WO2005109185A1 - A method for improving efficiency of events transmission and processing in digital television receiving device - Google Patents

A method for improving efficiency of events transmission and processing in digital television receiving device

Info

Publication number
WO2005109185A1
WO2005109185A1 PCT/CN2005/000624 CN2005000624W WO2005109185A1 WO 2005109185 A1 WO2005109185 A1 WO 2005109185A1 CN 2005000624 W CN2005000624 W CN 2005000624W WO 2005109185 A1 WO2005109185 A1 WO 2005109185A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
event
processing
events
thread
efficiency
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2005/000624
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jun Sun
Hongtao Liao
Shan Chen
Qing Wang
Haisheng Sun
Original Assignee
St Microelectronics Nv
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by St Microelectronics Nv filed Critical St Microelectronics Nv
Publication of WO2005109185A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005109185A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/443OS processes, e.g. booting an STB, implementing a Java virtual machine in an STB or power management in an STB

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for transmitting event information, and belongs to the technical field of digital television receiving equipment.
  • Digital TV receiving equipment refers to hardware equipment capable of receiving, decoding, and displaying digital TV signals. It is used in the field of digital TV and is a terminal for the realization of digitalization of analog TV (see Figure 1). Digital television receiving equipment receives digital image and data information. Therefore, unlike traditional analog television signal receiving and processing, digital television receiving equipment receives and processes digital image information and data through its internal CPU. And peripheral devices connected to it. The receiving system is based on the corresponding hardware and operating system to develop applications suitable for digital television receiving equipment; Similarly, some professional digital broadcast content service providers also need to develop according to the hardware performance and functions of different digital television receiving equipment Corresponding service software.
  • TS stream transport stream
  • the transmission stream is modulated to form an electromagnetic signal and transmitted to a digital television receiving device.
  • set-top box The working principle of digital TV receiving equipment (set-top box) is as follows:
  • the tuning / selection module receives electromagnetic signals and selects a certain range of bandwidth.
  • the demodulation module converts the signal into a data stream (Bitstre am s).
  • the demultiplexing module extracts the desired information from the data streams (Bitstreams) and provides it to different decoders in an appropriate manner. It includes a descrambler that cooperates with the conditional access module.
  • the video decoding module converts the video bit stream in the displayed image sequence.
  • the audio decoding module converts the audio bit stream in the analog audio signal.
  • the graphics engine builds the graphics layer and mixes it with the video in the PAL / NTSC analog signal request before sending.
  • the front control panel is responsible for interpreting user commands issued by the remote control, wireless keyboard or front panel.
  • the video bit stream and audio bit stream are mixed with the image through the image processor and converted into analog audio and video signals, which are output to the display screen (TV).
  • the data stream flows into the CPU through the demultiplexer and is processed by the system program running on the central processing unit (CPU). The processed results can be mixed with the audio and video streams and output to the display device.
  • Each application or thread call to a resource module can be synchronous or asynchronous.
  • the synchronous call is Blocking mode.
  • Asynchronous calls are in a non-blocking (No Blocking) manner.
  • the called function returns, the request issued by the function may not be executed, and the caller cannot immediately obtain the execution result.
  • the resource module executes the corresponding request, it will send an event to the caller to return the requested execution result and related data. .
  • each event or message has a type identifier, and the nature of the event is distinguished in order to achieve the identification of the event. effect.
  • the receiving and decoding equipment of digital televisions are generally weak and the CPU processing speed is slow, if the traditional method is adopted, it will affect the visual effect of digital televisions and the performance of receiving equipments.
  • the method of the present invention is a solution proposed for the deficiency of traditional technology.
  • Thread A program with a certain operating environment. Threads can exchange information by sending events.
  • Application A program that meets certain functional requirements and purposes. Multiple threads can be used in an application.
  • Resources refers to the software or hardware used to implement certain functions in digital television receiving equipment, such as providing audio and video decoding, data loaders, etc.
