WO2005108032A1 - Method and mechanism for increasing critical speed in rotating disks and reducing kerf at high speeds in saw blades - Google Patents
Method and mechanism for increasing critical speed in rotating disks and reducing kerf at high speeds in saw blades Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005108032A1 WO2005108032A1 PCT/CA2005/000729 CA2005000729W WO2005108032A1 WO 2005108032 A1 WO2005108032 A1 WO 2005108032A1 CA 2005000729 W CA2005000729 W CA 2005000729W WO 2005108032 A1 WO2005108032 A1 WO 2005108032A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- disk
- blade
- insert
- temperature
- tensile stress
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910001000 nickel titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- HZEWFHLRYVTOIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ti].[Ni] Chemical compound [Ti].[Ni] HZEWFHLRYVTOIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 10
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 37
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920000147 Styrene maleic anhydride Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- HLXZNVUGXRDIFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel titanium Chemical compound [Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni] HLXZNVUGXRDIFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000997 High-speed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003446 memory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- BWSQKOKULIALEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[4-fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-[2-(piperidin-3-ylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl]imidazol-4-yl]acetonitrile Chemical compound FC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C=1N(C(=CN=1)CC#N)C1=NC(=NC=C1)NC1CNCCC1)C(F)(F)F BWSQKOKULIALEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 Iron Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D59/00—Accessories specially designed for sawing machines or sawing devices
- B23D59/001—Measuring or control devices, e.g. for automatic control of work feed pressure on band saw blade
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D61/00—Tools for sawing machines or sawing devices; Clamping devices for these tools
- B23D61/02—Circular saw blades
- B23D61/025—Details of saw blade body
- B23D61/026—Composite body, e.g. laminated
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T83/00—Cutting
- Y10T83/04—Processes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T83/00—Cutting
- Y10T83/929—Tool or tool with support
- Y10T83/9319—Toothed blade or tooth therefor
Definitions
- the amount of sawdust is determined by the width of the cut, or kerf, made by the teeth of the saw blade in the timber.
- Typical circular sawmill converts 50% of a log into primary lumber with the recovery rate of band mills being somewhat higher at about 57%. Losses due to saw kerf average about 20% for a circular sawmill and as low as 12% for high production band mills.
- the saw kerf has a significant impact on the efficiency of the conversion of timber to lumber.
- One way of calculating the amount of sawdust that develops during sawing is to determine the total wood usage per "pass" (as logs being processed by a sawmill generally move or "pass” back and forth through the saw blade).
- Wood usage per pass includes the average thickness of the piece being sawn plus the saw kerf. For example, in sawing a plank that is 20 mm thick with a saw having a kerf of 5 mm, the total wood usage per pass is 25 mm. Calculating the saw kerf as a percentage of the total wood usage per pass results in 20% of the wood removed as sawdust or approximately one-fifth of the timber resource.
- the thickness of the saw blade is determined not only by blade thickness but also to a large degree by the stability of the blade when rotated at high speed.
- the saw blade becomes unstable, leading to large transverse deflections and even blade failure. These deflections lead to increased kerf as well as a rougher cut, further increasing the amount of material that must be removed to provide high grade lumber.
- friction between the blade and timber causes the temperature at the periphery of the saw blade to increase, which in turn causes a temperature gradient to be set up from the inside to the outside of the blade, thereby lowering the blade's critical speed.
- the prior art discloses circular saw blades on which reinforcing guides have been installed to damp transverse displacements.
- the prior art also discloses stiffening the saw blade using pre-tensioning whereby stresses are introduced into the blade through plastic deformation.
- Other methods include heating the blade at its centre, decreasing the temperature gradient and to some degree its adverse effect on critical speed.
- a method for increasing the critical speed of a rotating disk comprises the steps of providing a disk and fastening at least one heat sensitive insert to the disk.
- the at least one insert exerts a tensile stress on the disk when an insert temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature.
- the disk having an increased critical speed of rotation.
- the disk comprises at least one temperature sensitive insert fastened to the disk, the at least one insert exerting a tensile stress on the disk when a temperature of the at least one insert exceeds a predetermined temperature.
- a disk having an increased critical speed of rotation comprises a plurality of spaced slits machined in a periphery of the disk, each of the slits comprising a pair of opposed slit edges extending from the disk periphery towards a disk axis of rotation, and for each of the slits, a temperature sensitive insert fastened to the disk and spanning the slit. When an insert temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature, the insert contracts thereby reducing a distance between the pair of opposed slit edges.
