WO2005108769A1 - Moteur a piston avec deplacement cyclique de milieu actif - Google Patents

Moteur a piston avec deplacement cyclique de milieu actif Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005108769A1
WO2005108769A1 PCT/GR2005/000015 GR2005000015W WO2005108769A1 WO 2005108769 A1 WO2005108769 A1 WO 2005108769A1 GR 2005000015 W GR2005000015 W GR 2005000015W WO 2005108769 A1 WO2005108769 A1 WO 2005108769A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
working medium
engine
reciprocating engine
cycle
accordance
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GR2005/000015
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Leonidas Tsikonis
Original Assignee
Leonidas Tsikonis
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Leonidas Tsikonis filed Critical Leonidas Tsikonis
Publication of WO2005108769A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005108769A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F02G1/044—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines having at least two working members, e.g. pistons, delivering power output
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B41/00—Engines characterised by special means for improving conversion of heat or pressure energy into mechanical power
    • F02B41/02—Engines with prolonged expansion
    • F02B41/06—Engines with prolonged expansion in compound cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G2244/00—Machines having two pistons
    • F02G2244/02—Single-acting two piston engines
    • F02G2244/06—Single-acting two piston engines of stationary cylinder type
    • F02G2244/08—Single-acting two piston engines of stationary cylinder type having parallel cylinder, e.g. "Rider" engines

