WO2005095141A1 - A method of obtaining zev creep mode in hybrid vehicles - Google Patents

A method of obtaining zev creep mode in hybrid vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005095141A1
WO2005095141A1 PCT/GB2005/001260 GB2005001260W WO2005095141A1 WO 2005095141 A1 WO2005095141 A1 WO 2005095141A1 GB 2005001260 W GB2005001260 W GB 2005001260W WO 2005095141 A1 WO2005095141 A1 WO 2005095141A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
engine
assist
electric
machine
drive
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2005/001260
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Craig Lucas Goodfellow
Nicholas John Owen
Original Assignee
Ricardo Uk Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ricardo Uk Limited filed Critical Ricardo Uk Limited
Publication of WO2005095141A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005095141A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K6/485—Motor-assist type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B60K2006/268—Electric drive motor starts the engine, i.e. used as starter motor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

Definitions

  • an internal combustion (IC) engine in conjunction with an electrical machine may cooperate to operate the drive train and therefore propel the vehicle.
  • the electrical machine is a combined starter motor and generator where the power to start the engine is provided by the electrical machine operating as an electric motor supplied by on-board batteries. Once the IC engine is running the motor is switched over to become a generator and will provide electrical current to charge the batteries and provide electrical power for ancillary devices on the vehicle. All power transmission to and from the electrical machine and the IC engine is taken through the same drive belt. This belt is driven by a pulley at what may be referred to as the free end or ancillary drive end of the internal combustion engine.
  • the electrical machine in known hybrid vehicles is not only used for engine starting and electrical power generation. If operated in conjunction with the internal combustion engine, the electrical machine may provide a torque assist mode during stopstart driving and pull away.
  • the combined motor generator provides power to drive the vehicle at the same time as the IC engine. This enables the engine to be reduced in size to provide sufficient power to drive the vehicle at a steady state whilst the electrical machine is used to assist the IC engine when acceleration or high power is required.
  • the motor generator is positioned between the engine and change speed transmission and may take the place of the flywheel of the IC engine.
  • a machine combining the actions of the flywheel, starter motor, generator and vehicle clutch is mounted in the bell housing which separates the engine from the transmission, this invention providing a significant increase in length of the power train and a significantly increased mass to be supported by the engine rear bearing.
  • the complex machine also requires the engine and transmission to be specially adapted and designed to accommodate it.
  • WO 03/004845 which is incorporated herein in totality by reference, a preferred embodiment is shown where the electric machine is positioned to the side of the IC engine utilising available space to minimise engine length and provide all of the advantages of a hybrid power train.
  • a hybrid IC engine vehicle operating in cooperation with an electrical machine has electric-assist both to the engine input & output from a commpn electric machine providing starting, generation, motor assist and vehicle creep with or without operation of the IC engine.
  • Fig 1 is a layout of the drive train for a rear wheel drive vehicle
  • Fig 2 is a layout of the drive train for a front wheel drive vehicle
  • an automotive engine , 1 is fitted with what may be commonly termed a side mounted electrical machine 2.
  • the electrical machine is provided with two input and output drive shafts 3 and 4 which run parallel to the engine crankshaft (not shown).
  • the front shaft 3 is attached to the crankshaft pulley wheel 5 via a drive pulley wheel 6 and a drive member means such as a belt 7.
  • the electrical machine 2 By selectively operating the electrical machine 2 as an electric motor or as a generator the machine can respectively drive through the shaft 3 and member 7 in order to start the IC engine 1 or be driven by the IC engine through the shaft 3 and member 7 in order to provide electrical current to charge batteries or operate electrical ancillaries. It is also possible for pulley wheels 5 and 6 to contain operable clutching devices to allow the electrical machine to be mechanically isolated from the crankshaft of the IC engine 1.
  • Drive shaft 4 extends to the rear of the electrical machine and is selectively operable with at least one of the drive means 12, 13, 14, or 15, which in turn may drive for example, respectively the engine flywheel 16, the engine clutch 17, the input shaft 18 of the change speed transmission 19 or a transmission component 20 within the speed change transmission 19 or other components such as a power take-off device via respective drive means 7, 25.
  • drive means 25 may be of any suitable device such as but not limited to a belt or chain or gear or drive shaft capable of transmitting the drive torque from the electrical machine 2.
  • any of the drive means may be of a selectively engageble device having a torque interrupt device such as but not limited to a sliding gear, skew gear Bendix drve, friction clutch, sprag clutch, roller clutch. It is therefore possible to provide a drive means and electrical assist both to the front of the engine crankshaft or to the rear of the engine crankshaft at for example the engine flywheel or clutch mechanism using a single electric machine.
  • the vehicle road wheels are driven by means of drive shaft 28 from the change speed transmission 19 which will be linked to the drive wheels of the vehicle in the normal manner.
  • the drive shaft 4 may be rotateably selectively attached to the final drive or differential 30 of the vehicle drive train as shown in fig 2.
  • the electrical machine 2 may be used to start the engine via drive means 7 which may be for example a flexible endless belt.
  • drive belts can suffer from disadvantages in that the torque transmitted can be limited due to the physical strength of the belt also the ratio chosen due to the pulley wheel diameters may be compromised due to the differing speed requirements for generating or power delivery.
  • the electrical machine may drive the engine fly wheel through for example a pair of drive gears 12 and 16 which are able to provide an increased step down ratio and allow the electrical machine to rotate the flywheel of the IC engine even when an increased drag is present.
  • the IC engine is not running, the vehicle is required to be moved over short distances at low speeds.
  • a taxi standing in a taxi rank may be required to move along prior to picking up passengers.
  • the side mounted electrical machine may be used to provide a creep along mode of operation thereby reducing the need for the vehicle to operate on the IC engine and reducing emissions and fuel consumption.
  • This mode of operation is important for such environmentally sensitive areas as inner city railway stations, large airports and tourist centres where a low cost and simple part time zero emission vehicle will provide improvements in the local environment.
  • a manifold throttle 8 may be closed shut in order to restrict the passage of air through an air inlet 9 to the inlet plenum 10 and inlet ports 11. This restriction will sigmficantly limit the effective compression ratio of the engine and enable the electric motor to rotate the engine with significantly reduced power consumption. This operating mode will also enable a smoother transition when the electric machine is used to drive or pull away the vehicle from rest.
  • the invention may be incorporated in any appropriate IC engine of any cylinder or stroke number & fuel type and in relation to any appropriate electric assist machine such as an electric motor, generator or combination thereof.