- a method for reducing the kerf of a saw blade at high speeds the blade having a serrated edge and a blade temperature which varies in relation to the distance from the serrated edge.
- the method comprises the steps of providing a blade, and attaching at least one insert to the blade, the at least one insert exerting a tensile stress on the blade when a temperature of the at least one insert reaches a predetermined temperature, the exerted tensile stress opposite to a tensile stress induced in the blade by the varying blade temperature.
- a saw blade having a reduced kerf at high speeds, the blade having a serrated cutting edge.
- the blade comprises at least one insert attached to the blade, the at least one insert exerting a tensile stress on the blade when an insert temperature reaches a predetermined temperature, the exerted tensile stress opposite to stress induced by the blade temperature.
- Figure 1 is a side plan view of a saw blade in accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 2 is a side view of a saw blade and work piece in accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 3 is a graph detailing the temperature gradient induced in a saw blade in contact with a work piece in accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 4 provides examples of modes of vibrations which arise in a disk
- Figure 5 is a sectional view along line 5-5 in Figure 1 ;
- Figure 6A is a side view of a portion of a disk/blade with an insert installed in accordance with an alternative illustrative embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 6B is a sectional view along line 6B-6B in Figure 6A;
- Figure 7A is a side view of a portion of a disk/blade with inserts installed in accordance with a second alternative illustrative embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 7B is a sectional view along line 7B-7B in Figure 7A;
- Figure 8A is a side view of a disk/blade with inserts installed in accordance with a third alternative illustrative embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 8B is a sectional view along line 8B-8B in Figure 8A;
- Figure 9A is a side view of a disk/blade with insert(s) installed in accordance with a forth alternative illustrative embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 9B is a sectional view along line 9B-9B in Figure 9A;
- Figure 10 is a side view of a disk/blade with insert(s) installed in accordance with a fifth alternative illustrative embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 11 is a side plan view of a saw blade in accordance with a sixth alternative illustrative embodiment of the present invention.
- the saw blade 10 comprises a disk portion 12 with a plurality of teeth (or serrated edge) as in 14 arranged around the disk portion 12.
- a hole (not visible) is machined through the centre 16 of the blade 10 for mounting the blade on a shaft 18.
- the shaft 18 is in turn driven by a turbine (not shown) or other source of rotary power.
- the saw blade 10 is typically manufactured from a ferrous metal such as high speed steel (HSS) or the like.
- HSS high speed steel
- the saw teeth 14 are heat treated to increase their hardness and/or tipped with tungsten carbide thus improving wear.
- Thermal stress of the disk/saw blade 10 is a function of the coefficient of expansion of the material used to manufacture the blade and the heat generated by cutting, wherein the heat generated by cutting varies as a function of the friction between the teeth (14 in Figure 1) and the work piece 20.
- these stresses increase when the temperature of the blade increases uniformly, when heating occurs only at the periphery 22 of the blade 10, the blade 10 does not expand in a radial direction but rather compresses in the hoop direction, which leads to an increase in the hoop stresses, increased instability of the blade 10 and a lowering of the critical speed of the blade 10.
- the present invention will provide the greatest improvements in stability with blades 10 (and other disks) where the temperature throughout the blade 10 is not uniform.
- vibrations arise in a circular disk along nodes arranged along the disk's diameters ( Figures 4A, 4B and 4C) and circles ( Figures 4D and 4E).
- the number of diameters or circles along which the vibrations are arranged provides the mode of the vibration. Vibrations having the greatest effect are those of low mode (i.e. no nodal circles and a single nodal diameters).
- the membrane stresses in the disk change, so do the frequencies of vibrations.
- disks where the ratio of diameter to width on a disk is large exhibit greater susceptibility to the effects of membrane stresses.
- Vibrations on a disk are comprised of forward and backward travelling waves which travel in a circular fashion around the disk. From the standpoint of an observer on the disk, the waves travel at the same velocity. However, when a disk is spinning, the rotation causes the speed of the wave travelling counter to the direction of rotation to be reduced and the one travelling in the direction of rotation to be increased (as observed by a stationary observer). As a result, any increase in the angular velocity will cause a corresponding increase in one of the travelling waves and decrease in the other. As the speed of rotation is increased to the critical speed, the speed of one of the travelling waves eventually drops to zero, and to a stationary observer will appear as a standing wave. The presence of a standing wave has a similar effect as resonant frequency and in many cases is the cause of failure of a spinning disk.