Definitions

  • the invention is about a reciprocating engine the function of which may follow thermodynamic cycles such as the CARNOT, STIRLING and OTTO cycles. Its main features are that it consists of a number of chambers equivalent to the number of phases of the thermodynamic cycle it follows in each instance and that for the approach of the theoretical cycle a displacement of the working medium from cylinder to cylinder in a cyclical pattern is performed.
  • thermodynamic cycles of high thermodynamic efficiency such as the CARNOT and the STIRLING cycles.
  • a piston engine has already been developed which is widely used in research as well as in practical applications.
  • the main disadvantages of the aforementioned engine are firstly its complexity and the difficulty to approach the isothermal process, which is carried out with the use of heat regenerators.
  • the present invention faces all the aforementioned problems and at the same time differs from all previous inventions.
  • the concept and the suggested mechanism are simple.
  • issues concerning the air-tightness of the working medium and the engine balancing are examined and resolved.
  • the CARNOT, STIRLING and OTTO cycles may be approached, a fact that offers great potential in its use.
  • the present invention (reciprocating engine with cyclical displacement of working me- dium) consists of cylinders with pistons connected to a crankshaft.
  • the cylinders have different piston displacements, which correspond to the volume of the working medium at the end of each thermodynamic process in the thermodynamic cycle followed.
  • the real volumes are not necessarily equal to the theoretical ones because the quantities in the connecting pipes as well as the real thermodynamic properties of the working me- dium must also be calculated.
  • the piston connecting rods are attached to the crankshaft with a 180° phase difference, that is, when a piston is at its lowest point, the adjacent piston(s) are at the highest point of their movement.
  • the cylinders are interconnected by pipes in order for the working medium to move from chamber to chamber during the crankshaft rotation.
  • a suitable valve system is installed in the pipes - elec- trovalves, for example, controlled by a corresponding control system.
  • the valve system allows the working medium to move in the direction imposed by the thermodynamic cycle.
  • the number of valves used may be either one per pipe or two valves per pipe, one at each end.
  • the heat exchanges between the working medium and the hot and cold reservoirs or among different thermodynamic states of the working medium are carried out by heat exchangers that are introduced between the cylinders and connected with the pipes.
  • the present invention examines and faces several issues of a practical nature.
  • One of these problems is the air-tightness of the engine, which is resolved as follows: Firstly, the cylinder and crankshaft assembly is enclosed in a hermetically closed housing so as to avoid leakage of the working medium. Secondly, a pressure reset device allows reversion of a quantity of the working medium from the crankshaft area to the cylinders in case of leakage of the working medium from the chambers to the crankshaft area due to insufficient air-tightness of the pistons. Thirdly, the airtight housing includes a reduction gear and an electric generator, so that the mechanical work produced on the crankshaft is released by the engine in the form of electrical energy. The same happens when energy is delivered into the engine shaft.
  • FIG. 1 presents the CARNOT thermodynamic cycle on a pressure (p) - volume (v) diagram, which will be approached in the first example.
  • the CARNOT cycle consists of an adiabatic compression (process 1-2), an isothermal expansion (process 2-3), during which the working medium receives heat (Q ⁇ from the hot reservoir, an adiabatic expansion (process 3-4) and closes with an isothermal compression, during which the working medium releases heat (Q 2 ) to the cold reservoir.
  • the theoretical work of this cycle equals the heat received by the working medium minus the heat released.
  • Figure 2 presents a schematic diagram of an engine of discrete phases that approaches the CARNOT cycle. It shows the four cylinders (5, 10, 16, 20), which corre- spond to the four characteristic volumes of the theoretical cycle, the pipes (7, 8, 12, 18) through which the working medium moves from one chamber to another and, consequently, from one phase of the cycle to another, the valves that control the direction of the working medium flow (6, 9, 11, 15, 17, 19), the heat exchangers for the isothermal expansion (13) and the isothermal compression (14), the system of connecting rods, bearings and crankshaft of the engine (25) and the reduction gear (24) and generator (23) system for the production of electricity.
  • FIG. 3 depicting the four phases of the engine operation cycle, show in greater detail how the function of the aforementioned layout approaches the CARNOT theoretical cycle.
  • Figure 3 due to the rotation of the crankshaft and the layout of the cylinders the working medium is displaced from chamber 26 to chamber 28 through pipe 27. The transfer is adiabatic. In fact, the cylinder piston displacements are such that the process is actually an adiabatic compression that approaches the process 1-2 in Figure 1.
  • thermodynamic cycle 10 33 to the larger volume of chamber 35.
  • the last process (4-1) of the thermodynamic cycle shown in Figure 1 is a result of the isothermal compression described in Figure 6, where the working medium moves from chamber 39 to chamber 36 through pipe 37 and heat exchanger 38.
  • the aforementioned process concerns the production of mechanical work. If this process is reversed, the engine can be used for the production of
  • the Figure shows the chambers (41, 51, 59, 61), their pistons (43, 52, 58, 62), the connecting rods (42, 65, 66, 67), the crankshaft (68) and the engine housing (40) which ensures the air-tightness of the engine and thus prevents any working medium leakage to the environment. It also presents the cylinder heads (44, 48, 57, 60) whose form ensures the least possible losses during the transfer 5 of the working medium between chambers and through the pipes (45, 46, 50, 54, 55). Finally, Figure 7 shows the valves that control the flow in the pipes (47, 49, 53, 56), the reduction gear (63) and the generator (64).
  • Figures 9 and 11 present a few examples that make clear the potential of adjustment of 30 the reciprocating engine with cyclical displacement of working medium in order to follow the STIRLING ( Figure 9) and OTTO ( Figure 11) cycles. These versions present a different cylinder layout than the one shown in Figure 2. That is for space saving and due to different balancing. Nevertheless, the engine works on the same principle.
  • Figure 8 shows the STIRLING thermodynamic cycle on a pressure (p) - volume (v) dia- 35 gram, characterized by two isothermal and two constant-volume processes, on a pressure (p) - volume (v) diagram
  • Figure 10 shows the OTTO cycle, characterized by two adiabatic and two constant-volume processes.
  • the symbols Q 1 and Q 2 correspond, respectively, to the heat received and released by the working medium from the hot reservoir or to the cold reservoir, while Q 3 symbolizes the heat transferred between 0 different quantities of the working medium during the constant-volume processes.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un moteur à piston qui fonctionne suivant des cycles thermodynamiques tels que les cycles CARNOT, STIRLING et OTTO après des modifications appropriées. Ses caractéristiques principales tiennent au fait qu'il est constitué d'un certain nombre de chambres équivalentes aux phases du cycle thermodynamique qu'il suit dans chaque exemple et au fait que pour l'approche du cycle théorique un déplacement du milieu actif d'une chambre à une autre est effectué selon un schéma cyclique. Les cylindres sont interconnectés par des tuyaux et leurs pistons sont connectés à un vilebrequin avec une différence de phase de 180 degrés. Pendant la rotation de l'arbre, le milieu actif est déplacé de cylindre à cylindre et se déplace en même temps vers une phase différente du cycle thermodynamique. Les cylindres possèdent différents déplacements de piston qui correspondent au volume du milieu actif à la fin de chaque processus thermodynamique. Les échanges thermiques entre le milieu de travail et les réservoirs chaud et froid ainsi que parmi les phrases du cycle thermodynamique sont effectués par des échangeurs thermiques introduits au niveau des tuyaux. Ce moteur peut être utilisé pour la production de travail mécanique ou de refroidissement.
PCT/GR2005/000015 2004-05-06 2005-05-04 Moteur a piston avec deplacement cyclique de milieu actif WO2005108769A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GR20040100165A GR1004921B (el) 2004-05-06 2004-05-06 Εμβολοφορος μηχανη κυκλικης μετατοπισης εργαζομενου μεσου
GR20040100165 2004-05-06

