2020-12-31 2021-04-09 包头稀土研究院 评价室温磁制冷材料制冷能力的方法及热交换装置
CN112629059B (zh) * 2020-12-31 2024-03-29 包头稀土研究院 评价室温磁制冷材料制冷能力的方法及热交换装置

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