  • Resource module refers to the software and hardware modules that provide resources. Summary of the invention.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for improving event information transmission and processing efficiency in a digital television receiving device.
  • identifying the type of event specifying the method of carrying data, standardizing the process and protocol of event registration and retrieval, reducing the time waiting for processing of the event, thereby increasing the communication speed between different modules and improving the efficiency of processing data.
  • the present invention solves the above problems through the following technical solutions.
  • Design an event manager in the digital TV receiving device specify the type (type, code) of the event, the data format (data) to be carried, the way to register and deregister, the processing strategy, and the way to queue the event so that the event Can effectively transfer and process information in different applications and threads.
  • the events described in this method have the following characteristics: Each event is uniquely determined by a type and code. The result of the call is returned to the event handler through the data pointer in the event:
  • the data pointer can point to different data structures depending on the type of event. If there is no special indication, when sending an event, the data pointer passed with the event should point to a dynamically allocated data space (instead of passing the address of the static space), so that when the application receives the event, it can pass the data pointer Obtain correct data information. At the same time, after using the data, the data pointer can be released by the event sender or the event handler. Event-based communication mechanisms can also be used in other situations, such as a thread sending information to other threads.
  • the method of the present invention is to implement an event manager in a digital television receiving device for transmitting and processing events, and it includes the following steps. First, the transmission and processing of events:
  • the target thread When using the event communication mechanism, the target thread must first register with the event manager, and give the type of event to be monitored and its callback function address. When an event arrives, the event manager calls the callback function and passes it an event pointer, and returns its stored client data to the callback function. An application or thread can register to listen to multiple events at the same time. The operation flow of the event mechanism is shown in Figure 2.
  • a thread or application can issue a logout request to the event manager, and the event manager will release the unprocessed event and its corresponding data.
  • the event manager can use the following data list:
  • each thread record also contains a callbakc record list and an event record list.
  • the callback function list is used to record the callback function registered by the listening thread. Whenever the thread registers a callback function,
  • EventManager will add a callback function record to the callback record list.
  • EventManager When sending an event, EventManager will check whether there is a callback for the event in the callback record of the thread, and if so, add the event to the event record list of the thread. in. ; When the callback function is unregistered, the entry in the list will be deleted, and this type of event will not be sent to the thread afterwards.
  • the event list is used to record the events sent to the thread.
  • the EventManager will check whether the callback function list of the sent thread is registered for the event, and if so, add the event to the event.
  • the event list of the thread if the listening thread wants to obtain an event, the corresponding event record can be found in the event list.
  • a thread or application When a thread or application registers a processing request for an event, it can be in a state waiting for the event. After the event is generated or arrived, it processes the event.
  • the handler that calls the event (callback function). First, the event is sent to the event manager.
  • the event manager calls the event handler (callback function).
  • the sender of the event directly calls the event handler for processing. Both approaches are essentially the same.
  • the RTOS scheduler is responsible for deciding which thread to execute.
  • All threads can use the event manager. So each event management function should be thread-safe.
  • the unregistration process works similarly. First obtain the thread record, then find the record of the callback in the callback list according to callbackld, delete the record, and if all callback functions of the thread are deleted, clear the thread record, including the events in it. Records, etc.
  • the main workflow for sending events is as follows
  • an event header pointer is added to the thread structure, and a next pointer is added to the event structure to point to the next Events, which in turn form a single linked list of events, take the first event of this linked list each time an event is removed, and add it to the end of the linked list when sending an event. Capture and uncapture of this event
  • the function of capturing / uncapturing events is managed through a capture list.
  • the EventManager first checks whether the event has been monopolized by the thread. If so, it does nothing. Otherwise, add a record to the capture list, the record is always added to the head of the capture linked list, and record the type, code and capture thread id of the capture event, so when sending an event, first in the capture list according to the first to last Sequentially find the record of the event. If there is a record and the thread id is different from the thread id to be sent to, the event is not sent to the thread. When the capture event is canceled, the corresponding record is found in the capture list, and the record is deleted.
