WO2005098193A1 - New untraditional tunnel boring technique for all soil types - Google Patents
New untraditional tunnel boring technique for all soil types Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005098193A1 WO2005098193A1 PCT/EG2004/000026 EG2004000026W WO2005098193A1 WO 2005098193 A1 WO2005098193 A1 WO 2005098193A1 EG 2004000026 W EG2004000026 W EG 2004000026W WO 2005098193 A1 WO2005098193 A1 WO 2005098193A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- soil
- tlie
- tunnel
- tunnel boring
- boring
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 2
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012206 bottled water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/1066—Making by using boring or cutting machines with fluid jets
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
- E21D9/0875—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a movable support arm carrying cutting tools for attacking the front face, e.g. a bucket
- E21D9/0879—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a movable support arm carrying cutting tools for attacking the front face, e.g. a bucket the shield being provided with devices for lining the tunnel, e.g. shuttering
Definitions
- the invention relates to a tunnel-boring machine for excavation in all soil types including rock by applying water jetting and rotary cutting cone.
- the soil cutting and chopping process is performed in the open frontal part of the tunnel- boring machine to separate the soil cutting process from the natural surrounding soils, thus lT-inimiziiig the effect of taineling on the surrounding and surface structures.
- Background Art The background art is represented by patent application no. 2003010069 submitted in 26 January 2003, which presented a new untraditional technique for tunnel boring in sandy and clayey soils using water jetting only.
- Patent application no. 2003010069 has many advantages over other tunnel boring techniques, as shown in drawings no. 1, 2, 3, and 4; for example:
- the tunnel boring shield has an open face which enables cutting the soil inside frontal portion of the shield itself. Tins technique hinders the interaction between the soil in which the cutting process is perfonned and the natural soil around the shield. Thus, reducing the soil disturbance due to tunneling and also mhiimizing the effects of tunneling process on surface structures.
- Drawings no. 1, 2, 3, and 4 show the tunnel boring process conducted by using water jetting and mechanical excavation is presented in Drawings no. 1, 2, 3, and 4. These drawings show that tlie tunnel boring process is conducted by mtegrating tlie water jetting and the mechanical excavation inside tlie front portion of the tunnel shield (1) enabling the following tasks:
- a tunnel boring machine comprising:
- Disposal slurry assembly chamber 10 Suction line for slimy disposal outside the tunnel body. 11 Radial water jetting nozzles affixed inside the shield body to complete the soil chopping process and converting it into slurry. 12 Front screen for the slurry suction pipe. 13 Gearbox for the rotary cutting cone. 14 Telescopic j acking hydraulic cylinders . 15 Steering cylinders. 16 Cutters on tlie rotary cutting cone. 7 Frontal cutters affixed on the tunnel boring unit circumference.
- the tunneling process is perfonned in the following order:
- the rotary cutting cone (6) in wliich a group of cutters (16), suitable for cutting the soil, are affixed to achieve tlie gradual crumblmg of the soil and also to cover all the frontal area of the tumiel to be constructed.
- the frontal part of tlie cutting cone covers diy cutting of a small portion inside the soil (0) then the hydraulic pressure of the motor (22) driving the cone (P H0 ) is detennined at that specific rotary speed.
- the tunnel bormg sliield (1) is hydraulically jacked by the main jacking station (30) mto tlie soil for a distance sufficient to fonn the required soil plug in front of tlie boring machine (distance 0), then the hydraulic jacking stops.
- - Water is then pressurized into the tunnel boring shield and directly connected to tlie suction line (10) of the slurry disposal pump (32) without reaching the water jetting nozzles (7), using a bypass line (21) to detennine the water flow direction, to adjust the equilibrium between tlie pressurized water and the rate of slurry disposal suction.
- Water is then directed to the water jetting nozzles (7) inside the tunnel boring shield (1) after which the amount of pressurized water (Q 0 ) is measured and tlie pressure (P 0 ) is recorded in addition to tlie rate of slurry disposal pump (32) suction (Q so ).