Abstract

The vehicle drive comprises an internal combustion engine (1) and an electric-assist machine (2). The engine has a starter input (3) and a drive output (4). The electric-assist machine (2) is arranged to provide assist to each of the engine input and output.

Description

A METHOD OF OBTAINING ZEV CREEP MODE IN HYBRTO VEHICLES
In order to reduce fuel consumption and emissions, particularly during stop start operation vehicle systems are currently being developed whereby a vehicle drive train may be operated under a dual or hybrid mode of operation.
It is normally, though not exclusively, found that an internal combustion (IC) engine in conjunction with an electrical machine may cooperate to operate the drive train and therefore propel the vehicle.
For example in EP 0 391 386, which is incorporated herein in totality by reference, the electrical machine is a combined starter motor and generator where the power to start the engine is provided by the electrical machine operating as an electric motor supplied by on-board batteries. Once the IC engine is running the motor is switched over to become a generator and will provide electrical current to charge the batteries and provide electrical power for ancillary devices on the vehicle. All power transmission to and from the electrical machine and the IC engine is taken through the same drive belt. This belt is driven by a pulley at what may be referred to as the free end or ancillary drive end of the internal combustion engine.
The electrical machine in known hybrid vehicles is not only used for engine starting and electrical power generation. If operated in conjunction with the internal combustion engine, the electrical machine may provide a torque assist mode during stopstart driving and pull away. For example in US 5 359 308, which is incorporated herein in totality by reference, the combined motor generator provides power to drive the vehicle at the same time as the IC engine. This enables the engine to be reduced in size to provide sufficient power to drive the vehicle at a steady state whilst the electrical machine is used to assist the IC engine when acceleration or high power is required.
In many of these so called hybrid vehicles the motor generator is positioned between the engine and change speed transmission and may take the place of the flywheel of the IC engine. For example in EP 1 369 280, which is incorporated herein in totality by reference, a machine combining the actions of the flywheel, starter motor, generator and vehicle clutch is mounted in the bell housing which separates the engine from the transmission, this invention providing a significant increase in length of the power train and a significantly increased mass to be supported by the engine rear bearing. The complex machine also requires the engine and transmission to be specially adapted and designed to accommodate it.
In WO 03/004845, which is incorporated herein in totality by reference, a preferred embodiment is shown where the electric machine is positioned to the side of the IC engine utilising available space to minimise engine length and provide all of the advantages of a hybrid power train.
A hybrid IC engine vehicle operating in cooperation with an electrical machine has electric-assist both to the engine input & output from a commpn electric machine providing starting, generation, motor assist and vehicle creep with or without operation of the IC engine. The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the following figures, of which
Fig 1 is a layout of the drive train for a rear wheel drive vehicle
Fig 2 is a layout of the drive train for a front wheel drive vehicle Referring to Fig 1, an automotive engine , 1 is fitted with what may be commonly termed a side mounted electrical machine 2. The electrical machine is provided with two input and output drive shafts 3 and 4 which run parallel to the engine crankshaft (not shown). The front shaft 3 is attached to the crankshaft pulley wheel 5 via a drive pulley wheel 6 and a drive member means such as a belt 7.
By selectively operating the electrical machine 2 as an electric motor or as a generator the machine can respectively drive through the shaft 3 and member 7 in order to start the IC engine 1 or be driven by the IC engine through the shaft 3 and member 7 in order to provide electrical current to charge batteries or operate electrical ancillaries. It is also possible for pulley wheels 5 and 6 to contain operable clutching devices to allow the electrical machine to be mechanically isolated from the crankshaft of the IC engine 1.