  • Figure 1 illustrates the main role of a digital television receiver.
  • Figure 2 describes the operation flow of the event mechanism.
  • the thread registers with the event manager, giving the type of event to be monitored and the address of its callback function.
  • the event manager calls back Call the function and pass it an event pointer, and return the client data it stored to the callback function.
  • An application or thread can register to listen to multiple events at the same time.
  • Figure 3 depicts a list of event data and processing functions.
  • Figure 4 describes the main workflow of the registration callback function. detailed description
  • the event manager needs to be initialized before use.
  • the initialization function is MBT_EvtInit (),
  • the event can be sent to a thread or broadcasted to all the threads listening to the event ii.
  • the data release function should be given c) Exclusive event To use
  • the present invention provides a method for improving event transmission and processing in a digital television receiving device and its design concept.
  • the above embodiments are only used to illustrate rather than limit the technical solution of the present invention, although referring to the above The embodiment describes the present invention in detail, and those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can still be performed. Modifications or equivalent substitutions, without any modification or partial replacement without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, shall be covered by the scope of claims of the present invention.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)

Description

一种提高数字电视接收设备中事件传递与处理的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种事件信息传递的方法, 属于数字电视接收设备技术领域。
背景技术
数字电视接收设备泛指能够接收、 解码和显示数字电视信号的硬件设备, 它应用于数 字电视领域, 是模拟电视数字化得以实现的终端(见图 1)。数字电视接收设备所接收的是 数字化的图像和数据信息, 因此, 不同于传统的模拟电视信号的接收与处理, 数字电视接 收设备对数字化的图像信息和数据的接收及处理是通过其内部的 CPU及与其相连接的外围 器件进行的。 接收系统就是在相应的硬件及操作系统的基础上开发出数字电视接收设备适 用的应用程序; 同样, 一些专业的数字广播内容服务商也需要根据不同的数字电视接收设 备的硬件性能和功能开发出相应的服务软件。
在电视台或电视运营商的广播设备中,音视频信号与数据内容经过前端的复用器混合, 形成传输流(TS流)。 传输流经过调制形成电磁信号传送到数字电视接收设备中。 数字电 视接收设备 (机顶盒)工作的原理如下:
♦ 调谐 /选择模块接受到电磁信号并选择一定范围的带宽。
♦ 解调模块把信号转换为数据流(Bitstreams)。
♦ 解复用模块从数据流(Bitstreams) 中抽出期望信息并将其以合适的方式提供给 不同的解码器, 它包括与条件接收模块合作的解扰器。
♦ 视频解码模块转换显示的图像序列中的视频位流。
♦ 音频解码模块转换模拟音频信号中的音频位流。
♦ 图形引擎建立图形层在发送之前将其和对 PAL/NTSC的模拟信号请求中的视频混 合。
♦ 前面控制板部分负责解释通过接收遥控器、 无线键盘或前面板发出的用户命令。 视频位流与音频位流经过图像处理器与图像相混合, 变成模拟的音视频信号, 输出到 显示屏 (电视机)上。 数据流则通过解复用器流入到 CPU 中, 由在中央处理器(CPU)上 运行的系统程序进行处理。处理的结果可以与音视频流一起进行混合,输出到显示器件上。
在数字电视接收设备中, 各种功能的资源模块需要进行信息交流, 而这种信息交流可 以采用不同的形式。 应用或线程对资源模块的每次调用可以是同步或异步的。 同步调用为 阻塞 (Blocking)方式。 被调函数返回时, 该函数所发出的请求已经被执行完毕。 异步调用 为非阻塞 (No Blocking)方式, 在被调函数返回时, 该函数所发出的请求可能并没有被执 行, 调用者并不能够立即得到执行结果。 当资源模块执行了相应请求后, 它会发送一事件 (Event)给调用者以返回请求的执行结果和有关数据。 .