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005108769A1 true WO2005108769A1 (fr) 2005-11-17

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ID=34746603

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PCT/GR2005/000015 WO2005108769A1 (fr) 2004-05-06 2005-05-04 Moteur a piston avec deplacement cyclique de milieu actif

Country Status (2)

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GR (1) GR1004921B (fr)
WO (1) WO2005108769A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2926324A1 (fr) * 2008-01-10 2009-07-17 Jean Joseph Seel Moteurs thermiques a detente multicylindre
WO2011085415A1 (fr) * 2010-01-18 2011-07-21 Simbarashe Bepete Cycle thermodynamique a energie optimisee
ITNA20100049A1 (it) * 2010-10-11 2012-04-12 Angelo Riccardo Gargano Macchina di stirling a flusso monodirezionale

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3830059A (en) * 1971-07-28 1974-08-20 J Spriggs Heat engine
US3867815A (en) 1970-11-04 1975-02-25 George M Barrett Heat engine
JPS5237645A (en) 1975-09-19 1977-03-23 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Outer burning type carnot#s cycle engine
US4824149A (en) * 1987-03-20 1989-04-25 Man Technologie Gmbh Generator set
JPH0454264A (ja) 1990-06-21 1992-02-21 Unyusho Senpaku Gijutsu Kenkyusho カルノ―サイクルに従って動作する往復動外燃機関
US5325671A (en) 1992-09-11 1994-07-05 Boehling Daniel E Rotary heat engine
DE4429616A1 (de) 1994-08-20 1995-03-23 Felix Wuerth Wärmekraftmaschine als Heissgasmotor nach dem Carnot bzw. Stirlingprozess
US5467600A (en) * 1991-12-26 1995-11-21 Kuroiwa; Kazuo Naturally circulated thermal cycling system with environmentally powered engine
WO2005031141A1 (fr) * 2003-10-01 2005-04-07 Michael Cahill Moteur thermique ou pompe a chaleur

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3867815A (en) 1970-11-04 1975-02-25 George M Barrett Heat engine
US3830059A (en) * 1971-07-28 1974-08-20 J Spriggs Heat engine
JPS5237645A (en) 1975-09-19 1977-03-23 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Outer burning type carnot#s cycle engine
US4824149A (en) * 1987-03-20 1989-04-25 Man Technologie Gmbh Generator set
JPH0454264A (ja) 1990-06-21 1992-02-21 Unyusho Senpaku Gijutsu Kenkyusho カルノ―サイクルに従って動作する往復動外燃機関
US5467600A (en) * 1991-12-26 1995-11-21 Kuroiwa; Kazuo Naturally circulated thermal cycling system with environmentally powered engine
US5325671A (en) 1992-09-11 1994-07-05 Boehling Daniel E Rotary heat engine
DE4429616A1 (de) 1994-08-20 1995-03-23 Felix Wuerth Wärmekraftmaschine als Heissgasmotor nach dem Carnot bzw. Stirlingprozess
WO2005031141A1 (fr) * 2003-10-01 2005-04-07 Michael Cahill Moteur thermique ou pompe a chaleur

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 016, no. 242 (M - 1259) 3 June 1992 (1992-06-03) *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2926324A1 (fr) * 2008-01-10 2009-07-17 Jean Joseph Seel Moteurs thermiques a detente multicylindre
WO2011085415A1 (fr) * 2010-01-18 2011-07-21 Simbarashe Bepete Cycle thermodynamique a energie optimisee
ITNA20100049A1 (it) * 2010-10-11 2012-04-12 Angelo Riccardo Gargano Macchina di stirling a flusso monodirezionale

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GR1004921B (el) 2005-06-22

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