Cabin for passenger bridges for aircrafts
The present invention relates to a cabin for a passenger bridge for the passage of passengers into and out from an airplane.
A large number of airports throughout the world currently use passenger bridges that are located next to an opening in the airport terminal building at one of the airport gates. These passenger bridges make it safe and easy for the passengers to enplane and deplane, since the passengers do not need first to exit from the airport terminal and then to go onboard the airplane from the ground.
Passenger bridges are normally jointed, for example, relative to the ground adjacent to the terminal building in the form of, for example, a solid pillar. When the passengers pass from the gate of a terminal building into the associated passenger bridge they walk inside the bridge. It consists of tunnels. The passenger bridge is constituted by a cabin at the junction between the passenger bridge and the airplane. The sides and the most external part of the roof of the said cabin, which are in contact with the airplane fuselage when people are to enplane or deplane, comprise a bellows. This follows the outer shape of each individual airplane and in this way obtains contact between the passenger bridge and the airplane fuselage.
The floor of the cabin is constituted by a fixed floor with a straight front edge. When people are to enplane or deplane, the complete passenger bridge is manoeuvred such that the cabin is located as close to the airplane as possible, leaving only a small gap, without colliding with the airplane. A
threshold is subsequently placed between the floor of the cabin and that of the airplane. The gap between the cabin and the airplane is in this way covered, and passenger can avoid tripping over, for example.
When an airplane has landed at an airport and docked at a gate intended for this, the bridge will be manoeuvred such that it approaches sufficiently close to the airplane. The bridge is manoeuvred from a control panel inside the bridge or the cabin. The complete bridge is manoeuvred, as has been mentioned above, partly in a lateral direction, partly in a longitudinal direction and partly vertically, and partly around a joint in the form of a rotunda. This manoeuvring thus displaces the complete bridge, and places the cabin of the bridge sufficiently close to the fuselage of the airplane .
There are also other fields of application of such bridges, for example for the embarkation and disembarkation at large passenger and boat ferries. However, the present invention will be described using an example in which an airplane is docked.
A typical bridge is a system that is solidly built and may weigh up to several tens of tons. When the mass of the bridge is- manoeuvred, the bridge has a very high kinetic energy, and this makes it difficult to manoeuvre the bridge for fine adjustments. The manoeuvring can be even more difficult at airports with snow and ice on the ground. If there is ice on the ground the driving means of the bridge relative to the ground may, for example, slide, whereby the displacement of the bridge lies to a certain extent beyond the control of the operator.
Since it is desirable that the cabin of the bridge is placed sufficiently close to the airplane for the passengers to be able to enplane and deplane in a safe manner, there is a risk that the operator unintentionally manoeuvres the bridge such that its cabin collides with the fuselage of the airplane. Given the kinetic energy that the bridge possesses, there are majors risks that the fuselage of the airplane will be damaged in some way, for example, that the fuselage of the air- plane acquires notches, microcracks or deformations. Airplane safety is very high, and for this reason damaged airplanes must be withdrawn from the planned route in order to be examined and checked. In the event of minor collisions with the cabin, these checks may be sufficient if there is no damage to the airplane fuselage discovered during the check, but it may be necessary to repair the airplane fuselage in the event of somewhat more violent collisions. This gives rise to major costs for the company that owns the airplane since the airplane must not only be withdrawn from its route, but also repaired.
The present invention thus relates to a cabin for a passenger bridge for the enplaning and deplaning of passengers, which passenger bridge has the form of a tunnel and is equipped with the said cabin at its outer free end, and which can be manoeuvred relative to the ground and to the airplane such that the cabin can be docked to an airplane at a door on the airplane, which cabin comprises a roof, side walls and a floor, together with an opening at its free end, and the invention is characterized in that displacement of the cabin against an airplane fuselage is limited in that a flexible strip is placed at least either at the roof or floor of the cabin, that the said strip has an inner longitudinal cavity
with a source of light located at the first short end of the said strip opposite the inner cavity of the strip, that a photodetector is located at the second short end of the strip opposite the said inner cavity, and in that during the displacement of the cabin against the fuselage of the airplane, the strip will be brought into contact with the airplane fuselage, whereby the strip is arranged to be compressed such that a light signal to the said photodetector from the source of light is broken through the inner cavity being compressed.
The invention will be described in more detail below, partially with reference to non-limiting embodiments of the invention shown in the attached drawings, where
- Figure 1 shows schematically a cabin for a passenger bridge;
- Figure 2 shows a cross-section of a strip with an associated cover, core and inner cavity;
- Figure 3 shows a longitudinal cross-section of the strip with a source of light, photodetector and attachments for the strip;
- Figure 4 shows a further cross-section of a compressed strip; and
- Figure 5 shows a block diagram of an electrical circuit and control arrangement connected to a strip shown schematically.
The present invention concerns a cabin 1, see Figure 1, arranged at the free end of a passenger bridge. The cabin 1 is used during the enplaning and deplaning of passengers. The passenger bridge has the form of a tunnel with a floor, walls and a roof. The passenger bridge may consist of several telescopic tunnel-formed elements in order to regulate the length of the bridge. When the desired length of the bridge is to be
reached, the outer tunnels, for example, can be pressed into the inner tunnels until the correct length of the bridge has been achieved. When a longer tunnel is required, the inner tunnels are withdrawn a certain amount out from the outer tunnels.