- the critical speed therefore, is equal to the fundamental frequency of vibration divided by the number of modal diameters. At this speed, a standing wave develops and causes resonance, which leads to instability and an increased likelihood of disk failure. As a result, the speed of operation of many machines, such as turbines and, as in the case at hand, saw mill equipment, are limited to a large degree by this critical speed. Indeed, the majority of such equipment is operated at a maximum of about 85% of this critical speed. In saw mills, as the critical speed varies directly relative to the thickness of the saw blade, in order to operate at higher speeds the thickness of the blade must be increased which increases the kerf, leading to a reduction in conversion efficiency.
- spinning has the effect of raising the fundamental frequency of vibration (and therefore of all modes) due to the introduction of rotational stresses (as discussed hereinabove).
- radial and hoop stresses are increased in the region r a where the blade 10 is clamped to the shaft 18.
- the rotational stresses are reduced to zero.
- the temperature of the periphery 22 is increased, the hoop stresses become compressive while there is little impact on the radial stresses.
- the increase in compressive hoop stress at the periphery 22 results in a decrease of modal frequencies of the two-diameter and greater modes. The effect is most pronounced at the two (2) and three (3) diameter modes.
- SMAs are a class of metal alloys that can recover apparent permanent strains when they are heated above a certain temperature.
- the SMAs have two stable phases - the high-temperature phase, called austenite and the low-temperature phase, called martensite.
- a phase transformation which occurs between these two phases upon heating/cooling is the basis for the properties of the SMAs.
- the key effects of SMAs associated with the phase transformation are pseudoelasticity and shape memory effect In the austenite phase, the alloy shows isotropic elasticity similar to that of other metallic materials.
- the alloy In the martensite phase the alloy is easily deformed, allowing for large deformations which are reversible when the alloy returns to the austenite phase.
- the martensite phase is capable of reversible strains with a range of approximately ' 3% to 8% at little or no stress.
- whether or not an SMA is in the austenite or martensite phase is dictated by the temperature of the alloy, the austenite phase being reached at higher temperatures than the martensite phase. As a result, as the temperature of an SMA increases, the SMA moves from the martensite to the austenite phase. In the austenite phase the SMA regains its original shape.
- T As the temperature for onset of transformation from the martensite to austenite phase
- T Fs the temperature for onset of transformation from the austenite to the martensite phase
- T Af the temperature for onset of transformation from the austenite to the martensite phase
- SMAs can be trained to have a specific shape in the austenite phase by heat treating at high temperatures (typically in excess of 600°C) for a relatively short period of time. Once the SMA has been trained, it will regain this shape when transformed from the martensite to the austenite phase.
- the temperature at which the martensite phase transforms into austenite phase is determined by the composition of the alloy.
- the martensite transformation temperature is also a function of the stresses applied to the alloy. As the applied stresses increase, the temperature of martensite transformation also increases. In high stress situations the material can become pseudoelastic, exhibiting properties similar to that of rubber.
- the SMA inserts 26 are fabricated from a suitable SMA such as Nickle-Titanium (also known as NiTi or Nitinol).
- SMAs include copper based alloys such as CuZnAl and CuAINi as well as iron based alloys.
- NiTi has a number of features which make it suitable for use in the present context, including a high shape memory effect over a high number of phase transition cycles and a significant contraction of the alloy in the austenite phase vis-a-vis the martensite phase.
- Variation of the alloying for example, the Nickel to Titanium ratio in NiTi
- doping of the SMA provides control over the austenite transition onset temperature (T As ) and the austenite transition completion temperature (T Af ).
- typical NiTi is comprised of 54.4% Nickel, the remainder Titanium. Increasing the amount of Nickel decreases the transformation temperature, typically by 10 ° C for each 0.1 % change in Nickel content.
- Other compounds can be used to dope the Nitinol, including: Iron, which produces a very low transformation temperature; Copper, which lowers the transformation temperature slightly; and Chromium, which lowers the transformation temperature to just below freezing.
- the Nitinol alloy was doped to provide a T As of 30 ° C and a T Af of 70 ° C. Additionally, the SMA inserts were heat treated to provide stresses when in transition from the martensite to austenite phase opposite to those induced in the blade by heat and rotation. Of note is that the rate of strain introduced by the SMA inserts 26 increases approximately linearly between T As and T Af .