Drive shaft 4 extends to the rear of the electrical machine and is selectively operable with at least one of the drive means 12, 13, 14, or 15, which in turn may drive for example, respectively the engine flywheel 16, the engine clutch 17, the input shaft 18 of the change speed transmission 19 or a transmission component 20 within the speed change transmission 19 or other components such as a power take-off device via respective drive means 7, 25. It is envisaged that drive means 25 may be of any suitable device such as but not limited to a belt or chain or gear or drive shaft capable of transmitting the drive torque from the electrical machine 2. It is also possible that any of the drive means may be of a selectively engageble device having a torque interrupt device such as but not limited to a sliding gear, skew gear Bendix drve, friction clutch, sprag clutch, roller clutch. It is therefore possible to provide a drive means and electrical assist both to the front of the engine crankshaft or to the rear of the engine crankshaft at for example the engine flywheel or clutch mechanism using a single electric machine.
It is further possible to provide a drive means to the vehicle drive train that by passes the IC engine.
The vehicle road wheels are driven by means of drive shaft 28 from the change speed transmission 19 which will be linked to the drive wheels of the vehicle in the normal manner.
Should the vehicle be configured as a front wheel drive vehicle of a known type the drive shaft 4 may be rotateably selectively attached to the final drive or differential 30 of the vehicle drive train as shown in fig 2.
In the configurations of fig 1 or fig 2 inoperation the electrical machine 2 may be used to start the engine via drive means 7 which may be for example a flexible endless belt. However, drive belts can suffer from disadvantages in that the torque transmitted can be limited due to the physical strength of the belt also the ratio chosen due to the pulley wheel diameters may be compromised due to the differing speed requirements for generating or power delivery.
For example should the engine temperature fall significantly it the starting torque requirements due for example to increased crankshaft bearing drag due to oil viscosity increase may exceed the capability of the belt and or the electrical machine. Accordingly,, in order to increase the torque available the electrical machine may drive the engine fly wheel through for example a pair of drive gears 12 and 16 which are able to provide an increased step down ratio and allow the electrical machine to rotate the flywheel of the IC engine even when an increased drag is present.
It is also possible that, the IC engine is not running, the vehicle is required to be moved over short distances at low speeds. For example a taxi standing in a taxi rank may be required to move along prior to picking up passengers. In that case, the side mounted electrical machine may be used to provide a creep along mode of operation thereby reducing the need for the vehicle to operate on the IC engine and reducing emissions and fuel consumption. This mode of operation is important for such environmentally sensitive areas as inner city railway stations, large airports and tourist centres where a low cost and simple part time zero emission vehicle will provide improvements in the local environment.
During start mode it is also possible that a manifold throttle 8 may be closed shut in order to restrict the passage of air through an air inlet 9 to the inlet plenum 10 and inlet ports 11. This restriction will sigmficantly limit the effective compression ratio of the engine and enable the electric motor to rotate the engine with significantly reduced power consumption. This operating mode will also enable a smoother transition when the electric machine is used to drive or pull away the vehicle from rest.
It is yet further possible to incorporate simple mechanical devices such as but not limited to a spring loaded pin or decompression device for example US 5 943 992. It is also possible that a device such as that disclosed in GB 607 750 may be equally well used.
It will be appreciated that the invention may be incorporated in any appropriate IC engine of any cylinder or stroke number & fuel type and in relation to any appropriate electric assist machine such as an electric motor, generator or combination thereof.