- the tumiel boring shield (1) is then hydraulically jacked into the soil at tlie optimum speed (V op ti mu m) and the following values are recorded: - Hydraulic pressure to operate the rotary cutting cone motor (22) during operation P HI - Amount of pressurized water
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
An innovative industrial and untraditional technique for tunnel boring in all soil types is introduced. In this technique, the boring process is performed inside the front portion of an open face tunnel boring unit integrating the pressurized water and the mechanical boring as main soil cutting tools without affecting the natural soil outside the tunnel boring unit.
Description
NEW UNTRADITIONAL TUNNEL BORING TECHNIQUE FOR ALL SOIL TYPES
Technical Field The invention relates to a tunnel-boring machine for excavation in all soil types including rock by applying water jetting and rotary cutting cone. The soil cutting and chopping process is performed in the open frontal part of the tunnel- boring machine to separate the soil cutting process from the natural surrounding soils, thus lT-inimiziiig the effect of taineling on the surrounding and surface structures. Background Art The background art is represented by patent application no. 2003010069 submitted in 26 January 2003, which presented a new untraditional technique for tunnel boring in sandy and clayey soils using water jetting only. Patent application no. 2003010069 has many advantages over other tunnel boring techniques, as shown in drawings no. 1, 2, 3, and 4; for example:
1- The tunnel boring shield has an open face which enables cutting the soil inside frontal portion of the shield itself. Tins technique hinders the interaction between the soil in which the cutting process is perfonned and the natural soil around the shield. Thus, reducing the soil disturbance due to tunneling and also mhiimizing the effects of tunneling process on surface structures.
2- The presence of a stationary cutting cone in which water jetting nozzles are affixed in radial arrangement allows for the fonnation of a plug of natural compressed soil in the front portion of tunnel shield. This plug formation allows for cutting the soil inside the front portion of the tunnel shield and separates it from the surrounding soil. It also controls the equilibrium between the amounts of pressurized water used in cutting the soil and the rate of sucking the slurry
disposal resulting from the soil cutting process. This process resulted in considerable reductions in tlie amount of energy consumed in the tunnel boring operation and also enabled the possibility of increasing tlie advance rate of the tunnel shield through the ability to control the water jetting energy (tlie amount of pressurized water and the applied jetting pressure).
Considering the above-mentioned tunneling procedure as the background art, disadvantages of this procedure include:
1- Could not operate in soil types which could not be crumbled using water jetting.
2- The economic feasibility of the system is not justified when used in soils that could not be crumbled by water jetting.
Disclosure of the Invention The entire disclosure of Egyptian Patent Application No. 2003010069 filed on January 26, 2003 and Egyptian Patent Application No. 2004040165 filed on April 10, 2004 including specifications, claims, drawings, and summary is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Drawings no. 1, 2, 3, and 4 show the tunnel boring process conducted by using water jetting and mechanical excavation is presented in Drawings no. 1, 2, 3, and 4. These drawings show that tlie tunnel boring process is conducted by mtegrating tlie water jetting and the mechanical excavation inside tlie front portion of the tunnel shield (1) enabling the following tasks:
1- The ability to perfonn tunnel boring in all soil types including rock.
2- Enhancing tlie efficiency and tlie speed of tlie tuniieling process in all soil types including those which could be crumbled using water jetting. By achieving the above tasks, disadvantages of the background art have been overcome.
3- Keeping all the advantages of the background art without negatively affecting any of them.
The patent is mainly a development of the tunnel boring technique by integrating water jetting and rotary mechanical excavation allowing For tunneling in all soil types including rock (as shown in drawings no. 1, 2, 3, and 4). According to the present invention, there provided a tunnel boring machine, comprising:
0 Plug of natural soil to separate the tunnel boring process from the natural soil around it and keep the excavation process inside the closed front zone of the shield.
1 Tunnel boring unit.
2 Steering unit.
3 Telescopic jacking unit.
4 Sealing element between the tunnel boring unit and the steering unit.
5 Sealing element between the telescopic jacking unit and the steering unit.
6 Rotary cutting cone.
7 Radial water jetting nozzles affixed on the rotary cti-tting cone (detennining the end of tlie natural soil plug and the beginning of the soil chopping process using pressurized water).