在现有的技术中, 一般采用事件(event)或消息(message)的方式来进行信息交流, 每个事件或消息有一个类型标识(type), 依次来区分事件的性质, 以达到标识事件的作 用。 在数字电视领域, 由于数字电视的接收解码设备一般功能都很弱, CPU处理速度慢, 如果采用传统的方式, 就会影响数字电视的视觉效果, 影响接收设备的性能。
这种传统方法的问题在于:
1. 事件只能一个一个地播发和接收;
2. 对事件附带的信息没有明确界定;
3. 对事件接收处理的过程没有规定具体的方法。
本发明的方法就是针对传统技术的不足而提出的解决办法。
下面给出本方法所需要的几个名词定义:
线程: 是指具有一定运行环境的程序。 线程之间可以通过发送事件来进行信息交流。 应用: 是指满足一定功能要求的和目的的程序。 一个应用中可以采用多个线程。
资源:是指数字电视接收设备中用于实现一定功能的软件或硬件,如提供音视频解码、 数据装载器等。
资源模块: 是指提供资源的软硬件模块。 发明内容 .
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种在数字电视接收设备中提高事件信息传递与处 理效率的方法。 通过对事件的类型加以标识, 规定携带数据的方法, 规范事件注册与索起 的过程与协议, 减少事件等待处理的时间, 从而提高不同模块之间的通信速度, 提高处理 数据的效率。
本发明通过以下的技术方案使以上问题得到解决。 在数字电视接收设备中设计一个事 件管理器, 规定事件的类型 (type、 code), 携带的数据格式 (data)、 注册注销的方式以 及处理的策略、 事件(event )排队的方式, 从而使得事件能够有效的在不同的应用与线 程进行信息的传递与处理。 本方法所述的事件具有下列特征: 每个事件(event) 由一个类型和代码(type, code)唯一确定, 调用的结果通过事件 中的数据指针(data)返回给事件处理者:
事件的内容由以下几部分组成- • 类型: type
• 代码: code
• 数据: data
data数据指针根据事件类型的不同, 可以指向不同的数据结构。若没有特别指明, 则 发送事件时, 随事件传递的 data数据指针应指向一 ±夬动态分配的数据空间 (而非传递静 态空间的地址), 以便应用接收到该事件时, 能够通过该数据指针获得正确的数据信息, 同时, 在使用完该数据后, data数据指针可由事件的发送者释放, 也可由事件的处理者释 放。基于事件原理的通信机制也可以在其它情况下使用,如一个线程向其它线程发送信息。
下面详细说明本发明的技术方案。
本方法的步骤:
本发明的方法是在数字电视接收设备中实现一个事件管理器, 用来传递与处理事件, 它包括以下几个步骤。 一、 事件的传递与处理:
事件的注册与注销:
在使用事件通信机制时, 目标线程必须首先向事件管理器(Event manager)注册, 给 出需要监听的事件类型和其回调函数 (callback)地址。 当事件到来之时, 事件管理器调 用回调函数并传递给它一事件指针, 并且将其存 的客户数据 (client data)返回给回调 函数。 一个应用或线程可以同时注册监听多个事件。 事件机制的操作流程见图 2。
如果一个线程或应用不再需要处理某个事件, 它可以通过向事件管理器 (Event manager)发出注销请求, 事件管理器会释放未处理的事件及其相应的数据。
事件管理器为了有效的管理事件及其回调函数, 可以由下列数据列表:
• 线程列表
EventManager记录的数据通过线程列表串联起来, 一个事件监听线程将占用线程列表 中的一个记录。 每个线程记录中除了包含线程 id等信息外, 还包含一个 callbakc纪录列表 和一个事件纪录列表。
■ 回调函数列表 回调函数列表用于记录监听线程注册的回调函数, 每当该线程注册一个回调函数时,
EventManager将向 callback记录列表中添加一个回调函数记录, 当发送事件时, EventManager会察看该线程的 callback纪录中是否有对该事件的 callback, 如果有, 则将 该事件添加到该线程的事件纪录列表中。 ; 取消回调函数注册时, 则会将列表中的该项纪 录删除, 之后这种类型的事件将不会再被发送到该线程。