The passenger bridge can be manoeuvred such that it can be docked to an airplane at a door of the airplane. The manoeuvring takes place relative to the ground and to the airplane. The cabin 1 comprises a roof strip 2, a floor strip 3, a roof 11, side walls 12, a floor 13, and an opening 14 at its free end.
The cabin 1 is, according to the invention, displaced towards an airplane fuselage where motion of the cabin 1 automatically stops when the cabin 1 is in contact with the airplane fuselage. The motion of the cabin 1 is limited in that a flexible strip 2, 3 is deformed when it continues to be displaced towards the airplane fuselage when it is in contact with the said airplane fuselage. The strip 2, 3 is located at at least one of either the roof 11 or the floor 13 of the cabin 1, see Figure 1. The strip 2, 3 consists of a core 17 of a material that can be shaped, preferably a material similar to foam rubber, most preferably a material that is de- formed when a weak force is exerted on the said material, see Figure 2. The core 17 is covered with a cover 19 of a durable material that can be shaped, for example, a material of rubber. The core 17 of the strip 2, 3 comprises an inner straight longitudinal cavity 4 between the short ends 15, 16 of the strip 2, 3. The said cavity 4 can be located at any position inside the core 17, preferably displaced towards that side of the cover 19 that faces the airplane fuselage when the cabin 1 is displaced towards the airplane fuselage.
Figure 3 shows the strip 2, 3 comprising its inner cavity 4, the core 17 and the cover 19 that can be shaped. A source 5 of light is placed at the first short end 15 of the strip 2, 3 opposite the inner cavity 4 of the strip 2, 3. The source 5 of light is held in place with the aid of a strip attachment 6 that is placed at the short end 15. A photodetector 7 is placed at the second short end 16 of the strip 2, 3 opposite the said inner cavity 4. The photodetector 7 is held in place with the aid of a strip attachment 8 that is placed at the short end 16.
When the cabin 1 is displaced towards the airplane fuselage the strip 2, 3 will finally make contact with the airplane fuselage. When continued displacement of the cabin 1 towards the airplane fuselage takes place when the cabin 1 is in contact with the airplane fuselage, the strip 2, 3 will be compressed to a compressed strip 10, see Figure 4. The cover 19 that can be shaped and the core 17 are compressed to a compressed cover 20 and a compressed core 18, respectively. Thus, the inner cavity 4 becomes compressed. The strip 2, 3 and the source 5 of light are arranged such that when the inner cavity 4 is compressed by the compressed core 18 and the compressed cover 20, the light signal to the said photodetector 7 from the source 5 of light is broken. The present invention can be used with different models of cabin. The present invention is preferably used together with the invention described in the Swedish patent application number 0400741-5, of which a summary follows below.
According to the said patent application, the floor of the cabin can be displaced relative to the other parts of the cabin. The floor can be displaced to a limited extent by
means of a first means of exerting force in a direction out from the said cabin, from a resting position withdrawn inside of the cabin. Furthermore, the floor can be tilted by means of a second means of exerting force upwards and downwards around a joint at the rear edge of the floor located in the cabin.
Figure 5 shows that an electrical circuit 21 is present attached to the said photodetector 7. The said circuit 21 is arranged to detect when a signal from the photodetector 7 ceases, as has been described above, something that indicates that the inner cavity 4 has been compressed. Furthermore, the circuit 21 is arranged to emit when such a detection takes place an electrical signal to a control arrangement 22, for example a joystick, or guidance buttons, for manoeuvring the bridge, or a stop indicator 23, for example a red light or a sound signal.
According to one preferred embodiment, the strip 2 is longi- tudinally located at and attached to the free front end of the roof 11 of the cabin 1, see Figure 1, preferably completely covering the said end.
According to a further preferred embodiment, the strip 3 is thus also longitudinally located at and attached to the free front end of the floor 13 of the cabin 1 and preferably covers completely the aforementioned end.
According to a further preferred embodiment, the strips 2, 3 are located at the free front end of both the roof 11 and the floor 13, respectively and preferably cover completely the aforementioned ends.
According to a further preferred embodiment, the electrical circuit 21 functions such that manoeuvring of the cabin 1 against the airplane fuselage ceases immediately when the light signal between the source 5 of light and the photodetector 7 is broken, even if the operator continues the manoeuvring of the bridge, in this case the cabin 1 towards the airplane fuselage.
According to a further preferred embodiment, the electrical circuit 21 functions such that a stop indicator is illuminated when the light signal between the source 5 of light and the photodetector 7 is suddenly broken, which indicates that the cabin 1 is in contact with the airplane fuselage. In this way the operator who is manoeuvring the cabin 1 by manual operation is compelled to stop the displacement of the cabin 1 towards the airplane fuselage.
According to a further preferred embodiment, the electrical circuit 21 functions such that a sound signal is given when the light signal between the source 5 of light and the photodetector 7 is suddenly broken, which indicates that the cabin 1 is in contact with the airplane fuselage. In this way the operator who is manoeuvring the cabin 1 by manual operation is compelled to stop the displacement of the cabin 1 towards the airplane fuselage.
A number of embodiments have been described above. However, for example, the strip 2, 3, including the cover 19, the core 17 and the inner cavity 4, together with the source 5 of light, the photodetector 7 and the circuit 21 can be designed in another suitable manner without deviating from the fundamental idea of the invention.
Thus the present invention is not limited to the embodiments specified above since It can be varied within the scope of the attached patent claims.