8 Axial water jetting nozzles for cutting soil inside tlie front part of the machine (to convert the crumbled soil into slurry and clean the area between the rotary cutting cone and the tunnel shield body).
9 Disposal slurry assembly chamber. 10 Suction line for slimy disposal outside the tunnel body. 11 Radial water jetting nozzles affixed inside the shield body to complete the soil chopping process and converting it into slurry. 12 Front screen for the slurry suction pipe. 13 Gearbox for the rotary cutting cone. 14 Telescopic j acking hydraulic cylinders . 15 Steering cylinders.
16 Cutters on tlie rotary cutting cone. 7 Frontal cutters affixed on the tunnel boring unit circumference.
18 Bentonite lubrication nozzles.
19 Pressurized water for axial nozzles. 0 Laser beam receiver to determine the actual tunnel path. 1 Bypass line between water and the slurry disposal lines to compensate between the pressurized water and the suction rate of the disposal slurry. 2 Rotary cutting cone operation motor. 3 Slurry disposal discharge line. 4 Guide for the tumiel concrete pipe with the tunnel shield axis to assure coincidence between the hydraulic jacking axis with tlie tunnel axis.
25 Front screen to determine the solid particles size which enter into the disposal slurry assembly chamber.
26 Cone crusher, between the tunnel boring unit body and the frontal cutters.
27 Bentonite slurry charge line.
28 Pressurized water charge line.
29 Concrete pipe during the jacking operation.
30 Main jacking station.
31 Jacking shaft.
32 Slurry disposal pump.
Thus, the tunneling process is perfonned in the following order: 1- The rotary cutting cone (6) in wliich a group of cutters (16), suitable for cutting the soil, are affixed to achieve tlie gradual crumblmg of the soil and also to cover all the frontal area of the tumiel to be constructed. The frontal part of tlie cutting cone covers diy cutting of a small portion inside the soil (0) then the hydraulic pressure of the motor (22) driving the cone (PH0) is detennined at that specific rotary speed.
- The tunnel bormg sliield (1) is hydraulically jacked by the main jacking station (30) mto tlie soil for a distance sufficient to fonn the required soil plug in front of tlie boring machine (distance 0), then the hydraulic jacking stops. - Water is then pressurized into the tunnel boring shield and directly connected to tlie suction line (10) of the slurry disposal pump (32) without reaching the water jetting nozzles (7), using a bypass line (21) to detennine the water flow direction, to adjust the equilibrium between tlie pressurized water and the rate of slurry disposal suction. Water is then directed to the water jetting nozzles (7) inside the tunnel boring shield (1) after which the amount of pressurized water (Q0) is measured and tlie pressure (P0) is recorded in addition to tlie rate of slurry disposal pump (32) suction (Qso). The tumiel boring shield (1) is then hydraulically jacked into the soil at tlie optimum speed (Voptimum) and the following values are recorded: - Hydraulic pressure to operate the rotary cutting cone motor (22) during operation PHI - Amount of pressurized water
- Pressure of pressurized water
- Hydraulic pressure of the motor rotating the rotary cutting cone (22) at no load
The ideal operation conditions are achieved when satisfying the following conditions: 1- To assure fonning tlie natural soil plug (0) inside the front portion of the tunnel boring sliield, the soil plug (0) should reach the first row of radial water jetting nozzles (7). Formiiig the soil plug (0) increases the resistance for the pressurized
2- water and consequently tlie required jetting pressure is increased and the amount of pressurized water is relatively reduced to accomplish the following equation: Pi > P0 = Constant Qi > Qo = Constant 2- To assure reaching the steady between tunnel boriiig operation and the rate of excavation disposal and also to assure the safety of mechanical boring, the following equation should be satisfied: Qsi « 1.15 Qi = Constant PHI > PHO = Constant < Pmnax hi wliich Pnmax is the maximum allowed pressure.