■ 事件列表
事件列表用于记录发送到线程的事件, 当某个线程试图发送事件时, EventManager将 察看发送到的线程的回调函数列表中是否有对该事件的注册, 如果有, 则将此事件添加到 该线程的事件列表中, 之后, 如果监听线程想要获取事件, 则可以从事件列表中找到相应 的事件纪录。
上述个列表关系见图 3。
事件的处理:
当一个线程或应用注册了对某事件的处理请求后, 它可以处于等待此事件的状态。 事 件产生或到达之后, 它就会处理事件。 调用事件的处理器(回调函数)一是事件 送给事 件管理器, 由事件管理器来调用事件的处理器(回调函数) 由事件的发送者直接调用事件 的处理器来进行处理。 这两种方式从本质上来说都是一样的。
在多个线程可以执行的情况下, RT0S调度程序负责决定执行哪一个线程。
所有的线程(包括驱动层线程和应用程序线程均可以使用事件管理器。 所以每个事件 管理函数应当是线程安全的。
二、 事件管理器的实现和使用的详细方法:
事件回调函数的注册与注销
注册回调函数的主要工作流程见图 4。
取消注册过程工作原理类似,首先得到线程纪录,然后根据 callbackld找到该回调在 callback列表中的纪录, 删除该纪录, 如果该线程的所有回调函数都被删除, 则清除该线 程纪录, 包括其中的事件纪录等。
事件的发送、 接收和处理
发送事件的主要工作流程如下
1. 检査事件是否被捕获
a) 如果事件被捕获且捕获线程不是当前线程, 则返回错误代码 b) 否则继续
. 对所有线程纪录重复如下操作:
a) 如果线程 id与发送到的线程 id相同, 或发送到的线程 id为 0, 则 i. 对线程的所有 callback记录作如下操作:
1. 如果 callback纪录的事件类型与发送事件类型相符, 则 a) 向该线程的事件列表添加事件纪录
b) 关联该事件的 callback纪录
c) 释放线程的条件变量, 以便等待事件的线程被唤醒 . 如果没有找到监听该事件的线程, 则返回错误代码
否则返回成功标志 获取事件的主要工作流程如下
1. 得到监听线程在线程列表中的记录
. 对线程纪录的事件列表重复如下操作:
a) 如果事件 type, code与所要处理的事件的 type、 code相同, 则 i. 对线程的所有 callback记录作如下操作:
a) 如果 callback纪录的事件类型与发送事件类型相符, 则 i. 拷贝事件内容,
ii. 跳转至 3
3. 如果接收到事件或者使用的是非阻塞方式, 则跳转到 5
. 如果没有接收到事件, 则等待线程条件变量(会在发送事件时释放) . 如果接收到事件, 贝 IJ
a) 修改线程当前事件标志
b) 输出事件信息
c) 返回成功标志
否则, 返回错误代码 处理事件的主要工作流程如下
. 得到监听线程在线程列表中的记录 2. 如果线程记录的当前事件与被处理事件不相同, 则返回错误代码
否则
a) 得到事件关联的回调函数、 数据释放函数
b) 删除事件纪录
c) 调用事件回调函数
d) 检査是否所有监听该事件的线程都已处理过该事件,如果是, 则调用事件数据 释放函数
e) 返回 callback函数的返回值
其他说明:
由于事件监听处理线程的处理速度有可能赶不上事件的发送, 为了保证处理事件能够 符合先进线出的原则, 在线程结构中加入了事件头指针, 同时, 事件结构中加入了 next指 针, 指向下一个事件, 进而形成事件的单链表, 每次去事件的时候, 都是取这个链表的第 一个事件, 发送事件时则都添加到链表末端, 这样就可以避免监听线程处理事件的顺序混 乱了。 今 事件的捕获与取消捕获
捕获 /取消捕获事件功能是通过一个捕获列表管理的, 当某个线程试图捕获某个事件 时, 事件管理器 (EventManager)首先査看事件是否已经被该线程独占, 如果是, 则不做 任何操作, 否则向捕获列表添加一个记录, 该纪录总是添加到捕获链表的头端, 并记录捕 获事件的 type, code和捕获线程 id, 这样当发送事件时, 首先在捕获列表中按照从头到尾 的顺序査找该事件的纪录, 如果有记录且线程 id与将要发送到的线程 id不同, 则不向该线 程发送事件。 取消捕获事件时则在捕获列表中査找对应纪录, 并删除纪录。
