WO2005084756B1 - Process and composition for immobilization wastes in borosilicate glass - Google Patents
Process and composition for immobilization wastes in borosilicate glassInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005084756B1 WO2005084756B1 PCT/US2005/005484 US2005005484W WO2005084756B1 WO 2005084756 B1 WO2005084756 B1 WO 2005084756B1 US 2005005484 W US2005005484 W US 2005005484W WO 2005084756 B1 WO2005084756 B1 WO 2005084756B1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- borosilicate glass
- weight percent
- amount
- present
- cation oxides
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract 13
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 6
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract 6
- 230000003100 immobilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 229910001408 cation oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 16
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 10
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 8
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 8
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims 8
- 229910011255 B2O3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 6
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims 5
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- 229910001409 divalent cation oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 238000004017 vitrification Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007496 glass forming Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002927 high level radioactive waste Substances 0.000 claims 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims 2
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002901 radioactive waste Substances 0.000 abstract 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C1/00—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
- C03C1/002—Use of waste materials, e.g. slags
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/20—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste
- B09B3/25—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste using mineral binders or matrix
- B09B3/29—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste using mineral binders or matrix involving a melting or softening step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C14/00—Glass compositions containing a non-glass component, e.g. compositions containing fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like, dispersed in a glass matrix
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/062—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight
- C03C3/064—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing boron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/062—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight
- C03C3/064—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing boron
- C03C3/068—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing boron containing rare earths
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/28—Treating solids
- G21F9/30—Processing
- G21F9/301—Processing by fixation in stable solid media
- G21F9/302—Processing by fixation in stable solid media in an inorganic matrix
- G21F9/305—Glass or glass like matrix
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2214/00—Nature of the non-vitreous component
- C03C2214/14—Waste material, e.g. to be disposed of
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides processes to immobilize radioactive and/or hazardous waste in a borosilicate glass, the waste containing one or more radionuclides, hazardous elements, hazardous compounds, and/or other compounds. The invention also provides borosilicate glass compositions for use in immobilizing radioactive and/or hazardous waste.
Claims
1. A process for immobilizing wastes in glass which achieves a high concentration of waste constituents (waste loading) comprising: combining a waste stream having one or more of radionuclides, hazardous elements, and hazardous components with fluorine and glass-forming components in proportion to achieve a mixture capable of forming a highly polymerized borosilicate glass consisting essentially of about 1 to about 1.1 mole parts of a combination of monovalent cation oxides (R20) and divalent cation oxides (RO), about 1 to about 1.4 mole parts trivalent cation oxides (R2 3) β, and about 1.2 to about 4.2 mole parts of a combination of tetravalent cation oxides R02) and pentavalent cation oxides ( 2O5 wherein SiO2 is present in an amount greater than 30 weight percent, B2O3 is present in an amount between 8.7 and 15.3 weight percent, AI2O3 is present in an amount between 8.7 and 15.1 weight percent, CaO is present in an amount between 0.
2 and 2.
3 weight percent, and fluorine is present in an amount between about 1 to about 3 weight percent; melting the mixture to form a melted glass with integrated waste; and solidifying the melted glass with integrated waste by cooling to form said highly polymerized borosilicate glass. 2. A process for immobilizing wastes comprising: combining a waste stream having one or more of radionuclides, hazardous elements, and hazardous components with fluorine and glass-forming components in proportion to achieve a mixture capable of forming a highly polymerized borosilicate glass consisting essentially of about 1 to about 1.1 mole parts of a combination of monovalent cation oxides (R2O) and divalent cation oxides (RO), including alkaline oxides and alkaline earth oxides, about 1 to about 1.