Claims

Claims
1. A vehicle drive comprising an internal combustion engine and an electric-assist machine, in which the combustion engine has a starter input and a drive output, and the electric-assist machine is arranged to provide assist to each of the engine input and output.
2. A vehicle drive as claimed in claim 1 further comprising a flywheel device, a torque interrupt device, a power take off device, and a change speed transmission.
3. A vehicle drive as claimed in claim 2 in which the electric assist machine is arranged to provide assist to the fly-wheel device at the engine output.
4. A vehicle drive as claimed in claim 2 in which the electric-assist machine is arranged to provide assist at a torque interrupt device at the engine output.
5 A vehicle drive as claimed in claim 2 in which the electric-assist machine is arranged to provide assist to a power take off device at the engine output.
6 A vehicle drive as claimed in claim 2 in which the electric-assist machine is arranged to provide assist to the change speed transmission at the engine output.
7. A vehicle drive as claimed in any preceding claim further comprising a compression ratio reducing device.
8. A method of operating a vehicle drive comprising an internal combustion engine comprising selectively operating an electric- assist machine to provide assist to each of the engine input and output.
9. A method as claimed in claim 8 further comprising the step of providing assist to a fly wheel device at the engine output for starting the engine.
10. A method as claimed in claim 8 or claim 9 further comprising reducing the engine compression ratio for engine starting.
11. A method as claimed in any of claims 8 to 10 further comprising providing assist to the engine output from the electric-assist machine while the internal combustion engine is off.
12. A method of operating a vetiicle power train as disclosed in any of the previous claims chara-cterised by reducing the engine compression-ratio during operation of an electric assist machine.
PCT/GB2005/001260 2004-04-01 2005-03-31 A method of obtaining zev creep mode in hybrid vehicles WO2005095141A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0407497.7 2004-04-01
GBGB0407497.7A GB0407497D0 (en) 2004-04-01 2004-04-01 A method of obtaining ZEV creep mode in hybrid vehicles

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2912980A1 (en) 2007-02-27 2008-08-29 Renault Sas Hybrid propulsion controlling system for motor vehicle e.g. hybrid motor vehicle, has activation and deactivation unit activated by conductor for activating or deactivating electrical exclusively operating mode of vehicle
DE102011010085A1 (en) 2011-02-01 2012-08-02 Audi Ag Motor vehicle has internal combustion engine for rotating crankshaft, which is coupled with drive train on side of internal combustion engine for wheel
CN103963624A (en) * 2013-02-04 2014-08-06 C.R.F.阿西安尼顾问公司 Hybrid power train unit for motor vehicle
EP2957445A1 (en) * 2014-06-17 2015-12-23 C.R.F. Società Consortile per Azioni Hybrid powertrain unit for motor vehicles with engagement devices on opposite sides of the electric machine
EP2957444A1 (en) * 2014-06-17 2015-12-23 C.R.F. Società Consortile per Azioni Hybrid powertrain unit for motor vehicles with a belt transmission device between electric machine and differential
EP2957446A1 (en) * 2014-06-17 2015-12-23 C.R.F. Società Consortile per Azioni Hybrid powertrain unit for motor vehicles with a device for transmission to a further axle of the motor-vehicle
EP2957447A1 (en) * 2014-06-17 2015-12-23 C.R.F. Società Consortile per Azioni Hybrid powertrain unit for motor vehicles, provided with auxiliary devices
EP2979911A1 (en) * 2014-07-29 2016-02-03 C.R.F. Società Consortile per Azioni Hybrid powertrain unit for motor vehicles with a variable transmission device between electric machine and differential
EP3170689A1 (en) * 2015-11-21 2017-05-24 Audi Ag Hybrid vehicle