- the inserts 26 were bonded to depressions 28, 30 machined in both surfaces 32, 34 of the blade 10.
- a number of techniques including spraying, powder metallurgy, rivets, press fits, explosive bonding and (in some cases) welding are available which provide a suitably strong heat resistant bond between the SMA inserts 26 and the surfaces 32, 34 of the blade 10.
- it is important that the bond is sufficient to prevent the inserts 26 from slipping or separating from the blade 10.
- the blade 10 was comprised of three layers: a layer of steel sandwiched between two layers of SMA.
- inserts are bonded on both surfaces 32, 34 in order to provide for relatively equal stresses on both sides, which also reduces the risk of "cupping" of the disk/blade 10 during operation.
- the introduction of the SMA inserts 26 leads to a reduction in hoop stresses along the outer edge of the blade 10 by producing tensile stresses when heated above T As .
- T As tensile stresses
- the reduction in hoop stresses along the outer edge of the blade 10 is more pronounced.
- an increase in temperature of the blade 10 leads to a decrease in the fundamental frequencies of vibration, in particular the two diameter frequency and its higher modes, which in turn leads to a decrease in the critical speed of the blade.
- Introduction of the SMA inserts 26 leads to a significant reduction in the effect of temperature on the critical speed, thereby allowing the blade 10 to be operated at higher speeds without increasing the kerf.
- the inserts 26 and depressions 28, 30 are generally rectangular in shape.
- the inserts 26 are attached to the blade 10 towards the outer edges 36, 38 via a series of fasteners as in 40, for example rivets or screws or the like.
- the inserts 26 straddle a slit 42 in the blade 10, the slit 42 illustratively in a direction radial to the axis of rotation.
- the inserts 26 are heat treated such that when in the austenite phase the outer edges 36, 38 are brought closer together.
- the inserts 26 and depressions as in 28, 30 are annular in shape.
- One or more inserts as in 26 are press fit into the annular depressions as in 28, 30.
- the inserts are heat treated such that when in the austenite phase they expand in a radial direction outward. Therefore, as the periphery 22 of the blade 10 is heated, forces in a outward radial direction (as indicated by the arrows arrange around the periphery 22) are introduced, thereby countering the hoop stresses introduced by the peripheral heating.
- the present invention may also be applied to increase the stability of uniformly heated blades or disks, or alternatively for pretensioning disks which operate at room or lower temperatures.
- the insert(s) 26 as described hereinabove could be fabricated with an SMA having a T As well below room temperature, for example -30 ° C.
- the SMA would be heat treated such that in the austenite phase, tensile stresses in the disk would be increased, thereby improving the stability of the disk at room temperature.
- a series of openings 44 are machined or otherwise formed in the disk portion 12 of the disk/blade 10 between a first surface 46 and a second surface 48 and the inserts 26 inserted into the openings 44 and retained therein, illustratively through a combination of accurate machining and press fitting.
- the disk/blade 10 could be formed, for example, from two disks 48, 50 with suitably machined inner surfaces 52, 54 such that when both disks 48, 50 are bonded together, one or more cavities/openings 56 are formed.
- a disk assembly can be arrived at where the insert(s) 26 are not exposed, which may have advantages in certain applications, for example where the disk blade is obliged to operate in environments which would otherwise adversely affect the insert(s) 26.
- a series of slits as in 42 for example extending radially from the outer edge 58 towards an axis of rotation 60 of the disk/blade 10, are machined in the disk portion 12 of the blade 10. Additionally, a suitable opening 62 is machined in the region of each of the slits 42. A suitable insert as in 26 is inserted in the opening and retained therein, illustratively through a combination of accurate machining and press fitting.
- the opening(s) 62 and insert(s) 26 are such that the insert does not move significantly when contracting, any contraction of the inserts 26 when in the austenite phase results in a force being brought to bear on the opening 62 which in turn causes the distance (gap) between the inside faces 64, 66 of the slit 42 to be reduced, thereby reducing the hoop stresses introduced by the peripheral heating.
- FIG. 11 a sixth alternative illustrative embodiment of the present invention is presented.
- the present invention has been described hereinabove in reference to a circular saw blade, similar phenomena arise in band saw blades 68 which in turn can be counteracted by a similar application of the inserts 26 as described hereinabove.
