WO2005101462A2 - Tuyau de climatisation a faible permeabilite - Google Patents

Tuyau de climatisation a faible permeabilite Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005101462A2
WO2005101462A2 PCT/US2005/011472 US2005011472W WO2005101462A2 WO 2005101462 A2 WO2005101462 A2 WO 2005101462A2 US 2005011472 W US2005011472 W US 2005011472W WO 2005101462 A2 WO2005101462 A2 WO 2005101462A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
innermost
barrier layer
low permeable
permeable hose
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2005/011472
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2005101462A3 (fr
Inventor
Brian J. Walsh
Original Assignee
Eaton Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eaton Corporation filed Critical Eaton Corporation
Publication of WO2005101462A2 publication Critical patent/WO2005101462A2/fr
Publication of WO2005101462A3 publication Critical patent/WO2005101462A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L7/00—Heating or cooling apparatus; Heat insulating devices
    • B01L7/52—Heating or cooling apparatus; Heat insulating devices with provision for submitting samples to a predetermined sequence of different temperatures, e.g. for treating nucleic acid samples
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
    • F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
    • F16L11/08—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall
    • F16L11/081—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall comprising one or more layers of a helically wound cord or wire
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
    • F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
    • F16L11/08—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall
    • F16L11/085—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with reinforcements embedded in the wall comprising one or more braided layers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00743—Type of operation; Specification of treatment sites
    • A61B2017/00796—Breast surgery
    • A61B2017/008—Removal of tumors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2200/00—Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
    • B01L2200/12—Specific details about manufacturing devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/08—Geometry, shape and general structure
    • B01L2300/0832—Geometry, shape and general structure cylindrical, tube shaped
    • B01L2300/0845—Filaments, strings, fibres, i.e. not hollow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/16—Surface properties and coatings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/18—Means for temperature control
    • B01L2300/1805—Conductive heating, heat from thermostatted solids is conducted to receptacles, e.g. heating plates, blocks
    • B01L2300/1827—Conductive heating, heat from thermostatted solids is conducted to receptacles, e.g. heating plates, blocks using resistive heater
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/508—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes rigid containers not provided for above
    • B01L3/5085—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes rigid containers not provided for above for multiple samples, e.g. microtitration plates
    • B01L3/50851—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes rigid containers not provided for above for multiple samples, e.g. microtitration plates specially adapted for heating or cooling samples
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/56—Labware specially adapted for transferring fluids
    • B01L3/561—Tubes; Conduits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00507—Details, e.g. mounting arrangements, desaeration devices
    • B60H1/00557—Details of ducts or cables
    • B60H1/00571—Details of ducts or cables of liquid ducts, e.g. for coolant liquids or refrigerants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
    • C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
    • C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
    • C12Q1/6844—Nucleic acid amplification reactions
    • C12Q1/686—Polymerase chain reaction [PCR]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
    • F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
    • F16L2011/047—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with a diffusion barrier layer