Citations (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB607750A (en) 1946-02-11 1948-09-03 Coventry Climax Eng Ltd Improvements in decompressor mechanism for compression ignition engines
EP0391386A2 (en) 1989-04-04 1990-10-10 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Engine starter and electric generator system
DE4004330A1 (en) * 1990-02-13 1991-08-14 Schulze Eyssing Heinz Auxiliary drive for vehicle with IC engine - makes use of drive wheel attached to starter
US5359308A (en) 1993-10-27 1994-10-25 Ael Defense Corp. Vehicle energy management system using superconducting magnetic energy storage
US5943992A (en) 1996-11-29 1999-08-31 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Decompression mechanism in engine
WO2003004845A1 (en) 2001-07-05 2003-01-16 Ricardo Uk Limited Reciprocating piston engines
US6524217B1 (en) * 1999-10-08 2003-02-25 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Apparatus for controlling vehicle drive units
EP1369280A2 (en) 1997-09-12 2003-12-10 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Hybrid vehicle propulsion apparatus

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB607750A (en) 1946-02-11 1948-09-03 Coventry Climax Eng Ltd Improvements in decompressor mechanism for compression ignition engines
EP0391386A2 (en) 1989-04-04 1990-10-10 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Engine starter and electric generator system
DE4004330A1 (en) * 1990-02-13 1991-08-14 Schulze Eyssing Heinz Auxiliary drive for vehicle with IC engine - makes use of drive wheel attached to starter
US5359308A (en) 1993-10-27 1994-10-25 Ael Defense Corp. Vehicle energy management system using superconducting magnetic energy storage
US5943992A (en) 1996-11-29 1999-08-31 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Decompression mechanism in engine
EP1369280A2 (en) 1997-09-12 2003-12-10 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Hybrid vehicle propulsion apparatus
US6524217B1 (en) * 1999-10-08 2003-02-25 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Apparatus for controlling vehicle drive units
WO2003004845A1 (en) 2001-07-05 2003-01-16 Ricardo Uk Limited Reciprocating piston engines

Cited By (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2912980A1 (en) 2007-02-27 2008-08-29 Renault Sas Hybrid propulsion controlling system for motor vehicle e.g. hybrid motor vehicle, has activation and deactivation unit activated by conductor for activating or deactivating electrical exclusively operating mode of vehicle
DE102011010085A1 (en) 2011-02-01 2012-08-02 Audi Ag Motor vehicle has internal combustion engine for rotating crankshaft, which is coupled with drive train on side of internal combustion engine for wheel
DE102011010085B4 (en) * 2011-02-01 2017-03-02 Audi Ag Motor vehicle with internal combustion engine and electric machine
CN103963624A (en) * 2013-02-04 2014-08-06 C.R.F.阿西安尼顾问公司 Hybrid power train unit for motor vehicle
CN105291806A (en) * 2014-06-17 2016-02-03 C.R.F.阿西安尼顾问公司 Hybrid powertrain unit for motor vehicles
EP2957445A1 (en) * 2014-06-17 2015-12-23 C.R.F. Società Consortile per Azioni Hybrid powertrain unit for motor vehicles with engagement devices on opposite sides of the electric machine
EP2957447A1 (en) * 2014-06-17 2015-12-23 C.R.F. Società Consortile per Azioni Hybrid powertrain unit for motor vehicles, provided with auxiliary devices
KR20150144694A (en) * 2014-06-17 2015-12-28 씨.알.에프. 쏘시에타 컨서틸 퍼 아지오니 Hybrid powertrain unit for motor vehicles, provided with auxiliary devices
KR20150144693A (en) * 2014-06-17 2015-12-28 씨.알.에프. 쏘시에타 컨서틸 퍼 아지오니 Hybrid powertrain unit for motor vehicles with a device for transmission to a further axle of the motor vehicle
KR20150144692A (en) * 2014-06-17 2015-12-28 씨.알.에프. 쏘시에타 컨서틸 퍼 아지오니 Hybrid powertrain unit for motor vehicles with engagement devices on opposite sides of the electric machine
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