4 mole parts trivalent cation oxides (R2O3), including alumina, boric oxide, and ferric oxide, and about 1.2 to about 4.2 mole parts of a combination of tetravalent cation oxides (RO2) and pentavalent cation oxides (R2O5), including silica, zirconia, titania, and phosphoric oxide, wherein Siθ2 is present in an amount greater than 30 weight percent, B2O3 is present in an amount between 8.7 and 15.3 weight percent, Al2O3 is present in an amount between 8.7 and 15.1 weight percent, CaO is present in an amount between 0.2 and 2.3 weight percent, and fluorine is present in an amount between about 1 to about 3 weight percent; melting the mixture to form a melted glass with integrated waste; and
45 solidifying the melted glass with integrated waste by cooling to form said highly polymerized borosilicate glass. 3. A borosilicate glass consisting essentially of: about 1 to about 1.1 mole parts of a combination of monovalent cation oxides (R2O) and divalent cation oxides (RO); about 1 to about 1.4 mole parts trivalent cation oxides (R_2O3); about 1.2 to about 4.2 mole parts of a combination of tetravalent cation oxides (RO2) and pentavalent cation oxides (R2O5); and wherein SiO2 is present in an amount greater than 30 weight percent, B2O3 is present in an amount between 8.7 and 15.3 weight percent, AI2O3 is present in an amount between 8.7 and 15J weight percent, CaO is present in an amount between 0.2 and 2.3 weight percent, and fluorine is present in an amount between about 1 to about 3 weight percent. 4. A borosilicate glass consisting essentially of: about 1 to about 1.1 mole parts of a combination of monovalent cation oxides (R2O) and divalent cation oxides (RO), including alkaline oxides and alkaline earth oxides; about 1 to about 1.4 mole parts trivalent cation oxides (R2O3), including alumina, boric oxide, and ferric oxide; about 1.2 to about 4.2 mole parts of a combination of tetravalent cation oxides (RO2) and pentavalent cation oxides (R2O5), including silica, zirconia, titania, and phosphoric oxide; and about 1 to about 3 weight percent fluorine; wherein SiO2 is present in an amount greater than 30 weight percent, B2O3 is present in an amotmt between 8.7 and 15.3 weight percent, AI2O3 is present in an amount between _.l and 15.1 weight percent, and CaO is present in an amount between 0.2 and 2,3 weight percent. 5. The borosilicate glass of claim 3 or claim 4, wherein the borosilicate glass is peraluminous.
6. The borosilicate glass of claim 3 or claim 4, wherein the borosilicate glass has a viscosity that meets vitrification processing requirements at a temperature of about 1000 to about 1200 degrees Celsius.
7. The borosilicate glass of claim 3 or claim 4, wherein the borosilicate glass has a calculated degree of polymerization (K) less than about 15.
46
8. The borosilicate glass of claim 3 or claim 4, wherein the borosilicate glass has a calculated degree of polymerization (K) less than about 7.
9. The borosilicate glass of claim 3 or claim 4, wherein the borosilicate glass has crystallinity of less than about 1 volume percent at both 1150 degrees Celsius and after three days at about 950 degrees Celsius.
10. The borosilicate glass of claim 3 or claim 4, wherein the borosilicate glass has specific electrical resistivity ranging between about 1.4 Ωcm to about 10 Ωcm at about 1000 to about 1200 degrees Celsius, that is acceptable for processing in vitrification melters.
11. The borosilicate glass of claim 3 or claim 4, wherein the borosilicate glass meets the leaching requirements for acceptance in high-level waste repositories.
12. The borosilicate glass of claim 3 or claim 4, wherein the borosilicate glass contains fluorine in an amount between about 1.2 and about 2,5 weight percent.
13. The process of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein said melting step is performed at temperatures up to about 1200 degrees Celsius.
14. The borosilicate glass produced by the process of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the borosilicate glass is peraluminous.
15. The borosilicate glass produced by the process of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the borosilicate glass has a viscosity that meets vitrification processing requirements at a temperature of about 1000 to about 1200 degrees Celsius.
16. The borosilicate glass produced by the process of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the borosilicate glass has a calculated degree of polymerization (K) less than about 15.
17. The borosilicate glass produced by the process of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the borosilicate glass has a calculated degree of polymerization (K) less than about 7.
18. The borosilicate glass produced by the process of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the borosilicate glass has crystallinity of less than about 1 volume percent at both 1150 degrees Celsius and after three days at about 950 degrees Celsius.
19. The borosilicate glass produced by the process of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the borosilicate glass has specific electrical resistivity ranging between about 1.4 Ωcm to about 10 Ωcm at about 1000 to about 1200 degrees Celsius, that is acceptable for processing in vitrification melters.
47
20. The borosilicate glass produced by the process of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the borosilicate glass meets the leaching requirements for acceptance in high-level waste repositories.