下面结合附图, 对本发明的方法作进一步的说明。 附图说明
图 1描述了数字电视接收设备的主要作用。
图 2描述了事件机制的操作流程。 线程向事件管理器(Event manager)注册, 给出需 要监听的事件类型和其回调函数(callback)地址。 当事件到来之时, 事件管理器调用回 调函数并传递给它一事件指针, 并且将其存储的客户数据(client data)返回给回调函数。 一个应用或线程可以同时注册监听多个事件。
图 3描述了事件数据及处理函数的列表。
图 4描述注册回调函数的主要工作流程。 具体实施方式
以下结合具体的实施实例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
具体实施方式如下:
1. 事件管理器使用前需要进行初始化, 初始化函数比如为 MBT_EvtInit (),
2. 事件机制的基本使用方式为
a) 接收事件的使用 (详细说明见上面关于事件机制的说明) :
i. 注册事件回调函数
ii. 进入事件处理循环
1. 等待事件
2. 当收到事件后处理事件
3. 在某种条件下推出循环 (或者永不退出)
iii. 当不再需要监听事件时取消对回调函数的注册
b) 发送事件的使用
i. 可以将事件发送到某个线程或以广播方式发送到所有监听该事件的线程 ii. 发送事件时如果发送事件的 data数据是动态分配的, 则应给出数据释放函数 c) 独占事件的使用
i. 当需要捕获事件时, 调用捕获事件函数, 使某个事件为其独占, 此时其他线程 将无法收到该事件, 除非之后其他线程再次捕获该事件
ii. 如果不再希望独占某个事件, 则调用取消捕获事件函数, 放开对事件的独占。
最后所应说明的是: 本发明提供的是一种提高数字电视接收设备中事件传递与处理的 方法及其设计思想, 以上实施例仅用以说明而非限制本发明的技术方案, 尽管参照上述实 施例对本发明进行了详细说明, 本领域的普通技术人员应当理解: 依然可以对本发明进行 修改或者等同替换, 而不脱离本发明的精神和范围的任何修改或局部替换, 其均应涵盖在 本发明的权利要求范围当中。

Claims

权利要求
1. 一种提高数字电视接收设备中事件传递与处理的效率的方法, 其特征在于, 在数 字电视接收设备中通过对要传输的事件的类型加以标识, 规定携带数据的方法, 规范事件 注册与索起的过程与协议,减少事件等待处理的时间,从而提高不同模块之间的通信速度, 提高处理数据的效率。
2. 根据权利要求 1 所述的一种提高事件传递与处理效率的方法, 其特征在于, 它通 过发送、 删除、 捕获与取消捕获事件来传递事件信息。
3. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的一种提高事件传递与处理效率的方法, 其特征在于, 它通过注册、 注销和修改事件处理的回调函数使事件得以被处理。
4. 根据权利要求 2所述的一种提高事件传递与处理效率的方法, 其特征在于, 它通 过以线程为序组织事件存储和处理队列, 将事件处理的回调函数队列与其相应的线程联系 起来, 使得当事件到来时, 能够有效的搜寻事件的处理函数和调用事件的处理函数。
5. 根据权利要求 2或 3所述的一种提高事件传递与处理效率的方法, 其特征在于, 它允许事件的发送者直接调用事件处理的回调函数, 使得事件能够直接处理。
PCT/CN2005/000624 2004-05-09 2005-05-08 A method for improving efficiency of events transmission and processing in digital television receiving device WO2005109185A1 (en)

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