- the present invention has been described in reference to saw blades, the present invention may also be applied to other types of rotating disks where a temperature gradient between the centre of the disk and its periphery is present, for example for use in refiner plates used in a thermo-mechanical pulping and for stock preparation.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/568,899 US20070266833A1 (en) | 2004-05-12 | 2005-05-12 | Method and Mechanism for Increasing Critical Speed in Rotating Disks and Reducing Kerf at High Speeds in Saw Blades |
CA 2566046 CA2566046A1 (en) | 2004-05-12 | 2005-05-12 | Method and mechanism for increasing critical speed in rotating disks and reducing kerf at high speeds in saw blades |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US57007904P | 2004-05-12 | 2004-05-12 | |
US60/570,079 | 2004-05-12 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005108032A1 true WO2005108032A1 (en) | 2005-11-17 |
Family
ID=35320103
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/CA2005/000729 WO2005108032A1 (en) | 2004-05-12 | 2005-05-12 | Method and mechanism for increasing critical speed in rotating disks and reducing kerf at high speeds in saw blades |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20070266833A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2566046A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005108032A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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ITGE20070032A1 (en) * | 2007-03-14 | 2008-09-15 | Ts Tecnospamec S R L | CUTTING TOOL. |
DE212008000077U1 (en) * | 2007-11-28 | 2010-07-15 | Illinois Tool Works Inc., Glenview | Temperature or wear indicating device for material processing tools |
CN101992324A (en) * | 2009-08-13 | 2011-03-30 | 上海呈杏机械制造有限公司 | Color steel plate cutting blade and processing method thereof |
US8695465B2 (en) | 2010-08-18 | 2014-04-15 | Advanced Machine & Engineering Co. | Saw blade stabilizer and method |
US10905459B2 (en) | 2015-06-08 | 2021-02-02 | Covidien Lp | Tissue-removing catheter, tissue-removing element, and method of making same |
US10905458B2 (en) | 2015-06-08 | 2021-02-02 | Covidien Lp | Tissue-removing catheter, tissue-removing element, and method of making same |
EP3108988A1 (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2016-12-28 | Jiaxiang Hou | Cutting tool and method for producing such a cutting tool |
US10631894B2 (en) | 2015-07-15 | 2020-04-28 | Covidien Lp | Tissue-removing catheter, tissue-removing element, and method of making same |
US10507036B2 (en) | 2016-01-13 | 2019-12-17 | Covidien LLP | Tissue-removing catheter, tissue-removing element, and method of making same |
JP6209300B1 (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-10-04 | 日本タングステン株式会社 | Anvil roll, rotary cutter, and workpiece cutting method |
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CA1069027A (en) * | 1976-09-28 | 1980-01-01 | Bengt Lagerstrom | Circular saw blade and method for making the same |
CA1301596C (en) * | 1987-11-16 | 1992-05-26 | Jorg Felde | Circular saw blade |
JPH10180703A (en) * | 1996-12-24 | 1998-07-07 | Kanefusa Corp | Disk-shaped rotary tool |
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JP2005096025A (en) * | 2003-09-25 | 2005-04-14 | Allied Material Corp | Base for rotary saw, and rotary saw using the same |
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US6688310B1 (en) * | 2001-10-24 | 2004-02-10 | Toliver Ladonna | Vaginal muscle exercising device |
-
2005
- 2005-05-12 WO PCT/CA2005/000729 patent/WO2005108032A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-05-12 CA CA 2566046 patent/CA2566046A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-05-12 US US11/568,899 patent/US20070266833A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA1069027A (en) * | 1976-09-28 | 1980-01-01 | Bengt Lagerstrom | Circular saw blade and method for making the same |
CA1301596C (en) * | 1987-11-16 | 1992-05-26 | Jorg Felde | Circular saw blade |
JPH10180703A (en) * | 1996-12-24 | 1998-07-07 | Kanefusa Corp | Disk-shaped rotary tool |
US6588310B2 (en) * | 2001-02-19 | 2003-07-08 | Ehwa Diamond Ind. Co., Ltd. | Saw blade shank |
JP2005096025A (en) * | 2003-09-25 | 2005-04-14 | Allied Material Corp | Base for rotary saw, and rotary saw using the same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20070266833A1 (en) | 2007-11-22 |
CA2566046A1 (en) | 2005-11-17 |
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