21. The borosilicate glass produced by the process of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the borosilicate glass contains fluorine in an amount between about 1.2 and about 2,5 weight percent.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05738009A EP1722867A4 (en) | 2004-02-23 | 2005-02-23 | Process and composition for immobilization wastes in borosilicate glass |
| JP2006554276A JP4690347B2 (en) | 2004-02-23 | 2005-02-23 | Methods and compositions for immobilizing radioactive and hazardous waste borosilicate glass |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US54620204P | 2004-02-23 | 2004-02-23 | |
| US60/546,202 | 2004-02-23 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2005084756A1 WO2005084756A1 (en) | 2005-09-15 |
| WO2005084756B1 true WO2005084756B1 (en) | 2005-10-27 |
Family
ID=34919324
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US2005/005484 WO2005084756A1 (en) | 2004-02-23 | 2005-02-23 | Process and composition for immobilization wastes in borosilicate glass |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7019189B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1722867A4 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP4690347B2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2005084756A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7550645B2 (en) * | 2004-02-23 | 2009-06-23 | Geomatrix Solutions, Inc. | Process and composition for the immobilization of radioactive and hazardous wastes in borosilicate glass |
| CN101448752B (en) | 2006-03-20 | 2012-05-30 | 地理矩阵解决方案公司 | Process and composition for the immobilization of high alkaline radioactive and hazardous wastes in silicate-based glasses |
| US7804077B2 (en) * | 2007-10-11 | 2010-09-28 | Neucon Technology, Llc | Passive actinide self-burner |
| FR2940718A1 (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2010-07-02 | Areva Nc | ALUMINO-BOROSILICATE GLASS FOR CONTAINING RADIOACTIVE LIQUID EFFLUENTS, AND PROCESS FOR TREATING RADIOACTIVE LIQUID EFFLUENTS |
| FR2943835B1 (en) | 2009-03-31 | 2011-04-29 | Onectra | PROCESS FOR CONDITIONING RADIOACTIVE WASTE IN THE FORM OF A SYNTHETIC ROCK |
| KR101524588B1 (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2015-06-01 | 한국수력원자력 주식회사 | Vitrification compositions and vitrification method of low-level radioactive wastes |
| KR101510669B1 (en) | 2013-12-04 | 2015-04-10 | 한국수력원자력 주식회사 | Vitrification compositions and vitrification method of mixing wastes |
| KR101510641B1 (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2015-04-09 | 한국수력원자력 주식회사 | Vitrification compositions and vitrification method of combustible wastes |
| RU2566084C1 (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2015-10-20 | Евгения Валерьевна Мальчукова | Gadolinium oxide and samarium oxide co-doped aluminoborosilicate glass with high radiation resistance |
| US9938182B2 (en) * | 2015-03-02 | 2018-04-10 | Corning Incorporated | Ultraviolet absorbing glass and articles thereof |
| US11120922B2 (en) | 2016-06-23 | 2021-09-14 | Nippon Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd. | Method for producing solidified radioactive waste |
| FR3090624B1 (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2021-01-08 | Eurokera | COPPER ALUMINOBOROSILICATE GLASSES AND THEIR USES |
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| US3000072A (en) | 1959-08-20 | 1961-09-19 | Ca Atomic Energy Ltd | Process of containing and fixing fission products |
| US3249551A (en) | 1963-06-03 | 1966-05-03 | David L Neil | Method and product for the disposal of radioactive wastes |
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| US3959172A (en) * | 1973-09-26 | 1976-05-25 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration | Process for encapsulating radionuclides |
| US4028265A (en) | 1974-04-02 | 1977-06-07 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration | Process for converting sodium nitrate-containing, caustic liquid radioactive wastes to solid insoluble products |
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| DE2819085C3 (en) | 1978-04-29 | 1981-04-23 | Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh, 7500 Karlsruhe | Process for the environmentally friendly solidification of highly and moderately radioactive and / or actinide-containing aqueous waste concentrates or of fine-grain solid waste suspended in water in a manner that is ready for final disposal |
| DE2726087C2 (en) * | 1977-06-10 | 1978-12-21 | Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh, 7500 Karlsruhe | Process for the final disposal-ready, environmentally friendly solidification of "and moderately radioactive and / or actinide-containing, aqueous waste concentrates or of fine-grained solid waste suspended in water |
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| US6472579B1 (en) | 2000-11-27 | 2002-10-29 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Energy | Method for solidification of radioactive and other hazardous waste |
| JP2002179435A (en) * | 2000-12-11 | 2002-06-26 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Glass, ceramic color composition and glass sheet with ceramic color layer |
-
2005
- 2005-02-23 JP JP2006554276A patent/JP4690347B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-02-23 US US11/068,460 patent/US7019189B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-02-23 WO PCT/US2005/005484 patent/WO2005084756A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-02-23 EP EP05738009A patent/EP1722867A4/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US7019189B1 (en) | 2006-03-28 |
| JP4690347B2 (en) | 2011-06-01 |
| EP1722867A1 (en) | 2006-11-22 |
| WO2005084756A1 (en) | 2005-09-15 |
| EP1722867A4 (en) | 2010-12-15 |
| JP2007527005A (en) | 2007-09-20 |
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