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a low permeable hose and to a method for producing it. More particularly, the present invention relates to a low permeable hose that has an increased resistance to the permeation of refrigerants, such as R-744 or R- 152(a), and to a method for producing such a hose.
  • hoses used to convey a refrigerant within an automotive air- conditioning system include a refrigerant barrier layer, which is typically made of a polyamide resin or a modified butyl rubber, to resist permeation of the refrigerant through the hose.
  • Hoses constructed with a polyamide inner layer provide adequate resistance to permeation of R- 134a refrigerant, but are ineffective at containing R-744 or R- 152(a)-refrigerants proposed in future automotive air-conditioning systems. Accordingly, there exists a need for a low permeable hose for use in these air-conditioning systems.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a low permeable hose according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a low permeable hose according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a low permeable hose 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, with each layer of the hose being partially notched for illustration.
  • hose 10 includes an innermost layer 12, a refrigerant barrier layer 14, a first intermediate layer 16 positioned between innermost layer 12 and refrigerant barrier layer 14, a reinforcing layer 18, a second intermediate layer 20 positioned between refrigerant barrier layer 14 and reinforcing layer 18, and an outer layer 22 overlaying reinforcing layer 18.
  • an inner portion 24 of hose 10 may exhibit a three- layer structure that includes first intermediate layer 16 sandwiched by innermost layer 12 and refrigerant barrier layer 14.
  • inner portion 24 may exhibit a two-layer structure that includes innermost layer 12 and refrigerant barrier layer 14.
  • the innermost layer 12 is a thermal and oxidation resistant material, including without limitation, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), other fluorinated thermoplastic polymers such as FEP, PFA, THN and ETFE, and fluorinated thermoset polymers, such as FKM.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • FEP fluorinated thermoplastic polymers
  • PFA polyfluorinated thermoplastic polymers
  • THN and ETFE fluorinated thermoset polymers
  • FKM fluorinated thermoset polymers
  • Refrigerant barrier layer 14 includes a low permeable ethylene vinyl alcohol (ENOH) co-polymer, such as the ethylene vinyl alcohol material marketed under the trademark ENAL® by Kuraray Co., Ltd. of Osaka, Japan.
  • Ethylene vinyl alcohol (ENOH) provides a higher level of refrigerant permeation resistance than polyamide materials, such as nylon, of comparable thickness.
  • Ethylene vinyl alcohol (ENOH) provides a level of R-744 permeation resistance nearly fifty times greater than polyamide materials of comparable thickness.
  • first and second intermediate layers 16, 20 are thermoset rubber based compositions, which may include one or more of acrylonitrile/butadiene rubber ( ⁇ BR), butyl rubber (IIR), ethylene/propylene/diene rubber (EPDM), hydrogenated ⁇ BR (H ⁇ BR), chlorosulfonated methyl polyethylene (CSM), chlorinated polyethylene (CM), brominated butyl rubber (BIIR), chlorinated butyl rubber (CIIR), halogenated isomonoolefin/p-alkylstyrene copolymer rubber (BIMS), polychloroprene rubber (CR) or the like.
  • ⁇ BR acrylonitrile/butadiene rubber
  • IIR butyl rubber
  • EPDM ethylene/propylene/diene rubber
  • H ⁇ BR hydrogenated ⁇ BR
  • CSM chlorosulfonated methyl polyethylene
  • CM chlorinated polyethylene
  • BIIR brominated butyl rubber
  • CIIR chlorinated
  • EPDM and the various forms of butyl rubber are particularly suitable for use in the composition of first and second intermediate layers 16, 20 given their ability to function as a moisture impermeable protecting layer.
  • moisture impermeable protecting layer includes material layers that resist or prevent the passage of moisture therethrough.
  • Outer layer 22 may also include thermoset rubber based compositions, for example, those compositions that include one or more of EPDM, CSM, CM, EAM and so forth, thermoplastic elastomer compositions such as polyamide elastomer, polyester elastomer, polyolefin elastomer, and EPDM/PP based thermoplastic elastomer compositions.
  • An ethylene/propylene/diene (EPDM) based rubber composition is a particularly suitable material for outer layer 22 given its low cost and resistance to the relatively high temperatures found in the automotive under-hood environment.
  • An adhesion promoting material or surface treatment may be used to facilitate bonding of innermost layer 12, first intermediate layer 16 and/or refrigerant barrier layer 14 to an adjacent layer(s) to resist separation of the layers during use of hose 10.
  • an adhesive promoting material may be applied as a separate component or "layer” or compounded into first and second intermediate layers 16, 20, innermost layer 12 and/or barrier layer 14.
  • the surface of refrigerant barrier layer 14 may be etched (e.g., chemically or electrically) to facilitate adhesion between refrigerant barrier layer 14 and an adjacent layer, hi yet another example, the barrier layer is secured to the innermost layer using a tie layer.
  • the vulcanization temperature of the rubber based compositions is generally at least about 140°C. Further, the vulcanization temperature of the rubber based compositions is generally lower than the melting temperature of inner most layer 12 and refrigerant barrier layer 14.
  • the reinforcing layer 18 is not limited to the structure shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and may be formed in either a braid-like form or in a spiral-like form.
  • the material used may include threads, wires or the like.
  • Reinforcing thread may include, for example, threads produced from rayon filaments, polyester filaments, nylon filaments, aromatic polyamide filaments or the like.
  • Reinforcing wire may include, for example, hard steel wire, and more particularly brass-plated wire or zinc-plated wire for imparting corrosion resistance or adhesion.
  • innermost layer 12 may be extruded onto a flexible mandrel (not shown), as is known in the art of hose making.
  • First intermediate layer 16 is then applied over innermost layer 12, such as, for example, by extruding the rubber based composition over innermost layer 12, spiral-winding the rubber based composition over innermost layer 12 or cigarette-wrapping the rubber based composition over innermost layer 12.
  • Refrigerant barrier layer 14 is then extruded over first intermediate layer 16.
  • Second intermediate layer 20 is applied over refrigerant barrier layer 14 and a plurality of reinforcing filaments, reinforcing wires or the like are braided into a spiral or blade form to form reinforcing layer 18.
  • outer layer 22 is applied over reinforcing layer 18 in a process similar to that used to apply first and second intermediate layers 16, 20.
  • an optional and removable wrap may be applied over outer layer 22, as is known in the art, or the hose may be place in an open pan for cure. Subsequently, the entire hose is heated. The heating temperature is at least about 120° C, and more particularly 140°C to 170°C to cure the rubber based components of hose 10 and to create adhesion between each layer of hose 10.
  • a PTFE composition manufactured by Dupont Corporation under the trademark TEFLON® was extruded around the periphery of a flexible mandrel through a crosshead die type thermoplastic extruder to form a 0.030 inch (0.8 mm) thick innermost layer 12.
  • a layer of polycl roloprene rubber (CR) composition was then extruded around the periphery of innermost layer 12 through a crosshead die type rubber extruder to form a 0.035 inch (0.9 mm) thick first intermediate layer 16.
  • first intermediate layer 16 was removed and innermost layer 12 was co-extruded with refrigerant barrier layer 14 using a tandem crosshead die type thermoplastic extruder.
  • the thickness of innermost layer 12 may range from about 0.002-0.020 inches (0.05-0.5 mm) and the thickness of refrigerant barrier layer 14 may range from about 0.002-0.008 inches (0.05-0.2 mm).
  • the innermost or first protective layer 12 and one or more of layers 20, 22 that overlay the refrigerant barrier layer 14, cooperatively isolate the refrigerant barrier layer 14, ensuring the integrity of the barrier layer material and stable permeation resistance. More particularly, the innermost or first protective layer 12 functions to protect the refrigerant barrier layer 14 from oil or thermal related degradation, as well as moisture related degradation if any moisture is present in the refrigeration system.