Industrial Application of the Invention The invention has been industrially applied by the applicant and inside his own factory in accordance with drawings no. 1, 2, 3, and 4 with their explanations. The invention can be used in a wide range of application including the following fields:
1- Small tunnels for waterways (irrigation and drainage) with different sizes.
2- Tunnels and crossings for potable water and sanitary projects with different sizes.
3- Tunnels and crossings for the electricity and communication cable networks.
4- Tunnels and crossings for tlie oil and natural gas pipelines.
5- Large diameter tunnels used for veliicles under waterways, railways, and urban areas, etc.
Claims
CLAIMS - A new mitraditional tunnel boring technique characterized by an open frontal part of the tunnel boring shield with axial rotary cutting cone and containing water jetting nozzles affixed in the outer circumference in the radial direction.- The frontal part of tlie tunnel bormg sliield as presented in Claim (1) is characterized by perfonning the soil cutting and chopping process inside the frontal portion of the machine and separating the soil at wliich the cutting is perfonned from the smrounding natural soil to avoid the undesirable effects of tumieling process in tlie soil. Initial pushing of the tunnel boring machine fonns a soil plug in front of the machine.- The soil chopping and crambling process perfonned on the frontal part of the tumiel shield as presented in Claim (2) is characterized by applying both the crusher cone and the water jetting to chop the soil, then the water applied in jetting and the cmmbled soil are converted into disposal slurry to be sucked by special pumps to reach the steady state of tlie tumieling operation.- The steady state condition of tlie soil cutting and slurry disposal process as presented in Claim (3) is characterized by adjusting the pressure and amount of pressurized water with the amount of disposal slurry and the suction pump pressure all these factors are integrated with the tunnel sliield pushing rate into tlie soil to produce tlie rate of tlie steady state tumiel boring process.- The soil plug fonned in front of the tumiel boring sliield as presented in claim (2) is characterized by acting as plug preventing the ground water from entering into the tumiel sliield interior and balancing the soil pressure in front of the tunnel boring machine.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04739051A EP1859120A1 (en) | 2004-04-10 | 2004-07-03 | New untraditional tunnel boring technique for all soil types |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EG2004040165 | 2004-04-10 | ||
| EG2004040165 | 2004-04-10 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2005098193A1 true WO2005098193A1 (en) | 2005-10-20 |
Family
ID=35125137
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EG2004/000026 WO2005098193A1 (en) | 2004-04-10 | 2004-07-03 | New untraditional tunnel boring technique for all soil types |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1859120A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2005098193A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009039667A1 (en) * | 2007-09-28 | 2009-04-02 | Labelle Stephane | Systems for exploiting the thermal energy at the bottom of the ocean |
| WO2015014323A1 (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2015-02-05 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Compound-type tunnelling shield |
| CN107724216A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-02-23 | 蒋昌霞 | A kind of concrete road curing means |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1079066A2 (en) * | 1999-08-24 | 2001-02-28 | Nakakuro Construction Co., Ltd. | Excavator |
| WO2002066780A1 (en) * | 2001-02-21 | 2002-08-29 | Lovat Mts Gmbh Micro Tunnelling Systems | Drilling device with breaker insert |
-
2004
- 2004-07-03 EP EP04739051A patent/EP1859120A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-07-03 WO PCT/EG2004/000026 patent/WO2005098193A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1079066A2 (en) * | 1999-08-24 | 2001-02-28 | Nakakuro Construction Co., Ltd. | Excavator |
| WO2002066780A1 (en) * | 2001-02-21 | 2002-08-29 | Lovat Mts Gmbh Micro Tunnelling Systems | Drilling device with breaker insert |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009039667A1 (en) * | 2007-09-28 | 2009-04-02 | Labelle Stephane | Systems for exploiting the thermal energy at the bottom of the ocean |
| WO2015014323A1 (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2015-02-05 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Compound-type tunnelling shield |
| CN107724216A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-02-23 | 蒋昌霞 | A kind of concrete road curing means |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1859120A1 (en) | 2007-11-28 |
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