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un tuyau à faible perméabilité qui manifeste une résistance améliorée à la perméation de réfrigérants. Le tuyau comporte une couche barrière qui bloque le réfrigérant, disposée entre une couche interne et une couche externe. La couche barrière qui bloque le réfrigérant résiste à la perméation de réfrigérants à travers le tuyau. La couche interne protège la couche barrière qui bloque le réfrigérant en le protégeant des sources d'humidité à l'intérieur du tuyau. La couche externe protège la couche barrière qui bloque le réfrigérant en le protégeant des sources d'humidité à l'extérieur du tuyau.
PCT/US2005/011472 2004-04-06 2005-04-05 Tuyau de climatisation a faible permeabilite WO2005101462A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US55999604P 2004-04-06 2004-04-06
US60/559,996 2004-04-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005101462A2 true WO2005101462A2 (fr) 2005-10-27
WO2005101462A3 WO2005101462A3 (fr) 2007-07-19

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2005/011472 WO2005101462A2 (fr) 2004-04-06 2005-04-05 Tuyau de climatisation a faible permeabilite

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WO (1) WO2005101462A2 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2008803A1 (fr) 2007-06-28 2008-12-31 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Tuyau multicouche
US8844580B2 (en) 2009-03-31 2014-09-30 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Low fluid permeation rubber hose

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20010013374A1 (en) * 2000-02-16 2001-08-16 Nobuaki Niki Fluid-impermeable composite hose
US20030087053A1 (en) * 2001-10-03 2003-05-08 3M Innovative Properties Company Multi-layer articles including a fluoroelastomer layer and a barrier layer and method of making the same
US20030198771A1 (en) * 2002-04-18 2003-10-23 3M Innovative Properties Company Fluoropolymer articles

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20010013374A1 (en) * 2000-02-16 2001-08-16 Nobuaki Niki Fluid-impermeable composite hose
US20030087053A1 (en) * 2001-10-03 2003-05-08 3M Innovative Properties Company Multi-layer articles including a fluoroelastomer layer and a barrier layer and method of making the same
US20030198771A1 (en) * 2002-04-18 2003-10-23 3M Innovative Properties Company Fluoropolymer articles

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2008803A1 (fr) 2007-06-28 2008-12-31 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Tuyau multicouche
US8844580B2 (en) 2009-03-31 2014-09-30 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Low fluid permeation rubber hose

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2005101462A3 (fr) 2007-07-19

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